Subject: PHYSICS

Topic: Convex lens

Table of content
Light refraction in Prism
Ray diagram of a convex lens
Ray diagram illustrating graphical
construction rules of a convex lens
Simulation of the ray diagram
The six special case of convex lens
Daily applications of convex lens
Convex lens teaching flow chart
L ig h t R e f r a c t io n in P r is m s
( R e v is io n )

C o n v e x le n s
( C o n v e r g in g le n s )

3 c o n s t r u c t io n r u le s D a ily A p p lic a t io n
o f r a y d ia g r a m

U s e r a y d ia g r a m t o illu s t r a t e
t h e n a t u r e o f im a g e
Light rays passing through two prisms

IM E
N T
T IO
ES
QU
In what
The lightway doconverge
rays the
light rays
after passthrough
passing through
the prisms!!
the prisms?
 The light rays converge!!

IM E
N T
T IO
ES
QU
 AGAIN!!!
The light rays
also converge to

E
the same point!

T IM
ION
E S T
QU
Will the light rays still
converge if we continue
to cut the prisms?

YES NO
Convex Lens
• thickest in the centre
• bends light inwards
converging lens
A B C D

Which of the above is/

are convex lens(es)?
A&C
 Terminology of Convex lens

F: Focus
f = focal length (FC) Convex lens
f = focal length (FC)
Principal axis
f
C: Optical Center
F’ C F
Principal axis
F: Focus
C: Optical Center F: Focus
 Convex lens Construction Rules

 The light ray parallel
 through to
thethe
Optical
focus axisCispasses
F Center
is refracted
principal straight
refracted
parallel to the
throughthe
through
principalthe lens. F.
focus
axis.




C
F F
Now, we are going to
find the image of an
object formed by a
convex lens by using
these rules.
 By
By using
using the
the three
three
construction
construction rulesrules
of
of convex
convex lens,
lens, draw
draw
aa ray
ray diagram
diagram of of an
an
object
object with
with object
object
distance uu == 15
distance 15 cm.
cm.
(Assume
(Assume the the focal
Classwork length
length of of the
focal
the convex
convex
lens
lens is
is 10
10 cm.)
cm.)
Can
Can you
you find
find the
the image
image
Answer
Answer distance?
distance?
Converging Lens Simulation
Case 1: Object distance >2f

When the object distance is larger

than 2f , do you know the image
Object
position?
IM E
N TImage
TI O
ES 2F
QU
2F
 Descriptions of the image:
Object distance >2f

• Erect / Inverted
• Virtual / Real
• Magnified / Diminished /
Same as the object
• Position of image:
Between the position of F and 2F on
the other side of the object.
Case 2: Object distance = 2f

Object

IM E
N T 2F

TI O
2F
ES
QU Image
 Descriptions of the image:
Object distance = 2f

• Erect / Inverted
• Virtual / Real
• Magnified / Diminished /
Same as the object
• Position of image:
At the position of 2F on the other
side of the object.
Case 3: Object distance between f and 2f

Object

IM E
N T Image
TI O
2F
ES 2F
QU
 Descriptions of the image:
Object distance between f and 2f

• Erect / Inverted
• Virtual / Real
• Magnified / Diminished /
Same as the object
• Position of image:
Image distance > 2f on the other
side of the object.
Case 4: Object distance = f

Where is the image?

Object

2F 2F
 Descriptions of the image:
Object distance = f

• Position of image:
Image forms at infinity.
Case 5: Object distance < f

Image
Object
IM E
N T
TI O
2F
ES 2F
QU
 Descriptions of the image:
Object distance < f

• Erect / Inverted
• Virtual / Real
• Magnified / Diminished /
Same as the object
• Position of image:
On the same side of the object.
Case 6: Very large object at infinity
For a very large image at infinity:

Convex lens

The light rays

are nearly
parallel to each
other!
Case 6: Very large object at infinity
Do you knowRemember
how parallel
the
light rays construction
are refracted?
rules of convex
lens.

F 2F

2F F
 Descriptions of the image:
Object distance >2f

• Erect / Inverted
• Virtual / Real
• Magnified / Diminished /
Same as the object
• Position of image:
Formed at the focal plane
 Descriptions of the image:
Object distance >2f

• Erect / Inverted
• Virtual / Real
• Magnified / Diminished /
Same as the object
• Position of image:
Formed at the focal plane
 Application of Convex lens
•Camera
•Magnifying glass
The
The End
End