Velocity must change if a net force acts on an object.
According to the second law, a net force on an object causes it to
accelerate. If an object accelerates, its velocity must change. NEWTON’S SECOND LAW The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass UNITS OF FORCE
SI unit of force is a Newton (N)
CONSTANT VELOCITY
Net force (N)
Acceleration (m/s2) Mass (kg)
The net force is zero on an object with constant velocity.
If velocity stays constant, then the acceleration is
zero—so the net force must also be zero. DIRECTION OF FORCE AND ACCELERATION
The acceleration is always in the
direction of the net force.
Acceleration and force are
vectors. EXPERIMENT 1 - QUIZ A student drags a 10 kg box across a rough level floor with a constant velocity of 1.5 m/s.
What is the net force on the box?
2 - QUIZ A student drags a 10 kg box across a rough level floor with a constant acceleration of 1.5 m/s.
Now what is the net force on the
box? 3 - QUIZ The force F1 acts on a puck that moves over frictionless ice along an x axis, in one-dimensional motion. The puck's mass is m = 0.20 kg. Force F1 isdirected along the x axis and have magnitudes F1 = 4.0 N. Find the acceleration of motion 4 - QUIZ Two forces act on a puck that moves over frictionless ice along an x axis, in one-dimensional motion. The puck's mass is m = 0.20 kg. Forces F1 and F2 and are directed along the x axis and have magnitudes F1 = 4.0 N and F2 = 2.0 N. Find the acceleration of motion 5 - QUIZ Two forces act on a puck that moves over frictionless ice along an x axis, in one-dimensional motion. The puck's mass is m = 0.20 kg. Forces F1 and F3 respectively, and have magnitudes F1 = 4.0 N and F3 = 1.0 N. F3 is directed at angle q = 30°. FInd the acceleration of the puck? 6 - QUIZ The cup of ayran having mass 0.60-kg slides from the end of the counter to a thirsty customer. A force of friction of 1.2 N brings the drink to a stop right in front of the customer. a) What is the acceleration of root beer? b) What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the glass and the counter? Fn