D. Y.

Patil College of Engineering,

Akurdi, Pune 44
PROJECT
– PHYSICAL EDUCATION
FIRST YEAR ENGINEERING

Name : GANESH RAVIKIRAN

JADHAVAR
Roll No : FE21ETC046
Div : J
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1.HISTORY OF GAME:

There is a depiction of a field hockey-like game in 

Ancient Greece, dating to c. 510 BC, when the game may
have been called Κερητίζειν (kerētízein) because it was
played with a horn (κέρας, kéras, in Ancient Greek) and a
ball.[8] Researchers disagree over how to interpret this
image. It could have been a team or one-on-one activity (the
depiction shows two active players, and other figures who
may be teammates awaiting a face-off, or non-players
waiting for their turn at play). Billiards historians Stein and
Rubino believe it was among the games ancestral to lawn-
and-field games like hockey and ground billiards, and near-
identical depictions (but with only two figures) appear both
in the Beni Hasan tomb of Ancient Egyptian administrator
Khety of the 11th Dynasty (c. 2000 BCE), and in European 
illuminated manuscripts and other works of the 14th through
17th centuries, showing contemporary courtly and clerical
 life.[9] In East Asia, a similar game was entertained, using a
carved wooden stick and ball, prior to 300 BC.[10] In 
Inner Mongolia, China, the Daur people have for about
1,000 years been playing beikou, a game with some
similarities to field hockey.[11] A similar field hockey or
ground billiards variant, called suigan, was played in China
during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644, post-dating the
Mongol-led Yuan dynasty).[9] A game similar to field hockey
was played in the 17th century in Punjab state in India under
name khido khundi (khido refers to the woolen ball,
and khundi to the stick).[12] In South America, most
specifically in Chile, the local natives of the 16th century
used to play a game called Chueca, which also shares
common elements with hockey.[13]
2.GROUND MEASUREMENTS WITH DIAGRAM :

Most hockey field dimensions were originally fixed using whole

numbers of imperial measures. Nevertheless, metric
measurements are now the official dimensions as laid down by
the International Hockey Federation (FIH) in the "Rules of
Hockey". The pitch is a 91.4 m × 55 m (100.0 yd × 60.1 yd)
rectangular field. At each end is a goal 2.14 m (7 ft) high and
3.66 m (12 ft) wide, as well as lines across the field 22.90 m
(25 yd) from each end-line (generally referred to as the 23-
metre lines or the 25-yard lines) and in the center of the field. A
spot 0.15 m (6 in) in diameter, called the penalty spot or stroke
mark, is placed with its centre 6.40 m (7 yd) from the centre of
each goal. The shooting circle is 15 m (16 yd) from the base
line.
Field hockey goals are made of two upright posts, joined at the
top by a horizontal crossbar, with a net positioned to catch the
ball when it passes through the goalposts. The goalposts and
crossbar must be white and rectangular in shape, and should be
2 in (51 mm) wide and 2–3 in (51–76 mm) deep. Field hockey
goals also include sideboards and a backboard, which stand
50 cm (20 in) from the ground. The backboard runs the full
3.66 m (12.0 ft) width of the goal, while the sideboards are
1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) deep.
3.SKILLS OF THE GAME :

#1: First Touch (Trapping)

Your first touch or “trapping” is the ability to receive the ball
under control and head in the direction of where the space is.
A good first touch will give you more time to look up to see
what to do next. It will help to pre-scan before you get the
ball to identify where the space is for your next move.
For example you could use hard hands to receive into space
in front of you or it could be using soft hands to allow the
ball across your body.
You could also move the ball to the left or right of your player
with your first touch to create space and receive balls into
space (front side and upright reverse).
It is also worth improving your ability to trap bouncing balls
off both your right and left foot and balls into space
(upright reverse).
I highly recommend you work on your ability to receive the
ball from many different positions (static, moving, feet facing
forward, back to goal, from left side, from right side, etc).

#2: Hit
This is a skill which a lot of players struggle to master
because there are so many factors to consider such as foot
position, ball position, head position, body position, hip
rotation, the swing, grip, wrist action, follow through, etc.
Hitting is useful for all positions:
For defenders it could be hitting hard passes through a press
For midfielders it could be crossing the ball into the circle
For strikers (forwards) it could be to shoot at goal.
#3: Leading & Positioning
Players need to be able get into good positions if they want
to receive the ball. Leading well allows you to have more
time on the ball and to make better decisions. There are
various types of leads you can make and can vary
depending upon your position.
Timing is a crucial factor to consider as a great lead is not
great unless your timing is spot on. Great leading comes
from understanding the player on the ball as well as
your ability to anticipate what is going to happen next.
It’s also important to mention re-leading because if the ball
doesn’t come to you, you need to re-lead to create
space for someone else. This also makes it harder for
defenders.

#4: Passing
Good plays come from accurate passing so it is a crucial
aspect to cover. This point could be a number of different
skills which also depends on the position you play.
For example:
A defender may want to focus on their fake slapping or 
overheads.
A midfielder may want to work on passing off the right
foot or lifted passes into space.
A striker may want to work on 2 v 1’s or one-touch passing.

#7: Tomahawk / Reverse

Although it can be a difficult skill to master, it is definitely
a skill worth practicing especially if play on the left hand
side.
Defenders can use the tomahawk to clear balls down the
line, midfielders could use it to cross the ball
in and strikers to shoot at goal from various angles.
An alternative players could use to pass from their reverse
side is the reverse slide. It’s not as powerful as the
tomahawk but can be used to get a pass away quickly. You
use a hands apart grip and slice the ball on the edge of your
stick using a short and low backswing.

#8: V Drag 
The V drag (or dummy) is one of the most
essential elimination skills and is useful for most positions,
whether you’re:
A defender trying to get out of a tight situation under
pressure
A midfielder looking to break the line to create attacking
opportunities or
A striker looking for a bit of space to get a shot away.
It is important that you pull the ball back (like a V
movement) before moving forward to keep the ball out of
the defenders reach. Then burst forward quickly at an
angle to beat the defender, either left or right of them.

#9: 3D skills
Many defenders say that one of the hardest things to defend
is when players use 3D skills.
Using a controlled lift is very effective to use against
players who like to make flat stick tackles.
Once you use 3D skills, defenders will start to think more
about how to approach you next time which could leave
some doubt and indecision in their mind. There are
several variations, but learning a few basics lifts and jinks
should do the trick.
#10: Deception
Although this one is not technically a skill, it is an aspect
which is important to develop if you want to pull off a lot
of the skills mentioned above.
If you can be deceptive about what you are going to do, it
makes it harder for the opposition and will give you more
space and time on the ball.
For example if you are going to do an elimination skill then
simply by dropping your shoulder one way before you
change direction, you are more likely to convince the
player that you are going that way, causing them to step off
balance.
I chose these skills based on what we feel gives you the best
value for your time. 
Don’t spend too much time on the fancy skills you may
never use and don’t make things more complicated than
they need to be.
In fact, if you can pass and receive well you can reach
the top level!
4.BASIC RULE OF THE GAME :

1] Hockey players can only hit the ball with the flat side of
their stick.

2] Hockey players (other than the goalkeeper) are not

allowed to use their feet, or any other parts of the body, to
control the ball at any time.

3] A goal can only be scored either from a field goal, a

penalty corner, or from a penalty stroke. A field goal is a
goal scored from open play, and can only be scored from
inside the ‘striking circle’, in front of the opponent's goal. If
the hockey ball is hit from outside the circle and goes into
the goal, it does not count as a goal.

4] Hockey players may not trip, push, charge, interfere with,

or physically handle an opponent in any way. Hockey is a
non-contact sport and all fouls result in a free hit or a
‘penalty corner’ for the non-offending team depending on
where the infringement took place and the severity of the
foul.
5.LIST OF ARJUNA AND SHRI SHIV
CHHATRAPATI AWARDEES FOR LAST 10
YEARS :

ARJJUNA AWARDEES:
Year Men Women
1961 Prithipal Singh Anne Lumsden
1963 Charanjit Singh –
1964 Hony. Capt. –
Shankar Laxman
1965 Udham Singh Elvera Britto
1966 Hony. Capt. V.J. Sunita Puri
Peter
1966 Gurbux Singh –
1967 Harbinder Singh –
1967 Jagjit Singh –
1967 Mohinder Lal –
1968 Col. Balbir Singh –
1970 Ajitpal Singh –
1971 P. Krishnamurthy –
1972 Michael Kindo –
1973 M.P. Ganesh Dr. Otilia
Mascarenhas
CHHATRAPATI AWARDEE :
  Name Award/s

Shiv Chhatrapati ( Govt.of

1 Mr.Leo Pinto Maharashtra )
2 Mr.R.S.Gentre Shiv Chhatrapati
Mr.Gurbax
3 Singh Grewal Shiv Chhatrapati

Mr.M.K.Kaushi
4 k Arjuna & Shiv Chhatrapati

Mr.Merwyn
5 Fernandes Arjuna & Shiv Chhatrapati

6 Mr.Joaquim Arjuna & Shiv Chhatrapati

Carvalho
Mr.Marcellus
7 Gomes Shiv Chhatrapati

8 Mr.Dhanraj 1st Rajiv Khel Ratna , Padmashree,

Pillay Arjuna & Shiv Chhatrapati

9 Mr.Viren Arjuna Award & Shiv Chhatrapati

Rasquinha
Mr.Vikram
10 Pillay Shiv Chhatrapati
THANK
YOU