Testis and

ovaries
Name – Nisha rajali
Class – 11-B
 Testis
Testes is the male
reproductive gland in humans as
well as other animals. It is also
known as testicles or gonads. The
main function of testes is production
of sperm and release of male
hormones. The testes produces the
male reproductive hormone known
as testosterone.
Function of Testis
•Testes produce sperms. Sperms contain a haploid set of chromosomes of the
father

•Testes produce a hormone known as testosterone. This hormone is crucial in

causing the secondary sexual characters in boys to develop and become
apparent. Testosterone is responsible for the growth of male genitals and
sperm production

•The testes lie outside the body and are maintained at a temperature about
two degrees Centigrade lower than the body’s core temperature. This is
because sperm production and quality are optimal at this lower temperature.

•Chemotherapy and other drugs and disorders of the pituitary gland that stop
signals from the hormone (endocrine) system trigger the production of
testosterone from the testes.
 Ovaries
Ovaries act as the main female sex organs
that produce the female gamete and various 
hormones. These organs are situated one on
both the side of the lower abdomen. Each
ovary measures about 2 to 4 cm in length
which is then connected to the uterus and
pelvic wall through ligaments. The ovary is
surrounded by a thin covering of epithelium,
encloses the ovarian stroma and is divided
into two zones – outer cortex and the inner
medulla.
 Function of ovaries
 It produces female gametes (ova).

 It secretes female sex hormones.

 It secretes inhibin involved in the feedback

control of pituitary FSH production.
MALE REPRODUCTIVE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM SYSTEM
Collection of male genital organs concerned with Both internal and external structures of females which
reproduction enable reproduction

Designed for the delivery of sperms into the female Designed for nurturing a baby
reproductive system

Most parts occur outside the body Every part occur inside the body

Components: penis, scrotum, seminal vesicles, Components: vulva, clitoris ,perineum , vagina, cervix,
vas deferens, prostate, and Cowper's gland uterus, Fallopian tubes , ovaries, and mammary gland

Testes are the male gonads Ovaries are the female gonads

Male urethra conducts both urine and semen Female urethra occurs separately from the vaginal
opening
Produce GnRH, LH, FSH , and testosterone Produce GnRH, LH, FSH , estrogen , and progesterone
MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Males have a continuous production of
hormones
Function: production of sperms and
delivering sperms into the female
reproductive system
Continuously produces gametes
Produce one billion sperms per month
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Females have a cyclic production
of hormones , which causes
menstruation
Function: producing ova , receiving
sperms, facilitating fertilization,
and supporting and nourishing the
growing embryo
Production of gametes stops with
menopause
Produce a single ovum per month