Classifications of Matter and

Calculations in Chemistry
MATTER
◦ Anything that has
mass and
occupies space

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF MATTER
Property Solid Liquid Gas
Flows and assumes shape Fills any container
Rigity Rigid
of container completely

Expansion on Slight Slight Expands infinitely

heating

Compressibility Slight Slight Easily compressed

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF WATER

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 Most of the matter around us consists of
“ mixtures of pure substances. Wood, gasoline
wine, soil, and air are all mixtures.

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF MIXTURE

Mixture

Homogeneous Heterogeneous

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HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE (Solution)
◦ Uniform appearance
◦ Does not separate out
◦ “homos” – same
◦ “genos” - kind

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AIR IS A SOLUTION
◦ Air is a homogeneous mixture of gases

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 HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE
◦ Parts do not dissolve
◦ You can see the distinct parts
◦ Parts may suspend, but they always settle out

not uniform suspension

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HALO HALO IS A HETEROGENEOUS
MIXTURE

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 MIXTURES can be separated into pure
substances by physical methods

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PURE SUBSTANCE
◦ A pure substance cannot be further
broken down or purified by physical
means

◦ Each substance has its own

characteristic properties that are
different from the set of properties of
any other subtance

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MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE
CAN be separated through CANNOT be separated
PHYSICAL change through PHYSICAL
and/or physical methods change and/or physical
methods

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 Pure
substance

Compounds Elements

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Compound Element
A substance that CAN be A substance that CANNOT
decomposed by chemical be decomposed into
means into simpler simpler substance by
substances chemical changes

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THE ORGANIZATION OF MATTER

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 CHANGES OF MATTER
CHEMICAL REACTION
◦ A process in which a substance (or substances) is
changed into one or more new substances

CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g)  CO2 (g) + 2H2O (g)

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 The important principles to remember about
chemical equations is that every compound
has a formula which cannot be altered and a
chemical reaction must account for every
atom that is used.
“

This is an application of the Law of

Conservation of Mass
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Completing and Balancing Chemical
Equations

When writing equations we follow these steps:

◦ Write the correct formulas of the reactants, if necessary
◦ Decide what type of reaction it is and thus what the
products are
◦ Write the correct formula(s) for the products
◦ Balance the equation

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TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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STOICHIOMETRIC CALCULATIONS

STOICHIOMETRY
◦ Is a term used to describe quantitative relationships in
chemistry.
◦ It is the quantitative study of reactants and products in a
chemical reaction.

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STOICHIOMETRIC CALCULATIONS

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ANY QUESTIONS?

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