EARTH & LIFE SCIENCE

QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1

EARTH AS UNIQUE PLANET

FOUR SUBSYSTEMS OF THE EARTH
PROPERTIES OF ROCK-FORMING MINERALS
LESSON 1:
EARTH AS A UNIQUE PLANET

 EARTH’S CHARACTERISTICS

 Earth’s Location
 Earth’s Atmosphere
 Earth’s size and mass
 Earth’s Magnetic Field
 Presence of Water
LESSON 2:
FOUR SUBSYSTEM OF THE EARTH

 Geosphere – solid sphere of the earth.

 Hydrosphere – composed of all waters on earth.
 Atmosphere – it maintains earth’s temperature
 Biosphere – encompasses all life forms on earth.
 PROPERTIES OF ROCK-FORMING
MINERLAS

 PROEPRTIES OF MINERALS SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF

MINERALS
 Color - Reaction with acids
 Luster - Fluorescence
 Streak - Phosphorescence
 Cleavage and Fracture - Magnetisms
 Density
 Hardness
EARTH & LIFE SCIENCE

QUARTER 1 – MODULE 2

EARTH’S MATERIALS AND PROCESSES

LESSON 1:
TYPES OF ROCKS

WHAT MAKES ROCKS

DIFFERENT FROM MINERALS?
 EXPLAIN THE PICTURE BELOW

WHAT IS
THIS
PICTURE
ALL
ABOUT?
 TYPES OF ROCKS

 IGNEOUS ROCKS, or magmatic rock is formed through the cooling and

solidification of magma or lava.
TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
1. EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS – formed on the surface of the
earth from lava.
2. INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROKCS – plutonic rocks. Cool steadily
without ever reaching the surface.
 TYPE OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK

INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK
 TYPE OF ROCKS

 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS – are types of rock that are formed by the

accumulation or deposition of minerals at the Earth’s surface
 CLASSIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
1. DETRITAL SEDIMENTARY – rocks is made up from the buildup of materials that are
originated and was transported within the sort of solid particles derived from both
mechanical and chemical weathering.
2. CHEMICAL SEDIMENTARY ROCKS – is formed when the dissolved substances are
precipitated by either inorganic or organic process.
 CLASSIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY
ROCKS

DETRITAL SEDIMENTARY ROCK

BRECCIA
 TYPE OF ROCKS

 METAMORPHIC ROCK - rise from the transformation of existing rock

to new types of rock, in a process called metamorphism.
 TYPE OF METAMORPHIC ROCK
1. FOLIATED – formed when pressure squeezes the flat or elongate minerals.
2. NON FOLIATED – don’t have a platy or sheet-like structure.
TYPE OF METAMORPHIC ROCK
 LESSON 2:
ENDOGENIC PROCESS

 Are geologic process that occur beneath the surface of the earth. These
processes are facilitated by forces that cause the Earth’s surface to move.
These forces are called endogenic forces. These endogenic forces are
driven by heat.

 This heat is categorized into the following:

1. Primordial heat
2. Radioactive heat
 The heat from Earth’s interior is distributed through
heat transfer.

 Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy from hotter to cooler place. Heat transfer can be classified into
two:
1. Conduction – heat transfer by direct contact of particles of matter
2. Convection – heat transfer when a fluid such as air or a liquid, is heated and then travels away from the surface.
EARTH & LIFE SCIENCE

QUARTER 1 – MODULE 3

ROCK METAMORPHISM AND DIFFERENT

TYPES OF STRESS
LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO
METAMORPHISM

WHAT IS
METAMORPHISM?
 2 TYPES OF METAMORPHISM

 CONTACT
METAMORPHISM –
intense heat – existing
rocks buried deeper and
deeper under the surface
of the earth are in contact
with heat provided by lava
or magma.
 2 TYPES OF METAMORPHISM

 REGIONAL
METAMORPHISM –
happens when rocks are
buried deep down in the
crust. This is commonly
associated with convergent
plate boundaries.
HOW DO ROCKS ARE FORMED?
LESSON 2: DIFFERENT TYPES OF
STRESS

WHAT IS STRESS?
3 TYPES OF STRESS

COMPRESSION
TENSION
SHEARING
COMPRESSION

 IS A KIND
OF
STRESS WHERE
ROCKS TEND TO
COMPRESS EACH
OTHER. IT
HAPPENS IN
CONVERGENT
BOUNDARIES.
 TENSION

 ANOTHER TYPE OF
STRESS THAT
INFLUENCE ROCK
BEHAVIOR. IT
OCCURS IN
DIVERGENT
BOUNDARIES.
 SHEAR

 A STRESSCAUSED
BY PUSHING MAS
OF ROCK IN TWO
OPPOSITE
DIRECTION THAT
BREAK AND SLIP
APART OR
CHANGES ITS