PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY

BUSHRA AHMAD
M.A. ELT I Semester
 DEFINING PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY
1) Phonetics is the study of the
• Production
• Transmission, and
• Reception
of speech sounds.

2) Phonology is the study of the

• Selection
• Organisation, and
• Functional classification
of sounds of a particular language.
Francis Katamba, in his book An Introduction to
Phonology defines Phonetics and Phonology as follows:

• “Phonetics is the study of the production of speech

sounds by speakers, their perception by hearers, and
their acoustic properties.”

• “Phonology is the branch of linguistics which

investigates the ways in which speech sounds are
used systematically to form words and utterances.”
RELATIONSHIP WITH EACH OTHER

Branches of
linguistics

PHONETICS
Mutually Speech
AND
dependent sounds
PHONOLOGY

Insight into
languages
PHONETICS AS A SUB DISCIPLINE OF PHONOLOGY
PHONOLOGY

PHONETICS PHONEMICS
(production/articulation) (distribution/function)

ACOUSTIC AUDITORY ARTICULATORY

 DIFFERENCES
PHONETICS PHONOLOGY
• Descriptive linguistics • Theoretical linguistics
• All speech sounds • Sounds of a particular
(universal) language
• Studies ‘phones’ • Studies ‘phonemes’
• Limited scope • Broader scope
• Articulation/Production • Selection
• Transmission • Organisation
• Reception • Function
• Description • Distribution
 PHONETICS PHONOLOGY

• Not concerned with

meaning • Semantic function of
• Basis for phonological sounds
analysis • Basis for further
morphological, syntactical
• Physical aspect analysis, etc
• Parole • Abstract/mental aspect
• Individuality • Langue
• Identification • Interrelationship
• Interpretation
 PHONETICS
•Phonetic transcription –
[]
•Articulatory, auditory, acoustic
(anatomy)
•Vocal tract, phonation
type, characteristics of
sounds, etc.
PHONOLOGY
•Phonemic transcription–
//
•Inventories, phonotactics,
alternations
•Allophones, syllables,
intonation, minimal pairs,
assimilation, juncture, etc.
THANK YOU