Non-Mendelian Pattern of

Inheritance
JOCELYN REYES-CORRES
Teacher III
Checking of attendance
MELCS: Explain the different patterns of
Non-Mendelian Inheritance

 At the end of the lesson, you are expected to :

 1. Explain the different patterns of non-Mendelian

inheritance;
a. identify the different Non-Mendelian Inheritance;
b. appreciate the importance of the different patterns
of Non-Mendelian inheritance; and
c. Illustrate the different patterns of Non-Mendelian.
Unlocking of difficulties
(definition of terms)
MONOHYBRI
D CROSS
 EXAMPLE
A homozygous round seeded
plant is crossed with a homozygous
wrinkled seeded plant.
Determine the genotypes,
phenotypes, genotypic ratio and
phenotypic ratio.
 symbols
Homozygous round RR

Homozygous wrinkled rr
R R r r

Rr Rr Rr Rr

CRISSCROSS METHOD
 R R

r Rr Rr
r Rr Rr

Punnet square
 genotypes
heterozygous
4
round
Genotypic ratio

4:0
 Phenotypes

4 Round
phenotypic ratio

4:0
11. Incomplete Dominance
•One allele is not completely dominant over the
other
–Causing the heterozygote to have a third,
different phenotype
Example 1: Blending in flowers
–Homo Dominant = red flowers
–Homo recessive = white flowers
–Heterozygotes = pink flowers
SYMBOLS
HOMOZYGOUS
WW
WHITE FLOWER

HOMOZYGOUS
RED FLOWER
RR
TEST CROSS
W W R R

WR WR WR WR
GENOTYPES
4 HETEROZYGOUS
PINK FLOWERS
PHENOTYPES
4 PINK
FLOWERS
GENOTYPIC
RATIO

4:0
PHENOTYPIC
RATIO
4:0
Genotype: RR, Rr, rr R r
Phenotype: Red, Pink, White
Genotypic ratio: 1:2:1
Phenotypic ratio: 1 red, 2 pink, 1 white
R RR Rr
r Rr rr
Punnet square
CODOMINANCE
 CODOMINANCE
two different alleles for a
genetic trait are both
expressed.
 EXAMPLE
a cross between a white homozygous cow
and a red homozygous cow.

Determine the genotypes, phenotypes,

genotypic ratio and phenotypic ratio of the
offspring
SYMBOLS
HOMOZYGOUS
WW
WHITE COW

HOMOZYGOUS
RR
RED COW
TEST CROSS
W W R R

WR WR WR WR
GENOTYPES
4 HETEROZYGOUS
ROAN COW
GENOTYPIC
RATIO

4:0
PHENOTYPES

4 ROAN COW
PHENOTYPIC
RATIO
4:0
 SEX
DETERMINATION
 Males have 44 chromosomes and
two sex chromosomes X and Y. The males
determine the sex of their children.
Females have 44 chromosomes and two sex
chromosomes , both X . The total number
in each cell of an individual is 46. These
chromosomes contain the genes, which are
the factors of heredity.
CHROMOSOMES
OF
FEMALE

XX
CHROMOSOMES
OF
MALE

XY
X X
XX
GIRL
X Y
XY
BOY
The 3 kinds of Sex-Related Inheritance,
namely:

a) Sex-Linked Genes
b) Sex-Influenced Traits
c) Sex- limited Traits

 SEX-LINKED GENES

Sex- linked traits are inherited through the X
chromosomes

 Males have only one X chromosome. Thus, if

they inherit the affected X, they will have
the disorder.

 Females have two X chromosomes. Therefore,

they inherit/carry the trait without being
affected if it acts in a recessive manner.
Example:

X-Linked Trait

Hemophilia and Color Blindness

Y- Linked Trait

 Hypertrichosis pinnae auris –
Hairy ears
 SEX-LIMITED TRAITS
 These traits are generally autosomal, which means
that they are not found on the X and Y
chromosomes.
 These traits unusual is the way they are expressed
phenotypically exclusively in one sex.

 Example:

Lactation in Cattle (female)

 SEX-INFLUENCED TRAITS

 These Traits are also autosomal, it means that their genes are not carried on
to the sex chromosomes
 expressed in both sexes but more frequently in one than in the other sex.

 example:

 Baldness (males due to hormones-testosterone)

MULTIPLE
ALLELES
 MULTIPLE
Any
ALLELES
of a set of three or
more alleles of a gene.
 MULTIPLE ALLELES
An individual can only
have a maximum of two of
the alleles, one maternal
and one paternal.
 EXAMPLE
The human blood types.
BLOOD TYPES
A
B
AB
O
HOMOZYGOUS HETEROZYGOUS

IIA A
IiA

IIB B
IiB

IIA B

ii
Blood Type O
Universal donor

oBlood Type AB
Universal Recipient 
 EXAMPLE
A woman homozygous for
blood type B marries a man
that is heterozygous for
blood type A. 
 SYMBOLS
Homozygous
blood type B II
B B

Heterozygous
blood type A I i
A
 TEST CROSS
I B
I
B
I A
i

I I
A B
I i B
I I
A B
I i
B
GENOTYPES
Heterozygous
2 blood type AB

Heterozygous
2 blood type B
GENOTYPIC RATIO

2 2
PHENOTYPES
BLOOD TYPE
2 AB

BLOOD TYPE
2 B
PHENOTYPIC RATIO

2 2
END