CRANIUM DAN

MUSCULI FASCIALES
Anatomi Blok 1.2
LO
Setelah selesai mengkuti kegiatan ini mahasisa diharapkan:
1. Memahami dan dapat menjelaskan kembali neurocranium dan
viscerocranium
2. Dapat memahami dan menjelaskan kembali tulang dan persendian,
serta struktur lain pada neurocraium
3. Dapat memahami dan menjelaskan kembali tulang, persendian dan
otot serta neurovaskularissi pada viserocranium
4. Dapat memahami dan menjelaskan kembali otot-otot wajah, fungsi
dan neurovaskularisasinya
Referensi
• Gray/
• YT dan medsos lain
• https://youtu.be/ZSmx9463ijI
Skeleton cranii: neurocranium dan viscerocranium
Cranium:
NEONATUS
CRANIUM:
adult
Aspek external basis cranii
Os hyoideum
Os mandibula
Muscles of Facial Expression
• Epicranius
Frontalis and Occipitalis
• Orbicularis oculi
• Orbicularis oris
• Buccinator
• Zygomaticus
major and minor
• Platysma
 Muscles of Facial Expression
Frontalis Epicranial
aponeurosis
Epicranius

Occipitalis
Orbicularis oculi
Zygomaticus
major
Zygomaticus
minor

Orbicularis oris

Buccinator
Platysma
Occipitalis Epicranius
Epicranial aponeurosis

Frontalis

Origin: Occipital Bone

Insertion: Skin/muscle
near eye

Action: Raises eyebrows

Orbicularis oculi

Origin: Maxillary and

frontal bones

Insertion: Skin around

eye

Action: Closes eye

 Zygomaticus
major and minor

Origin:
Zygomatic bone

Insertion:
Orbicularis oris
major

Action:
minor Raises corner of the
mouth
 Orbicularis oris

Origin:
Muscles near mouth

Insertion:
Skin of lip

Action:
Closes/protrudes lips

Fig. 9.25a
Fig. 9.25b
Buccinator

Origin:
Outer surfaces of maxilla
and mandible
Insertion:
Orbicularis oris

Action:
Compresses cheeks in-
ward
9.25a
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
 Risorius

Action: Abducts angle of the mouth

 Platysma

Origin:
Fascia in upper chest

Insertion:
Lower border of mandible

Action:
Draws edges of mouth
down - pouting
Fig. 9.25a
Muscles of Mastication
•Temporalis
• Lateral Pterygoid
• Medial Pterygoid
• Masseter
9.25 b
Temporalis
Origin:
Temporal bone

Insertion:
Coronoid process and
anterior ramus of mandible

Action:
Elevates mandible
Fig. 9.25c
Lateral Pterygoid

lateral
Origin:
Sphenoid bone

Insertion:
medial Anterior surface of
mandibular condyle

Action:
Depresses and protracts
mandible and moves it
side to side
Fig. 9.25c
Medial Pterygoid

lateral
Origin:
Sphenoid, palatine and
maxillary bones
Insertion:
medial Medial surface of
mandible

Action:
Elevates mandible and
moves it side to side
Pterygoids
 Masseter

Origin:
Lower border of zygo-
matic arch
Insertion:
Lateral surface of
mandible

Action:
Elevates mandible

Fig. 9.25a
Muscles that Move the Head

• Sternocleidomastoid
• Splenius capitis
• Semispinalis capitis
• Longissimus capitis
• Scalenes
 Sternocleidomastoid

Origin: Anterior surface of the

sternum, upper surface of the clavicle

Insertion:
Mastoid process of temporal
bone

Action:
Flexes neck, pulls head
to one side, elevates
sternum
Fig. 9.25a
Fig. 9.26
Splenius capitis

Origin: Spinous processes

of upper thoracic and lower
cervical vertebrae

Insertion:
Occipital bone & mastoid
process of temporal

Action:
Rotates head, bends head to
one side, or extends neck

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Fig. 9.26
Semispinalis capitis
Semispinalis capitis cut

Origin: Processes of upper

thoracic and lower cervical
vertebrae

Insertion:
Occipital bone

Action: Extends head, bends

head to one side, or rotates
head

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Fig. 9.26
Longissimus capitis

Origin: Upper thoracic and

lower cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Mastoid process

temporal bone

Action:
Extends and rotates head

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
 Scalenes
Atlas Axis

Origin:
Transverse processes
cervical vertebrae 2-6

Insertion:
1st and 2nd ribs

Action: Flex head,

First Rib elevate 1st and 2nd rib,
Laterally flex head, rotate
Second Rib head to side
 Frontalis

Temporalis Orbicularis
oculi

Occipitalis

Orbicularis oris

Masseter
Zygomaticus

Buccinator

Risorius
Trapezius
Omohyoid
Sternocleidomastoid
2 = Frontalis
3 = Temporalis
7 = Orbicularis oculi

8 = Orbicularis oris
13 = Sternocleidomastoid

Zygomaticus minor
Zygomaticus major Buccinator

Risorius
Pink passion lipstick

Trapezius
Musculi di regio cranium dan collum
Musculi di
regio facialis
Muscles of
mastication
Muscle of
expression:
N VII
Ada 24 otot
Musculi di regio facialis
Musculi di regio collum:
asp antero-lateral
Musculi di
regio collum:
Aspek
anterior
Innervasi: N XI, n spinalis C2,3