SERIES CIRCUITS

OHM’S LAW
FIRST OBSERVATION
2022-2023
OCTOBER 6, 2022

RUEL C. AFROILAN
MASTER TEACHER I
REVIEW OF THE PAST LESSON:

WHAT IS OHM’S LAW?

The current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely

proportional to the resistance. I=V/R

EXPLAIN THE FOLLOWING THREE FORMULA.

WHAT IS THE UNIT OF MEASURE FOR VOLTAGE, CURRENT
AND RESISTANCE?
 Series Circuit. In a series circuit, many bulbs are wired one after
the other, so that when one of the bulb is busted, all will not light
up. The reason is that the current cannot pass through the bulb
because of the filament is cut. So, there is no continuity for
current in order to go back to the power source.
In a series connection, electricity flows through each electrical
device. You must observe that the two bulbs connected in series
would light more brightly than if there were three bulbs in the circuit.
The brightness of the light depends on the amount flowing in each
device.

B1 B2

Source of B3
Power
Switch
 Laws of series circuit:

1. The total resistance in the circuit is the sum of all

individual resistances.

2. The total voltage in the circuit is equal to the sum of the

individual voltages.

3. The current throughout the circuit is the same as the

individual current in the circuit.
RT = R1 + R2 + R3
RT = 30 + 15 + 15
RT = 60 OHMS
VT = V1 + V2 + V3
VT = 4V + 4V + 4V
VT = 12 VOLTS
 I3
IT= 1.5 A
I2
I1

If IT is given then, IT = I1 = I2 =I3

IT=1.5 A, I1=1.5 A, I2=1.5 A, I3-1.5 A
APPLICATION: Exercise number 1

R1= 4 ohms
VT= 12 volts
R2= 6 ohms

R3= 8 ohms

1. What is the total voltage in the circuit?

2. What is the total resistance in the circuit?
3. What is the total current in the circuit?
4. Compute for V1, V2 and V3
5. Check your answer.
 1. VT = 12 VOLTS
2. RT = R1 + R2 + R3
=4+6+8
= 18 OHMS
3. Since, VT and RT is given applying the OHM’S LAW formula;

IT = VT/RT
= 12/18
= 0.67 Amperes or Amps.
4. Make a table ( FIRST STEP)

VT= 12 VOLTS IT= 0.67 A RT= 18 OHMS

V1= I1= R1= 4 OHMS
V2= I2= R2= 6 OHMS
V3= I3= R3= 8 OHMS
SECOND STEP
APPLYING THE THIRD RULE FOR SERIES COMPUTATION WHICH THE
TOTAL CURRENT OR;
IT=I1=I2=I3

VT= 12 VOLTS IT= 0.67 A RT= 18 OHMS

V1= I1= 0.67 A R1= 4 OHMS
V2= I2=0.67 A R2= 6 OHMS
V3= I3=0.67 A R3= 8 OHMS

THIRD STEP
WE CAN NOW SOLVE FOR V1, V2 AND V3 USING THE FORMULA
V= IXR

V1= I1 X R1
V2= I2 X R2
V3= I3 X R3

5. CHECKING ANSWERS:
V1+V2+V3= VT
 R1= 10 OHMS
VT= 12 VOLTS
R2= 20 OHMS

R3= 30 OHMS

1. What is the total voltage in the circuit?

2. What is the total resistance in the circuit?
3. What is the total current in the circuit?
4. Compute for V1, V2 and V3
5. Check your answer.
1. WHAT IS A SERIES CIRCUIT?
2. WHAT ARE THE THREE RULES IN COMPUTING SERIES
CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE, URRENT AND RESISTANCE?
3. WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO THE THREE BULBS CONNECTED
WHEN THE VOLTAGE OF 220V IS APPLIED?
4. SO HOW DO YOU ANALYZE NOW A SERIES CIRCUIT ? AND
WHY IS IT THAT THE BULBS ARE DIMMER THAN THEIR
ACTUAL LIGHTS?