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  • Lesson 2 Methods of Philosophizing

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    Anne Morales
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    The document outlines the major branches of philosophy including metaphysics, epistemology, logic, philosophical anthropology, and value theory. Metaphysics examines concepts like existence, reality, being, and purpose. Epistemology studies knowledge, truth, reason, and methods of understanding. Logic analyzes correct thinking, arguments, statements, facts, opinions, and fallacies. Philosophical anthropology examines human nature and characteristics. Value theory considers ethics, aesthetics, and theories of worth.

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    The document outlines the major branches of philosophy including metaphysics, epistemology, logic, philosophical anthropology, and value theory. Metaphysics examines concepts like existence, reality, being, and purpose. Epistemology studies knowledge, truth, reason, and methods of understanding. Logic analyzes correct thinking, arguments, statements, facts, opinions, and fallacies. Philosophical anthropology examines human nature and characteristics. Value theory considers ethics, aesthetics, and theories of worth.

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    14 views16 pages

    Lesson 2 Methods of Philosophizing

    Uploaded by

    Anne Morales
    The document outlines the major branches of philosophy including metaphysics, epistemology, logic, philosophical anthropology, and value theory. Metaphysics examines concepts like existence, reality, being, and purpose. Epistemology studies knowledge, truth, reason, and methods of understanding. Logic analyzes correct thinking, arguments, statements, facts, opinions, and fallacies. Philosophical anthropology examines human nature and characteristics. Value theory considers ethics, aesthetics, and theories of worth.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 16

    Major Branches Of Philosophy

    METAPHYSICS EPISTEMOLOGY

     Existence
     Nature
    Reality Knowledge Insight 

    being truth Reason 


     Characteristics Method 

    P H I L O S O P H Y
     Identity Right & Wrong 
     Purpose Values Beauty 
     Self-knowledge
    Self Worth 
    man Goodness/beauty

    PHILOSOPHICAL
    ANTHROPOLOGY VALUE THEORY
    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES
    TCU, SHS Teacher
    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES
    TCU, SHS Teacher
    LOGIC
     Branch of philosophy
     Study of correct thinking
     Study of A R G U M E N T and its validity

    Statement Composed of :  Premise – evidence/s to prove your point of view


    intended to prove  Conclusion – your point of view
    a point of view
    STATEMENT:

    Reality
    a sentence that is either
    factually correct or factually incorrect.
    Actual happening

    FACT TRUTH OPINION


    Statement about reality Interpretation about reality Personal judgement about reality

    OBJECTIVE SUBJECTIVE
    Description Can be proven Analysis Cannot be proven Belief

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES
    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Appeal to
    Personal Character
    Focusing on the characteristics of the person
    instead of the subject matter.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Appeal to
    Personal Character
    Focusing on the characteristics of the person
    instead of the subject matter.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Appeal to
    Wrong Authority
    Citing an authority figure that is not really
    an expert in the subject mater.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Appeal to
    Ignorance
    Claiming that
    a statement is correct because
    it has not been proven to be incorrect
    or
    a statement is incorrect
    because it has not been proven to be correct.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Appeal to
    Emotions
    Appealing to someone’s emotions
    in order to distract them
    from the subject matter.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Appeal to
    Popularity
    Claiming that a statement is correct
    because it is popular.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    False
    Dilemna
    Presuming that there are only two sides of the
    argument, and only one is right.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Domino
    Theory
    Presuming that a statement will lead to a larger
    chain of events.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Hasty
    Generalization
    Presuming that a statement is correct
    based only on little evidence.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Correlation proves Causation


    Theory
    Presuming that, because two things are
    correlated, one must have caused the other.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Straw Man
    Misrepresenting or exaggerating another person’s
    argument to make it easier to attack.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher
    FALLACY: errors in reasoning

    Straw Man
    Misrepresenting or exaggerating another person’s
    argument to make it easier to attack.

    09072288431 keena.angel.moslares@gmail.com KEENA ANGEL MOSLARES


    TCU, SHS Teacher

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