Observing the Language of

Research, Campaigns, and

Advocacies
TEST I
1. This is a carefully considered, planned process to
influence multiple stakeholders to achieve
specified outcomes.

A. lobbying
B. research
C. campaign
D. advocacy
2. This is the search for knowledge through
objective and systematic method of finding
solutions to a problem.

A. lobbying
B. research
C. campaign
D. advocacy
3. This is a planned project over a given period of
time to achieve specific goals.

A. lobbying
B. research
C. campaign
D. advocacy
4. Having a closed meeting with different
stakeholders to present your cause is
an example of:

A. lobbying
B. research
C. campaign
D. advocacy
5. This bias happens when there is information that
is not included in the actual data.

A. omission
B. intentional
C. exaggeration
D. biased sample
6. What makes advocacy and campaign different
from each other?

A. Campaigning and advocacy are not interrelated.

B. Campaigning is the process of advancing
advocacy.
C. An advocacy can push through without
campaigning.
D. Advocacy is the process of putting a campaign
into action.
7. Medical practitioners are aiming to conduct a
study on the psychological effects of COVID-19 to
the people of Davao City. They intend to have the
survey once a week for a month to test if there is
stability in the response of the people. Which aspect
in research is being emphasized in the situation?

A. bias
B. validity
C. Reliability
D. credibility
8. A group of researchers, before handing out the
questionnaires to the respondents, gave information on the
negative effects of social media which is actually included in
their study. What is being manifested in the
situation?

A. It only shows that the researchers are well-prepared.

B. The researchers want to break the ice before starting the
survey.
C. It is good that the respondents are given information about
the issue.
D. The researchers wanted to influence the respondents of their
answers.
9. Based on the situation in item 8, what element of
research is observed?

A. bias
B. validity
C. credibility
D. reliability
10.Which of the following statements is true about
campaign?

A. Without advocacy, campaigning is still possible.

B. Campaigning is exclusively engaging with one
person.
C. The process of campaigning can be done through
engagement with the
public and directly with decision makers.
D. Campaigning is the process of representing the
needs and interests of
disadvantaged and marginalized group of people.
11.A group of researchers used a set of questions
which do not apply to the
respondents at all. What element of research is
violated?

A. bias
B. validity
C. credibility
D. reliability
12.Which among the statements is correct?

A. An advocacy is pushed for personal gain.

B. An advocacy does not need any external help.
C. Campaigning should be done first before coming
up with an advocacy.
D. Campaigning is most likely going to be
successful when fueled with an
advocacy.
13. A group of researchers overemphasized their
statement about the negative effects of using
gadgets among teenagers. What bias is committed?

A. omission
B. intentional
C. exaggeration
D. biased sample
15.A survey on the most delicious milk tea in town
is being conducted by a group of researchers and
their respondents are workers from a certain milk
tea shop. What bias is committed?

A. omission
B. intentional
C. exaggeration
D. biased sample
Exploring the Strategies and
Elements of an Argument

TEST II
1. Which of the following statements is the clear definition of
an argument?

a. It is a written article which observes grammatical

construction of statements.
b. It refers only to an article written to evaluate any political
issues in the society.
c. It is a series of statements which intends to determine the
degree of truth.
d. It is an academic article which serves as a medium to
question any curricular inconsistencies.
2. Which statement gives the importance of
statement of the argument?

a. It emphasizes facts, information or analogies

based on the claim.
b. It provides relevant evidence of the issues based
on the argument.
c. It gives conclusive statements that convinces
reader to agree with.
d. It refers to the claim that the writer wants the
reader to agree with.
3. What is the purpose of emphasizing the evidence
for the argument?

a. To explain the pros and cons of the claim

b. To provide support and reasons of the claim
c. To express meaning and conclusion of the claim
d. To interpret the good and bad sides of the claim
4. Why do writers anticipate the explanation of the
argument?

a. To highlight the conclusive statement

b. To emphasize facts, information, or analogies
c. To provide support and reasons of the argument
d. To show why or how the objection is weak or
faulty
5. How do writers use ethos in the argumentative
statement?

a. By convincing an audience via authority or

credibility
b. By emphasizing a logical appeal though facts or
analogies
c. By creating an emotional response to an
impassioned plea
d. By expressing a logical appeal using figures or
information
6. What do writers really do to highlight pathos in
the argumentative statement?

a. Convince an audience via authority or credibility

b. Emphasize a logical appeal using facts or
analogies
c. Express a logical appeal using figures or
information
d. Create an emotional response to an impassioned
plea
7. Which of these ways used by writers to
emphasize logos in the argumentative statement?

a. Convincing an audience via authority or

credibility
b. Supporting assertion by restating the issue or
claim
c. Creating an emotional response to an
impassioned plea
d. Using a logical appeal through facts, figures, or
analogies
8. Which argumentative strategy is expressed in
this statement: "He is a curriculum expert for the
government - if anyone's qualified to determine
the academic issues, it's him"?

a. Egos
b. Ethos
c. Logos
d. Pathos
9. What argumentative strategy is used in this
statement: "The report is perfectly clear: this
school has been consistently performing in the past
three years, even in spite of some academic
challenges"?

a. Egos
b. Ethos
c. Logos
d. Pathos
10. Which argumentative strategy is highlighted in
this statement: "After years of being disrespected
by many and having countless hours wasted, it's
time that I need to take a stand"?

a. Egos
b. Ethos
c. Logos
d. Pathos
11. What argumentative element is expressed in this
statement: “In order to improve the online behavior
of students and decrease cyberbullying related
issues, school officials should have discipline
students”?

a. Rebuttal of the Argument

b. Evidence for the Argument
c. Statement of the Argument
d. Explanation of the Argument
12. Which argumentative element is emphasized in
this statement: “Fortypercent of our people live
below the poverty line and suffer food hunger”?

a. Rebuttal of the Argument

b. Evidence for the Argument
c. Statement of the Argument
d. Explanation of the Argument
13. Which of the following uses Pathos in the argumentation
effectively?

a. "Scientists and environmentalists have been researching on

the effects of global warming."
b. "If young people do not believe on the effects of social media,
we’re living in the world surrounded with lies and fantasies.”
c. "Working as an analysist in this institution for 20 years, I
haven't witnessed the company’s challenges against economic
crisis.“
d. "Being a business consultant, I usually support the making
of
14. The following statements are using logos in the
argumentation effectively EXCEPT ONE:

a. “As your coach, I see this problem a lot, I recommend basic

defensive and offensive skills in playing volleyball.”
b. "History has shown time and again that absolute power
corrupts anddestroys people’s basic human and constitutional
rights."
c. "Our advanced academic practices will serve the well-being
of your children so that they can experience what quality
education is."
d. "Being a public speaker, I have applied the basic
communication strategies to influence the hearts and minds of
my listeners."
15. Which of the following is a good example of Statement of the
Argument?

a. Learning a language ideally involves not only memorizing a bunch of new

words, but also studying its native country’s culture and
history.
b. Though the scientific evidence seems overwhelming in favor of global warming,
there are those, for various reasons, who believe that global warming is a hoax or
not empirically verified.
c. Schools’ dependence on technology has caused students to lose the ability to
think independently, leading to a greater prevalence of mood disorders, memory
loss, and loneliness.
d. In fact, the World Meteorological Organization has stated that the
global temperature is 1.2C above pre-industrial levels and for three years in a
row, it has been the hottest year on record (Carrington, 2016).