PFB 1033

~Pn Mazuin Jasamai~

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 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Scope of Reservoir engineering

Basic concerns of Reservoir Engineering

 Define SPE definition of reserves and

reserves categories
 Describe general terms for reserves
estimation.

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What is RESERVOIR ENGINEERING?
The phase of engineering which deals with the transfer of
fluids to, from or through the reservoirs

Exploration/
Petropyhsics
Geophysics/
Geology

RESERVOIR
ENGINEERING
Production
Process
Economics
Engineering

General Engineering/
Platform topside
Design 3
 GOAL OF
RESERVOIR ENGINEERING…..

Set up development project

Optimize hydrocarbons recovery

Study on production forecasting

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Where is Reservoir Engineering?
Geology

Geophysics
Exploration
Exploration Well

Discovery Well
Reservoir Engineering
Well Location
Well Assessment
Reservoir Assessment
Development
Development Plan
Production
Transport

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 BASIC CONCERNS OF
RESERVOIR ENGINEER
 How to calculate the volume of the initial
hydrocarbon present in the reservoir ?
 How much of the initial fluids have been
recovered ?
 How much is left ?
 How to increase recovery economically?
 What data are needed?

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 RESERVOIR ENGINEER
Have to understand………

The nature of reservoir fluids

The nature of reservoir rocks

The nature and behavior of rock

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 ACTIVITIES OF
RESERVOIR ENGINEERING
Reserve
Estimation

Development
Planning

Production
and
Optimization

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WHAT IS RESERVES ???
Quantities of petroleum which
are anticipated to be
commercially recovered from
known accumulations from a
given date forward.
* SPE and World Petroleum Congress WPO1987

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WORLD OIL RESERVES

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 RESERVES CATEGORIES
RESERVES

Degree of uncertainty on reserves estimation depends on available

geological & engineering data at the time of interpretation and estimation

PROVED UNPROVED

PROBABLE
POSSIBLE
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 PROVEN RESERVES
Quantities of petroleum which can be
estimated with reasonable certainty
to be commercially recoverable
from known reservoirs from a given date
forward, under current economic conditions,
operating methods and government
regulations
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 PROBABLE RESERVES

Unproved reserves which analysis of

geological and engineering data
suggest are MORE likely than not to
be recoverable

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 POSSIBLE RESERVES

Unproved reserves which analysis of

geological and engineering data suggest

are

LESS likely to be recoverable than

probable reserves

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RESERVES CATEGORIES

High degree of certainty to

be recovered
PROVED
Less degree of certainty to
be recovered than proved
PROBABLE
reserves

Less degree of certainty to

POSIBBLE be recovered than probable
reserves
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 DATA FOR ESTIMATION
 Geophysical estimates from seismic
interpretations
 Log analysis estimates of porosity and
fluid saturation
 Laboratory measurements to measure
recoverable oil and pressure/volume
relationships
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 DETERMINISTIC VS.
PROBABILISTIC
Volumetric estimation is concerned with quantifying
how much oil and gas exists in an accumulation.
It is a current estimate and is expected to change
over time.
Volumetric Estimation

Deterministic Probabilistic

Average the data gathered Use predictive tools, statistics,

at points in the reservoir,
from well logs, cores,
seismic to the estimate the
field-wide properties
analogue field data and input
regarding the geological model
to predict trend in reservoir
properties away from sample
points 17
 HYDROCARBON IN PLACE
The first stage in determining the reserves is to
determine the volume of hydrocarbons in place (HIP)

GRV – Gross rock volume

N
GRV       So N/G – Net to Gross
STOIIP  G
Bo  – Porosity

N S – Saturation
GRV       Sg
GIIP  G B – formation volume factor
Bg g – gas, o – oil

Usually it is the volume that was in-place before any

production has occurred that is being determined
Unit Standard Tank Barrel (stb) for oil and Standard 18
 RESERVE ESTIMATION
Ultimate Recovery,

UR = HCIIP x Recovery Factor (RF)

Reserves = UR – Cumulative Production

Can you differentiate the terms, UR, Reserves

and Resource?
What is the different between stock tank
barrel and reservoir barrel?
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 Question 1
There are 800 MM STB of oil initially in
place in a reservoir. It is estimated that 450
MM STB can be produced. Already 100 MM
STB have been produced. How much are
the reserves?

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