Properties of

Liquids & Solids

Mrs. Wilhelmina I. Galiza
Gen. Chem. 2 Teacher
General Properties of Liquids

❑ Surface Tension
❑ Viscosity
❑ Vapor Pressure
❑ Boiling point
❑ Heat of Vaporization
These properties are influenced by the IMF in a substance.
Surface Tension

It is the tendency of liquid surfaces to shrink

into the minimum surface area possible.
Surface tension allows insects (e.g. 
water striders), usually denser than water, to
float and slide on a water surface. At liquid–air
interfaces, surface tension results from the
greater attraction of liquid molecules to each
other (due to cohesion) than to the molecules
in the air (due to adhesion).
Product A
Viscosity
The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its 
resistance to deformation at a given rate. For
liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of
"thickness": for example, syrup has a higher
viscosity than water.
Vapor Pressure
is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor in 
 
thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed 
phases (solid or liquid) at a given temperature in
a closed system. 
Boiling point

  is the temperature at which the 

vapor pressure of a liquid equals the pressure
 surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes
into a vapor.
Heat of Vaporization
 Structure &
Properties of Water
EXAMPLES OF
ICE CRYSTALS
 Types &
Properties of
Solids
Crystalline Solids
These are the most common type of
solids. Their characteristics are what we
associate solids with. They are firm, hold
a definite and fixed shape, are rigid and
incompressible. They generally have  crystalline. This is why they do not
geometric shapes and flat faces. And
examples include diamonds, metals, salts
etc.
Amorphous Solids
Amorphous solids are rigid
structures but they lack a well-
defined shape. They do not have a
geometric shape. So they are non-
have edges like crystals do. The most
common example of an amorphous
solid is Glass. Gels, plastics, various
polymers, wax, thin films are also
good examples of amorphous solids.