URDANETA CITY National Service Training Program

UNIVERSITY
Disaster risk reduction
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

and management
(drrm) AND
climate change
terminologies
CRISANIE L. CACANINDIN, LPT, MAEd
NSTP Instructor
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
a. Present the DRRM and CC agreed definitions according to RA. 10121- Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Act of 2010, the 2009 UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction,
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC);

b. Gain understanding and right application of the DRRM and CC related terminologies; and

c. Be able to formulate a DRRM-CCAM (i.e. climate change adaptation and mitigation) plan for their
respective schools based on their understanding of the DRRM and CC concepts and terminologies.
 MANAGEMENT 3

(DRRM) AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
(CC)
TERMINOLOGIES
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Why do we need to give importance to disasters?

✖ Disasters cause the destruction of communities, death of millions, and collapse of

people's livelihoods. Disasters leave indelible impacts on physical landscapes and
on people's minds. In development terms, disasters can mean serious economic
impact on nations, communities, and households.    For a developing nation like the
Philippines, disasters also pose major hurdles for the achievement of the
Millennium Development Goals (MDG).   

✖ The Philippines is one of the world's most disaster prone nations. The exposure of
the Philippines to disasters can be attributed to its geographical and physical
characteristics. Earthquakes are common and volcanoes abound because the
country is in the Pacific Ring of Fire. The Philippines also absorbs the full strength
of typhoons that develop in the Pacific Ocean.  
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What will guide the DRRM
implementation?
National DRRM Framework (NDRRMF)

The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework (NDRRMF) serves

as the principal guide to disaster risk reduction and management efforts in the country. This

shall be developed by the NDRRMC. It shall be the basis for the formulation of the National

DRRM Plan (NDRRMP). It shall provide for a comprehensive, all‐hazards, multi‐sectoral,

inter‐agency and community‐based approach to DRRM. (Sec. 3.y and Sec. 6.a)
 What will guide the DRRM 6

implementation?
National DRRM Plan (NDRRMP)

The NDRRMP shall be formulated and implemented by the Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
(Sec. 3.z and Sec. 9.b). The NDRRMP sets out goals and specific objectives for reducing disaster risks.
This includes:

a) identification of hazards, vulnerabilities and risks to be managed at the national level;

b) DRRM approaches and strategies to be applied in managing said hazards and risks;

c) agency roles, responsibilities and line of authority at all government levels; and,

d) vertical and horizontal coordination of DRRM in the pre‐disaster and post‐disaster phases.
 What will guide the DRRM 7

implementation?
Local DRRM Plans (LDRRMP)

The Local DRRM Plan will guide DRRM implementation at the local level. The LDRRMP
will be formulated by the LDRRMOs/BDRRMC in close coordination with the local development
councils. (Sec. 12.c.6)
 DRRM Concept/ Operational Definition 8
Terminology

Hazard A dangerous phenomenon , substance , human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other
health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or
environmental damage.

Mitigation An anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases (IPCC). Human
interventions to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases by sources or enhance their removal from the
atmosphere by “sinks”. A “sink” refers to forests, vegetation or soils that can reabsorb CO2 (UNFCCC).

Disaster A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material,
economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to
cope using its own resources.

Disaster Risk The potential disaster losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur to a
particular community or a society over some period of time.

Disaster Risk The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyse and manage the casual
Reduction factors of disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property,
wise management of the land and environment and improved preparedness for adverse events.

Disaster Risk The systematic process of using administrative directives, organizations and capacities to implement strategies,
Management policies and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of
disaster.
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Recovery Decisions and actions taken after a disaster with a view to restoring or improving the pre-disaster
living conditions of the stricken community while encouraging and facilitating necessary
adjustments to reduce disaster risks.

Preparedness Activities and measures taken in advance to ensure effective response to the impacts of hazards,
including the issuance of timely and effective early warnings and the temporary evacuation of people and
property from threatened locations.

Response The act of implementing or translating into actions what are called for by the preparedness plans.
Response includes actions taken to save lives and prevent further damage in a disaster or emergency
situation. Seeking shelter from strong winds accompanying a typhoon and evacuating to higher grounds
due to an impending flood are examples of response.

Vulnerability The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the
damaging effects of a hazard.

Capacity The combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or
organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals.
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Climate change
✖ Climate change is one of the major challenges for the international community.

✖ Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.

These shifts may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. But since the
1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to
burning fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.
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Climate change
✖ Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions that act like a blanket
wrapped around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat and raising temperatures.
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Causes of climate change

Generating
power
✖ Generating electricity and heat by burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas causes a large
chunk of global emissions. Most electricity is still produced from fossil fuels; only about a quarter
comes from wind, solar and other renewable sources.

Manufacturing
goods
✖ Manufacturing and industry produce emissions, mostly from burning fossil fuels to produce energy for
making things like cement, iron, steel, electronics, plastics, clothes and other goods. Mining and other
industrial processes also release gases.
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Causes
Cutting down of climate change
forests
✖ Cutting down forests to create farms or pastures, or for other reasons, causes emissions, since trees,
when they are cut, release the carbon they have been storing. Since forests absorb carbon dioxide,
destroying them also limits nature’s ability to keep emissions out of the atmosphere.

Using
transportation
✖ Most cars, lorries, ships and planes run on fossil fuels. That makes transportation a major contributor of
greenhouse gases, especially carbon-dioxide emissions. Road vehicles account for the largest part, but
emissions from ships and planes continue to grow.
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CCA Concept/ Terminology Operational Definitions according the UNFCCC

Climate Change A change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity
that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition
to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods
(UNFCC).

Greenhouse Gases Gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic,
that absorb and emit radiation of thermal infrared radiation emitted by the
Earth’s surface, the atmosphere itself, and by clouds (IPCC).

Adaptation Adaptation is adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual

or expected stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits benefit
opportunities (IPCC).

Adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual

or expected climatic stimuli and their effects or impacts. It refers to changes
in processes, practices, and structures to moderate potential damages or to
benefit from opportunities associated with climate change (UNFCCC).