Trapezoids

Definition
•A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with
exactly one pair of parallel opposite
sides.
Parts of a Trapezoid
•The parallel sides are called the bases.
•The nonparallel sides are called the
legs. base

leg leg

base
Isosceles Trapezoid
•Definition: A trapezoid with
congruent legs
Median of a Trapezoid
•A segment joining the midpoints of
the legs
•Length of the median is equal to ½
times the sum of the bases
Midline Theorem
•A segment joining the midpoints of
the legs
•Length of the median is equal to ½
times the sum of the bases
Median of a Trapezoid

M A
XY = MA + HT
X Y 2
H T
Find the median

A B
MN = AB + DC
M N 2
D C
Find MN A B
AB = 8
M N
DC = 12
MN = AB + DC D C
2
MN = 8 + 12 MN = 20 MN = 10
2 2
Find MN A B
AB = 7
M N
DC = 9
MN = AB + DC D C
2
MN = 7+9 MN = 16 MN = 8
2 2
Median of the trapezoid
Find the length of AB

A B
AB = 2(MN) - DC
M N

D C
Median of the trapezoid
Find the length of DC

A B
DC = 2(MN) - AB
M N

D C
Find AB A B
MN = 20
M N
DC = 24
AB = 2(MN) - DC D C

AB = 2 (20) - 24
AB = 40 - 24 AB = 16
Find DC A B
MN = 34
M N
AB = 41
DC = 2(MN) - AB D C

DC = 2 (34) - 41
DC = 68 - 41 DC = 27
 A B
Find the value of x
M N
AB = 17
D C
MN = x + 10
x + 10 = 44
DC = 27
2
MN = AB + DC x + 10 = 22
2
x = 22 - 10
x + 10 = 17 + 27 x = 12
2
 Seatwork
Find the measure of the
indicated parts
 A B
1. Find MN,
when M N

AB = 12 D C

and
DC= 26.
 A B
2. Find MN,
when M N

AB = 13 D C

and
DC= 23.
 A B
3. Find AB,
when M N

MN = 23 D C

and
DC= 43.
 A B
4. Find DC,
when M N

MN = 3 D C

and
AB= 5.
5. Find x, when A B
AB = 22, M N
MN =10x - 7
DC = 44. D C
Ans.
1. 19
2. 18
3. 3
4. 1
5. 4
Properties of Isosceles Trapezoid
1. Each pair of base angles is
congruent
2. Diagonals are congruent
3. Consecutive upper and lower
base angles are supplementary.
4. The legs are congruent.
5. The bases are parallel
 DEFINITION
Kite – a quadrilateral that has two pairs of
consecutive congruent sides, but opposite
sides are not congruent.
 PARTS OF A KITE
Vertex Vertex
angles: C
diagonal
<B & <D BD
B
D
Non-
Vertex Non-Vertex
angles: A diagonal
<A & <C CA
 PROPERTIES OF KITES

The diagonals of a kite are

perpendicular
Non-vertex angles (a)are
congruent
 PROPERTIES OF KITES
Vertex diagonal bisects the
vertex angles
Vertex diagonal bisects the
non-vertex diagonal
PERPENDICULAR DIAGONALS OF A KITE

If a quadrilateral is a kite, then its

diagonals are perpendicular.
C

B
D

A
 Non-Vertex Angles of a Kite
• If a quadrilateral is a kite, then non-vertex angles
are congruent

B D

A  C
Vertex diagonals bisect vertex angles
If a quadrilateral is a kite then the vertex
diagonal bisects the vertex angles.

B
D

A
 Vertex diagonal bisects the
non-vertex diagonal
If a quadrilateral is a kite then the vertex diagonal
bisects the non-vertex diagonal

B
D

A
Example
• Find the side lengths of the kite.

12
20 12
W Y
U
12

 
Example Continued X

12
W 20 12
Y
U
12

Z
Find the lengths of the sides of the kite
W

Z 5 5 X

Y
Find the lengths of the sides of kite to the
nearest tenth

2
4 7

2
Example 3 J
• Find mG and mJ.

60 K
H 132

G
 Try This!
RSTU is a kite. Find mR, mS and mT.
S

R x+30 x T
125
U
 Using Properties of Kites

Area Kite = one-half product of diagonals

D B

C
 Using Properties of Kites

Example 6

ABCD is a Kite.
A
a) Find the lengths of all
2
the sides. D 4 B
E 4

b) Find the area of the Kite. C