Fall Protection and Prevention HSE Presentation HSE

Fall Protection and
Prevention
Power Tools Serious Accident
Last January 2006 in Indonesia, a worker was
cutting aluminium roofing sheets using a grinder,
the grinder’s wheel broke apart and hit his face
causing serious injury between his upper lips
and nose.
After first aid treatment he was sent to Hospital

for further treatment. The doctor at the Hospital
recommended he be hospitalised for about two
weeks!
2
● Based on manufacturer
specification, Makita grinder model
9006B should use 6” grinding
wheel, speed load 10,000 RPM.
● 9.5” grinding wheel was used
instead of using 6” grinding wheel.
● This wheel was oversized and
designed to be run at 3400 RPM.
● Grinding wheel was running at
10,000 RPM causing the wheel fly
apart and hit the mechanic’s face.
● What Went Wrong
- Utilised improper tool.
- No grinder safety guard.
- Not using face shield for PPE.
3
Hazards
Workers using hand and
power tools may be exposed
to these hazards:
• Objects that fall, fly, are
abrasive, or splash
• Harmful dusts, fumes, mists,
vapors, and gases
• Frayed or damaged electrical
cords, hazardous
connections and improper
grounding
4
Basic Tool Safety Rules
● Maintain regularly
● Use right tool for the job
● Inspect before use
● Operate according to
manufacturer's’
instructions
● Use the right personal
protective equipment
(PPE)
● Use guards
5
Hand Tool Hazards
Hazards are usually caused by
misuse and improper maintenance
Do not use;
• Wrenches when jaws are sprung
• Tools with taped handles – they Crac
may be hiding cracks k
• Tools with loose, cracked or
splintered handles
• Impact tools (chisel and wedges)
when heads have mushroomed
• Mushroom Head
A screwdriver as a chisel
6
Electrical Safety -
Construction
Electricity - The Dangers
● About 5 workers are
electrocuted every week
● Causes 12% of young
worker workplace deaths
● Takes very little electricity
to cause harm
● Significant risk of causing
fires
8
Electricity – How it Works
● Electricity is the flow of
energy from one place to
another
● Requires a source of power:
usually a generating station
● A flow of electrons (current)
travels through a conductor
● Travels in a closed circuit
9
Electrical Terms
● Current -- electrical movement (measured in amps)
● Circuit -- complete path of the current.
Includes electricity source, a conductor, and the output
device or load (such as a lamp, tool, or heater)
● Resistance -- restriction to electrical flow
● Conductors – substances, like metals, with little
resistance to electricity that allow electricity to flow
● Grounding – a conductive connection to the earth
which acts as a protective measure
● Insulators -- substances with high resistance to
electricity like glass, porcelain, plastic, and dry wood
that prevent electricity from getting to unwanted areas
10
Electrical Injuries
There are four main types of electrical injuries:
● Direct:
1. Electrocution or death due to electrical
shock
2. Electrical shock
3. Burns
● Indirect:
4. Falls
11
Electrical Shock
An electrical shock is received when electrical
current passes through the body.
You will get an electrical shock if a part of your

body completes an electrical circuit by…
● Touching a live wire and an electrical ground, or

● Touching a live wire and another wire at a
different voltage.
12
Shock Severity
● Severity of the shock depends
on:
– Path of current through the body
– Amount of current flowing
through the body (amps)
– Duration of the shocking current
through the body,
● LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT

MEAN LOW HAZARD
13
Dangers of Electrical Shock
● Currents above 10 mA can
paralyze or “freeze” muscles.
● Currents more than 75 mA
can cause a rapid,
ineffective heartbeat -- death
will occur in a few minutes
unless a defibrillator is used
● 75 mA is not much current –
a small power drill uses 30
times as much
Defibrillator in
14 use
Effects of Electrical Shock
1mA 5mA 10mA 15mA 50-100mA
Can paralyze
Slight Sensation of Can Kill In A
Painful or “freeze”
Sensation Shock
muscles
Second
15
Burns
● Most common shock-
related injury
● Occurs when you touch
electrical wiring or
equipment that is
improperly used or
maintained
● Typically occurs on hands
● Very serious injury that
needs immediate attention
16
Falls
● Electric shock can also

cause indirect injuries
● Workers in elevated
locations who experience
a shock may fall,
resulting in serious injury
or death
17
Electrical Hazards and How to
Control Them
Electrical accidents are
caused by a combination
of three factors:
• Unsafe equipment
and/or installation,
• Workplaces made
unsafe by the
environment, and
• Unsafe work practices.
18
Hazard – Exposed Electrical Parts
Cover removed from wiring or breaker box

19
Control – Isolate Electrical Parts
● Use guards or
barriers
● Replace covers
Guard live parts of electric

equipment operating at 50
volts or more against
accidental contact
20
Control – Isolate Electrical Parts -
Cabinets, Boxes & Fittings
Conductors going into them must be protected, and

unused openings must be closed
21
Control – Close Openings
● Junction boxes, pull
boxes and fittings
must have approved
covers
● Unused openings in
cabinets, boxes and
fittings must be closed
(no missing
knockouts) Photo shows violations
of these two requirements
22
Hazard - Overhead Power Lines
● Usually not insulated
● Examples of equipment that
can contact power lines:
• Crane
• Ladder
• Scaffold
• Backhoe
• Scissors lift
• Raised dump truck bed
• Aluminum paint roller
23
Control - Overhead Power Lines
● Stay at least 10 feet away

● Post warning signs
● Assume that lines are
energized
● Use wood or fiberglass
ladders, not metal
● Power line workers need
special training & PPE
24
Hazard - Inadequate Wiring
● Hazard - wire too small for the
current
● Example - portable tool with an
extension cord that has a wire too
small for the tool
Wire Gauge
• The tool will draw more current than
the cord can handle, causing
overheating and a possible fire WIRE
without tripping the circuit breaker
Wire gauge measures
• The circuit breaker could be the right wires ranging in size from
size for the circuit but not for the number 36 to 0 American
smaller-wire extension cord wire gauge (AWG)
25
Control – Use the Correct Wire
● Wire used depends on operation, building materials,
electrical load, and environmental factors
● Use fixed cords rather than flexible cords
● Use the correct extension cord
Must be 3-wire type and designed for

hard or extra-hard use
26
Hazard – Defective Cords & Wires
● Plastic or rubber
covering or
insulation is
missing
● Damaged
extension cords
& tools
27
Hazard – Damaged Cords
● Cords can be damaged by:
• Aging
• Door or window edges
• Staples or fastenings
• Abrasion from adjacent
materials
• Activity in the area
● Improper use can cause
shocks, burns or fire
28
Control – Cords & Wires
● Insulate live wires
● Check before use
● Use only cords that are 3-wire type
● Use only cords marked for hard or
extra-hard usage
● Use only cords, connection
devices, and fittings equipped with
strain relief
● Remove cords by pulling on the
plugs, not the cords
● Cords not marked for hard or
extra-hard use, or which have
been modified, must be taken out
of service immediately
29
extra-hard usage
strain relief
30
Permissible Use of Flexible Cords
DO NOT use flexible wiring where
frequent inspection would be difficult
or where damage would be likely.
Flexible cords must not be . . .

• run through holes in walls, ceilings, or
floors;
• run through doorways, windows, or
similar openings (unless physically
protected);
• hidden in walls, ceilings, floors, conduit
or other raceways.
31
Grounding
Grounding creates a
low-resistance path
from a tool to the earth
to disperse unwanted
current.
When a short or
lightning occurs,
energy flows to the
ground, protecting you
from electrical shock,
injury and death.
32
Hazard – Improper Grounding
● Tools plugged into

improperly grounded
circuits may become
energized
● Broken wire or plug on
extension cord
● Some of the most
frequently violated
OSHA standards
33
Control – Ground Tools & Equipment
● Ground power supply
systems, electrical circuits,
and electrical equipment
● Frequently inspect electrical
systems to insure path to
ground is continuous
● Inspect electrical equipment
before use
● Don’t remove ground prongs
from tools or extension cords
● Ground exposed metal parts
of equipment
34
Control – Use GFCI (ground-fault
circuit interrupter)
● Protects you from shock
● Detects difference in current
between the black and white
wires
● If ground fault detected, GFCI
shuts off electricity in 1/40th of
a second
● Use GFCI’s on all 120-volt,
single-phase, 15- and 20-
ampere receptacles, or have
an assured equipment
grounding conductor program.
35
Control - Assured Equipment
Grounding Conductor Program
Program must cover:
• All cord sets
• Receptacles not part of a building or structure
• Equipment connected by plug and cord
Program requirements include:

• Specific procedures adopted by the employer
• Competent person to implement the program
• Visual inspection for damage of equipment connected
by cord and plug
36
Hazard – Overloaded Circuits
Hazards may result from:
● Too many devices plugged
into a circuit, causing heated
wires and possibly
a fire
● Damaged tools overheating
● Lack of over current
protection
● Wire insulation melting, which
may cause arcing and a fire in
the area where the overload
exists, even inside a wall
37
Control - Electrical Protective
Devices
● Automatically opens circuit if
excess current from overload
or ground-fault is detected –
shutting off electricity
● Includes GFCI’s, fuses, and
circuit breakers
● Fuses and circuit breakers
are overcurrent devices.
When too much current:
• Fuses melt
• Circuit breakers trip
open
38
Power Tool Requirements
• Have a three-wire cord with

ground plugged into a grounded
receptacle, or
• Be double insulated, or
• Be powered by a low-voltage
isolation transformer
39
Tool Safety Tips
● Use gloves and appropriate footwear
● Store in dry place when not using
● Don’t use in wet/damp conditions
● Keep working areas well lit
● Ensure not a tripping hazard
● Don’t carry a tool by the cord
● Don’t yank the cord to disconnect it
● Keep cords away from heat, oil, &
sharp edges
● Disconnect when not in use and when
changing accessories such as blades &
bits
● Remove damaged tools from use
40
Preventing Electrical Hazards - Tools
● Inspect tools before Double
use
GROUNDIN
Or Insulation
G
● Use the right tool

correctly
● Protect your tools
● Use double insulated
tools
Double Insulated marking
41
Temporary Lights
Protect from contact

and damage, and
don’t suspend by
cords unless
designed to do so.
42
Clues that Electrical Hazards Exist
● Tripped circuit breakers or
blown fuses
● Warm tools, wires, cords,
connections, or junction
boxes
● GFCI that shuts off a circuit
● Worn or frayed insulation
around wire or connection
43
Lockout and Tagging of Circuits
● Apply locks to power source
after de-energizing
● Tag deactivated controls
● Tag de-energized
equipment and circuits at all
points where they can be
energized
● Tags must identify
equipment or circuits being
worked on
44
Safety-Related Work Practices
To protect workers from
electrical shock:
• Use barriers and guards to
prevent passage through
areas of exposed energized
equipment
• Pre-plan work, post hazard
warnings and use protective
measures
• Keep working spaces and
walkways clear of cords
45
● Use special insulated
tools when working on
fuses with energized
terminals
● Don’t use worn or
frayed cords and
cables
● Don’t fasten extension
cords with staples,
hang from nails, or
suspend by wire.
46
Preventing Electrical Hazards -
Planning
• Plan your work with others

• Plan to avoid falls
• Plan to lock-out and tag-
out equipment
• Remove jewelry
• Avoid wet conditions and
overhead power lines
47
Avoid Wet Conditions
• If you touch a live wire or other
electrical component while
standing in even a small puddle
of water you’ll get a shock.
• Damaged insulation, equipment,
or tools can expose you to live
electrical parts.
• Improperly grounded metal switch
plates & ceiling lights are
especially hazardous in wet
conditions.
• Wet clothing, high humidity, and
perspiration increase your
chances of being electrocuted.
48
Preventing Electrical Hazards - PPE
● Proper foot protection
(not tennis shoes)
● Rubber insulating gloves,
hoods, sleeves, matting,
and blankets
● Hard hat (insulated - non-
conductive)
49
Preventing Electrical Hazards –
Proper Wiring and Connectors
• Use and test GFCI’s
• Check switches and
insulation
• Use three prong plugs
• Use extension cords only
when necessary & assure in
proper condition and right
type for job
• Use correct connectors
50
Training
Train employees working with electric
equipment in safe work practices, including:
● De-energize electric equipment before

inspecting or repairing
● Using cords, cables, and electric tools that
are in good repair
● Lockout / Tagout recognition and procedures
● Use appropriate protective equipment
51
Summary – Hazards & Protections
Hazards Protective Measures
● Inadequate wiring ● Proper grounding
● Exposed electrical parts
● Use GFCI
● Wires with bad insulation
● Use fuses and circuit
● Ungrounded electrical
systems and tools breakers
● Overloaded circuits ● Guard live parts
● Damaged power tools and ● Lockout/Tagout
equipment ● Proper use of flexible
● Using the wrong PPE and cords
tools ● Close electric panels
● Overhead powerlines ● Training
● All hazards are made worse
52 in wet conditions
Summary
Electrical equipment must be:
• Listed and labeled
• Free from hazards
• Used in the proper manner
If you use electrical tools you must be:
• Protected from electrical shock
• Provided necessary safety equipment
53
Hand Tools - Protection
● Use PPE, such as safety

goggles, face shield and
gloves
● Keep floor surface where

working free from debris
and tripping or slipping
hazards
● Keep cutting tools sharp
54
Power Tools
● Must be fitted with guards
and safety switches (Dead
Man Switch)
● Extremely hazardous
when used improperly
● Different types,determined
by their power source:
⮚ Electric
⮚ Pneumatic
⮚ Liquid fuel
⮚ Hydraulic Dead Man Switch
⮚ Powder-actuated
55
Switches
Hand-held power tools must be
equipped with one of the
following:
Constant pressure switch
shuts off power upon release
Examples: circular saw, chain
saw, grinder, hand-held power
drill
On-Off Switch
Examples: routers, planers,
laminate trimmers, shears, jig
saws, nibblers, scroll saws
56
Power Tools - Precautions
● Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing and
cleaning, and when changing accessories
● Keep people not involved with the work away from the
work
● Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands
to operate the tool
● Don’t hold the switch button while carrying a plugged-in
tool
● Keep tools sharp and clean
● Consider what you wear – loose clothing and jewelry
can get caught in moving parts
● Remove damaged electric tools & tag them: “Do Not
Use”
57
Power Tools – Precautions
Electric Cords
● Don’t carry portable tools

by the cord
● Don’t use electric cords to
hoist or lower tools
● Don’t yank cord or hose
to disconnect it
● Keep cords and hoses
away from heat, oil, and
sharp edges
58
Electric Power Tools
Plug with a
Double grounding
Insulation pin
Marks DOUBLE INSULATION
SYMBOL
To protect a worker from shock, these tools must:

• Have a 3-wire cord plugged into a grounded receptacle
• Be double insulated
• Be powered by a low-voltage isolation transformer
59
Electric Tools – Good Practices
• Operate within design limits
• Use gloves and safety shoes
• Store in a dry place
• Don’t use in wet locations
unless approved for that
• Keep work areas well lit
• Ensure that cords don’t
present a tripping hazard
60
Abrasive Wheels and Tools
● May throw off flying
fragments
● Equip with guards that:

- Cover the spindle end, nut,
& flange projections
- Maintain proper alignment
with the wheel
- Don’t exceed the strength
of the fastenings
● Guard so that a minimal

amount of the wheel is
exposed
61
Inspecting Abrasive Wheels
Before mounting:
• Inspect closely for damage
• Perform sound- or ring-test to
ensure free from cracks /
defects
To test:
• Tap wheel gently with a light,
non-metallic instrument
• If wheel sounds cracked or
dead, do not use it because it
could fly apart
62
Abrasive Wheel Use
● To prevent cracking:
- Fit the wheel on the spindle
freely
- Tighten the spindle nut
enough to hold the wheel in
place without distorting the
flange
● Let the tool come up to speed
prior to grinding or cutting
● Don’t stand in front of the
wheel as it comes up to full Ensure the spindle
speed speed doesn’t exceed
● Use eye and/or face the maximum speed
protection marked on the wheel
63
Abrasive Wheel Work Rests
● Keep work rests not more
than 1/8th inch from
wheel surface
● This prevents jamming
the work between the
wheel and the rest, which
may cause the wheel to
break
● Don’t adjust wheel while it
is rotating
64
Guarding
● Guard exposed moving
parts of power tools
● Guard belts, gears, shafts,

pulleys, sprockets,
spindles, flywheels,
chains, or other moving
parts
● Never remove a guard

when a tool is in use
65
Guarding - Point of Operation
This shows a radial arm saw equipped
with proper point of operation guards
The point of operation is where the work is actually

performed on the materials – it must be guarded
66
Guarding Protection
Machine guards
must protect the
operator and others
from:
Nip
• Point of operation Point Glass cover as
protection
• In-running nip points
• Rotating parts
• Flying chips and
sparks
67
Radial Saw Guarding
Radial arm saw
equipped with an upper
and lower blade guard
Guard to prevent the

operator from coming in
contact the the rotating
blade
68
Guarding Portable Circular Saws
Guard these saws

above and below
the base plate or
shoe. The lower
guard must cover
the saw to the
depth of the teeth.
69
70
Table Saw Guarding
Hood
guard
Use a hood for guarding

71
Fall Protection and
Prevention
and nose.

weeks!
73
Safety Precautions
• All guards in place
• Right disk for the machine
• Cutting discs for cutting
• Grinding discs for grinding
• No damage to disc
• Fitted correctly
⮚ No homemade spacer
⮚ Correct locking spindle
• Correct PPE
⮚ Full face shield
74
● What Went Wrong
75
Hazards
to these hazards:
abrasive, or splash
vapors, and gases
cords, hazardous
grounding
76
manufacturers’
instructions
(PPE)
● Use guards
77
Hand Tool Hazards
Do not use;
• Tools with taped handles – they Crack
may be hiding cracks
splintered handles
• Mushroom Head
78
Electrical Safety -
Construction
to cause harm
fires
80
another
81
Electrical Terms
82
Electrical Injuries
● Direct:
shock
2. Electrical shock
3. Burns
● Indirect:
4. Falls
83
Electrical Shock


different voltage.
84
Shock Severity
on:
through the body,

MEAN LOW HAZARD
85
can cause a rapid,
times as much
Defibrillator in
86 use
1mA 5mA 10mA 15mA 50-100mA
Can paralyze
Sensation Shock
muscles
Second
87
Burns
related injury
equipment that is
improperly used or
maintained
88
Falls

a shock may fall,
or death
89
Control Them
of three factors:
• Workplaces made
unsafe by the
environment, and
90

91
● Use guards or
barriers
● Replace covers

accidental contact
92

93
boxes and fittings
must have approved
covers
cabinets, boxes and
(no missing
94
• Crane
• Ladder
• Scaffold
• Backhoe
• Scissors lift
95

energized
ladders, not metal
96
current
small for the tool
Wire Gauge
Wire gauge measures
• The circuit breaker could be the right wires ranging in size
size for the circuit but not for the from number 36 to 0
smaller-wire extension cord American wire gauge
(AWG)
97

98
covering or
insulation is
missing
● Damaged
extension cords
& tools
99
• Aging
materials
10
extra-hard usage
strain relief
10
extra-hard usage
strain relief
10

floors;
protected);
or other raceways.
10
Grounding
Grounding creates a
low-resistance path
current.
When a short or
lightning occurs,
energy flows to the
injury and death.
10

improperly grounded
circuits may become
energized
extension cord
frequently violated
OSHA standards
10
before use
of equipment
10
wires
a second
10
Program must cover:
• All cord sets

by cord and plug
10
wires and possibly
a fire
protection
10
Devices
circuit breakers
• Fuses melt
open
11

receptacle, or
11
Tool Safety Tips
sharp edges
bits
11
● Inspect tools before Or
use
Double
GROUNDING Insulation

correctly
tools
11
Temporary Lights

and damage, and
don’t suspend by
cords unless
designed to do so.
11
blown fuses
boxes
11
after de-energizing
energized
worked on
11
electrical shock:
equipment
measures
11
terminals
frayed cords and
cables
cords with staples,
hang from nails, or
suspend by wire.
11
Planning

out equipment
• Remove jewelry
11
electrical parts.
conditions.
12
(not tennis shoes)
and blankets
● Hard hat (insulated -
nonconductive)
12
insulation
type for job
12
Training

are in good repair
12
● Use GFCI
Summary
12

gloves

hazards
12
Power Tools
Man Switch)
⮚ Electric
⮚ Pneumatic
⮚ Liquid fuel
⮚ Hydraulic Dead Man
⮚ Powder-actuated Switch
12
Switches
following:
drill
On-Off Switch
12
work
to operate the tool
tool
Use”
12
Electric Cords

by the cord
to disconnect it
sharp edges
13
Plug with a
Double grounding pin
Insulation
SYMBOL

13
13
fragments

with the wheel
of the fastenings

exposed
13
Before mounting:
defects
To test:
could fly apart
13
Abrasive Wheel Use
freely
flange
13
wheel surface
break
is rotating
13
Guarding

pulleys, sprockets,
parts

13

13
Guarding Protection
Machine guards
must protect the
operator and others
from:
Nip
• Point of operation Point Glass cover as protection

• Rotating parts
sparks
13
Radial Saw Guarding
Radial arm saw

blade
14
Guard these saws

above and below
the base plate or
shoe. The lower
guard must cover
the saw to the
depth of the teeth.
14
14
Table Saw Guarding
Hood
guard

14
Fall Protection and
Prevention
and nose.

weeks!
14
Safety Precautions
• All guards in place
• Right disk for the machine
• Cutting discs for cutting
• Grinding discs for grinding
• No damage to disc
• Fitted correctly
⮚ No homemade spacer
⮚ Correct locking spindle
• Correct PPE
⮚ Full face shield
14
● What Went Wrong
14
Hazards
to these hazards:
abrasive, or splash
vapors, and gases
cords, hazardous
grounding
14
manufacturers’
instructions
(PPE)
● Use guards
14
Hand Tool Hazards
Do not use;
• Tools with taped handles – they Crack
may be hiding cracks
splintered handles
• Mushroom Head
15
Electrical Safety -
Construction
to cause harm
fires
15
another
15
Electrical Terms
15
Electrical Injuries
● Direct:
shock
2. Electrical shock
3. Burns
● Indirect:
4. Falls
15
Electrical Shock


different voltage.
15
Shock Severity
on:
through the body,

MEAN LOW HAZARD
15
can cause a rapid,
times as much
Defibrillator in
15 use
1mA 5mA 10mA 15mA 50-100mA
Can paralyze
Sensation Shock
muscles
Second
15
Burns
related injury
equipment that is
improperly used or
maintained
16
Falls

a shock may fall,
or death
16
Control Them
of three factors:
• Workplaces made
unsafe by the
environment, and
16

16
● Use guards or
barriers
● Replace covers

accidental contact
16

16
boxes and fittings
must have approved
covers
cabinets, boxes and
(no missing
16
• Crane
• Ladder
• Scaffold
• Backhoe
• Scissors lift
16

energized
ladders, not metal
16
current
small for the tool
Wire Gauge
Wire gauge measures
• The circuit breaker could be the right wires ranging in size
size for the circuit but not for the from number 36 to 0
smaller-wire extension cord American wire gauge
(AWG)
16

17
covering or
insulation is
missing
● Damaged
extension cords
& tools
17
• Aging
materials
17
extra-hard usage
strain relief
17
extra-hard usage
strain relief
17

floors;
protected);
or other raceways.
17
Grounding
Grounding creates a
low-resistance path
current.
When a short or
lightning occurs,
energy flows to the
injury and death.
17

improperly grounded
circuits may become
energized
extension cord
frequently violated
OSHA standards
17
before use
of equipment
17
wires
a second
17
Program must cover:
• All cord sets

by cord and plug
18
wires and possibly
a fire
protection
18
Devices
circuit breakers
• Fuses melt
open
18

receptacle, or
18
Tool Safety Tips
sharp edges
bits
18
● Inspect tools before Or
use
Double
GROUNDING Insulation

correctly
tools
18
Temporary Lights

and damage, and
don’t suspend by
cords unless
designed to do so.
18
blown fuses
boxes
18
after de-energizing
energized
worked on
18
electrical shock:
equipment
measures
18
terminals
frayed cords and
cables
cords with staples,
hang from nails, or
suspend by wire.
19
Planning

out equipment
• Remove jewelry
19
electrical parts.
conditions.
19
(not tennis shoes)
and blankets
● Hard hat (insulated -
nonconductive)
19
insulation
type for job
19
Training

are in good repair
19
● Use GFCI
Summary
19

gloves

hazards
19
Power Tools
Man Switch)
⮚ Electric
⮚ Pneumatic
⮚ Liquid fuel
⮚ Hydraulic Dead Man
⮚ Powder-actuated Switch
19
Switches
following:
drill
On-Off Switch
20
work
to operate the tool
tool
Use”
20
Electric Cords

by the cord
to disconnect it
sharp edges
20
Plug with a
Double grounding pin
Insulation
SYMBOL

20
20
fragments

with the wheel
of the fastenings

exposed
20
Before mounting:
defects
To test:
could fly apart
20
Abrasive Wheel Use
freely
flange
20
wheel surface
break
is rotating
20
Guarding

pulleys, sprockets,
parts

20

21
Guarding Protection
Machine guards
must protect the
operator and others
from:
Nip
• Point of operation Point Glass cover as protection

• Rotating parts
sparks
21
Radial Saw Guarding
Radial arm saw

blade
21
Guard these saws

above and below
the base plate or
shoe. The lower
guard must cover
the saw to the
depth of the teeth.
21
21
Table Saw Guarding
Hood
guard

21
21
Pneumatic Tools
● Powered by compressed
air
● Includes nailers, staplers,
chippers, drills & sanders
● Main hazard - getting hit by
a tool attachment or by a
fastener the worker is using
with the tool
● Take the same precautions
with an air hose that you
take with electric cords
21
Pneumatic Tools - Fastening
● Ensure tool is fastened
securely to the air hose to
prevent a disconnection
● Use a short wire or

positive locking device
attaching the air hose to
the tool Wire used to secure
hose
21
Pneumatic Tool Connections
Low pressure High pressure
Hose clamps and connector
21
Pneumatic Tool Safety
● Place a safety device on the
muzzle to prevent the tool
from ejecting fasteners,
unless the muzzle is in
contact with work surface
● Install a safety clip or
retainer to prevent
attachments, such as
chisels on a chipping
hammer, from being ejected
● Wear eye protection. Wear
hearing protection with
jackhammers.
22
Compressed Air Cleaning
● Don’t use compressed
air for cleaning
● Exception - where
pressure is reduced to
less than 30 p.s.i. with
effective chip guarding
and PPE
22
Liquid Fuel Tools
● Usually gas powered
● Main hazard – fuel

vapors
● Use only approved
flammable liquid
containers
● Before refilling a
fuel-powered tool
tank, shut down the
engine and allow it
to cool
22
Powder-Actuated Tools
● User must be trained and
licensed to operate.
● Test tool each day before
loading to ensure the safety
devices are working properly.
● Wear suitable ear, eye, and
face protection.
● Select a powder level that will
do the work without excessive
force.
22
Fatal Fact
● Employee killed when
struck in head by a nail
fired from a powder
actuated tool.
● Tool operator was

attempting to anchor a
plywood form in
preparation for pouring
a concrete wall.
22
Easily Penetrated Material
Avoid driving into materials
easily penetrated unless
materials are backed by a
substance that will prevent
the pin or fastener from
passing through.
Also, don’t drive

fasteners into very hard
or brittle material that
might chip or splatter, or
make the fasteners
ricochet.
22
Powder-Actuated Tool Safety Tips
● Don’t use in explosive or flammable atmosphere
● Inspect tool before use to ensure:
⮚ it is clean,
⮚ that moving parts operate freely
⮚ the barrel is free from obstructions and has the
proper shield, guard, and attachments
● Don’t load the tool unless using immediately
● Don’t leave a loaded tool unattended
● Keep hands clear of the barrel end
● Never point the tool at anyone
● Store unloaded in a locked box
22
Hydraulic Jack
● To set up a jack, ensure:
⮚ The base is on a firm, level
surface
⮚ It’s centered
⮚ The jack head is placed
against a level surface
⮚ You apply the lift force evenly
● Lubricate and inspect jacks

regularly
22
Hydraulic Jack
● The manufacturer's rated

capacity must be marked
on all jacks and must not
be exceeded.
● All jacks must have a

stop indicator that should
not be exceeded.
22
Jacks - Blocking
Immediately block the load
after it is lifted. Put a block
under the base of the jack
when the foundation is not
firm, and place a block
between the jack cap and
load if the cap might slip.
Photo - handyman jack is

provided a firm base by using
the railroad tie.
The load is cribbed to prevent
it from falling.
22
Summary
Hazards are usually the result of improper tool
use or not following one or more of these
protection techniques:
⮚ Inspecting the tool before use
⮚ Using PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
⮚ Using protective guards
⮚ Properly storing the tool
⮚ Using safe handling techniques
23
Falls in Construction
Falls are the leading cause of
deaths in the construction
industry.
Most fatalities occur when
employees fall from open-sided
floors and through floor openings.
Falls from as little as 1.2 to 1.8
meters can cause serious lost-
time accidents and sometimes
death.
23
Working at Height means:
• Working on temporary or permanent

structures that are greater than 1.8 meters
above the ground or floor level
What is Fall Protection
Procedure, equipment, plans, work method

put in place to protect people working at
height from falling.
• Guard rails
• Hole covers
• Warning lines
• Lifelines
• Harness
23
Hazards when Working at Heights
Working at a significant
elevation above the
ground or floor level can
result in:
• a person falling to the
ground, or
• dropping an object which

could strike another
worker
23
Causes of Falling from Height
• Engineering factors –
missing guardrails and safety
harnesses, unreliable or unstable
scaffoldings, floors, ladders;
• Process factors – mistakes in
method statement or operation
procedures;
• Psychological factors – fear,
coordination impairment, careless
moves, unsafe behavior;
• Weather factors – strong
wind, extremely hot or cold
temperature, rain, snow, fog, ice.
23
Fall Protection & Prevention
Systems:
Fall Prevention
• Ladders • Access platforms
• Railing • Guards
• Hole Cover
• Handrails
Fall Protection (PFAS)

• Safety Harness with Double lanyards
• Retractable lanyard
• Rope Grab
• Safety nets
23
Scaffolding/Temporary Platform
● All temporary platform are to
be equipped with standard
guardrails system and a
solid decking free from
openings
● Personnel traveling or
working on incomplete
structure shall wear and
secure their lanyards to an
anchorage point capable of
supporting 2,500kg
● Every temporary platform
shall be provided with a safe
of access/egress
23
Temporary Hole Cover
To make hole safe it can
be covered by steel plates
or wooden planks to get
suitable strength and
support.
The fixed support must not

be easily removable.
A TRIP HAZARD sign

board must be posted
23
Guardrail Systems
● Top rail must be 1.1 meters
above the walking/working
platform
● Midrails must be installed in
between top rail and the
working level
● Top rail must be capable of
withstanding without failure a
force of at least 91kg
● If the top rail is wire rope, it
must be flagged with high
visibility material at intervals
23
Ladders
● Temporary ladders shall extend at
least 1 meters or 3 rungs above
the landing platform and be
properly secured
● Ladder extending above 3.7m
must be equipped with a
retractable lifeline
● Personnel using these ladder
must secure their retractable
lifeline to the harness
● Personnel using a ladder not yet
secured at the top must have
another person to hold the ladder
at the bottom
23
Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)
Full Body Harness with Two lanyard
Used during works performed on an

unprotected work location at
elevations higher than 1.8 meters
above the ground
Lanyard must be secured to a

suitable anchorage point that is
capable of supporting an impact load of
2,500Kg
Prior to use, make sure that fall

protection equipment is in good
operating condition
24
Retractable Lanyard / Rope Grab
"Deceleration device" - Any
mechanism, such as a rope
grab, rip-stitch lanyard,
specially-woven lanyard,
tearing or deforming lanyards,
automatic self-retracting
lifelines/lanyards, etc., which
serves to dissipate a
substantial amount of energy
during a fall arrest, or
otherwise limit the energy
imposed on an employee
during fall arrest.
24
Retractable Lanyard / Rope Grab
24
Lifelines
Lifelines shall be secured above the
point of operation to an anchorage
or structural
member capable of supporting a
minimum dead weight of 2,500 Kg.
Lifelines shall be used only for

employee safeguarding. Any lifeline
actually subjected to in-service
loading, as distinguished from static
load testing, shall be immediately
removed from service and shall not
be used again for employee
safeguarding
24
Scaffolding should be used when work will be
performed at elevated locations in the following
situations:
● when there is no
permanent access to
the workplace;
● when work cannot be
done safely from a
portable ladder;
● when work cannot be
done from a mechanical
lift or work basket;
● when the job is such
that it is safer to do it
from scaffolding
24
Personnel shall not work at height:
● When feeling fatigue or

dizziness
● If fall protection
equipment is defective or
damaged
● During high winds (speed
of approximately 32 km/s
or greater)
● If scaffolds are covered
with ice or snow
● When visibility is poor
24
When Working at Height
● Understand the potential hazards
of the task to be performed
● Review how you will raise or lower
any tools or equipment
● Ensure required PPE is in good
condition, and make sure you
understand how to properly use it
● Always use the 3-point climbing
method
● Watch out for the safety of others
24
REMEMBER!!!!
If you are
connected –
you are
protected!
24

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Fall Protection and Prevention HSE Presentation HSE

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Fall Protection and

After first aid treatment he was sent to Hospital

You will get an electrical shock if a part of your

● Touching a live wire and an electrical ground, or

● LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT

● Electric shock can also

Cover removed from wiring or breaker box

Guard live parts of electric

Conductors going into them must be protected, and

● Stay at least 10 feet away

Must be 3-wire type and designed for

Flexible cords must not be . . .

● Tools plugged into

Program requirements include:

• Have a three-wire cord with

● Use the right tool

Double Insulated marking

Protect from contact

• Plan your work with others

● De-energize electric equipment before

● Use PPE, such as safety

● Keep floor surface where

● Keep cutting tools sharp

● Don’t carry portable tools

To protect a worker from shock, these tools must:

● Equip with guards that:

● Guard so that a minimal

● Guard belts, gears, shafts,

● Never remove a guard

The point of operation is where the work is actually

Guard to prevent the

Guard these saws

Use a hood for guarding

After first aid treatment he was sent to Hospital

You will get an electrical shock if a part of your

● Touching a live wire and an electrical ground, or

● LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT

● Electric shock can also

Cover removed from wiring or breaker box

Guard live parts of electric

Conductors going into them must be protected, and

● Stay at least 10 feet away

Must be 3-wire type and designed for

Flexible cords must not be . . .

● Tools plugged into

Program requirements include:

• Have a three-wire cord with

● Use the right tool

Double Insulated marking

Protect from contact

• Plan your work with others

● De-energize electric equipment before

● Use PPE, such as safety

● Keep floor surface where

● Keep cutting tools sharp

● Don’t carry portable tools

To protect a worker from shock, these tools must:

● Equip with guards that:

● Guard so that a minimal

● Guard belts, gears, shafts,

● Never remove a guard

The point of operation is where the work is actually

• In-running nip points