LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1 2 3
Identify the three Determine how rocks Differentiate Igneous,
types of rocks. are formed. Sedimentary and
Metamorphic rock
from one another.
 Can these rocks
become one of
What are the
the other
three types of
through
rocks?
geologic
processes?
 Rock is a natural occurring
aggregate of one or more
mineral or mineral materials.
1 Igneous Rocks

2 Metamorphic Rocks

3 Sedimentary
ROCKS
Igneous Rocks Metamorphic Sedimentary
• Plutonic Rocks Rocks Rocks
• Volcanic Rocks • Texture • Clastic
• Mineralogical • Chemical
• Chemical • Organic
IGNEOUS ROCKS
• When a molten rocks or magma
from volcanoes undergoes
crystallization.
Categories of Igneous Rocks

1 Plutonic ( Intrusive ) Rocks

2 Volcanic ( Extrusive ) Rocks

INTRUSIVE
IGNEOUS ROCK
• It is formed when
magma, found
hundreds of feet deep
beneath Earth’s
surface, solidifies
before it comes close
to the surface.
Granit
e
Basalt
EXTRUSI •It is formed lava.
VE When a volcano
IGNEOUS erupts, magma is
ROCK spewed out onto
earth’s surface.
Gabbro
Obsidian
Pumice
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

They are formed when sediments accumulate layer by layer

over thousands and even million of years. These sediments
are broken down by wind or water and carried away to
different places.
Fossil organism are found in
it.
 CLASTIC- It is formed from the compaction and
cementation of other pieces of rocks.

Example:shale

Types of ORGANIC- It is formed from the remains of plants

and animals.

sedimentary Example: coal

rocks
CHEMICAL- It is formed from solvent that evaporate
and leave behind precipitation.

Example: limestone, gypsum

SHALE
COAL
LIMESTONE
GYMPSUM
 • They are formed when
tremendous heat and
pressure from deep
within Earth cause a
METAMORPHI chemical change in the
C ROCK composition of igneous,
sedimentary and even
metamorphic rocks.
 Examples:

Name Origin

Slate Clay or shale ( sedimentary )

Gneiss Granite ( igneous )

Quartzite Sandstone ( sedimentary )

TYPE OF ROCK PROCESS OF PROPERTIES
FORMATION

IGNEOUS Cooling and hardening >can have large crystal

of molten rock and a coarse-grained
texture ( intrusive )
>can have small crystal
and a fine grained
texture ( extrusive )

SEDIMENTARY Weathering, >may contain animal or

sedimentation, plants remains
deposition and >has a layered
cementation appearance

METAMORPHIC Tremendous heat and >dense or compact

pressure, chemical > Hard and strong
change