CELL ORGANELLES

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS

 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Nucleus • Double membrane- • Responsible for
bound structure controlling all
which consists of a cellular
nuclear envelope, activities as well
chromatin, and as a center for
nucleolus genetic
materials, and
it’s transferring
 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Cell • Consists of a phospholipid • Provides
Membrane bilayer along with two types of mechanical support
proteins viz. embedded proteins that facilities the
and peripheral proteins that shape of the cell
function in providing shape and while enclosing the
allowing the movement of cell and its
particles in and out of the cell components from
the external
environment
• Regulates what
can be allowed to
enter and exit the
cell through
channels, acting as
 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Mitochondrion • Double membrane-bound • Responsible for the
cell organelles which contains supply and storage of
two membranes with the energy for the cell
outer layer being smooth
while the inner layer is
marked with folding and
finger-like structures called
cristae
 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Smooth • Lacks ribosomes • Has a function
Endoplasmic during lipid
Reticulum synthesis

Rough • With ribosomes • Involved in

Endoplasmic attached on the protein synthesis
Reticulum cytosolic face of
Endoplasmic Reticulum
 CELL STRUCTURE
ORGANELLE
Golgi Apparatus • Membrane-bound organelle
found in eukaryotic cells
(cells with clearly defined
nuclei) that is made up of a
series of flattened stacked
pouches called cisternae
FUNCTION
• Has an essential
purpose of directing
proteins and lipids to
their destination and
thus, act as the “traffic
police” of the cell
 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Lysosome • Membrane-bound • Responsible for
organelles that occur in the intracellular digestion
cytoplasm of animal cell; where the larger
granular or spherical macromolecules are
degraded into smaller
molecules with the
help of enzymes
present in them
CELL ORGANELLE STRUCTURE FUNCTION

Cytoplasm • Consists of a cytosol; a gel-like • Most of the vital

substance that contains other
matter; cell organelles; smaller cell-
like bodies bound by separate
membranes; and cytoplasmic
inclusions; insoluble molecules that
store energy and are not
surrounded by any layer.
cellular and enzymatic
reactions like cellular
respiration and
translation of mRNA
into proteins occur in
the cytoplasm
• The process called
cytoplasmic streaming
helps in the distribution
of various nutrients and
facilitates the
movement of cell
organelles within the
cell
 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Chloroplast • Membrane-bound • Cite of
organelles that occur in the photosynthesis.
cytoplasm of plant cell. Produces the food that
the plants need.
 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Centriole and •made up of 9 microtubules • Helps or aids animal
Spindle fibers cell during cell division
through producing
spindle fibers that are
attaching to the
chromosomes during
metaphase
 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Ribosome A ribosome is a complex complex molecular
of RNA and protein and machine found
is, therefore, known as a inside the living
ribonucleoprotein. It is cells that produce
composed of two proteins from
subunits – smaller and amino acids during
larger. a process called
protein synthesis
or translation. The
process of protein
synthesis is a
primary function,
which is performed
by all living cells.
 CELL STRUCTURE FUNCTION
ORGANELLE
Cell Wall Varies its composition maintenance of the cell
structure and shape. The wall
depending on the type of is rigid, so it protects the cell
organism. and its contents.
ASSIGNMENT
Differentiate plant and animal
cell.
What are the organelles present
and not present in each cell type?
Thank youuu! 