MINERAL

S
 Objectives
• identify the • Differentiate minerals
examples of based on their
minerals; properties; and
• explain the • develop awareness on
the importance of
different
minerals around us.
characteristics of
minerals;
WHAT IS
A
MINERAL
?
MINER
•AL
It is a naturally occuring,
inorganic solid substances
with specific chemical
compositions and ordered
atomic structures.
• are the building blocks of
rocks.
mINERALOG
IST
• a person who studies minerals

mINERALOG
yminerals, including their
• the study of all aspects of

physical properties, chemical

position, & internal structure.
 characteristics of minerals:

01 02
• NATURALLY • INORGANIC-means
OCCURING- term a substance is not a
which identifi es mineral product of an
as part of earth’s
organism.
natural processes.
 characteristics of minerals:

03 04
• HOMOGENOUS • DEFINITE CHEMICAL
SOLID- minerals should COMPOSITION-
have defi nite volume represented a chemical
and rigid shape. formula.
characteristics of minerals:

05
• ORDERLY CRYSTALLINE
STRUCTURE- atoms of
minerals are arranged in
an orderly and repeating
patt ern.
 SECTILITY
COLOR CLEAVAG
E
PROPERTIES OF
HARDNE MINERALS STREAK
SS
LUSTER TENACITY
TRANSPARENC
Y
 COLOR
•Mineral’s color
may change
depending on
the surface.
 streak
•Color of
mineral in
powdered form.
 hardness
•Minerals
resistance to
scratching.
 Mohs scale
• The Mohs Scale was introduced in
1822.
• It originated when Friedrich Mohs
chose ten minerals and assigned
numbers to them based on the relative
ease of difficulty in which stone can be
scratched by another.
 cleavage
•Mineral’s
resistance to
being broken
and fracture.
cleavage
 transparency
•Ability to allow
light pass through it.
This is aff ected by
chemical makeup of
the mineral sample.
 transparent

Quartz Selenite
 translucent

Fluorite Moonstone
 opaque

Pyrite Hermatite
luster
•how light is
refl ected off a
surface.
 TENACI
TY
•Describes the
minerals
reaction to stress.
 TENACI
TY
 BRITTLENESS
 MALLEABILTY
 DUCTILITY
 FLEXIBLE AND INELASTIC
 FLEXIBLE AND ELASTIC
 BRITTLENES
S
•A mineral turns into
powder.
malleability
•A mineral can be fl attened by
pounding with a hammer.
 ductility
•A mineral can be
stretched into wire.
Flexible and inelastic
•Are bent but they remain in
the new position.
Flexible and elastic
•Are bent, and they
bring back to their
original position.
 sectility
•The ability of
minerals to be
sliced by a knife .
THANK
YOU
VERY
MUCH