INTRODUCTION

 Waste management is all those activities & action

required to manage waste from its inception to its final
disposal.
 This includes amongst other things, treatment &
disposal of waste together with &
monitoring
regulating.
It also encompasses the legal & regulatory
framework
the relates to waste encompassing
management guidance on recycling etc.
Waste is being generated everywhere.
 Waste comes from our homes, school,
hospitals,
industries, agriculture & commercial places.
Waste includes all items that people no longer have
any use for, which they either intend to get rid of
or have already discarded. I includes any material
which is not needed by the owner, producer or
processor.

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 What are wastes?

Waste (also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, junk,

litter, and ort) is unwanted or useless materials. in biology
waste is any of the many unwanted substances or
toxins that are expelled from living organisms, metabolic
waste; such as urea and sweat.
Basel convention definition of wastes
“substances or objects which are disposal of or are intended
to be disposal of or are required to be disposal of by the
provisions of the law”
Disposal means
“any operation which may lead to resource recovery,
recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses (Annex
IVB of the Basel convention)”

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 Kinds of wastes

• Solids wastes
• Waste in solid forms, domestic, commercial and industrial
wastes.
• Example: plastics, Styrofoam, containers, bottles, cans etc.
• Liquid wastes
• Wastes in liquid form
• Example: domestic washing, chemicals, oils, waste water
from ponds, manufacturing industries etc.

• Classification of wastes according to their

properties
1. Bio-degradable.
2. Non-biodegradable.

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 Classification of wastes
according to their origin and
type ….

1.Municipal solid wastes.

2.Bio-medical wastes.
3.Industrial wastes.
4.Agricultural wastes.
5.Fishery wastes.
6.Radioactive wastes.
7.E-wastes.

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 Magnitude of problem: Indian
scenario

Per capita waste generation increasing by 1.3%

per annum.
With urban population increasing btw 3-3.5% per
annum.
Yearly increase in waste generation is around 5%
annually.
Indian produces more than 42.0 million tons of
municipal solid waste annually.
Per capita generation of waste varies from 200
gm to 600 gm per capita/day. Average generation
rate at 0.4% kg per capita per day in 0.1 million
plus towns.

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IMPACTS OF WASTE IF NOT MANAGED
WISELY
 Affects our health.
 Affects our socio-economic conditions.
 Affects our coastal and marine environment.
 Affects our climate.
 GHGs are accumulating in earth’s atmosphere
as a result of human activities, causing global
mean surface air temperature and subsurface
ocean temperature.
 Rising global temperature are expected to raise
sea level and change precipitation and other
local climate condition.
 Changing regional climates could alter forests,
crop yields, and water supplies.
 This could also affect human, animals, and
many type of ecosystem.
 Desert might expand into existing rangelands,
and features of some of our national parks
might be permanently altered.
.

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 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

1.Composting.
2.Incineration.
3.Vermi-composting.
4.Anaerobic digestion & Bio
methanation.
5. Pyrolysis/PPS/Plasma Arc Process.

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LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT

1.Sewage Sludge Management.

2.Vacuum Trucks.
3.Septic Tanks.
4.Reed Beds.
5.Pit Emptying
6.Faecal Sludge Management.

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 Waste hierarchy

Waste hierarchy refers to 3Rs

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

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 The 3 R’s
Reuse
Reuse envelopes.
Reuse single-sided paper for scratch paper.
Reuse foam peanuts & other packing material.
Use remanufactured or surplus office equipment.
Use rechargeable batteries.

Reduce
Make double sided copies.
Circulate memos, document & periodicals.
Use durable cups & silverware.
Proof-read documents on the computer screen.
Purchase merchandise with minimal packing or
order in bulk.
Read periodicals online.

Recycle
Saves limited natural resources.
Prevents greenhouse gas emissions & water
pollution.
Provides raw materials for industry & creates
jobs. 11

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INDIAN’ S INITIATIVES TOWARDS WASTE
MANAGEMENT

1.Swachh bharat abhiyan was launched

by the government of India to solve
the problem of sanitation and waste
management in India by ensuring
hygiene across the country. The main
aim of the project is to create
sanitation facilities for all and
provide every rural family in 2019.

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 Advantage and disadvantage of
waste management

ADVANTAGE

I. Practice is highly lucrative.

II. Keeps the environment clean and fresh.
III.Saves the earth and conserve energy.
IV. Reduces environmental pollution.
V. Waste management will help you earn money.
VI. Creates employments.

DISADVANTAGE

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 CONCLUSION

It is found that with increase in the global

population & the rising demand for food & other
essential, there has been a rise in the amount of
waste being generated daily by each household.
waste that is not properly managed, especially
excreta & other liquid & solid waste from
households and the community, are a serious
health hazard and lead to the spread of infection
diseases.

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