CAMBRIDGE IGCSE O LEVEL

MATHEMATICS 0580

PREPARED BY: SHAH MUHAMMMAD NAYEEM

 TOPIC – 4
“GEOMETRY”

SUB TOPIC – 4.7

‘CIRCLE THEOREMS’
 Defining A CIRCLE
• CIRCLE – A circle is a closed two-dimensional
geometrical figure in which the set of all the
points in the plane is equidistant from a given
point called the “centre”.
CIRCLE – An Alternative Definition
• Circle is defined as the locus of points
equidistant from a fixed point called the
centre.
CIRCLE – All Basic Terms
 Theorem – 1
• The perpendicular drawn from the center to
a chord bisects the chord.
 Theorem – 2
• The chords of a circle, having the same
perpendicular distance from the center, are
equal in length.
 Theorem – 3
• Two radii and the common chord makes an
isosceles triangle.
 Theorem – 4
• The angle which an arc of a circle subtends
at the centre is twice the angle which the
same arc subtends at any point on the
circumference.
 Theorem – 5
• The angles subtended by the same arc at
different points in the circumference are
equal.
 Theorem – 6
• The angle subtended by the diameter at any
point on the circumference is equal to 90˚.
 Theorem – 7
• The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
are supplementary (i.e. the opposite angles
add up to 180˚).
 Theorem – 8
• The exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is
equal to opposite interior angle.
 Theorem – 9
• The angle between a tangent and the radius
is equal to 90˚.
 Theorem – 10
• The tangents drawn from an external point
to a circle are equal in length.
 Theorem – 11
• The angle between a tangent and a chord in
one segment of the circle is equal to the
angle subtended by the same chord in the
alternate segment of the circle.
 Theorem – 12
• When two chords of a circle intersect within
the circle, the product of the segments of
one chord is equal to the product of the
segments of the other chord.
 Theorem – 13
• If two secant segments are drawn to a circle
from an exterior point, then the product of
the measures of one secant segment and its
external secant segment is equal to the
product of the measures of the other secant
segment and its external secant segment
 Theorem – 14
• If a secant and a tangent are drawn to a
circle from the same external point to a
circle then the product of the secant and the
external secant segment is equal to the
square of the tangent.