Hello chemist

Can you guess what’s the object is?

Phases of Matter
Solids have a definite shape, as well as mass and volume, and do not conform to the shape of the container in
which they are placed. Solids also have a high density, meaning that the particles are tightly packed together

Liquid particles are more loosely packed than in a solid and are able to flow around each other, giving the liquid
an indefinite shape. Therefore, the liquid will conform to the shape of its container.

Gas particles have a great deal of space between them and have high kinetic energy. A gas has no definite shape
or volume. If unconfined, the particles of a gas will spread out indefinitely; if confined, the gas will expand to fill its
container.

Plasma is not a common state of matter here on Earth, but it may be the most common state of matter in the
universe, according to the Jefferson Laboratory. Stars are essentially superheated balls of plasma.

Bose-Einstein condensate BEC is used to study quantum mechanics on a macroscopic level. Light appears to
slow down as it passes through a BEC, allowing scientists to study the particle/wave paradox. A BEC also has
many of the properties of a superfluid
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

● color (intensive)
● density (intensive)
● volume (extensive)
● mass (extensive)
● boiling point (intensive): the temperature at which a
substance boils
● melting point (intensive): the temperature at which a
substance melts
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
● Heat of combustion is the energy released when a compound undergoes complete
combustion (burning) with oxygen. The symbol for the heat of combustion is ΔH c.
● Chemical stability refers to whether a compound will react with water or air
(chemically stable substances will not react). Hydrolysis and oxidation are two such
reactions and are both chemical changes.
● Flammability refers to whether a compound will burn when exposed to flame. Again,
burning is a chemical reaction—commonly a high-temperature reaction in the
presence of oxygen.
● The preferred oxidation state is the lowest-energy oxidation state that a metal will
undergo reactions in order to achieve (if another element is present to accept or
donate electrons).
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE

Physical change only change the appearance of a

substance not its chemical composition while Chemical
change cause a substance to change into an entirely new
substance with a new chemical formula.
Methods of Separating Mixtures

● Chromatography involves solvent separation on a solid

medium.
● Distillation takes advantage of differences in boiling points.
● Evaporation removes a liquid from a solution to leave a solid
material.
● Filtration separates solids of different sizes.