LINEAR

MOMENTUM
&

IMPULSE
Mrs. Xian Buensalida-Catuday
 LINEAR MOMENTUM
It is the measure of how hard it is to stop a moving
object, and it depends on the object’s velocity and
mass which are directly proportional to each other.

Unit of measure: kg m/s

 LINEAR MOMENTUM
All object have mass; so if an object is moving, then it has
momentum – it has its mass in motion

 How much matter is moving? - mass  How fast the matter is moving? - velocity

 A bus can have a large momentum even if it’s moving very slowly, because it has a
large mass.
 A bullet can have a large momentum even if it has a small mass, because it is
moving at high velocity.
 If an object is at rest, it has no momentum – no matter how large it’s mass.
 IMPULSE
It is the change in momentum.

Unit of measure: Ns or kg m/s

1. A deer with a mass of 146 kg is
running head on toward you with a
speed of 17 m/s. You are going
north. Find the momentum of the
deer.
2. The face of a golf club exerts an
average force of 4000N for 0.002s.
What is the impulse imparted to the
ball?
3. A school bus traveling at 40 km/hr has a momentum of 152,625 kg
m/s. What is the mass of the bus?
4. A 8.0 kg mass has its velocity change from 8.0 m/s east to 2.0 m/s east.
Find the objects change in momentum.
5. Find the momentum of an 8kg ball rolling in a straight line at a
speed of 0.2 m/s and 4 kg ball rolling along the same path at a speed of
1.0 m/s? Which would take more force to stop in 10 seconds?
5. An 15kg object is moving at 3m/s, a) find the initial momentum b) if
the force of -7N acts for 4s find the final momentum, c) what is the
final velocity.
 MOMENTUM
 It states that the net momentum of an
isolated system cannot be change.
 Momentum is conserved from interacting
objects and that is Collision of Objects.
 COLLISION
PERFECTLY ELASTIC PERFECTLY INELASTIC
objects that collide move separately after collision objects that collide move together after collision

Total momentum and total energy of the system are conserved

Kinetic energy is conserved Kinetic energy is not conserved

m v + m v =m v’ + m v’ m v + m v =(m +m ) v’
1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2
m – mass of 1st object m – mass of 2nd object m – mass of 1st object m – mass of 2nd object
1 2 1 2

v – Vi of 1st object v ’ – Vi of 2 object

nd
v – Vi of 1st object v’– Vf of 2nd object
1 1 1
v – Vf of 1st object v ’– Vf of 2nd object v – Vf of 1st object
2 2 2
1. A 0.25kg ball strikes a 1.25kg ball at rest. After the collision, the
0.25kg ball is moving with a velocity of 18 m/s and the second ball
is moving with a velocity of 9 m/s. What is the initial of the first
ball?
m = 0.25 kg v =? v ’ = 18 m/s
1 1 1
m = 1.25kg v = 0 m/s v ’= 9 m/s
2 2 2

m v + m v = m v’ + m v’
1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
(0.25) V + (1.25)(0) = (0.25)(18) + (1.25)(9)
1
(0.25) V = (0.25)(18) + (1.25)(9)
1

(0.25) V1 (0.25)(18) + (1.25)(9)

=
(0.25) (0.25)
V = 63 m/s
1
2. A 12kg ball moving at 37m/s strikes a ball at rest. After the
collision the 12kg ball is moving with a velocity of 19m/s and the
second ball is moving with a velocity of 4m/s. what is the mass of
the second ball?
m = 12 kg v = 37m/s v ’ = 19 m/s
1 1 1
m = ? kg v = 0 m/s v ’= 4 m/s
2 2 2

m v + m v = m v’ + m v’
1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
(12) (37) + M (0) = (12)(19) + M (4)
2 2
(12) (37) = (12)(19) + 4M
2
(12) (37) - (12)(19) 4M2
=
4 4

M = 54 kg
2
3. A 2200kg car moving at 30m/s and a 1300kg car moving at 23
m/s in precisely opposite directions participate in a head on crash.
If we consider this event to be inelastic collision, what is the
velocity of the cars after the impact?
m = 2200 kg v = 30m/s v ’ = ? m/s
1 1 1
m = 1300 kg v = 23 m/s v ’= ? m/s
2 2 2

m v + m v = (m + m ) v’
1 1 2 2 1 2
(2200) (30) + (1300) (-23) = (2200 + 1300) V’
36100 = 3500V ’
36100 3500 V ’
=
3500 3500
V’= 10.31 m/s
4. A 1700 kg van was moving at 18m/s when it was involved in a head on
collision with a 1500kg truck moving in the opposite direction. The van
came to stop and the truck followed the initial direction of the van with 5
m/s after the collision. Find V2.
m = 1700 kg v = 18m/s v ’ = 0 m/s
1 1 1
m = 1500 kg v = ? m/s v ’= 5 m/s
2 2 2

m v + m v = m v’ + m v’
1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
(1700) (18) + (1500) V = (1700)(0) + (1500)(5)
2

30600 + 1500 V = 7500

2

1500 V2 7500 - 30600

=
1500 1500
V = -15.4 m/s
2