SRI SAI COLLAGE OF ENGINEERING

& TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC- Creep Fundamental And characteristics. Concept Of Fatigue Of

Material And Impact Test.

 COURSE – B.TECH
 TRADE – CIVIL ENGINEERING
 ROLLO NO.- 2206733
 SEMESTER- IV
 TOPIC – CREEP AND FATIGUE
 SUBMITTED BY – ARCHIT GULERIA
 SUBMITTED TO – DR. ANCHAL SHARMA
Introduction to Creep and Fatigue

Creep is the time-dependent deformation of a

material under constant load or stress.

Fatigue is the weakening of a material due to

repetitive loading and unloading.

Both phenomena are crucial in understanding

the behavior of materials under different
conditions.
Creep Characteristics

Creep occurs at elevated temperatures and is

influenced by factors such as stress level,
temperature, and time.

Primary creep involves a decreasing creep rate,

while secondary creep shows a constant creep
rate.

Tertiary creep leads to accelerated deformation

and eventual failure of the material.
Creep Mechanisms

Diffusion plays a significant role in creep by

allowing atoms to rearrange and accommodate
deformation.

Dislocation movement and recovery processes

also contribute to creep deformation.

Understanding these mechanisms is essential

for predicting material behavior over time.
Fatigue Concept

Fatigue failure is characterized by the

propagation of cracks due to cyclic loading.

Fatigue life is the number of loading cycles a

material can withstand before failure.

Factors such as stress amplitude, mean stress,

and material properties influence fatigue
behavior.
Fatigue Testing

Fatigue tests involve subjecting a specimen to

cyclic loading until failure occurs.

S-N curves depict the relationship between

stress amplitude and fatigue life.

Different testing methods, such as axial,

bending, and torsion tests, are used to evaluate
fatigue properties.
Impact Test Overview

Impact tests assess a material's ability to

withstand sudden loading or shock.

Charpy and Izod tests are common impact test

methods used to measure a material's toughness.

Impact testing provides valuable information on

a material's resistance to sudden loading
conditions.
Impact Test Procedure

In an impact test, a standardized specimen is

struck by a pendulum or hammer.

The energy absorbed by the specimen during

fracture is measured to determine toughness.

Impact test results help in evaluating material

suitability for applications involving sudden
loading.
Impact Test Applications

Impact testing is crucial in industries such as

automotive, aerospace, and construction.

It helps in assessing the crashworthiness of

structures and components.

Impact test results influence material selection

and design considerations for impact-prone
applications.
Creep and Fatigue Relationship

Creep and fatigue can interact in certain

applications, leading to accelerated material
degradation.

Understanding the combined effects of creep

and fatigue is essential for designing durable
components.

Proper material selection, design optimization,

and maintenance practices can mitigate creep-
fatigue interactions.
Conclusion

Creep, fatigue, and impact testing are essential

aspects of material behavior analysis.

By studying these phenomena, engineers can

predict material performance and ensure
structural integrity.

Continuous research and advancements in

testing methodologies contribute to enhancing
material durability and reliability.
References

Callister, William D., and David G. Rethwisch.

Materials Science and Engineering: An
Introduction. John Wiley & Sons, 2011.

Dieter, George E. Mechanical Metallurgy.

McGraw-Hill Education, 1986.

ASTM International. Standard Test Methods for

Impact Testing of Metallic Materials. ASTM
International, 2016.