Theorems of Trapezoid

REVIEW
1. What is trapezoid?

2. What is the difference between the

trapezoids to other quadrilaterals?
 MIDLINE THEOREM
• The segment whose endpoints
are the midpoints of two sides
of a triangle is parallel to and
half as long as the third side.
 A

O G S

T Y
E

M 14 N

D F
ACTIVIT
Y
Theorems of Trapezoid
Trapezoid
A B
A trapezoid is a
quadrilateral with
exactly one pair of
parallel sides. The
parallel sides are the
bases. A trapezoid has
two pairs of base D C
angles.
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Trapezoid
• The parallel sides
are called the bases.
• The nonparallel
sides are called the
legs.
• A trapezoid has two
pairs of base angles.
MIDSEGMENT THEOREM

The segment that connects the midpoints of its

legs.
MEDIAN = ½ ()

– MIDSEGMENT/MEDIAN
MIDSEGMENT THEOREM

Theorem 6. The median of a trapezoid is parallel

to each base and its length is one half the sum of
the lengths of the bases.
 Example :1
If AB = 8 and DC =12. What if EF?
Solution:
= ½ (AB + DC)
= ½ (8 + 12)
= ½ (20)

= 10
 Example :2
If AB = 13 and DC = 15. What is
EF? 13
Solution:
= ½ (AB + DC)
= ½ (13 + 15)
15
= ½ (28)

= 14
If IJ = y + 3, HG = 14 Example :3
and EF = 18.
What is the value of y?
What is IJ?
= ½ (HG + EF)

Answer: y = 13, = 16
Isosceles Trapezoid

A trapezoid with
congruent legs.
Theorems on Isosceles Trapezoid

Theorem 7. The base angles of an isosceles

trapezoid are congruent.
Theorem 8. Opposite angles of an isosceles
trapezoid are supplementary.
Theorem 9. The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid
are congruent.
 Example :1
Find m∠D
Since the base angles of an
isosceles trapezoid are congruent,

∠D = 100°
 Example :2
If KB = 15, JB = 5, find FM.

KB + JB FM
15 + 5 FM
FM = 20
 Example :3
Find m∠F, m∠E and m∠G.
131°
∠F + ∠H = 180° 131°

∠F + 49° = 180°
∠F = 180° - 49° 49°
∠F = 131°
GENERALIZATION

What is trapezoid?
Trapezoid
A B
A trapezoid is a
quadrilateral with
exactly one pair
of parallel sides.
D C

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 GENERALIZATION

What is the midsegment theorem in

trapezoid?
MIDSEGMENT THEOREM

Theorem 6. The median of a trapezoid is parallel

to each base and its length is one half the sum of
the lengths of the bases.
 GENERALIZATION

What are the different theorems in

isosceles trapezoid?
Theorems on Isosceles Trapezoid

Theorem 7. The base angles of an isosceles

trapezoid are congruent.
Theorem 8. Opposite angles of an isosceles
trapezoid are supplementary.
Theorem 9. The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid
are congruent.
 APPLICATION
Divide the class into 5 groups. Each group will
draw a trapezoid, the teacher will provide each
group with a sheet of chart paper and marker.
They have assigned theorem to prove. They will
measure it using their ruler (in cm.) and they can
explain their output in the class.
Group 1 – Midsegment Theorem
Group 2 – Midsegment Theorem
Group 3 – Theorem 7
Group 4 – Theorem 8
Group 5 – Theorem 9
 QUIZ
Direction: Solve the following.
1. 2.
 QUIZ
Direction: Solve the following.
3. 4.
 QUIZ
Direction: Solve the following.
5.
 ASSIGNMENT
Directions: Given at the right is an Isosceles
Trapezoid. BD=7x and CA=2x+5. Find

1. the value of x
2. BD
3. CA