Lesson 1:

Matter and its

Properties
Goals for this lesson:

a. I will be able to describe the particulate nature of the different

forms of matter
b. I will be able to classify the properties of matter
c. I will be able to differentiate pure substance and mixtures;
elements and compounds;
homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
d. I will be able to recognize the formulas of some common
substances
e. I will be able to discuss methods to separate the components of
a mixtures
f. I will be able to recognize chemical substances present in some
consumer products
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 Keywords for the concepts to be
learned
a. Atoms k. Intensive properties
b. Chemical properties l. Ions
c. Compounds m. Liquid
d. Distillation n. Magnetic separation
e. Elements o. Mixtures
f. Extensive properties p. Molecules
g. Filtration q. Physical properties
h. Gas r. Pure substances
i. Heterogeneous mixtures s. Solid
j. Homogeneous mixtures 1-3
What is Chemistry?
The study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

What is matter?
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.

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 Motivation

Two 60-mL plastic syringes with the needle removed

and replaced by a seal. One syringe contains a small
block of wood, while the other contains entrapped air.
The plunger is set to touch the wood block.

What will happen if the plunger will be pushed down

the syringe?
Why is it easier to compress the entrapped air than the
wood block? 5
 Fill-up using the keywords given.

How do the following particles differ from each other?

a. Atoms
b. Molecules
c. Ions
 Fill-up using the keywords given.

Illustrate how the particles are distributed or arranged in

each state of matter using circles.
How separated are the particles in each state of matter?
How free are the particles to move in each state of
matter?
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 Classify the following substances
according to the three states of matter:
a. Iron nail a. Solid
b. Sugar b. Solid
c. Syrup c. Liquid
d. Air d. Gas
e. Ice e. Solid
f. Alcohol f. Liquid

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 Fill-up using the keywords given.

What is the difference between physical properties and

chemical properties?
How do the extensive properties differ from the
intensive properties?
 Classify the following examples as
physical or chemical properties:
a. Melting of ice a. Physical property
b. Evaporation of water b. Physical property
c. Rusting c. Chemical property
d. Digestion d. Chemical property

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 Classify the following examples as
intensive or extensive properties:
a. Boiling point a. Intensive property
b. Weight b. Extensive property
c. Volume c. Extensive property
d. Density d. Intensive property

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 Fill-up using the keywords given.

How do pure substances differ from mixtures?

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 Which of the following are pure
substances and which are mixtures?
a. Table sugar a. Pure substance
b. Table salt b. Pure substance
c. Iodized salt c. Mixture
d. Brown sugar d. Mixture
e. Distilled water e. Pure substance
f. Soft drinks f. Mixture
g. Oxygen gas (in tank) g. Pure substance
h. Human breath h. Mixture

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What is the difference between elements and
compounds? Give examples of each.

What is the difference between homogeneous and

heterogeneous mixtures?
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 Which of the following are homogeneous
mixtures? Which are heterogeneous mixtures?

a. Rubbing alcohol a. Homogeneous mixture

b. Mixture of water and oil
c. Mixture of salt and
pepper
d. Carbonated soft drink
e. Human breath
b. Heterogeneous mixture
c. Heterogeneous mixture
d. Homogeneous mixture
e. Homogeneous mixture

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 Fill-up using the keywords given.

Give three common ways to separate the components of

a mixture?
When can each method be used in separating the
components of a mixture?
• Filtration: to separate a solid from a liquid in a
heterogeneous mixture using a filtering membrane, like
paper or cloth
• Distillation: to separate a liquid in a homogeneous
mixture
• Magnetic separation: to separate a magnetic solid
from a heterogeneous mixture
• Decantation: to separate a solid from a liquid in a
heterogeneous mixture based on gravity
• Sublimation: to separate a volatile solid from a non-
volatile solid 20
How can the following components of the
following mixtures be separated?
a. Salt from salt water a. Heating to evaporate the
b. Salt from a mixture of water
iron and salt b. By adding water to
dissolve the salt, and filter
or decant to separate the
iron.

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