ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE

OBJECTIVES
.DEFINE ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
.DISCUSS MODE OF ACTION
.DISCUSS THE EFFECTIVENESS
.DISCUSS THE INDICATION
.DISCUSS THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVATAGES
 ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
• ALSO KNOWN AS BIRTH CONTROL PILLS,THEY
ARE SAFE AND RELIABLE OPTION FOR
PREVENTING UNWANTED PREGNANCY
• THIS COMBINED ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE IS
JUST AS CALLED THE PILL.IT CONTAIN
ARTIFICIAL VERSIONS OF FEMALE HORMONE
OESTROGEN AND PROGESTRONE ,WHICH
WOMEN PRODUCE NATURALLY IN THEIR
OVARIES
 MODE OF ACTION
.COMPINED ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ACT
MAINLY BY INHIBILITY OVULATION.THEY ALSO
CAUSE CERVICAL MUCUS THICKNENING
MAKING IT DIFFICULT FOR A SPERM TO PASS
INTO UTERINE CAVITY AND MOVE TOWARDS
THE FALLOPIAN TUBEA
 EFFECTIVENESS
• EFFECTIVENESS OF THE METHOD DEPENDS ON THE
USER
• RISK OF PREGNANCY IS GREATEST WHEN NEW PILL
PACK IS STARTED 3 OR MORE DAYS AFTER THE
ONSET OF A PEROID OR IF A WOMEN MISSE 3 OR
MORE PILLS NEAR THE BEGINNING OR END OF A
PILL PACK
• A)AS COMMONLY USED,ABOUT 8 PREGNACIES PER
100 WOMEN USINGCOCS WILL NOT BECOME
PREGNANT.
 CONT...
• B)WHEN NO PILL-TAKING MISTAKES ARE
MADE,LESS THAN 1 PREGNANCYPER WOMEN
USING CoCs OVER THE FIRST YEAR(3 PER,100
WOMEN)WILL OCCUR
• C)THERE IS NO DELAY IN RETURN OF FERTILITY
AFTER CoCs ARE STOPPED.
• D)CoCs DO NOT PROTECT AGAINST SEXUALY
TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS(STIs)
 INDICATIONS
CAN BE USED BY ANY WOMEN WHO REQUEST THEM
AFTER APPROPRIATE COUNSELING AND REACH AN
INFORMED DESISION AND WHO DOES NOT HAVE ANY
CONTRAIDICATION(a condition that place a categoty of
who medical eligibity criteria)to their use
MAY BE PARTICULARLY APPROPRIATE FOR A WOMEN
WHO WISH TO USE HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIO AND
WHO
A )WHO WANTS HIGHLY METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION
 CONT...
• B)ARE MOTIVATED AND WILLING TO USE A
METHOD WHICH REQUIRE ACTION DAILY;AND
WILL BE ABLE TO OBTAIN SUPPLIES ON A
CONTINOUS BASIS
• C)MAY BENEFIT FROM ONE OR MORE OF THE
SECONDARY PROTECTIVE HEALTH HEALTH
EFFECTS OF CoC WOULD APPLY TO A WOMEN
WHO HAVE
*ANEMIA FROM HEAVY MENSTRUAL BLEDDING
 CONT...

• A HISTORYOF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

• PAINFUL MENSTRUAL PERIODS
• FAMILY HISTORY OF OVARIAN CANCER
 ADVANTAGES
• IT IS AN EFFECTIVE WAY TO PREVENT
PREGNANCY(IF ONE FOLLOWS THE INSTRUCTIONS
CORRECTLY,IT GIVES ONE GREATE PROTECTION
AGAINST PREGNANCY)
• PREVENTS CYTS IN BREAST AND OVARIES
• PILLS CAN MAKE ONE’”S PERIODS BETTER.( LOTS
OF PEOPLE LIKE THE PILL BECAUSE IT MAKES THEIR
PERIODS REGULAR AND EASY TO PREDIT.ALSO THE
HORMONE IN THE PILL CAN REDUCE MENSTRUAL
CRAMPS
 CONT...
• REDUCES ACHE
DISADVANTAGES OF ORAL CONTACEPTIVES

• CAUSES TEMPORARY SIDE EFFECTS AT FIRST

SUCH AS HEADACHE,NAUSEA,MOOD SWINGS
• CAUSES BLOODCLOT,CERVICAL CANCER BUT
AT LOW RISKS
• DOES NOT PROTECT AGAINST SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS.