NATURE, ELEMENTS

& PROCESS of
COMMUNICATION
Let’s begin!!!! 
 Communicator yarn?
Let’s warm up: A SELF-AUDIT
USUALLY SOME- SELDOM NEVER
TIMES
1. I communicate to convey
messages and express my ideas.
2. I understand communication as a
process.
3. I can distinguish the features of the
communication process.
4. I can differentiate the models of
communication.
5. I effectively convey a message
both in words and actions.
 Communicator yarn?
Let’s warm up: A SELF-AUDIT
USUALLY SOME- SELDOM NEVER
TIMES

6. I can identify the elements of

communication.

7. I can explain the cause of

communication breakdown.

8. I use strategies to avoid

communication breakdown.

9. I know the functions of

communication.

10. I consider myself a good

communicator.
 Communication – The What?!

MULTIPLE
A PROCESS
01 - An exchange of messages that
goes from one element to
04 PARTICIPANTS
- The speaker and the receiver
another

HAS ELEMENTS A SOCIAL ASPECT

02 - Verbal and nonverbal 05 -defined by relationships via
language use
expression

COMES in MODELS SPEAKING &

03 - Describes the process and 06 LISTENING
system of how it works. - You don’t just respond. You
understand to respond.
- The relationships of communicators affect the
way they interact and through the social
aspect, successful communication happens
because people agree on the meaning of
words and expressions.
- For example : People have to agree that the
phrase “let the cat out of the bag” is an idiom
which means “to reveal a secret” so that they
can understand each other when they use the
idiom.
 ELEMENTS of
COMMUNICATION

1111 1. SPEAKER - Thesource of

information or message

1111 2. MESSAGE
-The information, ideas or
thoughts conveyed by
the speaker in words or
actions
1111 3. ENCODING -Theprocess of converting the
message into words, actions or
other forms that the speaker
understands
-The medium or means such as personal or
non-personal, verbal or nonverbal in which
the encoded message is conveyed:
1111 4. CHANNEL
- AUDITORY (sound) – receipt and
Two types: interpretation of info through:
1. Tone
2. Volume
3. Pitch of the speaker’s voice
1111 4. CHANNEL - VISUAL (light) – receipt and
interpretation of info through:
1. Hand gestures
2. Bodily movements
3. Facial movements

NOISE – disrupts transmission of

messages and prevents interpretation
Three (3) types:
1.EXTERNAL NOISE – from the physical
environment (ringing phone, passing vehicle)
2. INTERNAL NOISE – fr. within the
communicator: physiological/biological (hearing loss
or illness)
- psychological noise
(worrying or daydreaming)
3. SEMANTIC – unintentional misunderstanding
caused by ambiguity, ethnic slurs, profanity and
vulgar speech
Ex: “pack his briefs” (documents) could cause
misinterpretation to others as underwear
 -The process of
DECODING
1111 5.
interpreting the encoded
message of the speaker
by the receiver

1111 6. RECEIVER The recipient of the

-

message or someone
who decodes the
message
11 7. FEEDBACK

- The reactions, responses or

information provided by the receiver
- Can be verbal or nonverbal such as
murmuring, clapping or giving a
standing ovation
- Can tell whether the message is
received or not and how it is
interpreted and understood
8. CONTEXT
- The environment where
communication takes place
that affect how people
understand the message

- Is classified into five types (5):

8. CONTEXT

A. Physical context – includes the

setting, time of interaction, the
environmental conditions such as
(temperature, lighting, noise
level), distance among
communicators, the seating
arrangement and other concrete
elements
What is our physical context?
8. CONTEXT

B. Social context – nature of

relationships existing between or
among communicators and sets
the formality of the interaction;
how messages are formed,
shared and understood
depending on circles of family,
friends, colleagues or strangers.
Our
social
context?
8. CONTEXT

C. Psychological – communicators’
moods and feelings
Ex: Jokes can either amuse or anger
someone depending on his/her present
mood.
- Being sensitive with others is
always a must for effective
communication.
Are we on the
same
psychological
context?
8. CONTEXT

D. Cultural– beliefs, values and

norms shared by a large group of
people.
- Bec. of this context, people who
share the same race and culture
interact easily while varying
cultures pose a challenge in
interaction.
 How do we still
understand one another
despite varying cultures?

ALAS! WE ARE
BREAKING BARRIERS!
8. CONTEXT

E. Historical– involves the

background provided by
previous interactions between
or among communicators
which affect understanding of
the current exchange.
“Anong nangyari sa ating dalawa?”
 The
Communication
Process
Let’s explore how as
simple as talking
undergoes different
stages.
 • The speaker generates an idea.
1 • Daphne loves Rico as a friend.
st
• The speaker encodes an idea of converts the
2 idea into words or actions.
• She thinks of how to tell him using their native
n language.
d
• The speaker transmits or sends out a message.
3r • She tells him, “Rico, mahal kita bilang kaibigan.”
d
 • The receiver gets the message.
4t • Rico hears what Daphne says.
h
• The receiver decodes or interprets the message
based on the context.
5t • He tries to analyse what she means and he is
h heartbroken.

• The receiver sends or provides feedback.

6t • He frowns and does not say something, because
he is in pain.
h
 LET’S WORK!
arrange me. Please?
01 Lhcenan
CHANNEL
 02
Rksaepe
SPEAKER
03
Gmsasee
MESSAGE
scpoesr 04
PROCESS
 05
Nnaetircto
INTERACTION
06 lvaerb
VERBAL
Let’s check
what you
did.
TRUE or FALSE?
 TRUE or FALSE
1. Communication can happen even without verbal cues.
2. The elements of communication are all equally
important.
3. Social context includes the setting where
communication takes place.
4. Physical context involves the communicators’ moods
and feelings.
5. Anyone can communicate.
 TRUE or FALSE
6. Non-verbal communication is comprised of written
and oral language.
7. Giving feedback happens solely in the form of
words.
8. Hearing loss is an example of internal noise.
9. External noise involves the unintentional
misunderstanding caused by ambiguity, ethnic slurs
and profanity.
10. Smiling is an example of verbal communication.
QUIZ TIME!

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