In the name of Allah, the

compassionate, the merciful.

 SAUM (Fasting)
 Fasting is called sawm in the Qur’an.
 The word sawm literally means "to abstain".
 “I have vowed a fast (sawm) for the sake of
the Merciful, so today I shall not speak to
anyone.”) (Maryam 19:26)
 ‫ِإِّني َنَذ ْر ُت ِللَّرْح َمِن َص ْو ًم ا َفَلْن ُأَك ِّلَم اْلَيْو َم ِإْنِس ًّيا‬
 According to Shari ‘ah, the word sawm
means to abstain from all those things that
are forbidden during fasting from the break
of dawn to the sunset, and to do this with the
intention of fasting.
 PURPOSE OF FASTING

 (O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you

as it was prescribed for those who were before
you, in order that you may learn taqwa (piety)
 Taqwa is a very important spiritual and ethical
term of the Qur’an. It is the sum total of all
Islamic spirituality and ethics.
 It keeps a believer’aware of Allah all the time.
 A person with taqwa loves to do good and to
avoid evil for Allah.
 Taqwa is piety, righteousness and
consciousness of Allah. Taqwa requires
patience and perseverance. Fasting teaches
patience, and with patience one can rise to the
high position of taqwa.
 The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
said that fasting is a shield. It protects a person
from sin and lustful desires
 When the disciples of Jesus asked him how to
cast the evil spirits away, he is reported to have
said, “But this kind never comes out except by
prayer and fasting.” (Matthew 17:21).
 FASTING IS OBLIGATORY
In the second year of Hijrah, Muslims were commanded to
fast in the month of Ramadan every year.

 ‫َش ْهُر َر َم َض اَن اَّلِذ ي ُأْنِزَل ِفيِه اْلُقْر آُن ُهًد ى ِللَّناِس َو َبِّيَناٍت ِم َن اْلُهَد ى َو اْلُفْر َقاِن َفَم ْن‬
)2:184(‫َش ِهَد ِم ْنُك ُم الَّش ْه َر َفْلَيُص ْم ُه‬
 The month of Ramadan is that in which was revealed the
Qur’an, wherein is guidance for mankind and the clear
signs of guidance and distinction. Thus whosoever
among you witness the month must fast...)

 Fasting of Ramadan is obligatory upon every muslim,

male or female, Who is adult (i.e., Has reached puberty)
And sane and who is not sick or on a journey.
 Requirements for Fasting to Be Valid
 1) The intention (niyyah) for fasting. One should
make a sincere intention to fast for the sake of
Allah every day before dawn.

 2) Abstaining from dawn to dusk from everything

that invalidates fasting.
 BENEFITS OF FASTING
 Fasting requires abstaining from Material
pleasures , going against the natural instinct of Man
to observe the orders of ALLAH. This builds the
concept of No to our desires and Yes to ALLAH.
 Fasting instills patience, teaches self control and
discipline.
 Fasting increases compassion for the less fortunate.
 Fasting builds focus on spirituality and diminishes
materialism.
 Fasting has many health benefits.
 Fasting can be atonement for sin and can earn great
reward.
 HAJJ (Pilgrimage)
 ‫ُبِنَي اِإْل ْس اَل ُم َع َلى َخ ْمٍس َش َهاَد ِة َأْن اَل ِإَلَه ِإاَّل ُهَّللا َو َأَّن ُم َح َّم ًد ا َرُس وُل ِهَّللا‬
‫َوِإيَتاِء الَّزَك اِة َو اْلَح ِّج َو َص ْو ِم َر َم َض اَن‬ ‫َوِإَقاِم الَّص اَل ِة َو ِإ‬
‫َو ِإ‬

Islam is built upon five pillars testifying that there is

no god except Allah and that Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah, performing Prayer, paying
the zakah, making the pilgrimage to the Sacred
House (Hajj), and fasting the month of
Ramadan.”
 MEANING OF HAJJ
 Literal meaning of hajj is “to Intend”.
 The technical meaning of hajj is annual visit of the house
of Allah according to prescribed rule and regulations.
 Place, days and timing are prescribed.
 This prescription is from Allah and the prophet of Allah.
 The proof of this prescription is the book of Allah and the
manner in which the Holy prophet performed his hajj.
 ‫َو ِهَّلِل َع َلى الَّناِس ِح ُّج اْلَبْيِت َمِن اْسَتَطاَع ِإَلْيِه َس ِبياًل َو َم ْن َك َفَر َفِإَّن َهَّللا َغ ِنٌّي َع ِن اْلَع اَلِم يَن‬
 “And pilgrimage to the house(Holy Ka’aba) is a duty unto
Allah for mankind for him who can find way thither .As for
him who disbelieveth lo Allah is independent of all
creatures.” (Surah al imran 97)
 CHARACTERISTICS OF HAJJ
 It is the only obligation which is farz only once in
the entire life.
 It is the only worship which may be called
financial as well as physical.
 It is the complete manifestation of love and
sacrifice for Allah.
 It is the practical experience of the history of
Islam.
 It is the practical demonstration of the unity of
Muslim umma of the entire world.
 AHADITH ABOUT HAJJ
 ABU UMAMA reports He who is not prevented from
hajj by an obvious necessity or a tyrannical ruler or a
disease, which may confines him at home and dies
without performing hajj may die if he wishes as a Jew
or as a Nasara.

 ABU HURAIRA reports those who perform the hajj and

those who perform umra are people who have come to
visit God. If they supplicate Him He will responds to
them and if they ask Him for forgiveness He will forgive
them

 ABUHURAIRA reports If anyone performs hajj for Allah

s sake without talking immodestly or acting wickedly he
will return free from sin as on the day his bore him.
 TYPES OF HAJJ
 HAJJ MUFRAD: One enters into the state of
ihram for hajj only and no umra is performed
before hajj.

 HAJJ QIRAN The pilgrim enters into the state of

ihram for both umra and the hajj at one time.

 HAJJ TAMATTU :Umra is performed before the

hajj. The pilgrim removes ihram for umra and re-
enters into the state of ihram again for hajj on
the 8th of dul hajj .
 RITES OF HAJJ
1. The very first rite of Hajj is entering ihram - a pilgrim's sacred
state - when crossing the outer boundaries of Mecca,
called Miqat On the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, pilgrims enter ihram,
which involves wearing plain garments - two unstitched clothes
for men, or any loose-fitting clothing for women.
2. They then set out from Mecca to the tent-city of Mina, It is an
8km journey. The pilgrims will spend the day in Mina, only setting
out the next morning at dawn.
3. on 9th Dhul-Hijjah pilgrims make a 14.4 km journey from Mina to
Mount Arafat and spend the day here in reverent prayer.
4.After sunset, they have to move to Muzdalifah - a 9km trip -
where they spend the night and collect pebbles here
for tomorrow's rites, departing again just before sunrise.
5.On 10th Dhul-Hijjah Pilgrims start the day in Muzdalifah and begin
heading back to Mina before dawn. Once in Mina, they perform
the first Ramy, throwing seven pebbles at the largest of three
columns known as Jamarat.
6. After casting their stones, pilgrims must perform the sacrifice.
Pilgrims thus must slaughter a sheep, goat, cow or camel - or
more likely, pay for it to be done in their names.

7. At this point, pilgrims trim or shave (men only) their hair and
remove their ihram clothes. Many will then proceed to
Mecca to perform Tawaf and Sa'ee, first circling the
Kaaba seven times, then walking seven times between the
hills of Safa and Marwa. When all is finally done, they return
to their campsite in Mina.

8. 11th-13th of Dhul-Hijjah will be spend in Mina. On each day,

they will again symbolically stone the devil - this time
throwing seven pebbles at each of the three pillars. When
their time in Mina is finished, pilgrims return to Mecca to
perform the final circulation of the Kaaba, a "farewell" tawaf.
 BENEFITS OF HAJJ
 Patience
 Tolerance
 Perserverance,
 Sacrifice
 Unity
 Equality
 Knowledge
 Socialize
 Economic growth