(1777-1855)

) "" (Prince of Mathematics)

(Braunschweig)

.
6 ,
Twinkle Twinkle Little Star 5 .
3

1 100
5,050

(ngon)

(Fermat primes)
2,000
3, 4, 5 15

17 (17-gon)

(fundamental theorem of algebra)

, ,

''

.. 2344 (.. 1801) Disquisitiones

Arithmeticae
(modular arithmetic)

(quadratic reciprocity)

.. 2339 (.. 1796)

.. 2374 (.. 1831)

(Magnetic Union)


(

) Treatise on

Electricity and Magnetism (1873)

.. 1809

gaussian gravitational constant

(method of least squares)

(normal distribution)
( (gaussian

distribution)) ( -)

-
.. 2348 (.. 1805)

.. 2338 (.. 1795)

(nonEuclidean geometries)

15

.. 2363 (.. 1820)

(
Werke, vol. VIII, pp. 159-268, 1900)

.. 2372 (.. 1829) .. 2375 (.. 1832)

(Lobachevsky) (Johann Bolyai)

(
)

" "


(space)

(elliptic functions)
(mathematical analysis)

"

" ("Mathematics would be in a very different position if

practical astronomy had not diverted this colossal genius from his glorious
career")

( )

:http://th.wikipedia.org

 (1903-1987)

.
, ,

(turbulence),

.. 1960 .. 1970.

(1903-1987) ( : Andrey

Nikolaevich Kolmogorov), 25 .. 1903 20

.. 1987,

20
.

, , (turbulence),

.. 1960 .. 1970.

.
(

"

 The Lady Tasting Tea: How Statistics Revolutionized

Science in the Twentieth Century

(John Herschel)
(Cyanotype)

(Blue Print)

"photograph" "negative" "positive"

(John Herschel)
(7 .. 1792-11 .. 1871)

(Cyanotype)

(Blue Print)

) ""

"photograph" "negative" "positive"

 (Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier .. 2311

- 2373)



(sines)

""

(Ren Descartes)

(rationalism)
17 18.


(Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz) (1
.. 1646 (.. 2189) - 4

.. 1716 (.. 2259)) , ,

, ,
" "

(.. 2449-2521)

(Brno)

.. 2483 .. 2491

(The Institute of Advance
Study) .. 2474

20

 ..1940(John von Neumann, Neumann

Jnos, 28 .. .. 1903 - 8 .. .. 1957)

(582 496 ..)

"

"

) .
(Croton)

.
.

(Mathematikoi)

""

.

.

(Theano)

"."