vijna

1)

1.

) (AKBh p.11,

vijna(

l.7) .
viaya viaya prati vijaptir upalabdhir vijnaskandha ity ucyate
(

.)

) citta(), manas(), vijna()

, ,
.
, <>, vijna ,
vijapti(

( 1, 790c)

. ,

.

(VY.

P.100b5100b8) ,

( gsum po che chen po, Mahkauhila),

(praj) .
(vijna) . [] , []
, [(kart) ] (bhvamtra)[
(kriymtra)]

1)

(sakarmaka kart)[= ] ,

. (gamana grma
gacchati) .

, <> ,
vijnti vijntti tasmt vijnam ity ucyate
, 'vijna'()

.
vijna (kriy), (kart)

1) prajnti prajntti tasmt praj ity ucyate. vijnti vijntti tasmt vijnam ity
ucyate.
cf. Psdika(532):vijna vijnti ; Honjo(2031):vijntti vijnam.

vijna 401

, (Guamati, ) ,
(brda sprod pa pa=vaiykaraa).
(P.104b2
2)

106b8),

, .

, <>
.

(AKBh(P) p.473, l.13

p.474, l.9) ,
,

.

.

3)

2.
,

vijna)(vijntti vijnam) ,
().
, vijna vi-j +lyu(ana)
(

2) VY: (1) P.137a1-2, D.257b2; (2) P.137b8, D.258a4-5.

3)
. .

Derge,

(critical edition) Peking

Narthang, Cone .

 . Pini(3-3-115) (lyu ca)

vijna ,
vijna

vi-j (kriy) .

(vijntti vijnam) vijna ,
(vijnam vijnti) ,
.
.

(sakarmaka-kart),

. vijna()

.
vijntti vijnam vijntti vija/vijt
.

. ,

, Pini(1-4-54)(svatantra kart)
(svatantra) .

,
.

.
,

vijna 403

, ,

. (jnraya),

.

3.

. ( )

indriya), (dyamna viaya),

()(manaskra-viea), .

. (

4),
.

,
(svatantra) ,
.

(paratantra).

4) AKBh(P)(p.473, l.13-14):
eva ko vijnti kasya vijnam ity evamdiu vaktavyam / tasya hetur

indriyrthamanaskr yathyogam ity ea viea.

,
.

.
.

(vyavahra) , (tmadi)
(vijnamtra)

4.

?
vijna

. ,
vijna

. .
, ,

vijna 405

, ,
,
.
,

(vijna)

.
(a)

(dravya) (a1).

(a2), ,

[ (nla) ]

(kra)

5)

(a3), (b) (vijna

viaya vijnti) . (c)

, .

) . (a)(b)(c)
(b) , (a) , (c)
. (b) vijnam vijnti( )
.
(

(a)

,
,
(dravya) . (a2)
. (a1)

. (a3)
5) cf.AKBh(P)(p.401, l.21):sarve cittacaittnm lambanagrahaaprakra kra iti.(ad
AK 7-13).

(kra)

(c) .
. .
,
,
.
,

. (dravya) (vidyamna)6)

dharma ,
. Pini(3-3-113)(ktya-lyuo

bahulam) , vijna() Pini(3-3-115)

(lyu ca) .

5.

7)

6) AKBh(P) p.476, l.1-2.

7) AKBh(P) p.473, l.13-p.474, l.9

[1959], 45ff)

vijna 407

.

.
[ ] .

, . [

.]

(vyavahrapurua) ,
[] [] .
( saskr) [
] . [] () [
] , .
(vyavahrrtham), [()]
[ ] .

) (dharma) ,

.
,

. ,

,

. ,

(SA(W) p.712, l.26) (vaiykaraa)

, .

.

, .8)
(1) [] .

[] ? [] .
, [ ] [

(sdyentmalbht) ,
(krya kraam anuvidhyate) .
]

9)

[] [

, []
. [] []
? [ ] (tadkrat).
]

, [] ,
.

) [] [ ]

(2) (

[] .
[] [] []

8)
, cf. Ejima, Yasunori, Textcritical Remarks on the
Ninth Chapter of the Abhidharmakoabhya,
No.20, 1987. pp.140.

9) sdyentmalbht , []
, . (tmalbha)
(utpda) .
(P.106a8106b1) .

vijna 409

(krae kart-abda-nirdet).
(gha rauti) .
(3) (pradpo gacchati) [

] . ?
(upacaryate) ,
, .

(rpam bhavati), (rpam

jyate), (rpa tihati) , (bhavit)
.10)

[ ] ,
[
].

(vijna viaya vijnti)

(1)

(krya kraamanuvidhyate)

.
.

) B (upacaryate) , B A
. , gagym ghoa
gag (gagpravha)
(gagy tra) . (upacra),
(mukhya)

10) A (=

(gaua) .

) ,

, , .

(kra) ,
.

, (sada),
(bheda) .
.
.

(paratantra) (svatantra) .

,
(vijna)
, ,
.

(1)

(abhiprya)

vijna 411

, vijna

, vijna lyu-pratyaya
, vijnam vijnti
.
.
(2)
[] (krae kart-abdo nirdiyate)

(kart-abda),
,
tc-pratyaya ,
.

. (A) (B)
, A

/ .

,
,

vijnasantna) .

vijna() (kart)
vijnasantna(
) .

lyu-pratyaya

'vijna'

, .

Pini(3-3-113) (ktya-lyuo bahulam)

, vijna Pini(3-3-115)(lyu ca)

, lyu-pratyaya

(ana) kart(

.11)

(3) (

cittasantna) .
. vijna() citta(
)

.
, .
,

. (pradpo gacchati)
,

upacra) , .

(x) (y)
x y .
.
.

,
.

.
11) SA(W)(p.141, l.17-18):
vijnty lambanam iti vijna, kartari lyu.

vijna 413

. ,
.

.
,

6.

-
. ,
.

,
.
,
stika ,

(svatantra) .

. ,
(paratantra) (svatantra)
. (dravya).
,

.
, , (),

. ,

, .
.

,
.

,
.

vijna 415

(VY. P.104b2-106b8)

[Vasubandhu:]

dos

es

ste / bya ba g an mi srid pa i phyir ro

de ya
ni ga

dos

ig

es

po

[Vaiy kara a:] d os po

dba

di

bya ba

ig

ni ci

yin / ji ltar na byed pa po

yod pa ga

es

[104b4] dba

ces bya ba de lta bu yin no

[Vasubandhu:]

id

du b ad /

yin / [104b3] byed pa po

id

du b ad pa yin /

na

sa

id

du b ad pa ni

gro

na /

bon las myu gu

byu

bar byed do

es

bya ba gal te /

[Vasubandhu:]

yod2) gsal byed yin na de

/ yod de a

/ ji ltar ra

bdog go

es

la gsal byed

3) P.na=ni

id dos

na3) ji skad bya/

byu

1) cf. Pini(1-4-54):``svatantra kart''.

2) CD.yod=od

bar byed

yin pa i d os po de la ji [104b5] ltar byed pa po

[Vaiy kara a:] byed do

ra

yod pa lhas byin de ni byed

yin pa

bya ba ni bya ba yin la de la ra

pa po yin no // de byed pa po

bya ba ga

smras pa ga

yin pa de ni byed pa po yin te1) dper na gro ba

ni bya ba yin la de la ra

es

po tsam la byed pa por b ad pa ni mi ru

ba las bcas

gyur

/ las [104b6] da

es

byed po ma

dsin

ra

skyon der

gyur

/ byed do es bya ba ni mi jig yin par min /

grib

/ yul g an du4)

gro

bar byed do

la bya ba am / ra

es

gro

ma

bya ba ga

dba

yin pa

dug bin

ba las de

ga ig

pho

// grib ma ya
ma da

ci

kyi phyir ra

ig

ba med de / [D.89b] de i

ba da

che ba da

dba

la / ci de [104b7] g is

yod dam / ci ste med

rgya

ri

chu

bar

ba da

gyur

ba i

[N.95a] yod pa ni med do

yin par brjod par bya

bar

phyogs bsregs nas de

ba7) ya

id

du

tha dad pa las mched pa da

an8)

me bar i

na / ga

gis6) yul

bar du chod pa na gzugs yod pa rnams [105a1] gsal bar

byed pa o // me

khor

ma

ba [104b8] da

id

phyir ro // de

du ya

khor

di

yod pa

ce5) na / grib ma ni yul g an du

rgyu

bar byed do / /

chi

pho

ste / bud

ba i phyir la / bud

mi

bri

ba da

gi ra

gi

gi phyogs

/ [105a2] rno ba da

pa dag gis de tha dad pa i phyir ro // de i phyir ra

dba

yod pa ni med do //
rnam par

es

pa la9) ya

ig

bar brtag pa ga
da

[105a3] yul sna

4) CD.insert ya, after du

5) P.omits ce
6) CD.gis=gi
7) CD.omit ba
8) CD.an=en
9) P.omits la
10) CD.gi=gis

gi10) ra

ga

dba

gi rnam par [C.93a]

yod de /

bar gyur pa da

di

es

pa i bya

lta ste / dba

po

yid la byed pa i khyad par

vijna 417

es

gsum las g an rnam par

pa skyed par nus pa ni ma grub la /

de rnams ni gcig la gcig bltos pa i phyir11) de la ra

id

ga la yod de / de i [105a4] phyir rnam par

12)

bya ba ya

de i rnam par skyes pas na de rnam par

[105a5] bya ste / dper na

grib

es

bar byed do

es

ma

gro

es

gro

ya

dper na

par byed do

es bad

es

me bar

bya ba ni yul

grib

ma

me bar i gro

bar byed do

es

es

pa la ni bsam13) pa i bya ba

di

ni mi

drao e

du chud pa rnams kyis kya

na /

de14) gro

zer bas / de bas na bsam pa i bya ba med

me

bar i gro

bar byed do

es

rnam

par

es

par byed pas na rnam par

es

pa [105a8]

di

ya

es

grib

bya ba de b in du
pa o

es

la skye ba

du chud pa rnams kyis bsams nas

med do // de bas na

[105a7] bar byed do

pa

bar byed do //

[Vasubandhu:] kho

par ya

es

gi

bya ba b in no //

brjod par byed kyi / rnam par

ga

yod pa

bar byed do //

re re de skye bar kho

pa ni ga

yul ga

[Vaiy kara a:] gal te de g is la bya ba med kya

[105a6]

dba

ma yin no // rkyen gsum las rnam par

bya ba i rdsas skye la / bya ba med par ya

i gro

ma da

mi rigs pa ma yin no //

[Vaiy kara a:] gal te de lta yin du zin gyis15) kya

tshul de ni mtshan

id

med pa yin no

[Vasubandhu:] mtshan

id

11) P.omits phyir

12) P.ya=ni
13) P.bsam=bsams
14) P.omits de
15) CD.gyis=nas
16) DP.bu=bur, but according to VY.

ji lta bu16)

na /

smra ba i

[Vaiy kara a:] ji ltar17) by

id bin

[N.95b] ba i mtshan
byed pa da

gi

ka ra

la rnam par

te /

es

a(=Vykaraa)18)

dos

pa19)

las

byu

[105b1]

po [D.90a] da

es

bya ba

di byu o

na /

[Vasubandhu:] by

ka ra

a(=Vykaraa)i

/ brjod par bya ba ril gyis ma

byu

byas pa

es

bya ba ya

es

par b ad pa yin na / by

rten gyis kya

skan /

jig

id

ka ra

lta ci smos / de las sgra

smras pa22) de la

phags

pa am /

tshig gi tshul de yod do //

ni skyon dag rtogs par mi byed pa de blo

/ rmo s pa med par ga

gi23) yid la [105b4] bde bar mi byed

ji skad bya /

id es

es

pa i

rab kyis24) ni

gro

ba i skye da

17) CD.omit ji ltar

18) P.a=na
19) cf.Pini(3-3-115):``lyu ca''; Pini(3-3-117):``karadhikaraayo ca''
20) P.omits de
21) P.omits kyi
22) cf. MBh(Vol.1, p.6) ad Vrttika(``siddhe abdrthasabandhe'')
23) P.gi=gis

kya

ji skad bya /

es

id

// bam po drug pa //

es

gi de

ka [105b2] ra

*
gi yon tan da

/ by

ga

/ ga

es

id

rjes su [105b3] [C.93b] bs ag par ci ga nus re

rten na ya

pa de bde

du brjod pa da

rig byed kyi21) yan lag yin la / rig byed

rnams kyi skad kyi mtshan

jig

par sgra rnams kyi mtshan

yin pa de20) sus

ba ga

es

na

vijna 419

jig

thob25)

/ yul mi

rab can du

dod

jig

jug

la

gi blo ni ma

du thos kya

es

skye ba

es

par mi

po dag

pa mi byed de /

khor

las grol bar mi

rten dag na

/ sna tshogs gtam dag byas kya

/ ga

jig

pa i blo can de ni

/ [105b5] ga
byed

thos kya

gyur

jigs

ba

pa ma

ro /

gis tshig26) gi s i

ni sdud nus da

/ [105b6] blos phra i don mtho

spyod pa thabs ldan pa /

/ de ni skyes bu o de las g an pa phyugs /

by
du

ka ra

dren

pa yin no27)

[105b7] pa ya

byed

las kya

es

nam /

on

ma

es bad

dba

par smras pa yin te / ma

pa i phyir de ni mtshan

id

by

de las29)

es

ga

bya ba de ci

yod pa o30)

ig

yin / cir

ka ra

smras pa i ra

ig31)

gyur e

24) P.kyis=kyi
25) P.thob=thog
26) P.tshig=tshigs
27) cf.Pini(3-3-113):``ktya-lyuo bahulam''
28) P.by ka =by ka ka
29) C.de las=las; D.omits de las
30) Pini(1-4-54):``svatantra kart''
31) P.ig=ig
32) CD.bltos=ltos

na /

ra

te g an la mi [105b8] bltos32) par

[Vaiy kara a:] des34) cir

33) P.omits ig

es

ma yin no // g an ya

pa po ni ra

yod pa

di

a28)

dgar

jug

pa

med

jug

pa yin

ig33)

dba

yin /

[Vasubandhu:]

ra

dgar

jug

pa ra

dba

yod yin35) na /

/ sems pa36) med pa byed por mi

mes

/ de i phyir

es

byed do

ru

ig gid

/ ga

gis37)

tshed

par

byin

pa da

du sdug bs al myo

ba i phyir da

byed

/ mi

pa /

gyur

te /

dod bin

dod

pa med

du sdug bs al

ba i phyir ro /

/ gal te g an la mi bltos
/ gru

gro

/ me

byu38)

/ chu gnas

pa med pa i phyir ro /

byed pa [106a2] por [D.90b] mi

par dbugs dbyu

myo

dod

log dbugs ni

dod bin

sreg par byed do //

de ya

ro /

byed pa [106a1] por tha s ad [N.96a] gdags par mi

ste / de g is la

/ mi

gyur

di

ltar

ba da

ba da

es

phul

34) DP.des=de
35) P.yin=min
36) P.pa=dpa
37) P.gis=gi
38) P.byu=byu

ljon

jug

yin na /

i gul

ba da

[106a3] bum pa dag da

ni/

bya rigs pa ma yin no /

bar byed pa la ma bltos39) par ni gru

gro

ba

vijna 421

ya

med la ljon

i gul

byu

bltos40) par me

ba ya

ba ya

bltos par chu gnas pa ya

med do // skye ba i rgyu la ma

med la / [106a4] [C.94a] g i la ma41)

med do //

[Vaiy kara a:] gal te de lta yin du zin kya

pa

id

kyis ra

gru ni rten du gyur

jug

gi bya ba dag la bltos pa med par

lta bas na de ni de la ra
[106a5] la ya

dba

go // de

yod pa yin no // lhag ma rnams

de b in du sbyar ro

na /

[Vasubandhu:]

de la byu

di

gan

/ de ya

ba i phyir na rten gyur pa i /

42) brel

de da

da

ltar de de43) la

byu

la rten du gyur par brtag gra

[106a6]

brel

id

gyur

du

pa las

byu

yin pa i gru de bya ba dag

na / de ya

[Vasubandhu:] ga

ra

byu

41) CD.ma=mi
42) C.da=du
43) C.de de=de
44) P.omits ma

dba

yod pa

dba

la de ra

ba ni de la gnas pa i phyir de

yod pa
dba

id

yin no

na /

yod pas de i tshe de la ci

skye ba po i bdag

pa yin na de de i rten du ji ltar rigs / bdag

40) CD.bltos=ltos

rgyu g an da

byar yod / skye ba ya

39) CD.bltos=ltos

de da

la gnas pa na gru da

ig

ba ga

ba i phyir ji ltar de la ra

[Vaiy kara a:] bya ba ga

[106a7]

phyir ro /

id

id

du gyur

du ma44) gyur pa

ya

byu

de la

re skan / skye ba la45) ya

46)

par gyur pas ha ca

[Vaiy kara a:]

gyur

kyi sbyor bar

pa

id

te / ga

pa la ra

o es

dba

dod

gyur

sbyor [N.96b] bar

yod pa

ro // ga

id

gyur

[Vasubandhu:] gal te brjod par

pa

id

pa na me

dod

bya ba ya

dod

[106b1] thob

byu

na

ig

yod

par byed

dod

pa yin /

brjod par

dba

pa

byin

na /

[D.91a] med b in du [106b3] ya

mkhas pas ci dgar byed pa po rnams sbyar bar ru

gru dren

dam [106b2] ra

id

bya ba i

na /

[Vaiy kara a:] smras pa / g i ga yin no

[Vasubandhu:] mtshan

yod

id

/ de b in du

ci

dba

pa de i tshe

dod pa las yin48)

id

tu brjod par

byu o es

ro

ig

ba la ra

gi tshe bdag

zer ba ni g an gyi dba

dam / ci

gro

gru groo es

du brjod par

grooes

[106a8] ro //

pa las byed pa po rnams

gi tshe gru

pa de i tshe

bya ba i sbyor bar

na

dod

na brjod par

du brjod par

gyur

thal ches par47)

ya

skye ba thug pa med

am

ste / di ltar es pai tshig gi chos id

[Vaiy kara a:] smras pa ru

kyis

ra

gi mtshan

id dsin pas

na chos

es

bya o49)

es bya

ba de

las da bya [106b4] bai dbye ba ya med la / brjod

la byed pa po da
par

dod

pa la50) ni de i sbyor bar [C.94b]

[Vasubandhu:] gal te ru
med kya

rnam

par

es

gyur

na byed pa po da

ro

bya ba i dbye ba

par byed pas na rnam par

45) P.omits la
46) C.omits ya.
47) C.inserts ya, after par.
48) P.inserts pa, after yin
49) cf. AKBh(P)(p.2,l.10): nirvacana tu svalakaadhrad dharma.
50) CD.la=las

na /

es

pa o

es

vijna 423

bya ba

di

ya

ci i phyir mi [106b5] ru

[Vaiy kara a:] ci i phyir na

dod

brjod par

dogs

ga

ya

es

de b in du

par

es

rab

tu

ya

di

es

par byed pas na

jig

yul bcom brlag tu

de dag la brjod par

byed pa po

bstan pa i phyir ro // ji

dod

id

es

rten na

di

es

pa o

rab po

khyim

es

52) P.rigs=rig
53) P.tu=du
54) CD.insert du, after ji skad

bya ba

bya ba ya

pa byed pa po

dod

ga

[106b7] gyi grwa

byu

ji skad54) zer ba

ga

ya

ci

ig

yod

pa byed pa po med par

du b ad pa ni legs pa yin no //

51) P.med=mad

es

yul bcom brlag tu53)

groo es

de / de lta bas na [106b8] brjod par

ya

es

par byed pas na rnam par

mo // grwa rlos so // sgo

// lam

du tha

id

kyi bdag tu lta bas kun tu brtags pa i byed pa po ni

rigs52) par b ad pa yin no //

um

pa tsam la byed pa po

yod pa ma yin no [106b6]

rnam

ltar

la byed pa po med51) b in du

ce na /

[Vasubandhu:] rnam par

s ad

di

:
C

: The Cone edition; preserved at the University of Tokyo in Microfilms

(USA, IASWR)

: The Sde dge edition;

The Tibetan Tripiaka, Sde dge edition, Bstan gyurpreserved at the

Faculty of Letters, University of Tokyo, compiled and edited by
Hayashima, Takasaki, Yamaguchi, Hakamaya, Sems tsam 1-16, Tokyo,
19791981.
N

: The Narthang edition; preserved at the Toyo-bunko, Tokyo.

: The Peking edition;

The Tibetan Tripiaka, Peking editionkept in the Library of the Otani

University, Kyoto, reprinted under the supervision of the Otani
University, edited by Daisetz T. Suzuki, Tokyo-Kyoto, 19541963.
Tib

: Tibetan Tripiaka.

AKBh : Vasubandhu : Abhidharmakoabhya of VasubandhuChap.1. Dhtunirdea.

Ejima, Yasunori(ed.). Bibliotheca Indologica et Buddhologica 1, Tokyo, 1989.

AKBh(P): Vasubandhu : Abhidharmakoabhya, Pradhan, Prahalad(ed.),

Tibetan Sanskrit Works Series 8, Patna, 1967; rev. 1975.

Honjo :

. . , 1984.

vijna 425

MBh

: Mahbhyam of Patajali. ed. by F. Kielhorn. rev. by K.V.Abhyankar,

Poona: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Vol.1,2(4th ed.) 1985,

Vol.3(3rd ed.) 1972.

Pini : Adhyy of Pini.
Psdika : Psdika, Bhikkhu. Kanonische Zitate im Abhidharmakoabhya des

Vasubandhu. (Sanskrit-Wrterbuch der buddhistischen Texte aus den

Turfan-Funden :Beiheft 1). Gttingen, 1989.
SA(W) : Yaomitra : Sphurth Abhidharmakoavykhy by Yaomitra. Wogihara,
U.(ed.). Tokyo, 19321936 ;repr. Tokyo: The Sankibo Press, 1971.
VY

: Vasubandhu : Vykhyyukti.(P. No.5562, D. No.4061)

VY

: Guamati : Vykhyyukti-k. (P. No.5570, D. No.4069)

Ejima, Yasunori. Textcritical remarks on the ninth chapter of the Abhidharmakoabhya.

20, 1987. pp.140.

[1959] : , , 12, 1959. pp. 21112.

Debate on consciousness between

Vasubandhu and Vaiy kara a

Lee, Jong-Cheol

In this article, I would like to point out the fact that Vasubandhu
not only approached dependent origination from an ontological
perspective, but that he also put great importance on its epistemological dimension having to do with the phenomenology of
mind and consciousness, taking care to focus in on how the theory
may be applied to the arising of consciousness. This article, keeping
in

mind

the

Vasubandhu's

problematik

above
thought

in

the

deals

with

process

of

the

unfolding

moving

from

of
the

Abhidharmako a to the Vy khy yukti. This represents an attempt to

reconstruct an integral basis for Vasubandhu's discussion of the
process of co-arising consciousness and his theory of epistemology,

stretching from the time he wrote the Abhidharmako a all the way

navda

down to his later Yog c ra-vij

Through
S

khya,

various

debates

with

inclination period.

Indian

schools

such

as

the

the Vai e ika, and the Vaiy kara a, we can see that

Vasubandhu rejects any belief in the existence of an actual self

conceived as the subject responsible for action or as the subject
of cognition. According to the basic tenets of Vasubandhu's theory
of consciousness

based on his view that a permanent real self

does not exist (an tman)

in the case of consciousness there does

vijna 427

not exist any subject behind it that engages in acts of cognition.

There

can

only

be

the

workings

of

consciousness

which

arise

constantly dependent on conditions.

Focusing on the debates between Vasubandhu and Vaiy kara a,

which are introduced in the Abhidharmako a and the Vy khy yukti

(Peking ed. 104b2-106b8), this article deals with the problems which
were the object of their discussion. In the Appendix, I have enclosed

a critical edition of extant Tibetan translations of the Vy khy yukti as

they appear in the Peking, Derge, Narthang and Cone editions.

key word: Vasubandhu, Vaiy kara a, Abhidharmako a, Vy khy yukti,

na,

vij

svatantra, an tman

vijna

55)

5
13

. , vijna

.
, .

.
.

.
.

?
. ,
?
, ?

,
*

 .
,
. ,

. ,

,
,

.
, ?
, , .

, (

? .
. (
) ,

) , () .

.
.
,
.
?

vijna

56)

.
.
. .
.

.
, .

1.
prajnti prajntti tasmt praj ityucyate.
vijnti vijntti tasmt vijnam ity ucyate

. . prajnti
prajnti, vijnti vijnti
*

 . ,

. ? , , ,
. . ? ,
. .
( . ?
, ,
, .
.
. ? ,
, , , .
)

,
.
.
,

viayam viayam prati vijaptir upalabdhir vijnaskandha ity ucyate

(

, .)

, . -
( ,

.)

vijna 433

2.

( )

(1, 3), (2), (3),

(5), (5), (6)
,
.
(vidyamna) dravya.
dravya ,

(dravya)

(dravya)

, (dravya)
.


.
, ?
(vidyamna)
.

,
(5), (5)
,

(paratantra) (svatantra)
.

,
. dravya ,

( )

(5)
(6)

? ?
? .
.
, ,

?

( )

rpa

. rpa

.
. , (rpa)
.
.
. ,
? rpam
bhavati, rupam jyati, rpa tihati rpa
. , , , , , ,

vijna 435

, , . .

( )

, saskr) ()

) .

(
(sas-kra)

(sas-kta).

)
. () ?
sas-k . saskta(

. .

. ( ) (phenomenon)

3.

(5),
. (rpam
bhavati) .

,
.