/ 2/ 2

.

.
.

Fn . Fn
1 2 , . (F = Fn).
:

Fn

d1
Ft2

Fr1
Fr2

t
Ft1

d2

2
2

Fn

S =

[F ] = F
F

Ft

:
F ( )
:

r
r
T
T
Ft1 Ft 2 = 1 = 2 ;
d1 2 d 2 2

T2 = T1 i

[F] ( ),
, , .
F = Fn.
S Smin (Smin = 1,5...2,5) Fn a

Fn
S min
Ft

Fn

Ft

S min

r
r
r
Fr1 = Fr 2 = Fn
:

;
1

 / 2/ 2

;
;
;
.

;
Fn;
Fn ;
.

- ( )

n1 = const

- ()
:

i=

n ul n1 rx
=
=
nizl n 2 r1

r1

rx

n2 const

 / 2/ 2

dw1

. (
, )
.
.

2>1
1
2=1

dw2

kl=0
2
2

1>2
1
2

dw1, dw2

. Fn
.

Ft1

Ft2

, . Ft1
1 B ,
B . 2
B Ft2 , B
.
(
) ( ).
, . ,
3

 / 2/ 2

(2< 2) 2, ,
.

( )

( )

V1= V2 u =

1 d w 2
=
2 d w1

V 1 > V2 u ' =

1 d w 2

u' > u
2' d w1

V1= V2 u =

d2
1
1
=

2 1 k d1

f k - (1 3 %)

:

.
()
:

p = 0,418

Fn E
ekv b

Fn

Fn

ekv

p
p

r1

1 = r1
2 = r2

r2

E1 E2
-
E1 + E2
b
E=2

Fn

Fn

p p doz
:
pdoz = f ( , ( ), . )

, ,
,