tcef; (1)

Edik if aH wmftajccHrrl sm;tcef;

Chapter ( I )
State Fundamental Principles
 tcef; ( 1 )
Ekid if aH wmftajccHrrl sm;

Edik if aH wmfEiS pfh yfvsO;f onhf tajccH&rnhrf rl sm; -

1/ (u) jrefrmEdik if o H nf tcsKyt f jcmtmPmydik f vGwv f yfonfh Edik if jH zpfonf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfukd jynfaxmifpo k r®wjrefrmEdik if aH wmf[k ac:wGirf nf?
(*) Ekid if aH wmfonf wkid ;f &if;om;vlrsKd ;aygif;pkw H Ydk pkaygif;aexkid Mf uaom Ekid if H
jzpfonf?
(C) EdkifiHawmf\ tcsKyftjcmtmPmonf EdkifiHom;rsm;xHrS qif;oufNyD;
Edik if aH wmfwpf0ef;vk;H rSmwnfonf?
(i) Edik if aH wmf\ ajrxk? a&xk? avxkyg0ifaom e,ferd w d o f nf Edik if aH wmf
zGUJ pnf;yktH ajccHOya' twnfjzpfonhaf eYwiG f wnf&o dS nft h wdik ;f jzpfonf/

Edik if aH wmf\OD;wnfcsuEf iS pfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnhrf rl sm; -

2/ Edik if aH wmfonf -
(u) jynfaxmifpk rNyKd uaJG &;?
(c) wdik ;f &if;om; pnf;vk;H nDñw G rf I rNyKd uaJG &;?
(*) tcsKyt f jcmtmPm wnfwchH ikd Nf raJ &;?
(C) ppfreS í f pnf;urf;jynf0h aom ygwDp'Hk rD u kd a&pDpepf xGe;f um;a&;?
(i) Edik if aH wmfü w&m;rQwjcif;? vGwv f yfjcif;ESifh nDrQjcif;wnf;[laom avmu
ygvw&m;rsm; ydrk x
kd eG ;f um;a&;?
(p) Edik if aH wmf\ trsK;d om;Edik if aH &;OD;aqmifrI tcef;u@wGif wyfrawmfu
yg0ifxrf;aqmifEikd af &;wduYk kd tpOfwpdu k f OD;wnfonf/
 2
ygwDp'Hk rD u
kd a&pDEiS pfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
3/ - Edik if aH wmfonfppfreS í f pnf;urf;jynf0h aom ygwDp'Hk rD u
kd a&pDpepfuu
kd sio
fh ;Hk onf/

Edik if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;wnfaqmufyEHk iS pfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

4/ (u) Edik if aH wmfukd jynfaxmifppk epfjzihf zGUJ pnf;wnfaqmufonf?
(c) &S&d if;pGJ wdik ;f (7) wdik ;f udk wkid ;f a'oBu;D (Region) (7) cktjzpfvnf;aumif;?
&S&d if;pGJ jynfe,f (7) jynfe,fukd jynfe,f (State) (7) jynfe,ftjzpf
vnf;aumif; ykid ;f jcm;owfrw S o f nf/ xdk wkid ;f a'oBu;D (7) ckEiS fh jynfe,f
(7) jynfe,fwo Ykd nf tqiht f wef; wlnMD uonf?
(*) xkw d ikd ;f a'oBu;D (7) ckEiS fh jynfe,f (7) jynfe,fw\ Ykd trnfrsm;udk &S&d if;pGJ
twdik ;f ac:qdo k ;Hk EIe;f onf?
(C) wdik ;f a'oBu;D wpfcck \ k trnfujkd zpfap? jynfe,f wpfe,fe,f\ trnfukd
jzpfap ajymif;vJowfrw S vf v kd Qif oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,ftwGi;f aexdik Mf uaom Edik if o H m;rsm;\qE´&,lNy;D Oya'jy|mef;
jcif;jzifh ajymif;vJowfrw S rf nf?
(i) Edik if aH wmfwiG yf g0ifonhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D rsm;? jynfe,frsm;? ud, k yf ikd f tkycf sKycf iG &fh
pD&ifprk sm; ponhf Edik if aH wmf\ e,fajrtydik ;f tjcm;[lorQonf Edik if aH wmfrS
rnfonft h cgrS cGrJ xGu&f /

Ekid if aH wmftcsKyt
f jcmtmPmydik ;f jcm;cGaJ 0jcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f onhf tajccH&rnhrf rl sm; -
5/ (u) Edik if aH wmf tcsKyt f jcmtmPm\ cufrok;H jzmjzpfonhf Oya'jyKa&;tmPm?
tkycf sKyaf &;tmPmESifh w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmwdu Yk kd wwfEikd o
f rQ ydik ;f jcm;
ok;H pGjJ cif;ESihf tcsi;f csi;f tjyeftvSef xde;f ausmif;jcif;wdYk jyKonf?
 3
(c) xko
d yYkd ikd ;f jcm;xm;onfh Edik if aH wmftmPmok;H &yfukd jynfaxmifp?k wdik ;f a'oBu;D
rsm;? jynfe,frsm;ESihf ud,
k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifprk sm;tm; cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onf/

Oya'jyKa&;ESipfh yfvsO;f onhf tajccH&rnhrf rl sm; -

6/ (u) Edik if aH wmf\ Oya'jyKa&;tmPmudk jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf? wdik ;f a'oBu;D
vTwfawmfESihf jynfe,fvTwfawmfrsm;tm; cGJa0tyfESif;onf? udk,fydkif
tkycf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifprk sm;tm; Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'u owfrw S af om
Oya'jyKa&;tmPmudk cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f rnf?
(c) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfwiG f NrKd Ue,fut dk ajccHívnf;aumif;? vlO;D a&ukd
tajccHívnf;aumif; a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonfh vTwaf wmfwpf&yf? wkid ;f
a'oBuD;rsm;ESifh jynfe,frsm;rS ukd,fpm;vS,fOD;a&wlnDpGm a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufonfh vTwaf wmfwpf&yf? aygif;ESp&f yfyg&So d nf?
(*) wdik ;f a'oBu;D (7) ckwiG f wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf wpf&yfpED iS hf jynfe,f (7)
jynfe,fwiG f jynfe,fvw T af wmfwpf&yfp&D o dS nf?
(C) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf? wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmfEiS hf jynfe,fvw T af wmfrsm;
wGif vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;tjzpf Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya't&
owfrw S o f nhf OD;a&twdik ;f wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f trnfpm&if;
wifoiG ;f onhf wyfrawmfom;rsm;yg0ifonf?
(i) avsmfuefoifhjrwfonhf vlOD;a&&Sdonfh wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;rsm;twGuf
oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fEiS fh ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifpk
Oya'jyKa&;wGif xkw d ikd ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;yg0ifciG &fh o dS nf/

tkycf sKyaf &;ESipfh yfvsO;f onhf tajccH&rnhrf rl sm; -

7/ (u) Edik if aH wmftyk cf sKyaf &; tBu;D tuJonf Ekid if aH wmfor®w jzpfonf?
 4
(c) Edik if aH wmftyk cf sKyaf &;tmPmudk jynfaxmifp?k wdik ;f a'oBu;D ESifh jynfe,f
rsm;tm; cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onf/ ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifprk sm;tm; ud, k yf ikd f
tkycf sKyaf &;tmPmudk Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykH tajccHOya't& owfrw S af y;
onft h wdik ;f cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f rnf?
(*) jynfaxmifp?k wdik ;f a'oBu;D ? jynfe,f? uk, d yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifpEk iS fh c½dik f
tkycf sKyaf &;wdw Yk iG f umuG,af &;? vkNH cKH a&;? e,fpyftyk cf sKyaf &; ponfh wm0efrsm;
xrf;aqmif&ef wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f onfh
wyfrawmfom;rsm;yg0ifonf?
(C) txuftyd'k f 6? tyd'k cf JG (i) t& oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fESihf udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& pD&ifpkOya'jyKa&;wGif udk,fpm;vS,f
yg0ifciG &hf &So d nhf wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d jzpfvQif xdk wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fESihf udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& pD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&;wGif t"dutm;jzihf
xkdwkdif;&if;om; vlrsK;d rsm;a&;&mudk aqmif&u G Ef ikd af &;twGuf wdik ;f &if;om;
vlrsK;d ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm; yg0ifciG jfh yK&efjzpfonf/

w&m;pD&ifa&;ESipfh yfvsO;f onhf tajccH&rnhrf rl sm; -

8/ (u) EdkifiHawmf\w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmudk jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf?
wdik ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfrsm;? jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmfrsm;ESifh ud, k yf ikd f
tkycf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifpw
k &m;½k;H rsm; tygt0if tqihq f ihaf omw&m;½k;H rsm;tm;
cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onf?
(c) jynfaxmifpkwGif jynfaxmifpk w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfwpf&yf xm;&Sdonf?
jynfaxmifpk w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f nf Edik if aH wmf\ tjrihq f ;Hk w&m;½k;H jzpfonf?
(*) jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfwGif pmcRefawmftrdefYrsm; xkwfydkifcGihf
tmPmrsm; &So d nf?
 5
(C) wdkif;a'oBuD;wGif wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfwpf&yfpDvnf;aumif;?
jynfe,fwikd ;f wGif jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf wpf&yfpv D nf;aumif;xm;&So d nf?
(i) atmufygwdu Yk kd w&m;pD&ifa&;rlrsm;tjzpf owfrw S o f nf -
- Oya'ESit fh nD vGwvf yfpmG w&m;pD&ifa&;?
- Oya't&uefo Y wfcsurf sm;rSty jynfoUl a&SUarSmufwiG f w&m;pD&ifa&;?
- trIrsm;wGif Oya't& ckcaH csycGiEhf iS hf t,lcyH idk cf iG &hf &Sad &;/

wyfrawmfEiS hf pyfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

9/ (u) wyfrawmfonf tiftm;awmifhwif;NyD; acwfrDonfh wpfckwnf;aom
wyfrawmfjzpfonf?
(c) wyfrawmfonf wyfyikd ;f qdik &f mudpt ö m;vH;k udk vGwv
f yfpmG pDrcH efcY pJG &D if
aqmif&uG yf ikd cf iG &hf o
dS nf?
(*) wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfonf vufeufudkif wyfzGJUtm;vHk;\
tBu;D tuJjzpfonf?
(C) wyfrawmfonf Edik if aH wmfvNkH cKH a&;ESihf umuG,af &;wGif jynfow l pf&yfv;kH
yg0ifa&;twGuf pDraH qmif&u G cf iG &hf odS nf?
(i) jynfaxmifpk rNydKuGJa&;? wkdif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDñGwfrI rNydKuGJa&;ESifh
tcsKyftjcmtmPm wnfwHhcdkifNrJa&;wdkYudk umuG,fapmifha&Smuf&ef
wyfrawmfwiG f t"duwm0ef&o dS nf?
(p) wyfrawmfonf Edik if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'udk umuG,af pmifah &Smuf&ef
t"du wm0ef&o dS nf/
 6
Edik if o
H m;? Edik if o
H m;rsm;\ rlvtcGit
hf a&;? wm0efrsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
10/ (u) Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf Edik if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'wGif owfrw S jf y|mef;xm;
onfh wef;wlnDrQrI tcGifhta&;? vGwfvyfrItcGifhta&;? w&m;rQwrI
tcGit hf a&; ponfwYkd cHpm;cGi&hf rdS nf?
(c) w&m;½H;k \ cGijhf yKcsurf &&Su d Edik if o
H m;wpfO;D udk (24) em&Dxuf ausmv f eG í
f
csKyaf ESmifxm;cGihf r&Sad p&?
(*) jynfow l \
Ydk at;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf w&m;Oya'pd;k rd;k a&;wko Yd nf Edik if o
H m;
wdik ;f \ wm0efjzpfonf?
(C) Edik if oH m;rsm;\ vGwv f yfciG ?hf vkyyf ikd cf iG ?hf cHpm;cGi?hf wm0efEiS hf wm;jrpfcsurf sm;
xda&mufcikd rf m jynfph akH p&ef vdt k yfaomOya'jy|mef;rnf/

wdik ;f &if;om;rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

11/ (u) Edik if aH wmfonf wkid ;f &if;om;rsm;\ pum;? pmay? tEkynm? ,Ofaus;rIwu Ykd kd
zGNYH zKd ;wk;d wufap&ef ulnaD qmif&u G rf nf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfonf wkid ;f &if;om;tcsi;f csi;f pnf;vH;k nDñw G af &;? cspMf unfav;pm;
a&;ESihf ½dik ;f yif;ulnaD &;wdYk wd;k wufjzpfxeG ;f ap&ef ulnaD qmif&u G rf nf?
(*) Edik if aH wmfonf wd;k wufzUHG NzKd ;rI enf;yg;aeonfh wkid ;f &if;om;rsm;\ ynma&;?
usef;rma&;? pD;yGm;a&;? vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&; ponfwkdY yg0ifaom
vlrpI ;D yGm;a&; wd;k wufzUHG NzKd ;a&;twGuf ulnaD qmif&u G rf nf/

awmifov
l ,form;rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
12/ (u) EdkifiHawmfonf awmifolv,form;rsm;\ tcGifhta&;rsm; umuG,f
apmifah &Smuf&ef vdt
k yfonfh Oya'rsm;jy|mef;aqmif&u G rf nf?
 7
(c) awmifov
l ,form;rsm; pdu k yf sKd ;xkwvf yk o
f nfh aumufyo
J ;D ESrH sm; oifw
h ifh
rQwonfh wefz;kd &&S&d ef ulnaD qmif&u G rf nf/

tvkyo
f rm;rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
13/ Edik if aH wmfonftvkyo f rm;rsm;\ tcGit hf a&;rsm;umuG,af pmifah &Smuf&ef
vdt k yfonfh Oya'rsm;jy|mef;aqmif&u G rf nf/

todynm&Si?f twwfynm&Sirf sm;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

14/ Edik if aH wmfonf todynm&Si?f twwfynm&Sirf sm;\tusKd ;udk ulnaD qmif&u
G f
rnf/

Edik if 0Hh efxrf;rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

15/ (u) Edik if 0hH efxrf;rsm;onf ygwDEikd if aH &;ESihf uif;&Si;f &rnf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfonf Edik if 0hH efxrf;rsm;\ vkyif ef;cGif tmrcHcsu&f &Sad &;? pm;0wfaerI
zlvakH &;? tdraf xmif&iS f trsKd ;orD;0efxrf;rsm; rD;zGm;jcif;qdik &f m tusKd;cHpm;cGihf
&&Sad &;ESihf tNird ;f pm;0efxrf;rsm; pm;0wfaerI oufomacsmifcsad &;wdt Yk wGuf
vdtk yfonfh Oya'rsm;jy|mef;rnf/

trsKd ;om;,Ofaus;rIEiS phf yfvsO;f onft

h ajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
16/ Edik if aH wmfonf trsK;d om;,Ofaus;rI zGUH jzKd ;wk;d wufcidk rf ma&;ESihf apmifah &Smuf
xde;f odr;f a&;twGuf ulnaD qmif&u G rf nf/

ynma&;? use;f rma&;ESiphf yfvsO;f onft

h ajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
17/ (u) Edik if aH wmfonf jynforl sm;\ ynma&;ESihf use;f rma&; wd;k wufapa&;wdYk
twGuf tav;xm;aqmif&u G rf nf?
 8
(c) Edik if aH wmfonf jynforl sm;\ ynma&;ESihf use;f rma&;wdw Yk iG f wdik ;f &if;om;
jynforl sm;u yg0ifaqmif&u G Ef ikd &f ef vdt
k yfrnfh Oya'jy|mef;aqmif&u G rf nf?
(*) Edik if aH wmfonf tcrJrh oifrae& rlvwef;ynma&;pepf azmfaqmifrnf?
(C) Ekid if aH wmfonf bufpt kH awG;tac: t,ltqrSeu f efí tusipfh m&dwå
aumif;rGefNyD; EdkifiHawmfwnfaqmufa&;twGuf tusKd;jyKrnfh acwfrD
ynma&;pepf azmfaqmifrnf/

pdu
k yf sK;d a&;ESipfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
18/ Ekid if aH wmfonf vufrv I ,f,mrS pufrv I ,f,modUk ul;ajymif;Ekid &f ef enf;ynm?
t&if;tES;D ? pufypön;f ? ukeMf urf; tp&So
d nfwUkd udk twwfEikd q
f ;kH jznfq
h nf;rnf/

pufrv
I ufrEI iS pfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
19/ Ekid if aH wmfonf pufrv I ufrvI yk if ef;rsm; wd;k wufzUHG NzKd ;a&;twGuf vdt
k yfonfh
enf;ynm? t&if;tES;D ? pufypön;f ? ukeMf urf;tp&So d nfwUkd udk twwfEikd q
f ;kH
jznfq h nf;rnf/

tvkyt
f udik Ef iS pfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
20/ Ekid if aH wmfonf jynforl sm; tvkyv f ufrhJ enf;yg;ap&ef wwfEikd o
f rQ ulnaD qmif
&Gurf nf/

rdcif? uav;? tdrk if;rpGr;f olrsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

21/ (u) Edik if aH wmfonf rdcifEiS u fh av;oli,frsm;? rdbrJu h av;rsm;? usq;kH aom
wyfrawmfom;rsm;\ uav;rsm;? tdrk if;rpGr;f olrsm;? roefrpGr;f olrsm;tm;
Munf½h aI pmihaf &Smufrnf?
 9
(c) Ekid if aH wmfonf roefrpGr;f jzpfvmaom wyfrawmfom;rsm;tm; oihw
f ifh
avsmufywfpGm aexdkifpm;aomufEkdifap&efESihf toufarG;ynmudk
tcvGwo f if,El idk af p&ef pDraH qmif&u
G rf nf/

vli,fEiS pfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

22/ Ekid if aH wmfonf vli,frsm; rsK;d csppf w
d "f mwf &Sio
f efxufjrufa&;? tawG;tac:
rSeu
f efa&;ESifh Avig;wef wd;k wufzUHG NzKd ;a&;wdUk twGuf aqmif&u
G rf nf/

bmom omoema&;ESipfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

23/ Nird 0f yfyjd ym;a&;ESiafh omfvnf;aumif;? jynfoUl ud, k u
f siw fh &m;ESiafh omf vnf;aumif;?
jynfolUusef;rma&;ESihfaomfvnf;aumif;? EdkifiHawmfzJGUpnf;yHk tajccHOya'yg
tjcm;jy|mef;csuw f Ukd ESiafh omfvnf;aumif; rqefUusiv f Qif Ekid if o
H m;wdik ;f onf bmom
omoema&;wGif vGwv f yfpmG ,lqEkid af om tcGitfh a&;? vGwv f yfpmG ud;k uG,f
aqmufwnfEidk af om tcGit fh a&;wdUk udk tnDtrQ&&S&d rnf/

pD;yGm;a&;ESipfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

24/ (u) Ekid if aH wmf\ pD;yGm;a&;pepfonf aps;uGupf ;D yGm;a&;pepf jzpfonf?
( c ) Ekid if aH wmfonf trsK;d om;pD;yGm;a&; wd;k wufzUG NH zKd ;a&;twGuf Edik if aH wmf? a'o
qdik &f mtzGUJ tpnf;rsm;? or0g,rtzGUJ tpnf;rsm;? zufpyftzGUJ tpnf;rsm;?
yk*v ¾ u d ponfh pD;yGm;a&; tiftm;pktm;vH;k udk pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;wGif
yg0ifaqmif&u G cf iG jhf yKonf?
( * ) Ekid if aH wmfonf pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;wGif w&m;ojzifh ,SONf yKd ijf cif;udk ysujf ym;
ap&ef wpfO;D wpfa,mufujzpfap? tpktzJUG ujzpfap vuf0g;Bu;D tkyaf qmif&u
G rf I
 10
odkUr[kwf aps;upm;rIjyKjcif;jzifh trsm;jynfolwdkU\ tusKd;pD;yGm;udk
xdcu kd ef pfemapjcif;rS wm;qD;umuG,rf nf?
(C) Ekid if aH wmfonf trsm;jynfow l Ukd \ aexdik rf t
I qift h wef; jri§ w hf ifa&;ESifh
taxGaxGt&if;tES;D rsm; wd;k wufzUHG NzKd ;a&;wdUk udk a&S;½Iaqmif&u G rf nf?
(i) Edik if aH wmfonf pD;yGm;a&;qdik &f m vkyif ef;rsm;udk Edik if yH ikd f odr;f ,ljcif;rjyK?
(p) Ekid if aH wmfonf w&m;0ifxw k af 0xm;aom aiGaMu;udk w&m;r0ifaiGaMu;
tjzpf owfrw
S jf cif;rjyK/

ajr? a&? av? o,HZmwypön;f ESipfh yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

25/ (u) Ekid if aH wmfonf Ekid if aH wmf&dS ajrtm;vH;k ? ajray: ajratmuf? a&ay: a&atmuf
avxktwGi;f &Sd o,HZmwypön;f tm;vH;k \ yif&if;ydik &f iS f jzpfonf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfonf Edik if yH ikd f o,HZmwypön;f rsm;tm; pD;yGm;a&; tiftm;pkrsm;u
xkw, f ol ;Hk pGjJ cif;udk uGyu f BJ u;D MuyfEikd &f ef vdt k yfonfh Oya'jy|mef;rnf?
(*) Edik if aH wmfonf Edik if o H m;rsm;tm; ypön;f ydik q f ikd cf iG ?hf tarGqufccH iG ?hf ud,
k yf ikd f
vkyu f ikd cf iG ?hf wDxiG cf iG Ehf iS hf rlyikd cf iG w
hf u
Ydk kd Oya'jy|mef;csuEf iS t hf nD cGijhf yKrnf/

a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

26/ (u) Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf Oya'ESit
hf nD a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufciG Ehf iS hf a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG hf &&Srd nf?
(c) a&G;aumufwifajr§mufxm;aom jynfolUudk,fpm;vS,fudk oufqdkif&m
rJqE´&iS rf sm;u Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;csurf sm;ESihf tnD
wm0efrjS yefvnf½yk o
f rd ;f cGi&hf o
dS nf/
 11
Edik if aH &;ygwDrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -
27/ Edik if aH wmfonf ppfreS í
f pnf;urf;jynf0h aom ygwDp'Hk rD u
kd a&pDpepf xGe;f um;a&;
twGuf Edik if aH &;ygwDrsm;udk pepfwuszUJG pnf;Edik &f ef vdtk yfonfh Oya'jy|mef;
aqmif&u G rf nf/

ta&;ay:umvESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

28/ (u) wdkif;a'oBuD;wpfckwGifjzpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fwGifjzpfap? udk,fydkif
tkycf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpw k pfpw k iG jf zpfap tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f mvkyif ef;rsm;udk Edik if aH wmf
zGUJ pnf;ykH tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD aqmif&u G Ef ikd jf cif; r&So
d nfh
ta&;ay:tajctae ay:aygufvQif Edik if aH wmfor®wonf xdk wdik ;f a'oBu;D ?
jynfe,f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifp\ k tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f m tcGihf
tmPmudk ok;H pGaJ qmif&u G cf iG &hf o
dS nf/ xdo k Ykd aqmif&u G &f mü vdt k yfvQif xdk
wdik ;f a'oBu;D ? jynfe,f okUd r[kwf ud, k yf ikd f tkycf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpEk iS o hf ufqikd o f nfh
Oya'jyKtcGit hf mPmrsm;udk Edik if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'wGif owfrw S f
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD Edik if aH wmfor®wu ok;H pGaJ qmif&u G cf iG &fh o dS nf?
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D wpfcw k iG jf zpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fwiG jf zpfap? ud, k yf ikd f tkycf sKycf iG &hf
pD&ifpkwpfpkwGifjzpfap? jynfolrsm;\ touftdk;tdrfpnf;pdrfudk xdyg;
tEÅ&m,fjyKrnfh ta&;ay:tajctaeay:aygufvQif odrYk [kwf ay:ayguf&ef
vkaH vmufaom taMumif;&Sv d Qif xdt k EÅ&m,fukd wyfrawmfonf Edik if aH wmf
zGUJ pnf;ykH tajccHOya'wGif owfrw S jf y|mef;xm;csurf sm;ESit hf nD wm;qD;
umuG,af pmifah &SmufciG &hf o dS nf?
(*) Edik if aH wmf\ tcsKyt f jcmtmPmudk qlyal omif;use;f rI? tMurf;zufrpI aom
t"r®enf;jzifh &,l&efaqmif&u G jf cif;? odrYk [kwf MuKd ;yrf;tm;xkwjf cif;aMumifh
 12
jynfaxmifpNk yKd uaJG prnf?h wdik ;f &if;om; pnf;vk;H nDñwG rf NI yKd uaJG prnfh odrYk [kwf
tcsKyf t jcmtmPm vuf v G w f q k H ; ½I H ; aprnh f ta&;ay:tajctae
ay:aygufvQif wyfrawmf umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyo f nf Edik if aH wmftmPmudk
EdkifiHawmf zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya'wGif owfrSwfjy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnD
&,lo;Hk pGcJ iG &hf o
dS nf/

Edik if jH cm;a&;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

29/ (u) Edik if aH wmfonf vGwv f yfíwuf<uNy;D bufrvdu k af om Edik if jH cm;a&;0g'udk
usio hf ;Hk onf/ urÇmNh ird ;f csr;f a&;ESihf Edik if t
H csi;f csi;f rdw0f wfrysuaf ygif;zuf
qufqaH &;udk a&S;&Ionf? Edik if t H csi;f csi;f Nird ;f csr;f pGm twl,OS w f aJG exdik af &;
rlrsm;udk apmifx h ed ;f onf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfonf rnfonfEh ikd if u H rdk S pwifusL;ausmf wdu k cf u
kd jf cif;rjyK?
(*) Edik if aH wmftwGi;f rnfonfEh ikd if jH cm;wyfzUJG udrk Q wyfcsciG rhf jyK/

jypfrjI ypf'PfEiS phf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

30/ (u) rnfonfjh ypfrq I ikd &f mOya'rQ aemufaMumif;jyeftmPm oufa&mufap&ef
jy|mef;cGirhf &Sd ?
(c) vlUodum© ñ§Kd ;EGr;f ao;odraf ponfh jypf'Pfjy|mef;cGirhf &S/d

obm0ywf0ef;usiEf iS phf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

31/ Edik if aH wmfonf obm0ywf0ef;usiu f kd umuG,x f ed ;f odr;f apmifah &Smufrnf/

taxGaxGjy|mef;csurf sm;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm; -

32/ Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;udk teuft"dymÜ ,f zGiq
hf jkd cif;?
jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmf? wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmfrsm;ESihf jynfe,fvw
T af wmfrsm;u
 13
jy|mef;onfh Oya'rsm;onfvnf;aumif;? jynfaxmifpk? wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;?
jynfe,frsm;ESihf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifprk sm;\ tkycf sKyrf qI ikd &f m tmPmydik rf sm;\
aqmif&u G cf surf sm;onf vnf;aumif; Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ESihf nDñw G rf I
&S?d r&Sd pdppfjcif;? jynfaxmifpEk iS hf wdik ;f a'oBu;D tMum;? jynfaxmifpEk iS hf jynfe,f
tMum;? wdik ;f a'oBu;D tcsi;f csi;f ? jynfe,f tcsi;f csi;f ? wdik ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fEiS fh ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifpt k Mum;? ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpk
tcsi;f csi;f jzpfay:onfh Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykH tajccHOya'qdik &f m tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;ukd
Mum;emqk;H jzwfjcif;ESihf Edik if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'u tyfEiS ;f onfh tjcm;
wm0efrsm; aqmif&u G jf cif;wdYk jyKEidk &f ef Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykH tajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk
wpf½;Hk udk zGUJ pnf;rnf/
 tcef; (2)
Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;wnfaqmufyt
Hk cef;

Chapter (II)

The State Structure

 15
tcef; (2)
Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;wnfaqmufyHk

1/ Edik if aH wmfukd jynfaxmifppk epfjzihf zGUJ pnf;wnfaqmufonf/

2/ Edik if aH wmfukd atmufyg wdik ;f a'oBu;D (Region) (7) ck? jynfe,f (State) (7) jynfe,f
ESifh jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;jzihf ydik ;f jcm;owfrw
S o
f nf/
- ucsijf ynfe,f?
- u,m;jynfe,?f
- u&ifjynfe,f?
- csi;f jynfe,f?
- ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f a'oBu;D ?
- weoFm&Dwikd ;f a'oBu;D ?
- yJc;l wdik ;f a'oBu;D ?
- rauG;wdik ;f a'oBu;D ?
- rEÅav;wdik ;f a'oBu;D ?
- rGejf ynfe,f?
- &cdik jf ynfe,f?
- &efuek w f ikd ;f a'oBu;D ?
- &Sr;f jynfe,f?
- {&m0wDwikd ;f a'oBu;D ESifh
- jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;/

3/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D ESifh jynfe,ftoD;oD;wdUk onf tqiht

f wef;wlnMD uonf/
 16
4/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D wpfcck \
k trnfujkd zpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fe,f\ trnfujkd zpfap
ajymif;vJ owfrw S vf vkd Qif oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f
aexdik Mf uonhf qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &fh adS om Edik if o
H m;rsm;\ qE´&,lNy;D Oya'jy|mef;jcif;jzihf
ajymif;vJ owfrw S rf nf/
jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm; owfrw S jf cif;
5/ (u) Edik if aH wmf\ NrKd Uawmfjzpfonhf aejynfawmfukd Edik if aH wmfor®w\ wdu k ½f u kd f
tkycf sKyrf aI tmufwiG x f m;&So d nhf jynfaxmifpek ,fajrtjzpf owfrw S of nf/
( c ) Edik if aH wmfumuG,af &;? vkNH cKaH &;? tkycf sKyaf &;? pD;yGm;a&; ponfwUkd ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D
xl;jcm;aomtajctae&So d nhf e,fajrrsm;udk jynfaxmifpek ,fajrtjzpf
owfrw S &f ef vdt
k yfvQif Oya'jy|mef;Ny;D Edik if aH wmfor®w\ wdu k ½f u kd t f yk cf sKyrf I
atmufwiG x
f m;&So
d nhf jynfaxmifpek ,fajrtjzpf owfrw
S Ef ikd o
f nf/
Edik if aH wmfukd pkpnf;jcif;
6/ Ekid if aH wmfupdk pk nf;jcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f í -
- aus;&Gmrsm;udk aus;&Gmtkypf t k jzpfvnf;aumif;?
- &yfuu G rf sm;udk NrKd U odrYk [kwf NrKd Ue,ftjzpfvnf;aumif;?
- aus;&Gmtkypf Ek iS fh &yfuu G rf sm; odrYk [kwf NrKd Ursm;udk NrKd Ue,ftjzpfvnf;aumif;?
- NrKd Ue,frsm;udk c½dik t f jzpfvnf;aumif;?
- c½dik rf sm;udk wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,ftjzpfvnf;aumif;?
- ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'owGif xdak 'otwGi;f &Sd Nrd KUe,frsm;udk ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKyf
cGi&fh a'otjzpfvnf;aumif;?
- ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f wGif xdw k ikd ;f twGi;f &Sd NrdKUe,frsm;udk c½dik t f jzpfppk nf;Ny;D
,if;c½dik rf sm;udk ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f tjzpfvnf;aumif;?
- wdik ;f a'oBu;D wpfck odrYk [kwf jynfe,fwpfe,fwiG f ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f
odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o&Syd gu ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f ? ud, k yf ikd f
 17
tkycf sKycf iG &fh a'oESifh c½dik rf sm;udk wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftjzpf
vnf;aumif;?
- wdik ;f a'oBu;D rsm;? jynfe,frsm;ESifh jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;udk Edik if aH wmftjzpf
vnf;aumif; pkpnf;&rnf/
7/ Edik if aH wmfwiG f yg0ifonhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D rsm;? jynfe,frsm;? jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;?
ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifprk sm;ponhf Edik if aH wmf\ e,fajrtydik ;f tjcm;[lorQonf
Edik if aH wmfrS rnfonht f cgrS cGrJ xGu&f /

Edik if aH wmfe,ferd w d jf yifqifjcif;

8/ (u) Edik if aH wmfe,ferd w d uf kd jyifqifowfrw S &f ef vdt
k yfygu Edik if aH wmfor®wonf
jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf tBu;D tuJxH Edik if aH wmf e,ferd w d jf yifqifowfrw S af &;
twGuf jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf\ oabmxm;udk &,lay;yg&ef yxrOD;pGm
taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfe,ferd w d f jyifqifowfrw S af &;twGuf Edik if aH wmfor®w\ taMumif;
Mum;pm &&So d ñht f cg jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tBu;D tuJonf atmufyg
twdik ;f vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;\ qE´ukd &,l&rnf/
(1) wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;ESihf jynfe,frsm;rS udk,fpm;vS,fOD;a&wlnDpGm
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufxm;onhf vTwaf wmfwiG yf g&Sad om vTwaf wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;\ xuf0ufausmf axmufcq H E´r?J
(2) NrKd Ue,fut kd ajccHívnf;aumif;? vlO;D a&udt k ajccHívnf;aumif;
a&G;aumuf wifajrm§ ufxm;onhf vTwaf wmfwiG yf g&Sad om ud, k pf m;vS,f
rsm;\ xuf0ufausmf axmufcq H E´r?J
(3) xdkvTwfawmfESpf&yf&Sd oufqdkif&me,fedrdwfESihf tusKH;0ifaom
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,frS vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;\
xuf0ufausmf axmufcq H E´r/J
 18
(*) txufygtwdik ;f axmufcq H E´rJ toD;oD;&&Sv d Qif Edik if aH wmfe,ferd w d u
f kd
vdt k yfovdk jyifqifowfrw S af y;&ef jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tBu;D tuJu
Edik if aH wmfor®wxH taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
(C) txufyg owfrw S x
f m;aom enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD vTwaf wmfwpf&yf&yfu
jzpfap? xdkvTwfawmfESpf&yf&Sd oufqdkif&m e,fedrdwfESihf tusKH;0ifaom
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,frS vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;ujzpfap
e,ferd w d jf yifqifa&;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D oabmrwlaMumif; qk;H jzwfvQif jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf\oabmxm;udk &,laqmif&u G &f rnf/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf
uk, d pf m;vS,pf pk ak ygif;\ av;yko H ;Hk ykEH iS tfh xufu axmufcv H Qif Edik if aH wmf
e,ferd w d u f kd vdtk yfovdk jyifqifowfrw S af y;&ef jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf
tBu;D tuJu Edik if aH wmfor®wxH taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
(i) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf\ oabmxm;udk &&So d nht f cg Edik if aH wmfe,ferd w d f
jyifqifowfrw S af &;ESipfh yfvsO;f í Edik if aH wmfor®wu vdt k yfovdk aqmif&u G f
&rnf/
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fwpfe,f\ e,ferd w d jf yifqifjcif;
9/ (u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fwpfe,f\ e,ferd w d u f kd jyifqifowfrw S &f ef
taMumif;ay:aygufvmygu ,if;e,ferd w d Ef iS t fh usK;H 0ifonhf NrKd Ue,ftwGi;f
aexdik Mf uaom qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &fh o dS rl sm;\ qE´oabmxm;udk OD;pGmyxr
&,l&rnf?
( c ) ,if;odYk &,lonht f cg ,if;NrKd Ue,ftwGi;f aexdik Mf uonhf qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &fh o dS l
OD;a&pkpak ygif;\ xuf0ufausmf axmufcq H E´rrJ &vQif ,if;e,ferd w d jf yifqif
owfrw S jf cif;udk aqmif&u G jf cif; vk;H 0rjyK&?
( * ) ,if;NrKd Ue,ftwGi;f aexdik Mf uaom qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &fh o dS l OD;a&pkpak ygif;\
xuf0ufausmfu e,fedrdwfjyifqifoihfaMumif; axmufcHqE´rJay;vQif
 19
,if;e,fedrdwfESihf tusK;H 0ifonhf oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;\ qE´&,l&rnf?
(C) oufqdkif&m wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f
pkpkaygif;\ av;ykHokH;ykHESihftxuf axmufcHqE´rJ&&SdvQif jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf\ oabmwlncD suu f &kd ,lNy;D Edik if aH wmfor®wu wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fwpfe,f\ e,ferd w d u f kd jyifqifowfrw S af y;&rnf?
(i ) oufqdkif&m wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf wpf&yf&yfu
e,ferd w d jf yifqif&ef oabmrwlaMumif;qk;H jzwfvQif jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\
tqk;H tjzwfukd &,l&rnf?
( p ) jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a&\ av;yko H ;Hk ykEH iS t
fh xufu
e,ferd w d f jyifqifoihaf Mumif; axmufcq H E´raJ y;vQif Edik if aH wmfor®wu
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f\ e,ferd w d uf kd vdt k yfovdk jyifqifowfrw S f
ay;&rnf/
aus;&Gm? aus;&Gmtkypf ?k &yfuu G ?f NrKd U? NrKd Ue,f odrYk [kwf c½dik f e,ferd w d jf yifqifjcif;
10/ oufqdkif&m wdkif;a'oBuD;? jynfe,f? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& wdkif; odkYr[kwf
ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'otwGi;f ü&Sad om aus;&Gm? aus;&Gmtkypf ?k &yfuu G ?f NrKd U?
NrKd Ue,f odrYk [kwf c½dik ef ,ferd w d rf sm; jyifqif&ef? zGUJ pnf;&ef odrYk [kwf trnf
ajymif;vJ&efay:aygufvQif oufqdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,f
tkycf sKyaf &;tmPmydik u f Edik if aH wmfor®wxH axmufcw H ifjyNy;D Edik if aH wmfor®wu
vdt k yfovdk aqmif&u G af y;&rnf/
ud,
k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'otrnf ajymif;vJjcif;
11/ ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f wpfcck \ k trnfujkd zpfap? ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o
wpfcck \ k trnfujkd zpfapajymif;vJowfrw S v f v kd Qiw f ikd ;f a'oBu;D wpfcck \ k trnfukd
jzpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fe,f\ trnfujkzd pfap ajymif;vJowfrw S of nhf enf;vrf;twdik ;f
ajymif;vJowfrw S &f rnf/
 20
ud,
k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f ESifh ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oowfrw S jf cif;
12/ uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wkid ;f ESihf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'orsm;ukd atmufygtwkid ;f
owfrw S o f nf -
(u) ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f &Sd av&S;D NrKd Ue,f? v[,fNrKd Ue,fEiS fh eef;,Ge;f NrKd Ue,fwUkd udk pkpnf;Ny;D
em* ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o?
( c ) &Sr;f jynfe,f&d S &GmiHNrdKUe,fEiS f h yif;w,Nrd KUe,fwY k dudk pkpnf;Ny;D "Eku, k d yf ik d t f yk cf sKycf iG &f h
a'o?
(*) &Sr;f jynfe,f&dS [kyd ek ;f NrKd Ue,f? qDqikd Nf rKd Ue,fEiS fh yifavmif;NrdKUe,fwu Ykd kd pkpnf;Ny;D
ytd0k ;f ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o?
(C) &Sr;f jynfe,f&dS erhq f efNrKd Ue,fEiS fh refwNHk rKd Ue,fwu Ykd kd pkpnf;Ny;D yavmifu, kd yf ikd f
tkycf sKycf iG &fh a'o?
(i) &Sr;f jynfe,f&dS uke;f Murf;NrKd Ue,fEiS fh avmufuikd Nf rKd Ue,fwUkd udk pkpnf;Ny;D ud;k uefY
ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o?
(p) &Sr;f jynfe,f&dS [dyk efNrKd Ue,f? rdik ;f armNrKd Ue,f? yef0ikd Nf rKd Ue,f? em;zef;NrKd Ue,f?
rufref;NrKd Ue,fEiS fh yefqef; (yef;crf;) NrKd Ue,f ajcmufNrKd Ue,fwUkd udk c½dik Ef pS cf ½dik f
zGUJ Ny;D ]]0}} ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f /
 tcef; (3)
Edik if aH wmftBu;D tuJtcef;

Chapter (III)

The Head of State

 21
tcef; (3)
Edik if aH wmftBu;D tuJ

1/ Edik if aH wmftBu;D tuJonf Edik if aH wmfor®wjzpfonf/

2/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf Edik if aH wmfukd ud,
k pf m;jyKonf/
3/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if aH wmfwpf0ef;vk;H wGif Edik if o
H m;
tm;vk;H \ txGwt
f xdyaf e&m &&So
d nf/
Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm;\ t&nftcsi;f rsm;
4/ (u) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf Edik if aH wmfEiS fh Edik if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d jl zpf&rnf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf rdrEd iS rfh rd \d rdbESpyf g;vk;H Edik if aH wmf\ tmPmydik ef uf
twGi;f ü arG;zGm;aom wdik ;f &if;om;rSjzpfonhf jrefrmEdik if o H m;jzpf&rnf?
(*) Edik if aH wmfor®wtjzpf a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufjcif;cH&olonf tenf;qk;H touf
45 ESpf jynfNh y;D oljzpf&rnf?
(C) EdkifiHawmfor®wonf EdkifiHawmfta&;t&mrsm;jzpfaom EdkifiHa&;?
tkycf sKyaf &;? pD;yGm;a&;? ppfa&; ponhf tjrifrsm;&S&d rnf?
(i) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf or®wtjzpfa&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufc&H onhf tcsed Ef iS fh
wpfqufwnf; tenf;qk;H tESpf (20) Edik if aH wmfwiG f tajccsaexdik cf o hJ l
jzpf&rnf?
(p) EdkifiHawmfor®wonf rdrdudk,fwdkifaomfvnf;aumif;? rdrd\ rdb
wpfyg;yg;aomfvnf;aumif;? rdr\ d ZeD; odrYk [kwf cifyeG ;f aomfvnf;aumif;?
rdr\ d w&m;0ifom;orD; wpfO;D OD;aomfvnf;aumif;? xdw k &m;0if om;orD;
wpfO;D OD;\ ZeD; odrYk [kwf cifyeG ;f aomfvnf;aumif; Edik if jH cm;tpd;k &\
aus;Zl;opömawmfukd cH,al pmihaf &Smuf½akd ool odrYk [kwf Ekid if jH cm;tpd;k &\
vufatmufcjH zpfol odrYk [kwf wdik ;f wpfyg;\ Edik if o H m;jzpforl sm; rjzpfap&?
 22
xdo k rl sm;onf Edik if jH cm;tpd;k &\ vufatmufcjH zpfoal omfvnf;aumif;?
wdik ;f wpfyg;\ Edik if oH m;aomfvnf;aumif; cHpm;&aomtcGit fh a&;rsm;ESifh
aus;Zl;cHpm;cGirfh sm;udk cHpm;Edik cf iG &fh o
dS rl sm; rjzpfap&?
(q) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf vTwaf wmfa&G;aumufyüJG a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf
cHyikd cf iG t
fh wGuf owfrw S xf m;onhf t&nftcsi;f rsm;tjyif Edik if aH wmf
or®wtwGuf oD;jcm;owfrSwfxm;aom t&nftcsif;rsm;ESihfvnf;
jynfph &Hk rnf?
(Z) 'kwd,or®wrsm;onf EdkifiHawmfor®wtwGuf owfrSwfxm;aom
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynhpf &Hk rnf/
Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm; a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufjcif;
5/ (u) EdkifiHawmfor®wudk or®wa&G;cs,f wifajr§mufa&;tzGJUjzihf a&G;cs,f
wifajrm§ uf&rnf?
( c ) or®w a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufa&;tzGUJ udk jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f
tpktzGUJ (3) zGUJ jzihf atmufygtwdik ;f zGUJ pnf;&rnf -
(1) wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;ESihf jynfe,frsm;rS udk,fpm;vS,fOD;a&wlnDpGm
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf vTwaf wmf&dS a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;
cH&aom vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;tpktzGUJ ?
(2) NrKd Ue,fut kd ajccHívnf;aumif;? vlO;D a&udt k ajccHívnf;aumif;
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf vTwaf wmf&dS a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;
cH&onhf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm; tpktzGUJ ?
(3) azmfjyyg vTwaf wmfEpS &f yftwGuf wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f
trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f onhf wyfrawmfom; vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f
rsm; tpktzGUJ /
 23
(*) ,if;tpktzGUJ wpfzUJG pDu 'kw, d or®w wpfO;D pDukd vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f
rsm;xJrjS zpfap? vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f r[kwo f rl sm;xJrjS zpfap a&G;cs,f
wifajrm§ uf&rnf?
(C) 'kwd, or®wrsm;onf EdkifiHawmfor®wtwGuf owfrSwfxm;onfh
t&nftcsif;rsm;ESihf jynhfpkHjcif; &Sdr&Sdudk jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfESihf
jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfwiG f yg0ifaom vTwaf wmfEpS &f yf\ tBu;D tuJrsm;ESifh
'kw, d tBu;D tuJrsm;yg0ifonhf tzGUJ u pdppf&rnf?
(i) jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,t f m;vk;H yg0ifaom or®w a&G;cs,f
wifajrm§ ufa&;tzGUJ u Edik if aH wmf or®wavmif;rsm;jzpfonhf 'kw, d or®w
(3) OD;teuf rdrw d Ykd BuKd uEf pS o f ufonhf 'kw, d or®w wpfO;D udk Edik if aH wmf
or®wtjzpf qE´raJ y; a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ uf&rnf?
(p) xdo k Ykd Edik if aH wmfor®w a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufEikd &f ef vdt k yfonhOf ya'udk
jy|mef;ay;&rnf/
Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wrsm;\ &mxl;oufwrf;
6/ (u) EdkifiHawmfor®w odkYr[kwf 'kwd,or®wwdkY\ &mxl;oufwrf;onf
(5)ESpjf zpfonf?
( c ) ,if;&mxl;oufwrf; ukeq f ;Hk onht f cg Edik if aH wmfor®wtopf a&G;cs,f
wifajrm§ ufNy;D onht f csed t f xd Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf
rdrw d \ Ykd vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;udk qufvufxrf;aqmif&rnf?
( * ) Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf &mxl;oufwrf;ESpBf urd x f ufyíkd
xrf;aqmifjcif;rjyK&?
(C) Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wtjzpf Mum;jzwfwm0ef,&l onhf
umvudk &mxl;oufwrf; wpfc[ k rk owfrw S &f ?
( i ) taMumif;wpf&yf&yfaMumihf Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®w &mxl;
ae&m vpfvyfonhftwGuf tpm;xdk;a&G;cs,fwifajr§mufygu ,if;
 24
Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wtopf\ &mxl;oufwrf;onf
rlv&mxl;oufwrf; ukeq f ;Hk onftxdom jzpf&rnf/
7/ Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf rnfonhf vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf S
rjzpfap&/
8/ Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,jf zpfvQif
vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,t f jzpfrv S nf;aumif;? Edik if 0hH efxrf;jzpfvQif Edik if 0hH efxrf;
tjzpfrS vnf;aumif; Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wrsm;tjzpf a&G;cs,f
wifajrm§ ufjcif; cH&onhaf eYrpS í Ekwx f u G Nf y;D odrYk [kwf tNird ;f pm;,lNy;D jzpfonf[k
rSw,f &l rnf/
9/ Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf Edik if aH &;ygwDwpfcck \ k tzGUJ 0if
jzpfvQif Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw k ,d or®wrsm;tjzpf a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufjcif;
cH&onhf aeYrSpí rdrdwdkY&mxl;oufwrf;twGif; ,if;ygwDtzGJUtpnf;\
ygwDvyk if ef;rsm;wGif yg0ifaqmif&u G jcf if;rjyK&/
Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm; uwdopömjyKjcif;
10/ Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm; uwdopömjyK&mwGif -
- jynfaxmifpo k r®wjrefrmEdik if aH wmfEiS fh Edik if o H m;rsm;tay: opömapmiho f d
½dak o&ef?
- jynfaxmifprk NyKd uaJG &;? wdik ;f &if;om; pnf;vk;H nDñw G rf rI NyKd uaJG &;? tcsKyt f jcm
tmPmwnfwhH cdik Nf raJ &;wdu Yk kd xm0pOf OD;xdyyf efqifaqmif&u G &f ef?
- EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya'udk xdef;odrf;apmifhod vdkufem½dkaoNyD;
Edik if aH wmf\ Oya'rsm;udv k nf; vdu k ef musio fh ;Hk &ef?
- rdr\ d wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;udk ajzmihrf wfreS u f efpmG ESifh tpGr;f ukeaf qmif&u G &f ef?
- jynfaxmifpo k r®wjrefrmEdik if aH wmfwiG f w&m;rQwjcif;? vGwv f yfjcif;ESifh nDrQjcif;
wnf;[laom avmuygvw&m;rsm; ydrk x kd eG ;f um;a&;twGuf aqmif&u G &f ef?
 25
- jynfaxmifpo k r®w jrefrmEdik if aH wmftusK;d iSm Edik if aH wmftm; rdr\ d toufEiS fh
ud,
k uf kd tyfEiS ;f onf[k av;eufwnfMunfpmG aMunmí uwdopömjyK&ef
ponhf oabmrsm;yg&Sad om uwdopömjyKcsurf sm; yg0ifap&rnf/
11/ Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ESifh tjcm;
Oya'rsm;u tyfEiS ;f xm;aom wm0efEiS v fh yk yf ikd cf iG rfh sm;udk usiohf ;Hk xrf;aqmif&rnf/
12/ Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf vpm? p&dw?f aMu;aiG&aom tjcm;
rnfonhf &mxl;udrk Q vufcjH cif;rjyK&/
13/ Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf rdrw d Ukd OD;pD;onhf wpfp;D yGm;wnf;jzpfaom
rdom;pkyikd af jr? tdr?f taqmufttk?H pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;? pkaiGEiS fh tjcm;tzk d;wefypön;f
rsm;udk wefzdk ;ESiw fh uG pm&if;jyKpNk y;D jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tBu;D tuJxH ay;yd&Yk rnf/
14/ Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm;onf Oya'jzihf owfrw S xf m;onhvf pm?
p&dwEf iS fh taqmifta,mifrsm; &&Sad p&rnf/ oihw f ihaf vsmufywfonhf tdraf wmf
wpfaqmifpu D vkd nf; &&Sad p&rnf/
15/ Edik if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wonf pGypf jJG ypfwifc&H í &mxl;rS &yfpcJ &H jcif;rSty
wm0efNy;D qk;H ojzihf tem;,lygu tNird ;f pm;vpmESifh oifw h ihaf vsmufywfaom
axmufyrhH rI sm; &&Sad p&rnf/
Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wudk pGypf jJG ypfwifEikd jf cif;
16/ (u) Edik if aH wmfor®wudjk zpfap? 'kw, d or®w wpfO;D OD;udjk zpfap atmufyg
taMumif; wpf&yf&yfjzihf pGypf jGJ ypfwifEikd of nf -
(1) Edik if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfukd azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;udk azmufzsuu f sL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio fh u d m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;aom Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf
'kw,d or®w\ t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
 26
(c) Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®w wpfO;D OD;udk pGypf jJG ypfwifvykd gu
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfwGif yg0ifaom vTwfawmfESpf&yfrS vTwfawmf
wpf&yf&yf\ vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a&teuf tenf;qk;H
av;ykw H pfyu Hk vufrw S af &;xd;k Ny;D rdrw d \Ykd pGypf cJG suu f kd oufqikd &f m
vTwaf wmftBu;D tuJxH wifjy&rnf?
(*) ,if;pGypf cJG suu f kd oufqikd &f m vTwaf wmf\ vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;
OD;a&teuf tenf;qk;H ok;H ykEH pS yf u Hk axmufcrH o S m qufvufta&;,l
aqmif&u G &f rnf?
(C) vTwaf wmfwpf&yf&yfu pGypf cJG suu f kd ta&;,laqmif&u G &f ef axmufcv H Qif
tjcm; vTwaf wmfwpf&yfu ,if;pGypf cJG suu f kd pkpH rf;ppfaq;&rnf odrYk [kwf
tzGUJ zGUJ í pkpH rf;ppfaq;ap&rnf?
(i) pGypf cJG suu f kd pkpH rf;ppfaq;onht f cg Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®w
ud, k w f ikd af omfvnf;aumif;? ud, k pf m;vS,jf zihaf omfvnf;aumif; acsycGifh
ay;&rnf?
(p) pGypf cJG suu f kd pkpH rf;ppfaq;Ny;D onht f cg pGypf cJG suu f kd ppfaq;aom odrYk [kwf
pkpH rf;ppfaq;apaom vTwaf wmf\ vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a&
teuf tenf;qk;H ok;H ykEH pS yf u Hk xdpk yG pf cJG suo f nf rSeu f efNy;D pGypf cJG &H aom
jypfrIonf EdkifiHawmfor®w odkYr[kwf 'kwd,or®wtm; &mxl;wGif
qufvufxrf;&Guaf p&ef roihaf Mumif; qk;H jzwfvQif pGypf cJG &H aom Edik if aH wmf
or®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wtm; &mxl;rS&yfp&J ef ,if;vTwaf wmfu
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tBu;D tuJxH wifjy&rnf?
(q) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmftBu;D tuJonf wifjycsu&f &Sv d Qif &&Scd si;f pGypf cJG &H
aom Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wtm; &mxl;rS&yfpaJ Mumif;
aMunm&rnf/
 27
17/ Edikd if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®w wpfO;D OD;onf rdr\ d &mxl;oufwrf;
rukeq f ;Hk rD qE´tavsmuf Ekwx f u G v f vkd Qif Ekwxf uG cf iG jfh yK&rnf/
vpfvyfonhf Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®w &mxl;ae&mjznhpf u G jf cif;
18/ (u) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf &mxl;oufwrf; rukeq f ;Hk rD Ekwx f u
G af omaMumihf
jzpfap? uG,v f eG af omaMumihjf zpfap? xm0pOf rpGr;f aqmifEikd af omaMumihf
jzpfap? wpfpw Hk pfcak om taMumif;aMumihjf zpfap Edik if aH wmfor®w&mxl;
ae&mvpfvyfvQif 'kw, d or®wESpOf ;D teuf Edik if aH wmfor®w a&G;cs,f
wifajrm§ ufpOftcgu 'kw, d qE´rJ trsm;qk;H &&So d nhf 'kw, d or®wu
,m,Dor®wtjzpf xrf;aqmif&rnf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfor®w &mxl;ae&m vpfvyfomG ;onht f csed o f nf jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;usi;f yaecsed jf zpfvQif vpfvyfomG ;onhf Edik if aH wmf
or®w&mxl;udk ckepf&uftwGi;f jznfph u G Ef ikd af &;twGuf ,m,Dor®wu
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tBu;D tuJxH aqmvsipf mG taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
(*) ,m,Dor®wxHrS taMumif;Mum;pmudk &&So d nht f cg vpfvyfomG ;onhf
Edik if aH wmf or®wudk 'kw, d or®wtjzpf OD;pGm a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufay;cJo h nhf
oufqikd &f m vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm; tpktzGUJ u 'kw, d or®w wpfO;D udk
a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufay;a&;twGuf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tBu;D tuJu
aqmif&u G af y;&rnf?
(C) oufqdkif&mvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,frsm;tpktzGJUonf 'kwd,or®w
wpfO;D udk a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufNy;D ygu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,f
tm;vk;H yg0ifonhf or®w a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufa&;tzGUJ u 'kw, d or®w
ok;H OD;teuf rdrw d Ukd BuKd uEf pS o f ufonfh yk*Kd¾ vu f kd Edik if aH wmfor®wtjzpf
a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ uf&rnf?
 28
(i) jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf tpnf;ta0;usi;f ycsed rf [kwv f Qif jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmftBu;D tuJonf ,m,Dor®wxHrS taMumif;Mum;pm &&So d nfh
aeYrpS í (21) &uf twGi;f jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmftpnf;ta0;udk ac:,lNy;D
vpfvyfaom Edik if aH wmfor®w a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufEikd af &;twGuf txufyg
enf;vrf;twdik ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf?
(p) 'kw,d or®w wpfO;D OD;onf &mxl;oufwrf;rukeq f ;Hk rD Ekwx f u
G af omaMumihf
jzpfap? uG,vf eG af omaMumihjf zpfap? xm0pOf rpGr;f aqmifEikd af omaMumihf
jzpfap? wpfpwHk pfcak om taMumif;aMumihjf zpfap 'kw, d or®w&mxl;ae&m
vpfvyfvQif jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf tpnf;ta0;usi;f ycsed f jzpfygu
,if;'kw, d or®wudk a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufay;cJah om vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f
rsm; tpktzGUJ u ckepf&uftwGi;f 'kw, d or®wwpfO;D a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ uf
ay;a&;twGuf Edik if aH wmfor®wu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmftBu;D tuJxH
aqmvsipf mG taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
(q) jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf tpnf;ta0; usi;f ycsed rf [kwv f Qif jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmftBu;D tuJonf Edik if aH wmfor®w\ taMumif;Mum;pm &&So d nfh
aeYrpS í (21) &uf twGi;f jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf tpnf;ta0;udk ac:,lNy;D
oufqikd &f mvTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;tpktzGUJ u 'kw,d or®wwpfO;D udk
a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufay;a&;twGuf owfrw S xf m;onhf enf;vrf;twdik ;f
aqmif&u G &f rnf/
 tcef; (4)
Oya'jyKa&;tcef;

Chapter (IV)
Legislature
 Oya'jyKa&;qdik &f m zGUJ pnf;rI

Formation of Legislature
 29
tcef; (4)
Oya'jyKa&;

Oya'jyKa&;qdik &f mzGUJ pnf;rI

1/ Oya'jyKa&;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Edik if aH wmf\ Oya'jy Ka&;tmPmudk jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf? wdik ;f a'oBu;D
vTwaf wmfrsm;ESifh jynfe,fvw T af wmfrsm;odYk cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onf?
( c ) udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpkrsm;tm; EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'u
owfrw S af om Oya'jyKa&;tmPmudk cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onf/
2/ vTwaf wmfEpS &f yfEiS phf yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) NrdKUe,fudktajccHívnf;aumif;? vlOD;a&udk tajccHívnf;aumif;
a&G;aumufwifajr§mufonhf vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;ESihf wyfrawmf
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f aom wyfrawmfom;vTwaf wmf
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;jzihfzGJUpnf;onhf vTwfawmfudk jynfolYvTwfawmf[k
vnf;aumif;?
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D rsm;ESifh jynfe,frsm;rS OD;a&wlnpD mG a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf
vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;ESifh wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f trnf
pm&if;wifoiG ;f aom wyfrawmfom;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf zGUJ pnf;
onhf vTwaf wmfukd trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf[v k nf;aumif; ok;H EIe;f &rnf/

jynfaxmifpvk wT af wmfzUJG pnf;jcif;

3/ jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfzUJG pnf;jcif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmfwiG f atmufyg
vTwaf wmfEpS &f yfyg0ifonf -
(u) NrdKUe,fudktajccHívnf;aumif;? vlOD;a&udk tajccHívnf;aumif;
a&G;aumufwifajr§mufonhf vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;ESihf wyfrawmf
 30
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f aom wyfrawmfom;vTwaf wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf zGUJ pnf;onhf jynfov Yl w T af wmf?
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D rsm;ESijfh ynfe,frsm;rSO;D a&wlnpD mG a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf
vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;ESifh wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f trnfpm&if;
wifoiG ;f aom wyfrawmfom;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf zGUJ pnf;onhf
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf/
jynfovYl w T af wmfzUJG pnf;jcif;
4/ jynfov Yl wT af wmfzpYJG nf;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfov Yl w T af wmfudk vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;
vS,Of ;D a& trsm;qH;k 440 OD;jzihf atmufygtwkid ;f zJUG pnf;&rnf -
(u) NrKd Ue,fut dk ajccHívnf;aumif;? vlO;D a&ukd tajccHívnf;aumif;? NrKd Ue,f
330 xuf ykrd v dk mygu topfzUGJ pnf;onfh NrKd Ue,fukd wpfqufwpfpyfwnf;
jzpfaom oihaf vsmo f nfh NrKd Ue,fwpfcck Ek iS fh yl;aygif;tajccHívnf;aumif;
Oya'ESit fh nD rJqE´e,fowfrw S í f a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf 330 OD;
xufrykad om jynfov Yl w
T af wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;?
( c ) wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f Oya'ESit fh nD trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f onhf
110 OD;xufrykad om wyfrawmfom; jynfov Yl wT af wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;/
5/ vTwfawmftoD;oD;\ tBuD;trSL;ESihf 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;wdkYESihfywfoufNyD;
oufqikd &f mvTwaf wmfoufwrf; wpfcpk t D wGuf vTwaf wmfyxrtpnf;ta0;
pwifusif;yonhfaeYwGif vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm; uwdopömjyKEdkif&efESihf
vTwaf wmfOuú|? 'kw, d Ouú| a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufay;&ef usi;f yaom vTwaf wmf
tpnf;ta0;udk Bu;D rSL;Bu;D Muyfay;&rnhf tBu;D trSL;tm; obmywd[v k nf;aumif;?
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tBu;D trSL;ESifh 'kw, d tBu;D trSL;udk em,uESihf 'kw, d
em,u[kvnf;aumif;? jynfov Yl w T af wmf? trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf? wdik ;f a'oBu;D
vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmftBu;D trSL; ESifh 'kw, d tBu;D trSL;udk Ouú|
ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|[kvnf;aumif; ac:a0:ok;H pG&J rnf/
 31
6/ jynfolYvTwfawmfobmywd wifajr§mufjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;NyD; atmufygtwkdif;
aqmif&uG &f rnf -
(u) jynfolYvTwfawmfoufwrf;wpf&yf\ yxrtBudrf jynfolUvTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0; pwifusi;f yonht f cg jynfov Yl w
T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D
tm; obmywdtjzpf wifajrm§ uf&rnf?
( c ) obmywdonf jynfoUl vTwaf wmf a&SUarSmufwiG f uwdopömjyK&rnf?
( * ) obmywdonf jynfolYvTwfawmfOuú|ESihf 'kwd,Ouú| a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufNy;D onftxd jynfoUl vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;udk Bu;D MuyfuyG u f J
&rnf/
7/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú| a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D
atmufygtwkid ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(u) jynfov Yl w
T af wmfwiG f -
(1) jynfov Yl w T af wmf ud,k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf jynfov Yl w T af wmf Ouú|
wpfO;D ESifh 'kw,d Ouú|wpfO;D udk jynfoUl vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;
xJrS a&G;aumuf wifajrm§ uf&rnf?
(2) Ouú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú|ae&mvpfvyfvQif teD;uyfq;Hk usi;f y
aom jynfoUl vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;wGif tpm;xk;d a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ uf&rnf?
(3) Ouú|onf Ouú|wm0efukd xrf;aqmifEikd pf rG ;f r&So d nht f cg 'kw, d
Ouú|onf Ouú|wm0efukd ,m,Dxrf;aqmif&rnf/
( c ) jynfolUvTwfawmfOuú|ESihf 'kwd,Ouú| a&G;aumufwifajr§muf&ef
enf;vrf;rsm;udk Oya'jzihf owfrw S &f rnf/
 32
8/ jynfov Yl w T af wmf Ouú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wd\ Yk wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;? &yfpjJ cif;
wdEYk iS pfh yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfov Yl wT af wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk onf aemufwpfBurd f jynfoUl
vTwaf wmfoufwrf; yxrtpnf;ta0; pwifrusi;f yrDtcsed t f xd Ouú|ESifh
'kw, d Ouú|wm0efukd xrf;aqmif&rnf?
(c) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú|onf Ekwx f u G vf Qijf zpfap?
jynfoUl vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpfrS &yfpjJ cif;cH&vQijf zpfap? jynfoUl
vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpf qufvuf&yfwnfyikd cf iG fh r&Sv d Qijf zpfap? Ouú|
odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú|wm0efrS jynfoUl vTwaf wmf\ ½kyo f rd ;f jcif;udk cH&vQif
jzpfap? uG,v f eG vf Qijf zpfap Ouú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú|tjzpfrS &yfpNJ y;D
jzpfap&rnf/
9/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG w fh EYkd iS fh
pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG Efh iS fh
&ydik cf iG rfh sm;udk Oya'jzihf owfrw S af y;&rnf/
10/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wd\ Yk tqihEf iS fh pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfoUl vTwaf wmf
Ouú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG Efh iS fh &ydik cf iG rfh sm;udk Oya'jzihf jy|mef;
onht f cg rSjD irf;jyKEikd af &;twGuf jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|udk 'kw, d or®wtqihf
owfrw S o f nf/ 'kw, d Ouú|udk jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqihf owfrw S o f nf/
jynfoUl vTwaf wmfaumfrwDrsm;zGUJ pnf;jcif;
11/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmfwiG f -
(u) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfaumfrwDrsm; zGUJ pnf;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(1) jynfolUvTwfawmfonf Oya'Murf;aumfrwD? jynfolUaiGpm&if;
aumfrwD? vTwaf wmftcGit hf a&;aumfrwD? tpd;k &\tmrcHcsurf sm;?
uwdrsm;ESifh wm0efccH surf sm; pdppfa&;aumfrwDwu Ykd kd jynfoUl vTwaf wmf
ud,k pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf zGUJ pnf;&rnf?
 33
(2) umuG,af &;ESifh vkNH cKaH &;qdik &f m udprö sm;udv k nf;aumif;? wyfrawmf
qdkif&m udpörsm;udkvnf;aumif; avhvmwifjyap&eftaMumif;
ay:aygufygu jynfoUl vTwaf wmfonf umuG,fa&;ESihf vkHNcKHa&;
aumfrwDukd wyfrawmfom; jynfoUl vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf
umvowfrw S í f zGUJ pnf;&rnf/ xdo k zYkd UJG pnf;onhf umuG,af &;ESifh
vkHNcKHa&;aumfrwDonf vkyfief;vdktyfcsuft& wyfrawmfom;
r[kwfaomoihfavsmfonhf jynfolUvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;
udv k nf; xnho f iG ;f zGUJ pnf;&efvt kd yfygu zGUJ pnf;Edik o f nf?
(3) jynfolUvTwfawmfonf Oya'jyKa&;? tkyfcsKyfa&;? wdkif;&if;om;
vlrsK;d rsm; ta&;? pD;yGm;a&;? b@ma&;? vlraI &;? Edik if jH cm;a&;wdt Yk jyif
tjcm;a&;&mudprö sm;udk avhvmwifjyap&ef vdt k yfygu vTwaf wmf
aumfrwDrsm;udk jynfolUvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,frsm;jzihf umv
owfrw S í
f zGUJ pnf;Edik o f nf?
(4) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfonf jynfoUl vTwaf wmfaumfrwDrsm;\ tzGUJ 0if
OD;a&? wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG Efh iS fh oufwrf;wdu Yk kd owfrw S af y;&rnf?
(5) jynfolYvTwfawmfonf trsKd;om;vTwfawmfESihf ñSdEIdif;&efudpö
ay:aygufvQif jynfolUvTwfawmfESihf trsKd;om;vTwfawmfwdkYrS
ud, k pf m;vS,Of ;D a& wlnpD mG yg0ifaom yl;aygif;aumfrwDwpf&yfukd
zGJUpnf;aqmif&GufEdkifa&;twGuf ,if;aumfrwDwGifyg0ifrnhf
jynfolUvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,frsm;udk a&G;aumuf wifajr§muf
wm0efay;tyfEdkifonf/ yl;aygif;aumfrwD\ oufwrf;onf
oufqikd &f mvTwaf wmfoYkd tpD&ifcpH m wifoiG ;f Ny;D onht f csed t f xd
jzpfonf?
(6) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfEiS fh trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfwo Ykd nf txuftyd'k cf JG (1)ESifh
(2) ygaumfrwDrsm;u aqmif&u G &f rnhu f pd rö sm;rSty taMumif;udpö
 34
wpf&yf&yfudk vTwfawmfESpf&yfpvkH;u avhvm&ef&Sdygu ,if;
vT w f a wmf r sm;\ Ouú | rsm;onf tcsif ; csif ; ñS d E I d i f ; í
jynfoUl vTwaf wmfEiS fh trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfwrYkd S ud, k pf m;vS,Of ;D a&
wlnpD mG yg0ifaom yl;aygif; aumfrwDwpf&yfukd zGUJ pnf; aqmif&u G Ef ikd f
onf/ jynfolYvTwfawmfonf xdkaumfrwDwGifyg0ifrnhf jynfolU
vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;udk a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf wm0efay;tyf
Edkifonf/ ,if;yl;aygif; aumfrwD\oufwrf;onf oufqdkif&m
vTwaf wmfoUkd tpD&ifcpH mwifoiG ;f Ny;D onht f csed t f xd jzpfonf/
( c ) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfaumfr&SiEf iS fh tzGUJ rsm; zGUJ pnf;jcif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(1) jynfov Yl w T af wmfonf jynfoUl vTwaf wmfaumfrwDrsm;u avhvm
aom taMumif;udprö sm;rSty uset f aMumif;udprö sm;udk avhvm&ef
vdt k yfygu aumfr&SiEf iS t fh zGUJ rsm;udk jynfoUl vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,f
rsm;jzihfvnf;aumif;? oihfavsmfonhf EdkifiHom;rsm; xnhfoGif;í
vnf;aumif; zGUJ pnf;Edik o f nf?
(2) jynfov Yl w T af wmfonf txufygaumfr&SiEf iS fh tzGUJ rsm;udk zGUJ pnf;onhf
tcg ,if;aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf tzGUJ rsm;\ tzGUJ 0ifO;D a&? wm0ef?
vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG Efh iS fh oufwrf;udyk g owfrw S af y;&rnf/
12/ jynfov Yl w
T af wmfoufwrf;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfoUl vTwaf wmf\ oufwrf;onf
,if;vTwaf wmf\ yxrtBurd t f pnf;ta0; pwifusi;f yonhaf eY&ufrpS í ig;ESpf
jzpfonf/
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfzUJG pnf;jcif;
13/ trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfzUJG pnf;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfukd vTwaf wmf
ud,k pf m;vS,Of ;D a& trsm;qk;H 224 OD;jzihf atmufygtwdik ;f zGUJ pnf;&rnf -
(u) ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'owpfcpk rD S
ud,k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D pDyg0ifapNy;D oufqikd &f m jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;
 35
tygt0if wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fwpfcpk t D wGuf ud, k pf m;vS,f
12 OD;uspD wlnpD mG jzihf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf
ud,
k pf m;vS,f 168 OD;?
( c ) oufqikd &f m jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;tygt0if wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fwpfcpk t D wGuf ud, k pf m;vS,af v;OD;uspjD zihf wyfrawmf umuG,f
a&;OD;pD;csKyuf Oya'ESit fh nD trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f onhf wyfrawmfom;
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f 56 OD;?
( * ) txuftyd'k cf JG (u) ESifh (c) wGif azmfjyxm;onht f wdik ;f zGUJ pnf;&mwGif
oufqikd &f m jynfaxmifpek ,fajrqdo k nfrmS þzGUJ pnf;yktH ajccH Oya't&
owf r S w f x m;onh f jynf a xmif p k e ,f a jrrsm;onf v nf ; aumif ; ?
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S af om jynfaxmifpk
e,fajrrsm;onfvnf;aumif; trsKd;om;vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf&ef udpt ö vdUk iSm tqdyk ge,fajryg0ifco hJ nhf jynfe,f
odrYk [kwf wdik ;f wGijf zpfap? wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fwiG jf zpfap
yg0ifjcif;udq k odk nf/
14/ trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf obmywd wifajrm§ ufjcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfoufwrf;wpf&yf\ yxrtBurd t f rsK;d om; vTwaf wmf
tpnf;ta0; pwifusi;f yonht f cg trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D
tm; obmywdtjzpf wifajrm§ uf&rnf?
( c ) obmywdonf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfa&SUarSmufwiG f uwdopömjyK&rnf?
( * ) obmywdonf trsKd;om;vTwfawmfOuú|ESihf 'kwd,Ouú| a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufNy;D onftxd trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;udk Bu;D MuyfuyG u f J
&rnf/
 36
15/ trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú| a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D
atmufygtwkid ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(u) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfwiG f -
(1) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;onf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf Ouú|
wpfO;D ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wpfO;D udk trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;
xJrS a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf&rnf?
(2) Ouú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú|ae&mvpfvyfvQif teD;uyfq;Hk usi;f yaom
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;wGif tpm;xk;d a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf
&rnf?
(3) Ouú|onf Ouú|wm0efukd xrf;aqmifEikd pf rG ;f r&So d nhtf cg 'kw, d Ouú|
onf Ouú|wm0efukd ,m,Dxrf;aqmif&rnf/
( c ) trsKd;om;vTwfawmfOuú|ESihf 'kwd,Ouú| a&G;aumufwifajr§muf&ef
enf;vrf;rsm;udk Oya'jzihf owfrw S &f rnf/
16/ trsKd;om;vTwfawmfOuú|ESihf 'kwd,Ouú|wdkU\ wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;?
&yfpjJ cif;wdUk ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D atmufygtwkid ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(u) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk onf aemufwpfBurd f trsK;d om;
vTwaf wmfoufwrf; yxrtBurd f tpnf;ta0;pwifrusi;f yrD tcsed t f xd
Ouú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wm0efukd xrf;aqmif&rnf?
( c ) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú|onf Ekwx f uG v f Qijf zpfap?
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,t f jzpfrS &yfpjJ cif;cH&vQijf zpfap? trsK;d om;
vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpf qufvuf&yfwnfyikd cf iG fh r&Sv d Qijf zpfap? Ouú|
odkYr[kwf 'kwd,Ouú|wm0efrS trsKd;om;vTwfawmf\ ½kyfodrf;jcif;udk
cH&vQijf zpfap? uG,v f eG v f Qijf zpfap Ouú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú|tjzpfrS &yfpNJ y;D
jzpfap&rnf/
 37
17/ trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG rhf sm;ESifh
pyfvsO;f Ny;D trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG Efh iS fh
&ydik cf iG rfh sm;udk Oya'jzihf owfrw S af y;&rnf/
18/ trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|ESi'fh w k ,d Ouú|wdUk \ tqihEf iS pfh yfvsO;f Ny;D trsK;d om;
vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG Efh iS fh &ydik cf iG rfh sm;udk Oya'jzihf
jy|mef;onht f cg rSjD irf;jyKEikd af &;twGuf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|udk 'kw, d or®w
tqiho f wfrw S o
f nf/ 'kw, d Ouú|udk jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqihf owfrw S o
f nf/
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfaumfrwDrsm; zGUJ pnf;jcif;
19/ trsKd;om;vTwfawmfaumfrwDrsm; zGJUpnf;jcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;NyD; atmufygtwkdif;
aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(u) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfonf Oya'Murf;aumfrwD? jynfoUl aiGpm&if;aumfrwD?
vTwfawmftcGifhta&;aumfrwD? tpdk;&\tmrcHcsufrsm;? uwdrsm;ESihf
wm0efccH surf sm; pdppfa&;aumfrwDwu Ykd kd trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f
rsm;jzihf zGUJ pnf;&rnf?
( c ) umuG,af &;ESifh vkNH cKaH &;qdik &f mudprö sm;udv k nf;aumif;? wyfrawmfqikd &f m
udpörsm;udkvnf;aumif; avhvmwifjyap&eftaMumif;ay:aygufygu
trsK;d om; vTwaf wmfonf umuG,af &;ESifh vkNH cKaH &;aumfrwDukd wyfrawmfom;
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf umvowfrw S í
f zGUJ pnf;&rnf/ xdo k Ykd
zGUJ pnf;onhf umuG,af &;ESifh vkNH cKaH &;aumfrwDonf vkyif ef; vdt k yfcsut f &
wyfrawmfom;r[kwaf om oihaf vsmo f nhf trsK;d om; vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f
rsm;udv k nf; xnho f iG ;f zGUJ pnf;&ef vdt k yfygu zGUJ pnf;Edik o f nf?
( * ) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfonf Oya'jyKa&;? tkycf sKyaf &;? wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d rsm;
ta&;? pD;yGm;a&;? b@ma&;? vlraI &;? Edik if jH cm;a&;wdt Yk jyif tjcm;a&;&m
 38
udpörsm;udk avhvmwifjyap&efvdktyfygu vTwfawmfaumfrwDrsm;udk
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf umvowfrw S íf zGUJ pnf;Edik o f nf?
(C) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfonf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfaumfrwDrsm;\tzGUJ 0ifO;D a&?
wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG Efh iS fh oufwrf;wdu Yk kd owfrwS af y;&rnf?
( i ) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfonf jynfoUl vTwaf wmfEiS fh ñSEd idI ;f &efupd ö ay:ayguf
vmvQif trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfEiS fh jynfoUl vTwaf wmfwrYkd S ud, k pf m;vS,Of ;D a&
wlnpD mG yg0ifaom yl;aygif;aumfrwDwpf&yfukd zGUJ pnf;aqmif&u G Ef ikd af &;twGuf
,if;aumfrwDwGifyg0ifrnhf trsKd;om;vTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,frsm;udk
a&G;aumufwifajr§muf wm0efay;tyfEdkifonf/ yl;aygif;aumfrwD\
oufwrf;onf oufqdkif&mvTwfawmfodkY tpD&ifcHpmwifoGif;NyD;onhf
tcsed tf xd jzpfonf?
( p ) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfEiS fh jynfoUl vTwaf wmfwo Ykd nf txuftyd'k cf JG (u) ESifh
(c) yg aumfrwDrsm;u aqmif&u G &f rnhuf pd rö sm;rSty taMumif;udpö wpf&yf&yf
udk vTwfawmfESpf&yfpvkH;uavhvm&ef&Sdygu ,if;vTwfawmfrsm;\
Ouú|rsm;onf tcsif;csif;ñSdEIdif;í trsKd;om;vTwfawmfESihf jynfolU
vTwaf wmfwrYkd S ud, k pf m;vS,Of ;D a& wlnpD mG yg0ifaom yl;aygif;aumfrwD
wpf&yfukd zGUJ pnf;aqmif&u G Ef ikd o f nf/ trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfonf xdak umfrwD
wGiyf g0ifrnhf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;udk a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf
wm0efay;tyfEikd o f nf/ ,if;yl;aygif;aumfrwD\ oufwrf;onf oufqikd &f m
vTwaf wmfoUkd tpD&ifcpH mwifoiG ;f Ny;D onhf tcsed t f xdjzpfonf/
20/ trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfaumfr&SiEf iS fh tzGUJ rsm; zGUJ pnf;jcif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D atmufyg twkid ;f
aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(u) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfonf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf aumfrwDrsm;u avhvmaom
taMumif;udprö sm;rSty uset f aMumif;udprö sm;udk avhvm&efvt kd yfygu
aumfr&SifESihftzGJUrsm;udk trsKd;om;vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;jzih f
 39
vnf;aumif;? oihaf vsmo f nhEf ikd if oH m;rsm; xnhof iG ;f ívnf;aumif; zGUJ pnf;
Edik of nf?
( c ) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfonf txufygaumfr&SiEf iS fh tzGUJ rsm;udk zGUJ pnf;onhf tcg
,if;aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf tzGUJ rsm;\ tzGUJ 0ifO;D a&? wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG Efh iS fh
oufwrf;udyk g owfrw S af y;&rnf/
21/ trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf\ oufwrf;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf\ oufwrf;
onf jynfolYvTwfawmf\oufwrf;ESihftnDjzpfonf/ jynfolUvTwfawmf\
oufwrf;ukeq f ;Hk aomaeYwiG f trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf\ oufwrf;onfvnf; ukeq f ;Hk
onf/
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf em,uESifh 'kw, d em,uwdUk \ wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;
22/ jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf em,uESifh 'kw, d em,uwdUk \ wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;ESifh
pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfolUvTwfawmfoufwrf;wpfck pwifonhfaeU&ufrS vaygif; 30
jynfah jrmufonhaf eY&uftxd trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk
onf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf em,uESihf 'kwd,em,uwm0efudkyg
xrf;aqmif&rnf/ useo f ufwrf;umvtwGuf jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh
'kwd,Ouú|wdkUonf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uESihf 'kwd,em,u
wm0efuykd g xrf;aqmif&rnf?
( c ) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfem,uonf em,uwm0efukd xrf;aqmifEikd pf rG ;f r&Sd
onht f cg 'kw, d em,uonf em,uwm0efukd ,m,Dxrf;aqmif&rnf/
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf zGUJ pnf;jcif;
23/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf zGUJ pnf;jcif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfukd atmufygtwdik ;f zGUJ pnf;&rnf -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,frsm;wGif NrKd Ue,fwpfNrKd Ue,fvQif ESpOf ;D uspD
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;?
 40
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D rsm;wGif xdw k ikd ;f a'oBu;D &&SNd y;D aom odrYk [kwf xdw k ikd ;f a'oBu;D
twGi;f ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifp&k &SNd y;D aom wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d rsm;rSty
usew f ikd ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d rsm;teuf avsmu f efoihjf rwfaom vlO;D a&jzpfonfh
Edik if aH wmf&v dS Ol ;D a& pkpak ygif;\ okn 'or wpf (0.1) &mcdik Ef eI ;f ESifh txuf
&Sad Mumif; oufqikd &f muowfrw S af om wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d toD;oD;u vlrsK;d
wpfrsK;d vQiw f pfO;D uspD a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;?
( * ) jynfe,frsm;wGif xdjk ynfe,f&&SNd y;D aom odrYk [kwf xdjk ynfe,ftwGi;f ud, k yf ikd f
tkycf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifp&k &Sd Ny;D aom wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d rsm;rSty usew f ikd ;f &if;om;
vlrsK;d rsm;teuf avsmu f efoihjf rwfaom vlO;D a&jzpfonfh Edik if aH wmf&dS vlO;D a&
pkpak ygif;\ okn 'or wpf (0.1) &mcdik Ef eI ;f ESifh txuf&adS Mumif; oufqikd &f m
u owfrw S af om wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d toD;oD;u vlrsK;d wpfrsK;d vQif wpfO;D uspD
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufonhf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud,k pf m;vS,rf sm;?
(C) tyd'k cf JG (u) ESifh (c) odrYk [kwf tyd'k cf JG (u) ESifh (*) wdt Yk & a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufonhf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,pf pk ak ygif;\ ok;H ykw H pfyEHk iS n hf rD Qaom
wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f Oya'ESit fh nD trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f onhf
wyfrawmfom; wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;/
24/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfobmywd wifajrm§ ufjcif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D
atmufygtwkid ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf oufwrf;wpf&yf\ yxrtBurd f
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmftpnf;ta0; pwifusi;f yonhf
tcg wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D tm;
obmywdtjzpf wifajrm§ uf&rnf?
( c ) obmywdonf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfa&SUarSmufwiG f
uwdopömjyK&rnf?
 41
( * ) obmywdonf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d
Ouú| a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufNy;D onftxd wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;udk Bu;D MuyfuyG u f &J rnf/
25/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufjcif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D atmufygtwkid ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfwiG f -
(1) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú| wpfO;D ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|
wpfOD;udk oufqdkif&mvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;xJrS a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ uf&rnf?
(2) Ouú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú| ae&mvpfvyfvQif teD;uyfq;Hk usi;f y
aom vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;wGif tpm;xd;k a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf
&rnf?
(3) Ouú|onf Ouú|wm0efukd xrf;aqmifEikd pf rG ;f r&So d nht f cg 'kw,
d Ouú|
onf Ouú|wm0efukd ,m,Dxrf;aqmif&rnf/
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú| a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ uf&efenf;vrf;rsm;udk Oya'jziho f wfrw S &f rnf/
26/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf Ouú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú| wm0ef
xrf;aqmifjcif;? &yfpjJ cif;wdUk ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk onf
aemufwpfBurd f wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf oufwrf; yxr
tBurd tf pnf;ta0;pwifrusi;f yrDtcsed t f xd Ouú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú| wm0efukd
xrf;aqmif&rnf?
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú| onf
EkwfxGufvQifjzpfap? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf
udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpfrS &yfpJjcif;cH&vQifjzpfap? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf
 42
jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpf qufvuf&yfwnfyikd cf iG fh r&Sv d Qif jzpfap?
Ouú| odrYk [kwf 'kw, d Ouú|wm0efrS wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmf\ ½kyo f rd ;f jcif;cH&vQijf zpfap? uG,v f eG v f Qijf zpfap Ouú| odrYk [kwf
'kw, d Ouú|tjzpfrS &yfpNJ y;D jzpfap&rnf/
27/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf Ouú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ wm0ef?
vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG rhf sm;owfrw S jf cif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfOuú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG Efh iS &fh ydik cf iG rfh sm;udk Oya'jzihf
owfrw S af y;&rnf/
28/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf Ouú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \ tqihEf iS fh
pyfvsO;f Ny;D wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf Ouú|ESifh 'kw, d Ouú|wdUk \
wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG Efh iS &fh ydik cf iG rfh sm;udk Oya'jzihjf y|mef;onht f cg rSjD irf;jyKEikd af &;twGuf
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|udk jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqihf
owfrw S o f nf/ 'kw, d Ouú|udk wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D tqihf
owfrw S o f nf/

wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfaumfrwDrsm;? tzGUJ rsm; zGUJ pnf;jcif;
29/ wdkif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmf odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfaumfrwDrsm;? tzGJUrsm;
zGUJ pnf;jcif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D atmufygtwkid ;f aqmif&uG &f rnf -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfonf zGUJ pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya't&
tyfESif;xm;onhf Oya'jyKa&;? wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;rsm; ta&;t&mrsm;udk
avhvmwifjyEdik af pa&;twGuf vdt k yfonhtf cg aumfrwDEiS t fh zGUJ rsm;udk
oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud,k pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf
zGUJ pnf;Edik o
f nf?
 43
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfonf txufygaumfrwDEiS fh
tzJUG rsm;wGif oihaf vsmo f nhf Edik if o H m;rsm;udk xnho f iG ;f zJUG pnf;Edik of nf?
( * ) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfonfaumfrwDESihftzJGYrsm;udk
zJUG pnf;onht f cg ,if;aumfrwD odrYk [kwf tzJUG rsm;\ tzJUG 0ifO;D a&? wm0ef?
vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG Efh iS fh oufwrf;udyk g owfrw S af y;&rnf/
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ oufwrf;owfrw S jf cif;
30/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ oufwrf;owfrw S jf cif;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\oufwrf;onf jynfoYl vTwaf wmf\
oufwrf;ESit fh nD jzpfonf/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmf\ oufwrf;ukeq f ;Hk aomaeYwiG f
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ oufwrf;onfvnf; ukeq f ;Hk onf/
jynfoUl vTwaf wmf? trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfEiS fh wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f vTwaf wmf
ud,
k pf m;vS,w f \
Ykd wm0ef? vkyyf ikd cf iG ?fh &ydik cf iG rfh sm; owfrw S jf cif;
31/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmf? trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfEiS fh wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fwdkY\wm0ef? vkyfydkifcGihf? &ydkifcGihfrsm;ESihfpyfvsOf;NyD;
jynfoUl vTwaf wmf? trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfEiS fh wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fwdkY\ wm0ef? vkyfydkifcGihfESihf&ydkifcGihfrsm;udk Oya'jzihf
owfrw S &f rnf/
jynfoUl vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f owfrw S jf cif;
32/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f owfrw S jf cif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D
atmufygt&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o kH ol nf jynfoUl vTwaf wmfoYkd vTwaf wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG &fh o dS nf -
(u) touf 25 ESpjf ynfNh y;D ol?
( c ) Edik if o H m;rdbESpyf g;rSarG;zGm;aom Ekid if o H m;jzpfo?l
 44
(*) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfu,
kd pf m;vS,t
f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H onht
f csed Ef iS fh
wpfqufwnf; jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if aH wmfwiG f tenf;qH;k 10 ESpf tajccs
aexdik cf ohJ ?l
>cif;csu/f Edik if aH wmf\cGijfh yKcsujf zihf Edik if jH cm;odYk w&m;0ifomG ;a&mufonhf
umvrsm;udv k nf; Ekid if aH wmfwiG f tajccsaexkid cf o hJ nhu
f mv
tjzpf xnfo
h iG ;f a&wGu&f rnf/
(C) a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;qdik &f m Oya'wGio f wfrw S x
f m;onhf t&nftcsi;f
rsm;ESifh jynhpf okH /l

jynfoUl vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH idk cf iG fh r&Sjd cif;
33/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH idk cf iG rfh &So d rl sm;ESifh
ywfoufNyD; atmufygyk*d¾Kvfrsm;onf jynfolUvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH idk cf iG rhf &Sad p& -
(u) jypfrw I pfcck u
k kd usL;vGeo f jzihf oufqikd &f mw&m;½H;k \ jypfrx
I if&mS ;pD&ifjcif;cH&í
axmif'PfuscaH e&ol?
( c ) Edik if aH wmfzUGJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya' tmPmrwnfru D jzpfap? tmPmwnfNy;D rS
jzpfap jynfoUl vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,t f &nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f aponhjf ypfrjI zihf
jypf'Pf csrSwfcH&jcif;twGuf jynfolUvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf cHyikd cf iG rfh &Sad Mumif; oufqidk &f mu owfrw S of nhf umv
ukeq f ;kH jcif;r&Sad o;ol?
( * ) pd w f a ygh o G y f o nf [ k ouf q d k i f & mOya'u jy|mef ; xm;onh f t wd k i f ;
owfrw S jf cif;cH&ol?
(C) vlrt GJ jzpf oufqidk &f mw&m;½H;k \ aMunmcHxm;&jcif;rS vGwaf jrmufciG fh
r&ao;ol?
 45
( i ) Edik if jH cm;tpd;k &\ aus;Zl;opömudk cH,al pmihaf &Smuf ½dak ool odrYk [kwf Edik if jH cm;
tpd;k &\vufatmufcjH zpfol odrYk [kwf wdik ;f wpfyg;\ Ekid if o H m;jzpfo?l
( p ) Edik if jH cm;tpd;k &\ vufatmufcjH zpfol aomfvnf;aumif;? wdik ;f wpfyg;\
Edik if o H m;aomfvnf;aumif; cHpm;&aom tcGit fh a&;rsm; odrYk [kwf aus;Zl;
cHpm;cGirfh sm;udk cHpm;Edik cf iG &fh o dS ?l
(q) Edik if jH cm;wdik ;f jynfwpfcck \ k tpd;k & odrYk [kwf bmoma&;tzJUG tpnf; odrYk [kwf
tjcm;tzJUG tpnf;rsm;rS aiGaMu;? ajr? tdr?f taqmufttH?k ,mOf? ypön;f
ponfwu Ykd kd wduk ½f u kd jf zpfap? oG,0f ukd af omenf;jzihjf zpfap taxmuftyH&h ,l
oH;k pJo G l odrYk [kwf ,if;odYk taxmuftyHh &,lo;kH pJo G nhf tzJUG tpnf;0ifjzpfo?l
( Z ) EdkifiHa&;udpötwGufbmoma&;udktaMumif;jyKí qE´rJay;&efaomf
vnf;aumif;? qE´rrJ ay;&efaomfvnf;aumif;ajymqdjk cif;? a[majymjcif;?
aMunmcsux f w k jf yefjcif;ESifh ,if;odjYk yKvyk &f ef tm;ay;vIUH aqmfjcif;jyKol
odrYk [kwf ,if;odjYk yKvyk o f nhf tzJUG tpnf;0ifjzpfo?l
( p s ) omoemh0efxrf;?
(n) Edik if 0hH efxrf;?
>cif;csu/f ,if;pum;&yfonf wyfrawmfom; vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;
ESifh roufqidk af p&/
( # ) Edik if aH wmf ydik af iGaMu;? ajr? tdr?f taqmufttH?k ,mOf? ypön;f ponfwu Ydk kd
wkduf½dkufjzpfap? oG,f0dkufaomenf;jzifhjzpfap &,loHk;pGJol odkYr[kwf
,if;od&Yk ,lo;kH pJo G nhf tzJUG tpnf;0ifjzpfo?l
>cif;csu/f (1) Edik if aH wmfyikd f aiGaMu;[laom pum;&yfwiG f tNird ;f pm; vpm?
p&dw?f aiGaMu;aomfvnf;aumif;? Ekid if aH wmftusKd ; twGuf
aqmif & G u f o jzih f Ek d i f i H a wmf u w&m;0if a xmuf y H h
cs;D jri§ x fh m;aom vpm? p&dw?f aiGaMu;aomfvnf;aumif;
ryg0if?
 46
(2) Edik if aH wmfyikd f ajr? tdr?f taqmufttH?k ,mOf? ypön;f
[laompum;&yfwiG f Oya'wpf&yf&yft&aomfvnf;aumif;?
wm0eft&aomfvnf;aumif; Ekid if aH wmfu oH;k pJcG iG jfh yKxm;
aom odrYk [kwf Edik if aH wmfxrH S tcaMu;aiGjzihf iSm;&rf;
oH;k pJaG om Edik if aH wmfyikd f ajr? tdr?f taqmufttHEk iS fh tcef;
rsm;? tjcm;taqmufttHkESihftcef;rsm;? EkdifiHawmfydkif
av,mOf? &xm;? oabFm? armfawmf,mOf? ypön;f ponfrsm;
ryg0if/
( X ) Edik if aH wmfzUGJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya' tmPmrwnfru D jzpfap? tmPm wnfNy;D rS
jzpfap jynfolUvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f t&nftcsif;ysuf,Gif;aponhf
a&G;aumufyq GJ ikd &f m w&m;rJjh yKusirhf u I sL;vGejf cif;aMumihf odrYk [kwf a&G;aumufyGJ
qdik &f mOya'ESit fh nD aqmif&u G &f efysuu f u G jf cif;aMumihf jynfoUl vTwaf wmf
ud,
k pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG rfh &Sad Mumif; oufqidk &f mu
owfrw S xf m;onhu f mv ukeq f ;kH jcif; r&Sad o;ol/
wyfrawmfom; jynfoUl vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f owfrw S jf cif;
34/ wyfrawmfom; jynfoUl vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D
jynfolUvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpf wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu
Oya'ESihftnD trnfpm&if;wifoGif;aom wyfrawmfom;rsm;onf jynfolU
vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrw S x f m;onhf t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh
jynhpf &kH rnf/
trsdK;om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f owfrw S jf cif;
35/ trsdK;om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f owfrw S jf cif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D
trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;onf -
 47
(u) touf 30 ESpjf ynfNh y;D olrsm;jzpf&rnf?
( c ) toufuefYowfcsufrSty jynfolUvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpf
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG &fh adS om t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESijfh ynhpf &kH rnf?
( * ) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG fh r&Sd
apaom jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv fh nf; oufqikd af p&rnf/
wyfrawmfom; trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f owfrw S jf cif;
36/ wyfrawmfom; trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D
trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;tjzpf wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f
Oya'ESit fh nD trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f onhf wyfrawmfom;rsm;onf trsKd ;om;
vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrw S x f m;onhf t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh
jynfph &kH rnf/
wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;\ t&nftcsif;
owfrw S jf cif;
37/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;\ t&nftcsi;f
owfrSwfjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;NyD; wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf
ud,k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf -
(u) jynfoUl vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG &fh adS om
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynhpf &kH rnf?
( c ) jynfolUvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHydkifcGihf
r&Sad paom jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv fh nf; oufqikd af p&rnf/
 48
wyfrawmfom; wkdif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,frsm;\
t&nftcsi;f owfrw S jf cif;
38/ wyfrawmfom; wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud,k pf m;vS,rf sm;\
t&nftcsi;f ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;
vS,rf sm;tjzpf wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f Oya'ESit fh nD trnfpm&if;
wifoiG ;f onhf wyfrawmfom;rsm;onf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf
ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrw S x
f m;onhf t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESijfh ynhpf &kH rnf/
 Oya'jyKa&;qkid &f m tmPmcGaJ 0rI

Sharing of Legislative Power

 49
Oya'jyKa&;qdik &f mtmPmcGaJ 0rI
1/ Ekid if aH wmfumuG,af &;ESiv hf NHk cKaH &;u@
jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(u) jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if aH wmfEiS hf jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if aH wmf\ e,fajr
tpdwtf ydik ;f rsm;umuG,af &;? ,if;odu
Yk muG,af &;twGuf pDrjH yifqifjcif;?
(c) umuG,af &;ESihf vHjk cKH a&;qdik &f m pufrv I ufrv
I yk if ef;rsm;?
(*) ZD0ESi"hf mwkponfh vufeufrsm;tygt0if vufeufc, J rf;rD;ausmufrsm;ESihf
aygufuaJG pwwfonfyh pön;f rsm;?
(C) tPkjrLpGr;f tif? tPkjrLavmifpm? tPkjrLa&mifjcnfEiS hf ,if;wku Yd kd jzpfxeG ;f
apaom"mwfowåKyif&if;tajctjrpfrsm;?
(i) ppfaMunmjcif;ESihf ppfajyNird ;f jcif;?
(p) Edik if aH wmfwnfNird af &;? at;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf w&m;Oya'pd;k rd;k a&;?
(q) &JwyfzUJG /

2/ Ekid if jH cm;a&;u@
jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(u) oHwrefa&;&m? aumifppfa&;&mESihf tjcm;a&;&mqdik &f mud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;?
(c) ukvor*¾?
(*) tjynfjynfqikd &f m? a'oqdik &f mESihf ESpjf ynfaxmifqikd &f mnDvmcHrsm;? aqG;aEG;yGJ
rsm;? tpnf;ta0;rsm;? toif;rsm;ESihf tjcm;tzJUG tpnf;rsm;wGif yg0if
aqmif&u G af &;ESihf ,if;wdUk \ qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;udk txajrmufapa&;?
(C) tjynfjynfqikd &f mESihf a'oqdik &f mpmcsKyrf sm;? oabmwlncD surf sm;? uGeAf if;
&Si;f rsm;? ESpjf ynfaxmifqikd &f m oabmwlncD surf sm;? pmcsKyrf sm;udk csKyq
f akd &;ESihf
txajrmufapa&;?
 50
(i) Edik if u H ;l vufrw S rf sm;ESihf rnforl nf0gjzpfaMumif; oufaocHvufrw S rf sm;?
(p) jynf0ifciG Ahf ZD m? jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if t H wGi;f okUd 0ifciG jhfyKa&;? aexdik f cGijhfyKa&;?
Ekid if rH x S uG cf mG cGijhf yKa&;? vl0ifrBI u;D Muyfa&;ESihf jynfEiS 'f Pfay;a&;?
(q) jypfru I sL;vGeo f t l m; oufqikd &f mEdik if o H Udk jyefvnfvt JT yfay;a&;ESihf oufqikd &f m
Ekid if rH aS wmif;qdak &;/

3/ b@ma&;ESiphf rD u
H ed ;f u@
(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) jynfaxmifpt k &toH;k cefUrSe;f ajcaiGpm&if;?
(2) jynfaxmifpb k @m&efyakH iG?
(3) aiGpuúLxkwv f yk af &;? '*Fg;oGe;f vkyaf &;?
(4) jrefrmEkid if aH wmfA[db k PfEiS hf aiGa&;aMu;a&;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;?
(5) Edik if jH cm;oH;k aiGxed ;f odr;f Bu;D Muyfa&;?
(6) t&if;tES;D ESiahf iGaMu;aps;uGu?f
(7) tmrcHvyk if ef;?
(8) 0ifaiGceG ?f
(9) ukeo f ,G v
f yk if ef;cGe?f
(10) wHqyd af cgif;cGe?f
(11) taumufceG ?f
(12) atmifbmavxD?
(13) tcGet f ,lcjH cif;?
(14) jynfaxmifp\ k 0efaqmifrv I yk if ef;rsm;?
 51
(15) jynfaxmifpkydkifypönf;rsm; a&mif;csjcif;? iSm;&rf;jcif;ESifh
tjcm;enf;jzifh aqmif&u G jf cif;?
(16) jynfaxmifpb k @m&efyakH iGrsm; xkwaf cs;jcif;?
(17) jynfaxmifpb k @m&efyakH iGrsm; &if;ES;D jrK§ yEf jHS cif;?
(18) jynfwiG ;f jynfyrS aiGacs;,ljcif;?
(19) jynfaxmifpt k wGuyf pön;f &,ljcif;?
(20) jynfyrS aiGaMu;tultnDEiS hf taxmuftyh?H
(21) trsKd ;om;pDru H ed ;f ?
(22) pm&if;ppfwrf;aumuf,jl cif;?
(23) trsKd ;om;rSww f rf;ESiahf rmfueG ;f ?
(24) &if;ES;D jrK§ yEf rHS ?I
(25) pm&if;ppfaq;jcif;/
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;
(1) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ft&toH;k cefUrSe;f ajcaiGpm&if;?
(2) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fb@m&efyakH iG?
(3) ajr,mcGe?f
(4) ,pfrsdK;cGef (rl;,pfaq;0g;ESihf pdwu f akd jymif;vJapwwfonfh aq;0g;
rsm;ryg)?
(5) taqmufttHEk iS hf ajrcGe?f a&cGe?f vrf;rD;cGe?f bD;cGepf onfh pnfyif
om,ma&;qkid &f mtcGet f crsm;?
(6) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,frsm;\ 0efaqmifrv I yk if ef;rsm;?
(7) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fyikd yf pön;f rsm; a&mif;csjcif;?
iSm;&rf;jcif;ESihf tjcm;enf;jzifah qmif&u G jf cif;?
 52
(8) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fb@m&efyaHk iGrsm; jynfwiG ;f ü
xkwaf cs;jcif;?
(9) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fb@m&efyaHk iGrsm; jynfwiG ;f ü &if;ES;D
jrK§ yEf jHS cif;?
(10) a'oEÅ&pDru H ed ;f ?
(11) tao;pm;aiGacs;vkyif ef;?

4/ pD;yGm;a&;u@
(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) pD;yGm;a&;?
(2) ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;?
(3) or0g,r?
(4) aumfyakd &;&Si;f ? bkwt f zGUJ ? vkyif ef;? ukrP Ü ?D tpkpyf?
(5) oGif;ukef? xkwfukefESihf,if;ukefypönf;rsm;\ t&nftaoG;
owfrw S jf cif;?
(6) [dw k ,fEiS w fh nf;cdck ef;?
(7) c&D;oGm;vma&;vkyif ef;/
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;
(1) jynfaxmifpu k jy|mef;onfOh ya'ESit fh nD wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf
jynfe,ftwGi;f aqmif&u G o f nfh pD;yGm;a&;udprö sm;?
(2) jynfaxmifpu k jy|mef;onfOh ya'ESit fh nD wkid ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf
jynfe,ftwGi;f aqmif&u G o f nfh ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;udprö sm;?
(3) jynfaxmifpu k jy|mef;onfOh ya'ESit fh nD wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf
jynfe,ftwGi;f aqmif&u G o f nhf or0g,rudprö sm;/
 53
5/ pku
d yf sK;d a&;ESiahf rG;jrLa&;u@
(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) ajr,mpDrcH efUcGrJ ?I
(2) ajrvGw?f ajrvyfEiS fh ajr½dik ;f rsm;azmfxw k jf cif;?
(3) aMu;wdik Ef iS fh ajrpm&if;?
(4) ajrwdik ;f ?
(5) jynfaxmifpu k pDrcH efUcGo J nfh qnfajrmif;? wmwrHEiS fh pdu k yf sKd ;a&
&&Sad &;vkyif ef;rsm;?
(6) rd;k av0o? ZvaA'ESifh ajrivsiw f ikd ;f wma&;?
(7) pmcsKypf mwrf;rSwyf w kH ifjcif;?
(8) pufrv I ,f,m?
(9) pdu k yf sKd ;a&;okawoe?
(10) "mwfajrMoZmESiyfh ;kd owfaq;xkwv f yk af &;?
(11) yifv,fig;vkyif ef;?
(12) wd&pämefrsKd ;yGm;a&;? a&m*gumuG,af &;? ukoa&;ESifh okawoe
vkyif ef;rsm;/
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;
(1) v,f,mpdu k yf sKd ;a&;?
(2) tyifEiS o fh ;D ESzH suyf ;kd rTm;a&m*gumuG,af &;ESifh ESrd ef if;a&;?
(3) "mwfajrMoZm pepfwusoHk;pGJa&;ESihf obm0ajrMoZmrsm;
pepfwus xkwv f yk f oH;k pGaJ &;?
(4) pdu k yf sKd ;a&;acs;aiGEiS fh pkaiGrsm;?
 54
(5) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fupDrcH efUcGcJ iG &fh adS om qnfajrmif;?
wmwrH? a&uef? a&Ekwaf jrmif;ESifh pduk yf sKd ;a& &&Sad &;vkyif ef;rsm;?
(6) a&csKd ig;vkyif ef;?
(7) jynfaxmifpu k jy|mef;onhf Oya'ESit fh nD wd&pämefarG;jrLa&;ESifh
pepfwus xde;f ausmif;a&;/

6/ pGr;f tif? vQypf pf? owåKEiS hf opfawmu@

(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) a&eH? obm0"mwfaiGUESihf jynfaxmifpOk ya't& ab;tEÅ&m,f
jzpfavmufatmif avmifuRr;f apwwfonf[k owfrw S x f m;
aom tjcm;t&nftcJ ponfrsm;?
(2) jynfaxmifpk vQypf pf"mwftm; xkwv f yk jf zefUjzL;a&;?
(3) owåKrsm;? owåKwiG ;f rsm;? owåKwiG ;f tvkyo f rm;ab;uif;a&;?
obm0ywf0ef;usix f ed ;f odr;f a&;ESihf jyefvnfjyKjyifwnfaqmuf
a&;?
(4) ausmufrsu&f wem?
(5) ykv?J
(6) opfawm?
(7) awm½kid ;f wd&pämefrsm;? obm0tyifrsm;ESihf obm0e,fajrrsm;
tygt0if ywf0ef;usiu f muG,af &;ESihf xde;f odr;f a&;/
(c) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;
(1) jynfaxmifpu k pDrcH efcY cJG iG &hf o
dS nfh tBu;D pm;vQypf pf"mwftm;
xkwv f yk jf zefjY zL;a&;rSty r[m"mwftm;vkid ;f ESihf qufo, G jf cif;
r&Sad om wkid ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fu pDrcH efcY cJG iG &hf o dS nfh
tvwfpm;ESihf tao;pm;vQypf pf"mwftm; xkwv f yk jf zefjY zL;a&;?
 55
(2) qm;ESiq hf m;xGuyf pön;f ?
(3) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f ausmufrsu&f wem
jzwfawmufjcif;? aoG;jcif;?
(4) aus;&Gmxif;pku d cf if;?
(5) tyef;ajzpcef;rsm;? wd&pämefO,smOf? ½kua© A'O,smOf/

7/ pufrv
I ufru
I @
(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) jynfaxmifpt k qihu f aqmif&u G rf nfh pufrv I yk if ef;rsm;?
(2) pufrZI ek rf sm;?
(3) xkwv f yk of nfyh pön;f rsm;twGuf tajccH pHcsed f pHñeT ;f rsm;?
(4) odyEHÜ iS efh nf;ynm? odyEHÜ iS efh nf;ynmqdik &f mokawoe?
(5) tav;wif;awmif;? twdik ;f twm ponfwUkd udk pHjyKjcif;?
(6) rlydkifcGihfrsm; (Copyrights)? wDxGifrIrlydkifcGihfrsm; (Patents)?
uket f rSwf wHqyd rf sm; (Trademarks)? pufrq I ikd &f m'DZikd ;f rsm;
(Industrial Designs) ponfh todÓPfqdkif&mypönf;rsm;
(Intellectual Properties)/
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;
(1) jynfaxmifpt k qihu f aqmif&u G &f ef owfrw S xf m;onhf pufrI
vkyif ef;rsm;rSty tjcm;pufrv I yk if ef;rsm;?
(2) tdrw f iG ;f pufrv I ufrv I yk if ef;rsm;/
 56
8/ ydUk aqmifa&;? qufo, G af &;ESihf aqmufvyk af &;u@
(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) jynfwiG ;f a&aMumif;o,f,yl Ukd aqmifa&;?
(2) a&aMumif;vrf;rsm;jyKjyifxed ;f odr;f a&;?
(3) a&t&if;tjrpfEiS fh jrpfacsmif;rsm; zGUH NzKd ;wd;k wufa&;?
(4) yifv,fa&aMumif;o,f,yl aYkd qmifa&;?
(5) yifv,fu;l oabFmqdyu f rf;Bu;D rsm;?
(6) rD;jywdu k ?f rD;jyoabFmESifh rD;jytpDtrHrsm;?
(7) oabFmwnfaqmufa&;? jyifqifxed ;f odr;f a&;?
(8) avaMumif;o,f,yl aYkd qmifa&;?
(9) avaMumif;yso H ef;a&;? xde;f odr;f a&;ESifh av,mOfuiG ;f wnfaqmuf
a&;?
(10) uke;f vrf;o,f,yl aYkd qmifa&;?
(11) rD;&xm;?
(12) jynfaxmifpu k pDrcH efUcGoJ nfh vrf;rBu;D rsm;? wHwm;Bu;D rsm;?
(13) pmwdu k ?f aMu;eef;? w,fvzD ek ;f ? zuf(pf)? tD;ar;vf? tifwmeuf?
tifx&meufEiS fh tvm;wlqufo, G af &;?
(14) ½kyjf rifoMH um;? j*Kd [w f qk ufo, G af &;? toHviT thf oHzrf;vkyif ef;ESihf
tvm;wlqufo, G af &;rsm;?
(15) tdr&f mESihf taqmufttkrH sm;/
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;
(1) wdik ;f a'oMu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fu pDrcH efcY cJG iG &hf o dS nfh qdyu
f rf;rsm;?
oabFmqdyrf sm;? qdycf rH sm;?
(2) wdik ;f a'oMu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fupDrcH efcY cJG iG &hf o dS nfh vrf;rsm;?
wHwm;rsm;?
 57
(3) wdik ;f a'oMu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f omoGm;vmonfh yk*v
¾ u
d
,mOfrsm; pepfwusajy;qGEJ ikd af &;/
9/ vlraI &;u@
(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) ynmoifMum;a&;qdik &f m oif½;kd ñTe;f wrf;? oif½;kd rmwdum? oifjy
enf;pepf? okawoe? pDru H ed ;f ? pDrcH suEf iS phf rH sm;?
(2) wuúov kd ?f 'D*&Daumvdy?f odypHÜ onfo h ifwef;rsm;ESihf tqifjh rifh
ynm tjcm;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;?
(3) jynfaxmifpu k owfrw S o
f nfh pmar;yGrJ sm;?
(4) ud, k yf ikd af usmif;rsm;ESihf oifwef;rsm;?
(5) trsdK;om;tm;upm;?
(6) trsdK;om;use;f rma&;?
(7) wdik ;f &if;aq;ynmESifh wdik ;f &if;aq;0g;zGUH NzKd ;wd;k wufa&;?
(8) ukodkvfjzpfaq;½Hkrsm;ESifhaq;cef;rsm;? yk*¾vduaq;½Hkrsm;ESifh
aq;cef;rsm;?
(9) rdcifEiS u hf av;apmifah ½Smufa&;?
(10) MuufajceDtoif;?
(11) tpm;taomuf? aq;0g;? aq;ypönf;ESifhtvSukef ponfwdkY
wkya&maESmxkwv f yk af &mif;csjcif;rS umuG,af &;?
(12) uav;oli,frsm;? vli,frsm;? trsKd ;orD;rsm;? roefrpGr;f olrsm;?
oufBu;D &G,t f rkd sm;? tajctaerJrh sm;tm; apmifah ½Smufa&;?
(13) u,fq,fa&;ESihf jyefvnfxal xmifa&;udp&ö yfrsm;?
(14) rD;owfwyfzUJG ?
 58
(15) tvkyv f yk cf sed ?f em;csed ?f tvkyyf w d &f ufrsm;ESiv hf yk if ef;cGiq
f ikd &f m
ab;tEÅ&m,f uif;&Si;f a&;?
(16) 0gPdZyÆ #dyu©?
(17) vlrl zI v l akH &;?
(18) tvkyo f rm;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;?
(19) jynfaxmifpu k pDrcH efUcGo J nfh -
(uu) a&S;a[mif;,Ofaus;rI odkUr[kwf ordkif;0ifa'orsm;?
taqmufttHrk sm;? txdr;f trSwrf sm;? rSww f rf;rsm;?
ausmufpmrsm;? rifpmrsm;? ayyk&ydu k rf sm;? vufa&;pmrsm;?
vuf&mrsm;? ½ky0f w¬Kypön;f rsm;? a&S;a[mif;okawoe
vkyif ef;rsm;?
( c c ) jywdu k rf sm;? pmMunfw h ukd rf sm;/
(20) pmay? obif? *Dw? ½d;k &myef;? ½ky&f iS ?f AD', D ?kd
(21) arG;zGm;jcif;ESihf aoqH;k jcif;qdik &f mrSwyf w kH ifa&;/
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;
(1) jynfaxmifpu k csrw S x f m;onfh wdik ;f &if;aq;qdik &f m rl0g'rsm;ESihf
rqefu Y siaf om wdik ;f &if;aq;qdik &f mudprö sm;?
(2) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f vlr0I efxrf;vkyif ef;rsm;?
(3) rD;ab;ESihf obm0ab;tEÅ&m,frsm; BuKd wifumuG,af &;?
(4) ukew f ifuek cf svyk if ef;?
(5) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fu pDrcH efUcGcJ iG &hf o dS nfh
(uu) ,Ofaus;rItarGtESprf sm;xde;f odr;f a&;?
( c c ) jywku d Ef iS phf mMunfw h udk rf sm;?
 59
(6) Zmwf½?kH ½ky&f iS ½f kH ESihf AD',
D ½kd ?kH
(7) "mwfy?kH yef;cs?D yef;yk ponfjh yyGrJ sm;/

10/ pDrcH efUcGaJ &;u@

(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) taxGaxGtyk cf sKyaf &;?
(2) ½Gmajr? NrKd Uajr pDrcH efcY aJG &;?
(3) tdrif mS ;? ajriSm;?
(4) rl;,pfaq;0g;ESihf pdwu f akd jymif;vJapwwfaomaq;0g;?
(5) Edik if aH wmfvQKd U0Sucf sux f ed ;f odr;f a&;qkid &f mudprö sm;?
(6) toif;tzGUJ rsm;?
(7) tusO;f axmif?
(8) e,fpyfa'ozGUH NzKd ;wk;d wufa&;?
(9) oef;acgifpm&if;?
(10) Edik if oH m;jzpfjcif;? Edik if oH m;jyKjcif;? Edik if o H m;tjzpfr&S yfpjJ cif;? ½kyo
f rd ;f jcif;?
Edik if oH m;pdppfa&;ESihf rSwyf w Hk ifvyk if ef;?
(11) bGUJ xl;? *kPx f ;l /
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;
(1) pnfyifom,ma&;?
(2) NrKd U&GmESihf td;k tdrzf UHG NzKd ;wd;k wufa&;?
(3) *kPx
f ;l aqmifvufrw
S rf sm;ESihf *kPx
f ;l aqmifqyk pön;f rsm;/
 60
11/ w&m;pD&ifa&;u@
(u) jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;
(1) w&m;pD&ifa&;?
(2) a&SUaersm;?
(3) jypfrq I idk &f m Oya'rsm;? usix hf ;Hk rsm;?
(4) w&m;rOya'rsm;? usix hf ;Hk rsm;tygt0if? y#dnmOf? tEknmw pD&if
qk;H jzwfa&;? w&m;pGq J ydk idk cf iG &hf adS om epfemcsurf sm;? vlrt JG jzpf
cH,jl cif;? ,krH w S tf yfEjHS cif;ESihf ,krH w S t f yfEx HS m;ojzifh pDryH idk cf iG &hf dS
olrsm;? tarGxdef;ESifh ypönf;xdef;? rdom;pkqkdif&mOya'rsm;?
tkyfxdef;olrsm;ESifh tkyfxdef;cH&olrsm;? ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;?
tarGqufcaH &;?
(5) oufaocHOya'?
(6) umvpnf;urf;owf?
(7) trIwefz;dk owfrw S jf cif;?
(8) oD;jcm;oufomcGi?hf
(9) Edik if jH cm;pD&ifyidk cf iG t hf mPm?
(10) yifv,fa&aMumif;pD&ifyikd cf iG ?hf
(11) yifv,f"m;jyrIrsm;? Edik if w H umyifv,fjyif odUk r[kwaf umif;uif,H
ü usL;vG e f a omjypf r I r sm;? tjynf j ynf q d k i f & mOya'uk d
azmufzsuí f ajrjyif odUk r[kwf Edik if w H umyifv,fjyif odrYk [kwf
aumif;uif,üH usL;vGeaf omjypfrrI sm;/
ud,
k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ \ Oya'jyKpm&if;
12/ ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ rsm;tm;
rdrdwdkY wdkif; odkUr[kwf a'otwGuf atmufygudpö&yfrsm;ESihfpyfvsOf;onfh
Oya'jyKciG hf tmPmrsm;udk cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onf
 61
(u) NrKd UjyESifh aus;&GmpDru H ed ;f rsm; (Town and Village Plan)?
(c) vrf;wHwm;rsm;azmufvyk ?f wnfaqmuf? jyKjyifxed ;f odr;f a&;?
(*) jynfou Yl se;f rma&;?
(C) pnfyifom,ma&;vkyif ef;?
(i) rD;ab;tEÅ&m,fBuKd wifumuG,af &;?
(p) pm;usuaf jrrsm;xde;f odr;f a&;?
(q) opfawmrsm;umuG,x f ed ;f odr;f a&;?
(Z) jynfaxmifpkujy|mef;onfh Oya'ESifhtnD obm0ywf0ef;usif
xde;f odr;f a&;?
( ps ) NrKd UESifh aus;&Gmrsm;twGi;f a&ESifh vQypf pfr;D qdik &f mudp?ö
(n) NrKd Ursm;ESifh aus;&Gmrsm;\ aps;rsm;qdik &f mudp/ö
tjcm;udp&ö yfrsm;ESipf h yfvsO;f í Oya'jyKjcif;
13/ jynfaxmifp?k wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fEiS fh ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f
odUk r[kwf ud, k yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ Oya'jyKpm&if;rsm;wGif azmfjyrxm;
aom tjcm;udp&ö yfrsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í Oya'jyKyikd cf iG t fh mPmudk jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfoYkd tyfEiS ;f onf/
jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;twGuf Oya'jyKjcif;
14/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfujkd zpfap? ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKyf
cGi&hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ udjk zpfap Oya'jyKciG hf
tyfESif;xm;aomudpörsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;í jynfaxmifpke,fajrrsm; twGuf
Oya'jy|mef;ay;&efvt kd yfygu jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu vdt k yfaom Oya'udk
jy|mef;ay;&rnf/
Oya'rsm;\ tusK;d oufa&mufrI
15/ vTwaf wmftqifq h ifEh iS hf ud,k yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpOk ;D pD;tzGUJ rsm;u jy|mef;onhf
Oya'rsm;\ tusK;d oufa&mufrEI iS phf yfvsO;f Ny;D -
 62
(u) ud,k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ u jy|mef;vdu k o f nfOh ya'yg jy|mef;csuf wpf&yf&yfonf oufqikd &f m
wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh
Oya'yg jy|mef;csuf wpf&yf&yfEiS q hf efu Y siaf evQif oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'o
Bu;D vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh Oya'ygtwdik ;f
vdu k ef musio hf ;kH &rnf?
(c) ud,k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ u jy|mef;vdu k o f nfh Oya'ygjy|mef;csuf wpf&yf&yfonf jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfu jy|mef;onfh Oya'ygjy|mef;csuf wpf&yf&yfEiS hf qefu Y siaf evQif
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh Oya'ygtwdik ;f vku d ef musio hf ;kH
&rnf?
(*) wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu jy|mef;vdu k f
onfh Oya'ygjy|mef;csufwpf&yf&yfonf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfu
jy|mef;onfh Oya'yg jy|mef;csufwpf&yf&yfESifh qefYusifaevQif
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh Oya'ygtwkid ;f vku d ef musio hf ;Hk
&rnf?
(C) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf? wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf? jynfe,fvw T af wmf?
udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh& wdkif;OD;pD;tzGJU odkYr[kwf udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&
a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ u jy|mef;vku d o f nfh Oya'ygjy|mef;csuf wpf&yf&yfonf
vnf;aumif;? wnfqJOya' wpf&yf&yfonfvnf;aumif; zGJUpnf;yHk
tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csufwpf&yf&yfESifh qefYusifaevQif zGJUpnf;yHk
tajccHOya'ygtwdik ;f vku d ef musio hf ;kH &rnf/
b@ma&;aumfr&Sizf UGJ pnf;jcif;? wm0efEiS v hf yk yf idk cf iG rhf sm;
16/ b@ma&;aumfr&Sif zJGUpnf;jcif;tygt0if b@ma&;qdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;ESifh
pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
 63
(u) jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;Xmersm;\ t&toHk; cefYrSef;ajc aiGpm&if;rsm;ESifh
jynfaxmifpt k qifh tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ t&toH;k cefrY eS ;f ajc aiGpm&if;rsm;udk
Edik if aH wmfor®wu wm0efay;tyfaom 'kw, d or®wwpfO;D u OD;aqmif
pdppfí jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D Xmersm;tygt0if jynfaxmifpk tqift h zGUJ
tpnf;rsm;\ t&toH;k aiGpm&if; vsmxm;csuu f kd b@ma&;aumfr&Sio f Ykd
wifjy&rnf?
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f t&toH;k aiGpm&if;rsm;udk Edik if aH wmf
or®wu wm0efay;tyfaom use'f w k ,d or®wwpfO;D u OD;aqmifppd pfNy;D
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ft&toH;k aiGpm&if; vsmxm;csuu f kd
b@ma&;aumfr&Sio f Ykd wifjy&rnf?
(*) jynfaxmifpek ,fajr toH;k p&dwrf sm;yg&Sad om jynfaxmifp\ k t&toH;k
cefUrSef;ajc aiGpm&if;? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,frsm;twGuf
jynfaxmifpb k @m &efyakH iGrS b@maiGrsm;udk oifah vsmo f vdk jznfq
h nf;
ay;jcif;? jynfaxmifpb k @m &efyakH iGrS txl;udpw ö pf&yftaejzifh axmufyhH
jcif;? acs;aiGrsm;cGijhf yKjcif; tygt0if jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiG t& toH;k
qdik &f mOya'Murf; odUk r[kwf aemufxyfb@maiG cJaG 0oH;k pGaJ &; Oya'Murf;udk
jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfoYkd axmufcw H ifjyEdik af &;twGuf vnf;aumif;?
b@ma&;qdik &f m aqmif&u G of ifo
h nfu h pd rö sm;udk tBujH yKEikd af &;twGuf
vnf;aumif;? cdik rf maomb@ma&;pepf jzpfay: apa&;twGuf jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfu Oya'jy|mef;í wm0efay;tyfonfu h pd &ö yfrsm;udv
k nf;aumif;
aqmif&u G Ef ikd af &;twGuf b@ma&; aumfr&Siu f kd atmufygyk*Kd¾ vrf sm;jzifh
zGUJ pnf;&rnf -
(1) Edik if aH wmfor®w - Ouú|
(2) 'kw, d or®wrsm; - 'kw, d Ouú|rsm;
 64
(3) jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf - tzJUG 0if
(4) jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf - tzJUG 0if
(5) wdik ;f a'oBu;D 0efBu;D csKyrf sm; - tzJUG 0ifrsm;
ESihf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyrf sm;
(6) aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú| - tzJUG 0if
(7) jynfaxmifpb k @ma&;0efBu;D - twGi;f a&;rSL;
(C) (1) b@ma&;aumfr&Siu f kd zJUG pnf;onft h cg tzJUG 0iftjzpf xrf;aqmif
&rnf&h mxl;ae&mwGif taMumif;wpfpw kH pf&maMumifh wm0efay;tyfjcif;
cH&olr&Sdao;ygu EdkifiHawmfor®wonf oifhavsmfonfh yk*d¾Kvf
wpfO;D OD;tm; ,m,DtzJUG 0iftjzpf wm0efay;tyfEikd o f nf?
(2) b@ma&;aumfr&Sif zGUJ pnf;jcif;udk Edik if aH wmfor®wu xkwjf yefaMunm
&rnf/ xdUk jyif b@ma&;aumfr&Sit f wGuf vdt k yfaom trde?Yf ñTeMf um;
csuf ponfrsm;udv k nf; Edik if aH wmfor®w odrYk [kwf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu
wm0efay;tyfonfyh *k Kd¾ vu f xkwjf yefaMunmEdik o f nf/f
( i ) b@ma&;aumfr&Sio f nf jynfaxmifp\ k t&toH;k cefUrSe;f ajcaiGpm&if;?
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,frsm;tm;jynfaxmifpk b@m&efyakH iGrS
b@maiGrsm;udk oifhwifhavsmufywfpGm jznfhqnf;ay;jcif;? txl;udpö
wpf&yftaejzifh axmufyjhH cif;? vdt k yfrnfh acs;aiGrsm; xkwaf cs;jcif;wdyYk g0if
onfh jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiG t& toH;k qdik &f m Oya'Murf;udk jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfoYdk wifjyEdik af &;twGuf Edik if aH wmfor®wxHoYkd axmufcw H ifjy&
rnf?
( p ) b@ma&;aumfr&Sifonf vdktyfygu b@ma&;uRrf;usifolrsm;\
tMuÓ H Pfrsm;udk &,lEidk o f nf?
 65
jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiG t&toH;k qdik &f m Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f jcif;
(q) jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &tzGUJ ud, k pf m; Edik if aH wmfor®w odUk r[kwf ,if;u wm0ef
ay;tyfonfhyk*¾dKvfonf jynfaxmifpk\b@maiG t&toHk;qdkif&m
Oya'Murf;udk jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfow Ykd ifjy&rnf?
( Z ) jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiG t& toH;k qdik &f mOya'Murf;wGiyf g&Sad om -
(1) Edik if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't& zGUJ pnf;xm;aom jynfaxmifpk
tqifh tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ tBu;D tuJrsm;ESihf tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm;\ vpm?
p&dwEf iS hf ,if;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ toH;k p&dwrf sm;?
(2) jynfaxmifpu k ay;qyf&efwm0ef&adS oma<u;NrrD sm;? ,if;a<u;NrrD sm;ESihf
qufET,faomukefusp&dwfrsm;? jynfaxmifpku acs;,laiGrsm;ESifh
qufE, T af om tjcm;ukeu f sp&dwrf sm;?
(3) w&m;½H;k odrYk [kwf cH½k ;kH wpfcck \ k pD&ifcsu?f trde?Yf 'Du&Dt& ay;aqmif
&ef&adS om toH;k p&dwrf sm;?
(4) wnfqOJ ya' wpf&yf&yft&jzpfap? tjynfjynfqikd &f m pmcsKyw f pfcck k
t&jzpfap usc&H rnfh tjcm;toH;k p&dwrf sm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfwiG f aqG;aEG;ydik cf iG &hf o dS nf/ odUk aomf jiif;y,fjcif;? avQmí h
cGijfh yKjcif;rjyK&/
(ps) txuftyd'k f (Z) yg toH;k p&dwrf sm;rSty tjcm;toH;k p&dwrf sm;twGuu f rkd l
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu oabmwltwnfjyKjcif;? jiif;y,fjcif;? avQmí h
cGijhf yKjcif;wdUk udk trsm;qE´EiS t hf nD aqmif&u G &f rnf?
(n) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiG t&toH;k
qdik &f m Oya'ygtwdik ;f jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &tzJUG u vdt k yfovdk aqmif&u G &f rnf?
( # ) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu oufqikd &f m b@ma&;ESpt f wGuf jy|mef;xm;onfh
jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiGt&toH;k qdik &f m Oya'yg vsmxm;aom&aiGrsm;ESihf
cGijhf yKxm;aom oH;k aiGrsm;tjyif aemufxyf&aiGrsm; vsmxm;&efEiS hf oH;k aiGrsm;
 66
cGijhfyK&efvt kd yfonft h cg aemufxyf b@maiG cGaJ 0oH;k pGaJ &;Oya'udk txufyg
enf;vrf;rsm;twdik ;f jy|mef;aqmif&u G &f rnf?
( X ) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh aemufxyf b@maiGcaJG 0oH;k pGaJ &;
Oya'yg twdik ;f jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &tzGUJ u vdtk yfovdk aqmif&u G &f rnf?
( ! ) jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiG t&toH;k qdik &f mOya' odUk r[kwf aemufxyf
b@maiGcaJG 0oH;k pGaJ &; Oya't& wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,ftvdu k f
jynfaxmifpk b@m&efyakH iGr&S &So d nfh b@maiGrsm;tygt0if wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odUk r[kwf jynfe,f t&toH;k cefrY eS ;f ajcaiGpm&if;udk oufqikd &f m0efBu;D csKy\ f
axmufcw H ifjycsut f ay: oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfu vdt k yfovdak qG;aEG;í oabmwltwnfjyKjcif;? jiif;y,fjcif;?
avQmí h cGijhf yKjcif;wdu Yk kd trsm;qE´EiS t hf nD aqmif&uG &f rnf/
,if;odUk aqmif&u G &f mwGif -
(1) Edik if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't& zGUJ pnf;xm;aom wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odkUr[kwf jynfe,ftqifh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;\ tBuD;tuJrsm;ESifh
tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm;\ vpm? p&dwEf iS hf ,if;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ toH;k
p&dwrf sm;?
(2) EdkifiHawmf zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya't& zGJUpnf;xm;aom udk,fykdif
tkycf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpOk ;D pD;tzGUJ tBu;D tuJrsm;ESit hf zGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm;\
vpm? p&dwEf iS hf ,if;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ toH;k p&dwrf sm;?
(3) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fuay;qyf&ef wm0ef&adS om a<u;NrD
rsm;? ,if;a<u;NrrD sm;ESihf qufE, T af om ukeu f sp&dwrf sm;? wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odUk r[kwf jynfe,fu acs;,laiGrsm;ESihf qufE, T af om ukeu f sp&dwrf sm;?
(4) w&m;½H;k odrYk [kwf cH½k ;kH wpfcck \ k pD&ifcsu?f trde?Yf 'Du&Dt& ay;aqmif
&ef&adS om toH;k p&dwrf sm;?
 67
(5) wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf odUk r[kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh
Oya'wpf&yf&yft& usc&H rnft h jcm;toH;k p&dwrf sm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í
wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf odUk r[kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfwiG f aqG;aEG;ydik f
cGi&hf odS nf? odaYk omf jiif;y,fjcif;? avQmí h cGijhf yKjcif; rjyK&/
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,frsm;uaumufc&H rnft h cGet f crsm;
( ¡ ) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkUr[kwf jynfe,frsm;u Oya'ESifhtnD aumufcHí
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fb@m&efyakH iGoUkd ay;oGi;f &rnfh tcGet f c
rsm;rSm atmufygtwdik ;f jzpfonf -
(1) ajr,mcGe?f
(2) ,pfrsKd ;cGe?f
(3) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fu pDrcH efUcGcJ iG &fh o dS nfh qnfrsm;?
wmwrHrsm;udk t&if;cHonfh a&cGef? wmwrHcGefESifh xdkqnfrsm;?
wmwrHrsm;\a&tm;jzifh xkwv f yk &f &So
d nfh vQypf pf"mwftm; oH;k pGcJ ?
(4) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fu pDrHcefUcGJcGihf&Sdonfhvrf;rsm;?
wHwm;rsm; jzwfoef;c?
(5) (uu) a&csKd ig;vkyif ef;tay:wGif pnf;Muyfaumufco H nfh b@m
awmfaMu; (Royalty)?
( cc) owfrSwfxm;aom tuGmta0;twGif; yifv,fig;zrf;
vkyif ef;tay:wGif pnf;Muyfaumufco H nfh b@mawmfaMu;
(Royalty)?
(6) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fuek ;f vrf;? a&vrf;oH;k ,mOfrsm; qdik &f m
Oya't& pnf;MuyfaomtcGe?f
(7) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fyidk yf pön;f rsm; a&mif;&aiGEiS hf iSm;&rf;crsm;?
,if;ypön;f rsm;rS&&Sad om tjcm;tusKd ;tjrwfrsm;?
 68
(8) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,frsm;u 0efaqmifrI vkyif ef;rsm; twGuf
owf r S w f a umuf c H o nf h tcaMu;aiG r sm;? tcG e f t crsm; ES i h f
tjcm;&aiGrsm;?
(9) wdik ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
tygt0if wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f &Sd w&m;½H;k rsm;u
csrw S o f nfh 'PfaiGrsm;? 0efaqmifrt I wGuf aumufco H nfh tcGet f c
rsm;ESifh tjcm;&aiGrsm;?
(10) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fb@m&efyakH iGrsm; xkwaf cs;ojzifh
&&Sad omtwd;k rsm;?
(11) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f\&if;ES;D jrK§ yEf rHS jI zifh &&So d nft h usKd ;
tjrwfrsm;?
(12) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f &Sd opfawmrsm;rS atmufyg
ypön;f rsm; xkw, f ol nft
h wGuf aumufco H nfh tcGet f crsm; -
(uu) uRe;f ESio hf wfrwS af omopfrmrsm;rStyuseo f pfrsm;tay:wGif
aumufco H nft
h cGe?f
( cc ) xif;? rD;aoG;? Burd ?f 0g;? iSuo f u kd ?f &Sm;ap;? oeyfcg;? xif;½S L;qD?
opfarT;? ysm;xGuyf pön;f rsm;tay: aumufco H nft h cGe?f
(13) rSwyf w kH ifaMu;?
(14) yGcJ eG ?f
(15) qm;cGe?f
(16) jynfaxmifpb k @m&efyakH iGrS &&So
d nfb h @maiGrsm;?
(17) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f &Sd pnfyifom,ma&;qdik &f m
tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ xnf0h ifaiGrsm;?
(18) ydik &f iS rf ay:aom oGi;f xm;aiGrsm;ESihf ypön;f rsm;?
(19) &wemodu k f ( Treasure Trove)/
 69
(P) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,frsm;onf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
b@m &efyakH iGrsm;udk Oya'ESit hf nD oH;k pGcJ iG &hf o
dS nf?
jynfaxmifpk b@m&efyakH iGoaYkd y;oGi;f &rnft h jcm;tcGet f crsm;
(w) jynfaxmifpo k nf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,frsm;u aumufccH iG &hf adS om
tcGeftcrsm;rSty tjcm;tcGeftcrsm;udk Oya'ESifhtnD aumufcHí
jynfaxmifpb k @m&efyakH iGoYkd ay;oGi;f &rnf?
(x) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,frsm;u aumufc&H efowfrw S x f m;onfh
&aiGrsm;ESihf tcGet f ctrsKd ;tpm;rsm;udk jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;twGuf
aumufc&H ef&ydS gu jynfaxmifpu k Oya'ESit hf nD aumufcNH y;D jynfaxmifpk
b@m&efyakH iGoaYkd y;oGi;f &rnf?
( ' ) jynfaxmifpo k nf jynfaxmifpb k @m&efyakH iGukd Oya'ESit fh nD oH;k pGcJ iG ½hf o
dS nf/
 vTwaf wmftqifq h if\h
Oya'jyKjcif;qkid &f mvkyif ef;rsm;

Legislature of Hluttaws
 71
vTwaf wmftqifq h if\ h Oya'jyKjcif;qkid &f mvkyif ef;rsm;
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;usi;f yjcif;
1/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\ yxrtBurd yf rHk eS t f pnf;ta0;udk jynfoUl vTwaf wmf\
yxrtpnf;ta0;pwifonfah eYrS 15 &uftwGi;f usi;f y&rnf/ jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;rsm;udk jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf em,u u ac:,lusi;f y
&rnf/
2/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf ykrH eS t f pnf;ta0;udk jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf em,uu
wpfEpS v f Qif tenf;qk;H wpfBurd f ac:,lusi;f y&rnf/ ykrH eS t f pnf;ta0; wpfBurd Ef iS hf
wpfBurd t f Mum; t½SnMf umqk;H umvonf 12 vxufrydak p&/
3/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmftpnf;ta0;ü atmufygudp&ö yfrsm;udak qmif½u G of nf -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wajymMum;onfrh ed cYf eG ;f udk rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(c) Edik if aH wmfor®wuay;ydaYk om o0PfvmT ESiefh m,u u cGijfh yKaom tjcm;
o0PfvmT rsm;udk zwfMum;jcif;? rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(*) Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(C) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu twnfjyKxm;onfh Oya'Murf; wpf&yf&yfEiS fh
pyfvsO;f í Edik if aH wmfor®w\ oabmxm;rSwcf surf sm;udk aqG;aEG;jcif;?
qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(i) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t& jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfu
aqmif½u G &f rnfu h pd &ö yfrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(p) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f onfh tpD&ifcpH mrsm;udk aqG;aEG;jcif;?
qk;H jzwfjcif;? rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(q) tqdw k ifoiG ;f jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(Z) ar;cGe;f ar;jref;jcif;? ajzMum;jcif;?
 72
(ps) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf em,u u cGifhjyKonfhudpö&yfrsm;ESihfpyfvsOf;í
aqmif&u G jf cif;/
4/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf txl;tpnf;ta0;udjk zpfap? ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;udk
jzpfap usi;f y&efvt kd yfvQif jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf em,uu ac:,lusi;f y
Edik o
f nf/
5/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmftpnf;ta0;udk ac:,lusi;f yay;&ef Edik if aH wmfor®wu
taMumif;Mum;vQif jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf em,uonf jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf
txl;tpnf;ta0;udjk zpfap? ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;udjk zpfap tjrefq;Hk ac:,l
usi;f y&rnf/
6/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmftpnf;ta0; ac:,lusi;f yay;&ef jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf
udk,fpm;vS,f pkpkaygif;OD;a&teuf tenf;qkH;av;ykHwpfykHu awmif;qdkvQif
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uu txl;tpnf;ta0;udk tjrefqkH;ac:,l
usi;f y&rnf/
7/ (u) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmftpnf;ta0;wpf&yf\ yxraeYwiG f jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufciG ½hf o Sd nfh vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f
pkpak ygif;OD;a&\ xuf0ufausmOf ;D a& wufa&mufvQif ,if;tpnf;ta0;
txajrmufonf/ tu,fítxrajrmufygu tpnf;ta0;udk a&TUqdik ;f
&rnf?
( c ) tyk'd cf JG (u) t& tpnf;ta0;txrajrmufonft h wGuf a½TUqdik ;f usi;f y
&aom tpnf;ta0;rsm;ESit fh pnf;ta0;txajrmufNy;D aemuf qufvuf
usi;f yaom tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf tpnf;ta0;odYk
wufa&mufciG ½fh o Sd nfh vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif; OD;a&teuf tenf;qk;H
ok;H ykw
H pfyHk wufa&mufvQif tpnf;ta0;rsm; txajrmufonf/
 73
8/ (u) jynf a xmif p k v T w f a wmf w G i f tqk H ; tjzwf j yK&rnf h taMumif ; t&m
wpf&yfEiS phf yfvsO;f í rJcq JG ;Hk jzwf&mü þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'wGif tjcm;enf;
jy|mef;xm;jcif;r½dSvQif tpnf;ta0;odkYwufa&mufí qE´rJay;onfh
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;\rsm;&mqE´rjJ zihf qk;H jzwf&rnf?
( c ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif rJcGJqkH;jzwfonfhudpörsm;ü
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfem,u odrYk [kwf em,u wm0efxrf;aqmifaeonfh
'kwd,em,uonf qE´rJray;&/ axmufcHqE´rJESifh uefYuGufqE´rJ
ta&twGucf si;f wlnaD eonfh udp&ö yfwiG o f m ]tEkid rf }J ay;&rnf/
9/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;onf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0;wpf&yfwiG f jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf em,u\ cGijfh yKcsurf &bJ
tpnf;ta0;wufa&muf&ef tenf;qHk;&ufaygif; 15 &uf wpfqufwnf;
ysuu f u G vf Qif owfrw S x f m;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD ta&;,l&ef jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfem,u u oufqikd &f mvTwaf wmfoYkd taMumif;Mum;&rnf/ jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0; wufa&muf&ef cGirfh yhJ suu f u G o f nfh &ufaygif; 15 &ufukd
a&wGu&f mü tpnf;ta0;a&TUqdik ;f xm;onhf umvudk xnho f iG ;f a&wGujf cif;rjyK&/
10/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfonf vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af e&mtcsKd U vpfvyfae
apumrl jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf vkyif ef;rsm;udk aqmif&u G cf iG &fh o
dS nf/ xdtYk jyif
tcGit fh a&;r&So d w l pfO;D u jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&muf
jcif;? qE´raJ y;jcif; odrYk [kwf vTwaf wmfvyk if ef;wpf&yf&yfwiG f yg0ifaqmif&u G f
cJhjcif;udk aemiftcgwGifrS ppfaq;awGU&Sdapumrl jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\
qH;k jzwfaqmif&u G cf surf sm;onf ysujf y,fjcif;r&Sad p&/
11/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\aqmif&u G cf surf sm;ESifh rSww f rf;rsm;udk trsm;jynfol
od&EdS ik d &f ef xkwjfyef&rnf/ od&Y k mwGif Oya'wpf&yf&yft&jzpfap? jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf
\ qH;k jzwfcsut f &jzpfap wm;jrpfxm;onhaf qmif&u G cf surf sm;ESifh rSwwf rf;rsm;udk
xkwjf yefjcif;rjyK&/
 74
Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f jcif;
12/ (u) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfonf ]]jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;}} wGif azmfjy
aomudp&ö yfrsm;ESifh pyfvsO;f í jynfaxmifpw k pf0ef;vH;k twGuaf omfvnf;
aumif;? jynfaxmifpk\ wpfpdwfwpfa'otwGufaomfvnf;aumif;
tmPmoufa&mufap&ef Oya'jyKciG &fh o dS nf?
( c ) jynfolYvTwfawmfwGifjzpfap? trsdK;om;vTwfawmfwGifjzpfap pwif
wifoiG ;f onfh Oya'Murf;udk vTwaf wmfEpS &f yfpvH;k u twnfjyKvQif
,if;Oya'Murf;udk jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfu twnfjyKonf[k rSw, f l
&rnf/
13/ (u) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfonf Oya'wpf&yfjy|mef;onft h cg -
(1) þzGpYJ nf;yHt k ajccHOya't& zGpYJ nf;onfjh ynfaxmifpt k qihf tzGYJ
tpnf;wpf&yf&yftm; ,if;Oya'ESihfoufqdkifonfh enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsO;f Oya'ESifh pnf;urf;Oya'rsm; xkwjf yefciG u fh kd tyfEiS ;f Edik o
f nf?
(2) oufqikd &f mtzGt YJ pnf; odrYk [kwf tmPmydik t f m; ,if;Oya'ESifh
oufqikd o f nfh trdeaYf Mumfjimpm? trde?Yf ñTeMf um;csuEf iS fh vkyx f ;kH
vkyef nf;rsm; xkwjf yefciG u fh kd tyfEiS ;f Edik o f nf/
( c ) Oya'wpf&yfu tyfEiS ;f onhf vkyyf ikd cf iG t fh &jyKvyk af om enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsO;f Oya'? pnf;urf;Oya'? trdeaYf Mumfjimpm? trde?Yf ñTeMf um;csuEf iS fh
vkyx f ;kH vkyef nf;rsm;onf þzGpYJ nf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESifh
vnf;aumif;? oufqdkif&mOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESihfvnf;aumif;
nDñw G rf &I &dS rnf?
( * ) jynfov Yl w
T af wmfEiS fh trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfEpS &f yfpvH;k u enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f
Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'wpf&yf&yfukd y,fzsu&f ef odrYk [kwf jyifqif
 75
ap&ef qH;k jzwfygu ,if;enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;
Oya'udk jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu y,fzsuo f nf odrYk [kwf jyifqif
aponf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
(C) enf;Oya'? pnf;rsOf;Oya' odkYr[kwf pnf;urf;Oya' wpf&yf&yfudk
y,fzsu&f ef odrYk [kwf jyifqifap&ef jynfov Yl wT af wmfEiS fh trsKd ;om;
vTwaf wmfwYkd oabmuGv J yJG gu jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfwiG f aqG;aEG;
qH;k jzwf&rnf?
( i ) enf;Oya'? pnf;rsOf;Oya' odkYr[kwf pnf;urf;Oya' wpf&yf&yfudk
y,fzsu&f ef odrYk [kwf jyifqifap&ef tyd'k cf JG (*) odrYk [kwf (C) t&
qH;k jzwfygu xdo k Ykd y,fzsujf cif; odrYk [kwf jyifqifapjcif;rjyKrD ,if;
enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya't& aqmif&u G f
cJNh y;D aom trIupd rö sm;udk xdcu kd jf cif;r&Sad p&/
14/ jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfonf -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wuwifjyonfh tjynfjynfqikd &f m? a'oqkid &f m odrYk [kwf
EkdifiHtcsif;csif;qdkif&mpmcsKyfrsm;? oabmwlnDcsufrsm;udk twnfjyK
aqmif½u G jf cif;? y,fzsujf cif;? Ekwx f u G jf cif;wkEYd iS phf yfvsO;f í tqH;k tjzwf
ay;&rnf?
( c ) tjynfjynfqikd &f m? a'oqkid &f m odrYk [kwf Ekid if t H csi;f csi;f qdik &f mpmcsKyrf sm;?
oabmwlncD surf sm;teuf rnfuo hJ aYkd ompmcsKyf odrYk [kwf oabm
wlncD sut f rsK;d tpm;udk jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\ twnfjyKcsu&f ,l&ef
rvdkbJcsKyfqdkjcif;? y,fzsufjcif;? EkwfxGufjcif;wkdYudk aqmif½Guf&ef
Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm; vkyyf ikd cf iG v hf t JT yfEikd o f nf/
 76
15/ (u) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\tqkH;tjzwf&,lrnfhudpö&yfrsm;? oabm
wlnDcsuf&,lrnfhudpö&yfrsm;? twnfjyKcsuf&,lrnfhudpö&yfrsm;udk
atmufygtwdik ;f aqmif½u G &f rnf -
(1) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0; usif;yqJumvjzpfvQif
,if;tpnf;ta0;ü aqG;aEG;qk;H jzwf&rnf?
(2) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;usi;f yqJumv r[kwv f Qif
teD;uyfq;Hk jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;ü aqG;aEG;qk;H jzwf
&rnf?
(3) trsm;jynfot l usK;d iSm tvsit f jrefaqmif½u G &f rnfu h pd &ö yfrsm;udk
txl;tpnf;ta0;odrYk [kwf ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;ac:,lusi;f yí
aqG;aEG;qk;H jzwf&rnf/
( c ) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfonf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu Oya'uJo h Ykd tmPmwnf
aom trdew Yf pf&yfux dk w k jf yefNy;D ,if;trdeu Yf kd twnfjyKay;&ef jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfoYkd wifjyonft h cg -
(1) Oya'uJo h Ykd tmPmwnfaomtrdeu Yf kd twnfjyK? rjyK qk;H jzwf&rnf?
(2) twnfjyK&efq;Hk jzwfygu ,if;trdeq Yf ufvuftmPmwnf&rnfh
tcdsef umvudk owfrw S af y;&rnf?
(3) twnfjyKcsurf &&Sv d Qi?f Oya'uJo h t Ykd mPmwnfaom trdeo Yf nf
twnfrjyKonfah eYrpS í? tmPmwnfjcif;rS&yfp&J rnf/
16/ (u) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya't& zGUJ pnf;onfh jynfaxmifpt k qifh tzGUJ
tpnf;rsm;onf ]]jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;}} wGiyf g½daS om udp&ö yfrsm;teuf
rdrw
d Y k d pDrcH efcY oJG nfu h pd &ö yfrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f aom Oya'Murf;rsm;udk owfrw S f
 77
xm;onfh enf;vrf;rsm;ESit hf nD jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f cGihf
½do
S nf?
( c ) jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &tzGUJ uom wifoiG ;f cGi½hf aSd om Edik if aH wmf\ trsK;d om;
pDru H ed ;f ? ESppf Of t&? tok;H cefrY eS ;f ajcaiGpm&if;ESihf tcGet f aumufqidk &f m
Oya'Murf;rsm;udk owfrw S x f m;onfh enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfü aqG;aEG;qk;H jzwf&rnf/
17/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfüomaqG;aEG;qk;H jzwf&rnf[k þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ü
owfrSwfaomOya'Murf;rsm;rSty þzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya't&zGJUpnf;onfh
jynfaxmifpt k qifh tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;u jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f aom
Oya'Murf;rsm;udk owfrw S x f m;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD jynfoUl vTwaf wmf
wGijf zpfap? trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfwiG jf zpfap pwifaqG;aEG; aqmif½u G cf iG ½hf o
Sd nf/
18/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfüom aqG;aEG;qk;H jzwf&rnfh Oya'Murf;rsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmftpnf;ta0;ü aqG;aEG;jcif;rjyKrD tao;pdwaf vhvm
pdppf&efvt kd yfygu jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOya'Murf;aumfrwDEiS hf trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf
Oya'Murf; aumfrwDwt Ykd m; yl;aygif;avhvmpdppfapjcif;? ,if;yl;aygif;aumfrwD\
avhvmawGU&dcS suEf iS hf oabmxm;rSwcf surf sm;udk owfrw S x
f m;onfeh nf;vrf;
rsm;ESifhtnD Oya'Murf;ESifhtwl jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;odkY
wifjyaqmif&u G af pjcif; wdu Yk jkd yKEikd of nf/
19/ Oya'Murf;wpf&yfEiS phf yfvsO;f í jynfoUl vTwaf wmfEiS t hf rsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfwUkd
oabmuGv J yJG gu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfwiG f aqG;aEG;qk;H jzwf&rnf/
Oya'tjzpf xkwjf yef aMunmjcif;
20/ (u) Edik if aH wmfor®wonfjynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfraS y;ydv Yk monfh jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmfu twnfjyKaom odkYr[kwf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfu
twnfjyKonf[k rSwf,l&rnfjzpfaom Oya'Murf;rsm;udk vufcH&&dS
 78
onfah eY\ aemuf wpfaeYrS 14 &uftwGi;f vufrw S af &;xd;k í Oya'tjzpf
xkwjf yefaMunm&rnf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf Oya'Murf;wpf&yfukd vufrw S af &;xd;k í Oya'tjzpf
xkwjf yefaMunm&ef owfrw S x f m;onfu h mvtwGi;f rdr\ d oabmxm;
rSwcf suEf iS t hf wl Oya'Murf;udk jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYkd jyefvnfay;
ydEYk ikd o f nf?
(*) EdkifiHawmfor®wuvufrSwfa&;xdk;í Oya'tjzpfxkwfjyefaMunm&ef
owfrSwfxm;onfhumvtwGif;Oya'Murf;udk EdkifiHawmfor®wu
rdr\ d oabmxm; rSwcf sujf zifh jyefvnfay;ydjYk cif;rjyKvQiaf omfvnf;aumif;?
Oya'Murf;udk vufrw S af &;xd;k í Oya'tjzpfxw k jf yef aMunmjcif;rjyKvQif
aomfvnf;aumif;? owfrw S f umvjynfah jrmufonfah eY&ufwiG f Oya'Murf;
onf Edik if aH wmfor®w\ vufrw S af &;xd;k csuu f kd &&dNS y;D ouJo h Ykd Oya'
jzpfvm&rnf/
21/ (u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wxHay;ydx Yk m;aom Oya'Murf;ukd Ekid if aH wmfor®wu rdr\ d
oabmxm;rSwfcsufrsm;ESifhtwl owfrSwfumvtwGif; jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfoYdk jyefvnfay;ykv Yd Qif jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfonf Ekid if aH wmf
or®w\ oabmxm;rSwcf surf sm;ukd aqG;aEG;ok;H oyfNy;D aemuf Ekid if aH wmf
or®w\ oabmxm;rSwcf suu f vdk ufcí H Oya'Murf;udk jyifqif&ef qk;H jzwf
Ekid o f nf okrYd [kwf Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ oabmxm;rSwcf suu f kd vufrcHbJ
Oya'Murf;ukd rlvtwkid ;f twnfjyK&ef qk;H jzwfEidk o f nf?
(c) EkdifiHawmfor®w\ oabmxm;rSwfcsufESifhtnD jyifqifxm;aom
Oya'Murf; okrYd [kwf Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ oabmxm;rSwcf suu f dk vufrcHbJ
rlvtwkid ;f twnfjyKaom Oya'Murf;tm; jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmf\
qkH;jzwfcsufjzihf jyefvnfay;ykdYvmonfhtcg EkdifiHawmf or®wonf
 79
Oya'Murf;jyefvnf&&SdonfhaeY\ aemufwpfaeYrS ckepf&uf twGif;
vufrw S af &;xk;d í Oya'tjzpf xkwjf yefaMunm&rnf?
( * ) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu jyefvnfay;ykaYd om Oya'Murf;ukd owfrw S f
umvtwGi;f Ekid if aH wmfor®wu vufrw S af &;xk;d jcif;rjyKvQif owfrw S f
umv jynfah jrmufonfah eY&ufwiG f Oya'Murf;onf Ekid if aH wmfor®w\
vufrw S af &;xk;d csuu f dk &&SNd y;D ouJo
h Ydk Oya'jzpfvm&rnf/
22/ Ekid if aH wmfor®wu vufrw S af &;xd;k Ny;D aom Oya'rsm; okrYd [kwf Ekid if aH wmf or®w\
vufrw S af &;xk;d csuf &&Sd Ny;D ouJo h Ykd rSw,f &l rnfjzpfaom Oya'rsm;udk Edik if aH wmf
jyefwrf;wGix f w k jf yefaMunm&rnf/ xdOk ya'wGif oD;jcm;azmfjycsuf rygvQif
xkwjf yefaMunmonfah eYrpS í tmPmwnf&rnf/
23/ þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya't& zGUJ pnf;onfh jynfaxmifpt k qifh tzGUJ tpnf; wpf&yf
&yfudk udk,fpm;jyKaom tzGJUtpnf;0ifrsm;onf em,u\cGifhjyKcsufjzifh
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufonft h cg rdrtd zGUJ tpnf;ESihf
oufqikd af om Oya'Murf;rsm; okrYd [kwf udp&ö yfrsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í &Si;f vif;ajymqdk
aqG;aEG;cGi&hf o Sd nf/
jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfem,u\ vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;/
24/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfem,uonf -
(u) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmftpnf;ta0;rsm;udk Bu;D MuyfuyG u f &J rnf?
( c ) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf tpnf;ta0;odw Yk ufa&mufí rdecYf eG ;f ajymMum;
vkad Mumif; Edik if aH wmfor®wu taMumif;Mum;vQif Edik if aH wmfor®wtm;
zdwMf um;&rnf?
( * ) jynf a xmif p k v T w f a wmf t pnf ; ta0;ü aqG ; aEG ; aqmif & G u f q J
taMumif;t&mwpf&yf&yfEiS pfh yfvsO;f í vdt k yfvQif þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccH
Oya't& zJUG pnf;onhf jynfaxmifpt k qifh tzJUG tpnf;wpf&yf&yfukd
 80
ud,
k pf m;jyKaom tzJUG tpnf;rsm; odrYk [kwf yk*K¾d vrf sm;udk jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfoYkd wufa&muf&iS ;f vif;wifjyap&ef zdwMf um;cGi&hf o dS nf?
(C) þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't& aomfvnf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yft&
aomfvnf;aumif; owfrw S x f m;onhf tjcm;wm0efEiS fh vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;udk
aqmif&u G &f rnf/
25/ þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't& zJUG pnf;onfh jynfaxmifpt k qifh tzJUG tpnf; rsm;onf
jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmftpnf;ta0;okYd wifjyoifah om rdrt d zJUG tpnf;ESihf oufqikd o f nfh
tajctaet&yf&yfukd em,u\ cGijhf yKcsujf zifh wifjyEdik o f nf/
26/ (u) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;onf þzGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhvnf;aumif;? jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfqdkif&mOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf vnf;aumif; rqefu Y siv f Qif jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfEiS hf
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf yl;aygif;aumfrwDww Ykd iG f vGwv f yfpmG ajymqdck iG Ehf iS hf
qE´rJay;ydkifcGifh&dSonf/ xdkodkY jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfESifh jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf yl;aygif;aumfrwDww Ykd iG f wifjy aqG;aEG;jcif;? aqmif&u G jf cif;wdEYk iS hf
pyfvsO;f í jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D udk jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfqikd &f mOya'rSty tjcm;Oya't&ta&;,ljcif; rjyK&?
( c ) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&muf&ef zdwMf um;jcif;cH&aom
þzGUJ pnf;yktH ajccHOya't& zGUJ pnf;onfjh ynfaxmifpt k qift h zGUJ tpnf;
wpf&yf&yf udu k , kd pf m;jyKaom tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf yk*Kd¾ vrf sm;onf
þzGJUpnf;ykHtajccH Oya'ygjy|mef;csufrsm;ESifh aomfvnf;aumif;?
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfqikd &f m Oya'ygjy|mef;csurf sm;ESiahf omfvnf;aumif;
rqefu Y sivf Qif jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfwiG f vGwv f yfpmG ajymqdck iG &hf oSd nf/
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfwiG f wifjyajymqdrk rI sm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í ,if;tzGUJ
 81
tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf yk*Kd¾ vrf sm;tm; jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf qdik &f m
Oya'rSty tjcm;Oya't&ta&;,ljcif; rjyK&?
( * ) txuftyk'd cf GJ (u) ESihf (c) wGif yg&Sad om yk*Kd¾ vrf sm;onf txufygtcGihf
ta&;rsm;uku d sio
hf ;Hk Mu&mwGif uk, d x
f v
d ufa&mufusL;vGerf rI sm;&Scd yhJ gu
,if;wko Yd nf jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf\ pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;? vkyxf ;Hk vkyef nf;
rsm;t&vnf;aumif;? wnfqOJ ya'rsm;t&vnf;aumif; ta&;,ljcif;
cH&rnf/
27/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;wufa&mufaeaom jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;udkjzpfap? jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u\
cGijhf yKcsuf odrYk [kwf zdwMf um;csut f & ,if;tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufaeaom
yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;udkjzpfap zrf;qD;&efvdktyfygu cdkifvkHaomtaxmuftxm;udk
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfem,uxH wifjy&rnf/ jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfem,u\
BuKd wifciG jhf yKcsurf &&Sb d J zrf;qD;jcif;rjyK&/

28/ jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfuaomfvnf;aumif;? ,if;vTwaf wmf\ tcGit hf mPm

t&aomfvnf;aumif; jzefcY sx d w
k af 0onfth pD&ifcpH mrsm;? pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;?
vTwaf wmf rSww f rf;rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í w&m;pGq
J ykd ikd cf iG rhf &daS p&/
jynfoUl vTwaf wmfEiS thf rsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf
1/ (u) jynfolYvTwfawmf\ oufwrf;wpf&yf pwifaomyxrtBudrf ykHrSef
tpnf;ta0;udk taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJ pwifusif;yonfhaeY&ufrS
&ufaygif; 90 twGi;f usi;f y&rnf/
( c ) (1) trsdK;om;vTwfawmfoufwrf; pwifonfhaeY&ufonf jynfolY
vTwaf wmfoufwrf; pwifonfah eY&ufjzpfonf/
 82
(2) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf\ yxrtBurd yf rHk eS t f pnf;ta0;udk ,if;
vTwaf wmf\ oufwrf;pwifonfah eYrS ckepf&uftwGi;f usi;f y&rnf/
2/ (u) (1) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'tmPmwnfNy;D aemuf yxrtBurd f jynfoYl
vTwfawmf ykHrSeftpnf;ta0;udk EkdifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh
zGUH NzKd ;a&;aumifpu D ac:,lusi;f y&rnf/
(2) jynfov Yl wT af wmf\ aemifoufwrf;rsm;twGuf yxrtBurd f ykrH eS f
tpnf;ta0;rsm;udk þzGpYJ nf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuEf iS t fh nD
wm0ef qufvufxrf;aqmifvsu&f adS om jynfov Yl wT af wmfOuú|u
ac:,lusi;f y&rnf/
(c) (1) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya' tmPmwnfNy;D aemuf yxrtBurd f trsKd ;om;
vTwfawmf ykHrSeftpnf;ta0;ukd EkdifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh
zGUNH zKd ;a&;aumifpu D ac:,lusi;f y&rnf/
(2) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf\ aemifoufwrf;rsm;twGuf yxrtBurd f ykrH eS f
tpnf;ta0;rsm;ukd þzGpYJ nf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuEf iS t fh nD
wm0efqufvuf xrf;aqmifvsu&f adS om trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfOuú|u
ac:,lusi;f y&rnf/
3/ (u) (1) yxrtBudrfusif;yaom jynfolYvTwfawmf ykHrSeftpnf;ta0;wGif
jynfov Yl w T af wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;onf jynfov Yl wT af wmf obmywd
a&SUarSmufü uwdopömjyK&rnf/
(2) uwdopömrjyK&ao;aom jynfov Yl w
T af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;onf
pwifwufa&mufaom jynfov Yl wT af wmftpnf;ta0;wGif vTwaf wmf
Ouú|a&SUarSmufü uwdopömjyK&rnf/
(c) (1) yxrtBurd u f si;f yaom trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf ykrH eS t f pnf;ta0;wGif
trsdK;om;vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;onf trsdK;om;vTwfawmf
obmywda&SUarSmufü uwdopömjyK&rnf/
 83
(2) uwdopömrjyK&ao;aom trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;onf
pwif w uf a &muf a om trsd K ;om;vT w f a wmf t pnf ; ta0;wG i f
vTwaf wmfOuú|a&SUarSmufü uwdopömjyK&rnf/
4/ (u) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfyrHk eS t f pnf;ta0;ukd jynfov Yl wT af wmfOuú|u wpfEpS v f Qif
tenf;qk;H wpfBurd f ac:,lusi;f y&rnf/ ykrH eS t f pnf;ta0; wpfBurd Ef iS hf
wpfBurd t f Mum; t&SnMf umqk;H umvonf 12 vxuf rykad p&/
(c) trsdK;om;vTwfawmfykHrSeftpnf;ta0;udk trsdK;om;vTwfawmfOuú|u
wpfEpS v f Qif tenf;qk;H wpfBurd f ac:,lusi;f y&rnf/ ykrH eS t f pnf;ta0;
wpfBurd Ef iS hf wpfBurd t f Mum; t&SnMf umqk;H umvonf 12 v xuf rykad p&/
5/ (u) jynfov Yl w T af wmftpnf;ta0;ü atmufygudp&ö yfrsm;udk aqmif&u G o f nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmfor®w ajymMum;onfrh ed cYf eG ;f ukd rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(2) Ekid if aH wmfor®wu ay;ykaYd omo0PfvmT ESihf Ouú|u cGijhf yKaom tjcm;
o0PfvmT rsm;ukd zwfMum;jcif;? rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(3) Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(4) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t& jynfov Yl w T af wmfu
aqmif&u G &f rnfh udp&ö yfrsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(5) jynfov Yl w T af wmfoYdk wifoiG ;f onfh tpD&ifcpH mrsm;ukd aqG;aEG;jcif;?
qk;H jzwfjcif;? rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(6) tqkw d ifoiG ;f jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(7) ar;cGe;f ar;jref;jcif;? ajzMum;jcif;?
(8) jynfolYvTwfawmfOuú|u cGifhjyKonfhudpö&yfrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf;í
aqmif&u G jf cif;/
(c) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;ü atmufygudp&ö yfrsm; aqmif&u G o f nf
(1) Ekid if aH wmfor®wajymMum;onfh rdecYf eG ;f ukd rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
 84
(2) Ekid if aH wmfor®wu ay;ykaYd om o0PfvmT ESiOhf uú|u cGijhf yKaom tjcm;
o0PfvmT rsm;ukd zwfMum;jcif;? rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(3) Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(4) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t& trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfu
aqmif&u G &f rnfh udp&ö yfrsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(5) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfoYdk wifoiG ;f onfh tpD&ifcpH mrsm;ukd aqG;aEG;jcif;?
qk;H jzwfjcif;? rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(6) tqkw d ifoiG ;f jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
(7) ar;cGe;f ar;jref;jcif;? ajzMum;jcif;?
(8) trsdK;om;vTwfawmfOuú|u cGifhjyKonfhudpö&yfrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf;í
aqmif&u G jf cif;/
6/ (u) (1) jynfolYvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;wpf&yf\ yxraeYwGif jynfolY
vT w f a wmf t pnf ; ta0;ok d Y wuf a &muf c G i h f & S d o nf h vT w f a wmf
uk, d pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a&\xuf0ufausmOf ;D a& wufa&mufvQif
,if;tpnf;ta0; txajrmufonf/ tu,fí txrajrmufygu
tpnf;ta0;udk a&TUqdik ;f usi;f y&rnf?
(2) tyk'd cf iJG ,f(1)t& tpnf;ta0; txrajrmufonft h wGuf a&TUqkid ;f
usi;f yaom tpnf;ta0;rsm;ESihf tpnf;ta0;txajrmufNy;D aemuf
qufvufusi;f yaom tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif jynfov Yl wT af wmf tpnf;
ta0;okYd wufa&mufciG &fh o dS nfh vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif; OD;a&
teuf tenf;qk;H ok;H ykw H pfyHk wufa&mufvQif ,if;tpnf;ta0;rsm;
txajrmufonf/
( c ) (1) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;wpf&yf\ yxraeYwiG f trsKd ;om;
vT w f a wmf t pnf ; ta0;ok d Y wuf a &muf c G i h f & S d o nf h vT w f a wmf
uk, d pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a&\ xuf0ufausmOf ;D a& wufa&mufvQif
 85
,if;tpnf;ta0; txajrmufonf/ tu,fí txrajrmufygu
tpnf;ta0;udk a&TUqdik ;f usi;f y&rnf/
(2) tyk'd cf iJG ,f (1) t& tpnf;ta0; txrajrmufonft h wGuf a&TUqkid ;f
usi;f yaomtpnf;ta0;rsm;ESihf tpnf;ta0;txajrmufNy;D aemuf
qufvufusif;yaom tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif trsdK;om;vTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0;okYd wufa&mufciG &fh o dS nfh vTwaf wmfu,
dk pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;
OD;a&teuftenf;qk;H ok;H ykw H pfywHk ufa&mufvQif ,if;tpnf;ta0;
rsm; txajrmufonf/
7/ (u) (1) jynfov Yl w
T af wmfwiG f tqH;k tjzwfjyK&rnfh taMumif;t&m wpf&yfEiS fh
pyfvsO;f í rJcq JG ;kH jzwf&mü þzGUJ pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'wGif tjcm;enf;
jy|mef;xm;jcif;r&Sv d Qif tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufí qE´raJ y;onhf
jynfov
Yl w
T af wmf uk,
d pf m;vS,rf sm;\rsm;&mqE´rjJ zihf qH;k jzwf&rnf?
(2) jynfov Yl w
T af wmf tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif rJcq JG ;kH jzwfonhf udprö sm;ü
jynfoYl vTwaf wmf Ouú| odrYk [kwf Ouú|wm0ef xrf;aqmifaeonfh
'kw, d Ouú|onf qE´rrJ ay;&/ axmufcH qE´rEJ iS u fh efu
Y uG q f E´rJ
ta&twGucf si;f wlnaD eonfh udp&ö yfwiG o f m ]tEdik rf }J ay;&rnf/
( c ) (1) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfwiG f tqH;k tjzwfjyK&rnfh taMumif;t&mwpf&yf
ESihf pyfvsO;f í rJcq
JG ;kH jzwf&mü þzGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'wGif tjcm;enf;
jy|mef;xm;jcif;r&Sv d Qif tpnf;ta0;odw Yk ufa&mufí qE´raJ y;onfh
trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;\ rsm;&mqE´rjJ zihf qH;k jzwf&rnf/
(2) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif rJcq JG ;kH jzwfonfu h pd rö sm;ü
trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfOuú| odrYk [kwf Ouú|wm0ef xrf;aqmifaeonfh
 86
'kw,d Ouú|onf qE´rrJ ay;&/ axmufcq H E´rEJ iS fh uefu Y u G q
f E´rJ
ta&twGucf si;f wlnaD eonfu h pd &ö yfwiG of m ]tEdik rf }J ay;&rnf/
8/ (u) (1) jynfolYvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;onf jynfolYvTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0;wpf&yfwGif jynfolYvTwfawmf\ cGihfjyKcsufr&bJ
tpnf;ta0;wufa&muf&ef tenf;qH;k &ufaygif; 15 &uf wpfquf
wnf;ysuu f u G v f Qif owfrwS xf m;onhef nf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD xdjk ynfoUl
vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,\ f ae&m vpfvyfonf[k jynfov Yl w T af wmfu
aMunmEdik o f nf/ jynfoUl vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;wufa&muf&ef cGirfh hJ
ysuu f u G o f nfh &ufaygif; 15 &ufukd a&wGu&f mü tpnf;ta0;
a&TUqdik ;f xm;onfh umvudx k nfo h iG ;f a&wGujf cif; rjyK&?
(2) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&muf&rnfh jynfoYl
vT w f a wmf ud k , f p m;vS , f w pf O D ; onf jynf a xmif p k v T w f a wmf
tpnf;ta0;wpf&yfwiG f vTwaf wmf\cGijfh yKcsurf &bJ tpnf;ta0;
wufa&muf&ef &ufaygif; 15 &uf wpfqufwnf; ysuu f u G af Mumif;
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf em,uxHrS taMumif;Mum;csu&f &Sv d Qif jynfoYl
vTwaf wmfu ,if;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,t f m; owfrw S x f m;onfh
enf;vrf;rsm;ESifh tnDta&;,l&rnf/
( c ) (1) trsdK;om;vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;onf trsdK;om;vTwfawmf
tpnf; ta0;wpf&yfwiG f trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf\ cGijfh yKcsurf &bJ
tpnf;ta0;wufa&muf&ef tenf;qH;k &ufaygif; 15 &uf wpfquf
wnf; ysufuGufvQif owfrSwfxm;onfh enf;vrf;rsm;ESihftnD
xdktrsdK;om; vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f\ ae&mvpfvyfonf[k
trsdK;om;vTwfawmfu aMunmEdkifonf/ trsdK;om;vTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0; wufa&muf&ef cGirfh yhJ suu f uG o f nfh &ufaygif; 15 &uf
 87
udk a&wGu&f mü tpnf;ta0; a&TUqdik ;f xm;onfu h mvudk xnfo h iG ;f
a&wGujf cif;rjyK&?
(2) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmftpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&muf&rnfh trsKd ;om;
vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D onf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;
wpf&yfwiG f vTwaf wmf\cGijfh yKcsurf &bJ tpnf;ta0; wufa&muf&ef
&ufaygif; 15 &uf wpfqufwnf; ysuu f u G af Mumif; jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf em,uxHrS taMumif;Mum;csu&f &Sv d Qit f rsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu
,if;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f tm;owfrw S xf m;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;ESifh
tnD ta&;,l&rnf/
9/ (u) jynfov Yl w T af wmfonf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,af e&m tcsKd Uvpfvyfaeap
umrl jynfov Yl wT af wmfvyk if ef;rsm;udk aqmif&u G cf iG &hf odS nf/ xdUk tjyif tcGifh
ta&;r&So d w l pfO;D u jynfov Yl w
T af wmftpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufjcif;?
qE´raJ y;jcif; odUk r[kwf vTwaf wmfvyk if ef; wpf&yf&yfwiG f yg0if aqmif&u G cf jhJcif;
udk aemiftcgwGirf S ppfaq;awGU&Sad pumrl jynfoUl vTwaf wmf\ qH;k jzwf
aqmif&u G cf surf sm;onf ysujf y,fjcif;r&Sad p&?
( c ) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfonf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,af e&m tcsKd Uvpfvyfae
apumrl trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfvyk if ef;rsm;udk aqmif&u G cf iG &hf o
dS nf/ xdt Yk jyif
tcGit fh a&;r&So d l wpfO;D u trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&muf
jcif;? qE´raJ y;jcif; odUk r[kwf vTwaf wmfvyk if ef;wpf&yf&yfwiG f yg0ifaqmif&u G f
cJjh cif;udk aemiftcgwGirf S ppfaq;awGU&Sad pumrl trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf\
qH;k jzwfaqmif&u G cf surf sm;onf ysujf y,fjcif;r&Sad p&/
10/ (u) jynfov Yl w T af wmf\ aqmif&u G cf surf sm;ESifh rSww f rf;rsm;udk trsm;jynfol
od&EdS ikd &f ef xkwjf yef&rnf/ od&Yk mwGif Oya'wpf&yf&yft&jzpfap? jynfoYl
vTwaf wmf\ qH;k jzwfcsut f &jzpfap? wm;jrpfxm;onfh aqmif&u G cf surf sm;
ESirfh w
S w f rf;rsm;udk xkwjf yefjcif;rjyK&?
 88
( c ) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf\aqmif&u G cf surf sm;ESirfh w
S wf rf;rsm;udk trsm;jynfol
od&EdS ikd &f ef xkwjf yef&rnf/ od&Yk mwGiOf ya' wpf&yf&yft&jzpfap? trsKd ;om;
vTwaf wmf\ qH;k jzwfcsut f &jzpfap wm;jrpfxm;onfh aqmif&u G cf surf sm;ESifh
rSwwf rf;rsm;udk xkwjf yefjcif;rjyK&/
11/ (u) ]]jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;}} wGiaf zmfjyaom udp&ö yfrsm;teuf jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfwiG o f m Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f qH;k jzwf&rnf[k þzGpYJ nf;yHt k ajccH
Oya'ü jy|mef;xm;onfh udp&ö yfrsm;rSty useu f pd &ö yfrsm;udk owfrw S xf m;
onfh enf;vrf;rsm;ESifhtnD jynfolYvTwfawmfwGif Oya'Murf;pwif
wifoiG ;f cGi&fh o dS nf?
( c ) ]]jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyKpm&if;}} wGiaf zmfjyaom udp&ö yfrsm;teuf jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfwiG o f m Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f qH;k jzwf&rnf[k þzGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccH
Oya'ü jy|mef;xm;onfh udp&ö yfrsm;rSty useu f pd &ö yfrsm;udk owfrw S f
xm;onfh enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfwiG f Oya'Murf;pwif
wifoiG ;f cGi&fh o dS nf/
12/ (u) (1) jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh Oya't&jyKonfh enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya' wpf&yf&yfukd xkwjf yefNy;D onfh
tcg oufqdkif&mtzGJUtpnf;onf rdrdxkwfjyefonhf enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'udk teD;uyfq;kH usi;f yaom
jynfov Yl w T af wmf yHrk eS t
f pnf;ta0;umvwGif vTwaf wmfOuú|u
cGijfh yKonhf tpDtpOfjzihf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;xH jzefaY 0wifjy
&rnf?
(2) enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya' wpf&yf&yfonf
oufqikd &f mOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESifh nDñw G rf I r&Sad Mumif;awGU&Syd gu
,if;enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'udk y,fzsu&f ef
odrYk [kwf jyifqifap&ef enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;
 89
Oya' jzefaY 0wifjyaomaeY&ufrS &ufaygif; 90 twGi;f vTwaf wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;u jynfov Yl w T af wmfwiG f tqdw k ifoiG ;f Edik o f nf?
(3) enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya' wpf&yf&yfukd
y,fzsu&f ef odrYk [kwf jyifqifap&ef qH;k jzwf&mwGif jynfov Yl w T af wmf
ESifh trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfwYkd oabmuGv J yJG gu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf
odYk wifjy&rnf/
(c) (1) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu jy|mef;onfh Oya't&jyKonhf enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsOf;Oya' odkYr[kwf pnf;urf;Oya' wpf&yf&yfudk xkwfjyef
Ny;D onft h cg oufqikd &f mtzGt YJ pnf;onf rdrx d wk jf yefonfh enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf; Oya'udk teD;uyfq;kH usi;f yaom
trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf yHrk eS t f pnf;ta0;umvwGif vTwaf wmfOuú|u
cGijfh yKonft h pDtpOfjzihf vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;xH jzefaY 0wifjy&
rnf?
(2) enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya' wpf&yf&yfonf
oufqikd &f mOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf nDñw G rf rI &Sad Mumif; awG&Y ydS gu
,if;enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'udk y,fzsu&f ef
odkYr[kwf jyifqifap&ef enf;Oya'? pnf;rsOf;Oya' odkYr[kwf
pnf;urf;Oya' jzefaY 0wifjyaom aeY&ufr&S ufaygif; 90 twGi;f
vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;u trsdK;om;vTwfawmfwGif tqdk
wifoiG ;f Edik o f nf?
(3) enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'wpf&yf&yfukd
y,fzsu&f ef odrYk [kwf jyifqifap&efq;kH jzwf&mwGif trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf
ESijfh ynfov Yl w T af wmfwYkd oabmuGv J yJG gu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYkd
wifjy&rnf/
13/ (u) (1) þzGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't& zGpYJ nf;onfjh ynfaxmifpt k qifh tzGYJ tpnf;
wpf&yf&yfuwifoiG ;f aom Oya'Murf;rsm;udk jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmf
 90
u owf r S w f x m;onf h enf ; vrf ; rsm;ES i h f t nD ay;yd k Y v mvQif
jynfolYvTwfawmfwGif pwifwifoGif;aom Oya'Murf;[krSwf,lí
jynfov Yl wT af wmfü aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwf&rnf?
(2) jynfov Yl w T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf ]]jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyK pm&if;}}
wGif yg&Sad omudp&ö yfrsm;teuf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfüom Oya'Murf;
wifoiG ;f qH;k jzwf&rnf[k þzGpYJ nf;yHt k ajccHOya'ü owfrw S jf y|mef;
xm;onhf udp&ö yfrsm;rSty useu f pd &ö yfrsm;ESifh pyfvsO;f aom Oya'Murf;
rsm;udk Oya'ESit fh nD jynfov Yl w T af wmfoYkd pwifwifoiG ;f cGi&fh o dS nf/
,if;Oya'Murf;rsm;udk owfrw S x f m;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD jynfoYl
vTwaf wmfü aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwf&rnf?
(3) jynfolYvTwfawmfutwnfjyKonhf Oya'Murf;rsm;udk qufvuf
aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwfEikd &f ef trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfoYkd ay;yd&Yk rnf/
(c) (1) þzGpYJ nf;yHt k ajccHOya't& zGUJ pnf;onhf jynfaxmifpt k qihf tzGUJ
tpnf; wpf&yf&yfuwifoiG ;f aomOya'Murf;rsm;udk jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfuowfrw S x f m;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD ay;ydv Yk mvQif
trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfwiG f pwifwifoiG ;f aomOya'Murf;[krw S , f í
l
trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfü aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwf&rnf?
(2) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf ]] jynfaxmifpOk ya'jyK
pm&if;}} wGif yg&Sad omudp&ö yfrsm;teuf jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfüom
Oya'Murf; wifoGif;qHk;jzwf&rnf[k þzGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya'ü
owfrw S f jy|mef;xm;onhf udp&ö yfrsm;rSty useu f pd &ö yfrsm;ESifh pyfvsO;f
aom Oya'Murf;rsm;udk Oya'ESit fh nD trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfoYkd pwif
wifoiG ;f cGifh &Sod nf/ ,if;Oya'Murf;rsm;udk owfrw S x f m;onhf enf;vrf;
rsm;ESitfh nD trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfü aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwf&rnf/
(3) trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfu twnfjyKonfh Oya'Murf;rsm;udk qufvuf
aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwfEikd &f ef jynfov Yl w T af wmfoYkd ay;yd&Yk rnf/
 91
14/ (u) (1) jynfov Yl wT af wmfonf trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfu ay;ydaYk om Oya'Murf;
wpf&yfukd vufc&H &So d nhtf cg trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfuqH;k jzwfonfh
twdik ;f oabmwlaMumif; odrYk [kwf oabmrwlaMumif; odrYk [kwf
jyifqifcsurf sm;jzifh oabmwlaMumif; qH;k jzwfEikd o f nf/ xdk Oya'Murf;
udk jynfov Yl wT af wmf\ qH;k jzwfcsuEf iS t
hf wl trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfoYkd
jyefvnfay;yd&Yk rnf?
(2) jynfov Yl w T af wmfu ay;ydcYk ohJ nhf Oya'Murf;udk trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfu
jyifqifcsufrsm;jzifh jyefvnfay;ydkYvmvQif jynfolYvTwfawmfonf
trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf\ jyifqifcsuu f kd vufcyH gu ,if;Oya'Murf;udk
jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmf em,uxH ay;yd&Yk rnf?
(3) jynfov Yl w
T af wmfonf trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfoYkd ay;ydcYk ahJ om Oya'Murf;
wpf&yfESifhpyfvsOf;í trsdK;om;vTwfawmfESihf oabmuJGvJGvQif
jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf\ tqH;k tjzwf &,l&rnf/
( c ) (1) trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfonf jynfov Yl w T af wmfuay;ydUk aom Oya'Murf;
wpf&yfukd vufc&H &So d nht
f cg jynfov Yl w
T af wmfuqH;k jzwfonht f wdik ;f
oabmwlaMumif; odrYk [kwf oabmrwlaMumif; odrYk [kwf jyifqifcsuf
rsm;jzifh oabmwlaMumif; qH;k jzwfEikd o f nf/ xkOd ya'Murf;udk trsKd ;om;
vTwfawmf\ qHk;jzwfcsufESifhtwl jynfolYvTwfawmfodkY jyefvnf
ay;yd&Yk rnf?
(2) trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfu ay;ydcYk o hJ nhf Oya'Murf;udk jynfov Yl w
T af wmfu
jyifqifcsurf sm;jzifh jyefvnfay;ydv Yk mvQif trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfonf
jynfolYvTwfawmf\jyifqifcsufudk vufcHygu ,if;Oya'Murf;udk
jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf em,uxH ay;yd&Yk rnf?
 92
(3) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfonf jynfov Yl w
T af wmfoYkd ay;ydcYk ahJ om Oya'Murf;
wpf&yfEiS pfh yfvsO;f í jynfov Yl w T af wmfEiS fh oabmuJv G v GJ Qif jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf\ tqH;k tjzwf&,l&rnf/
15/ (u) þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't&zJUG pnf;onhf jynfaxmifpt k qifh tzJUG tpnf;
wpf&yf&yfukd ud, k pf m;jyKaomtzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm;onf -
(1) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|\ cGijhf yKcsujf zifh jynfov Yl w T af wmf tpnf;
ta0;odYk wufa&mufonht f cg rdrt d zJUG tpnf;ESifh oufqikd af om
Oya'Murf;rsm;okdYr[kwf udpö&yfrsm;ESihfpyfvsOf;í &Sif;vif;ajymqkd
aqG;aEG;cGi&hf o Sd nf?
(2) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfaumfrwDrsm;? aumfr&Sirf sm;ESit fh zJUG rsm;\ tpnf;
ta0;rsm;odYk ,if;aumfrwD? aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf tzJUG tBu;D tuJ\
cGijhf yKcsujf zihf wufa&mufonht f cg rdrt d zJUG tpnf;ESifh oufqikd af om
Oya'Murf;rsm; okrYd [kwf udp&ö yfrsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í &Si;f vif;ajymqdk
aqG;aEG;cGi&hf o dS nf/
( c ) þzJUG pnf;yHk tajccHOya't& zJUG pnf;onhf jynfaxmifpt k qifh tzJUG tpnf;
wpf&yf&yfukd ud, k pf m;jyKaom tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm;onf -
(1) trsdK;om;vTwfawmfOuú|\cGifhjyKcsufjzifh trsdK;om;vTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufonht f cg rdrt d zJUG tpnf;ESifh oufqikd af om
Oya'Murf;rsm; okrYd [kwf udp&ö yfrsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í &Si;f vif;ajymqdk
aqG;aEG;cGi&hf o dS nf?
(2) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfaumfrwDrsm;? aumfr&Sirf sm;ESit fh zJUG rsm;\ tpnf;
ta0;rsm;odYk ,if;aumfrwD? aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf tzJUG tBu;D tuJ\
cGijfh yKcsujf zihf wufa&mufonft h cg rdrd tzJUG tpnf;ESifh oufqikd af om
Oya'Murf;rsm; odrYk [kwf udp&ö yfrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í &Si;f vif;ajymqdk
aqG;aEG;cGi&hf o dS nf/
 93
16/ (u) jynfovYl w T af wmfOuú|onf -
(1) jynfov Yl w
T af wmftpnf;ta0;rsm;udk Bu;D MuyfuyG u f &J rnf?
(2) jynfolYvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;odkY wufa&mufí rdefYcGef;ajymMum;
vdak Mumif; Edik if aH wmfor®wu taMumif;Mum;vQif Edik if aH wmfor®wtm;
zdwMf um;&rnf?
(3) jynfoUl vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;ü aqG;aEG;aqmif&u G q f J taMumif; t&m
wpf&yf&yfEiS pfh yfvsO;f í vdt k yfvQif þzJUG pnf;yHk tajccHOya't&
zJUG pnf;onhf jynfaxmifpt k qifth zJUG tpnf;wpf&yf&yfukd ud,k pf m;jyK
aomtzJGYtpnf;0ifrsm; odkYr[kwf yk*d¾Kvfrsm;udk jynfolYvTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&muf &Si;f vif;wifjyap&ef zdwMf um;cGi&hf o dS nf?
(4) þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't&aomfvnf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yft&
aomfvnf;aumif; owfrw S xf m;onhf tjcm;wm0efEiS fh vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;
aqmif&u G &f rnf/
( c ) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfOuú|onf -
(1) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;rsm;udk Bu;D MuyfuyG u f &J rnf?
(2) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufí rdecYf eG ;f ajymMum;
vdak Mumif; Edik if aH wmfor®wu taMumif;Mum;vQif Edik if aH wmfor®w
tm; zdwMf um;&rnf?
(3) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;ü aqG;aEG;aqmif&u G qf J taMumif;
t&mwpf&yf&yfEiS hf pyfvsO;f ívkt d yfvQif þzJUG pnf;yHt
k ajccH Oya't&
zJUG pnf;onhf jynfaxmifpt k qihf tzJUG tpnf;wpf&yf&yfukd ud, k pf m;
jyKaom tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf yk*K¾d vrf sm;udk trsK;d om; vTwaf wmf
tpnf;ta0;odw Yk ufa&muf &Si;f vif;wifjyap&ef zdwMf um;cGi&hf odS nf?
 94
(4) þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't& aomfvnf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yft&
aomfvnf;aumif; owfrw S x
f m;onht f jcm;wm0efEiS fh vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;
aqmif&u G &f rnf/
17/ (u) (1) jynfolYvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;onf þzJGUpnf;yHktajccHOya'
ygjy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv fh nf;aumif;? jynfov Yl wT af wmfqikd &f mOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv fh nf;aumif; rqefu Y sivf Qif jynfov Yl w T af wmfEiS fh
jynfolYvTwfawmfaumfrwDwdkYwGif vGwfvyfpGmajymqdkcGifhESihf qE´rJ
ay;cG i f h & S d o nf / xk d o d k Y jynf o l Y v T w f a wmfESihf jynfolYvTwfawmf
aumfrwDrsm;wGif wifjyaqG;aEG;jcif;? aqmif&u G jf cif;wdEYk iS fh pyfvsO;f í
jynfolYvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;udk jynfolYvTwfawmfqdkif&m
Oya'rSty tjcm;Oya't& ta&;,ljcif;rjyK&?
(2) jynfov Yl w
T af wmf tpnf;ta0;odjYk zpfap? jynfov Yl w
T af wmf aumfrwD
wpf&yf&yf\ tpnf;ta0;odjYk zpfap wufa&muf&ef cGijhf yKjcif; odrYk [kwf
zdwfMum;jcif;cH&aom þzJGUpnf;yHktajccHOya't& zJGUpnf;onhf
jynfaxmifpktqihf tzJGUtpnf;wpf&yf&yfudk udk,fpm;jyKaom
tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf yk*K¾d vrf sm;onf þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiafh omfvnf;aumif;? jynfov Yl wT af wmfqikd &f m Oya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESifh aomfvnf;aumif; rqefu Y siv f Qif jynfov Yl w
T af wmf
okrYd [kwf jynfov Yl w T af wmf aumfrwDrsm;wGif vGwv f yfpmG ajymqdck iG hf
&So
d nf/ jynfov Yl wT af wmf okrYd [kwf jynfov Yl w T af wmf aumfrwDrsm;wGif
wifjy ajymqdrk rI sm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í ,if;tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf
yk*K¾d vrf sm;tm; jynfov Yl w
T af wmfqikd &f m Oya'rSty tjcm;Oya't&
ta&;,ljcif; rjyK&?
 95
(3) txuftyk'd cf iJG ,f (1) ESihf (2) wGiyf g&Sad om yk*K¾d vrf sm;onf txufyg
tcGit fh a&;rsm;ukd usio hf ;Hk Mu&mwGif uk, d xf vd ufa&mufusL;vGerf rI sm;
&Scd yhJ gu ,if;wko Yd nf jynfoUl vTwaf wmf\ pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;? vkyx f ;Hk
vkyef nf;rsm;t& vnf;aumif;? wnfqOJ ya'rsm;t& vnf;aumif;
ta&;,ljcif;cH&rnf/
( c ) (1) trsdK;om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccH Oya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESifh vnf;aumif;? trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfqikd &f m Oya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv fh nf;aumif;? rqefu Y sivf Qif trsKd;om; vTwaf wmfEiS fh
trsKd;om;vTwaf wmf aumfrwDww Ykd iG f vGwv f yfpmG ajymqdck iG Efh iS hf qE´rJ
ay;cGi&fh o dS nf/ xdo k Ykd trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfEiS fh trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf
aumfrwDrsm;wGif wifjyaqG;aEG;jcif;? aqmif&u G jf cif;wdEYk iS fh pyfvsO;f í
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f wpfO;D udk trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfqikd &f m
Oya'rSty tjcm;Oya't& ta&;,ljcif;rjyK&?
(2) trsKd;om;vTwfawmftpnf;ta0;odkYjzpfap? trsKd ;om;vTwfawmf
aumfrwD wpf&yf&yf\ tpnf;ta0;odjYk zpfap wufa&muf&ef cGijhf yKjcif;
odrYk [kwf zdwMf um;jcif;cH&aom þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't& zJUG pnf;
onhf jynfaxmifpt k qihf tzJUG tpnf;wpf&yf&yfukd ud, k pf m;jyKaom
tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf yk*K¾dvrf sm;onf þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiafh omfvnf;aumif;? trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfqikd &f m Oya'yg
jy|mef;csufrsm;ESihfaomfvnf;aumif; rqefYusifvQif trsdK;om;
vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf trsKd;om;vTwaf wmf aumfrwDrsm;wGif vGwv f yfpmG
ajymqdck iG &hf o
dS nf/ trsKd;om;vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf trsKd;om;vTwaf wmf
aumfrwDrsm;wGif wifjyajymqdrk rI sm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í ,if;tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm;
odrYk [kwf yk*K¾d vrf sm;tm; trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfqikd &f m Oya'rSty tjcm;
Oya't& ta&;,ljcif;rjyK&?
 96
(3) txuftyk'd cf iJG ,f (1) ESihf (2) wGiyf g&Sad om yk*K¾d vrf sm;onf txufyg
tcGit fh a&;rsm;ukd usio hf ;Hk Mu&mwGif uk,
d x f vd ufa&muf usL;vGerf rI sm;
&Scd yhJ gu ,if;wko Yd nf trsdK;om;vTwaf wmf\ pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;? vkyx f ;Hk
vkyef nf;rsm;t&vnf;aumif;? wnfqOJ ya'rsm;t& vnf;aumif;
ta&;,ljcif;cH&rnf/
18/ (u) (1) jynfov Yl w T af wmf tpnf;ta0; wufa&mufaeaom jynfov Yl w
T af wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D udjk zpfap? vTwaf wmfOuú|\ cGijhf yKcsuf odrYk [kwf
zdwMf um;csut f & ,if;tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufaeaom yk*K¾d vf
wpfO;D udk jzpfap zrf;qD;&ef vdt k yfygu cdik vf akH omtaxmuftxm;udk
jynfov Yl wT af wmf Ouú|xH wifjy&rnf/ jynfov Yl w
T af wmfOuú|\
BuKd wifciG jfh y Kcsurf &&Sb d J zrf;qD;jcif;rjyK&?
(2) jynfolYvTwfawmfaumfrwDwpf&yf&yf\ tpnf;ta0;wGifaomf
vnf;aumif;? jynfov Yl w
T af wmfuzJUG pnf;aomaumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf
tzJGUwpfckck\ tpnf;ta0;wGifaomfvnf;aumif; tpnf;ta0;
wufa&mufaeonhf ,if;aumfrwD? aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf tzJUG \tzJUG 0if
wpfO;D tm; zrf;qD;&efvt kd yfygu cdik v
f akH om taxmuftxm;udk
oufqikd &f maumfrwD? aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf tzJUG \tBu;D tuJrw S pfqifh
jynfov Yl w T af wmfOuú|xH wifjy&rnf/ jynfov Yl w T af wmf Ouú|\
BuKd wifciG jhf yKcsurf &&Sb d J zrf;qD;jcif;rjyK&?
(3) jynfolYvTwfawmf odkYr[kwf jynfolYvTwfawmfaumfrwD odkYr[kwf
jynfolYvTwfawmfu zJGUpnf;aomaumfr&SifESihf tzJGUtpnf;ta0;
usif;ycsdefr[kwfvQif jynfolYvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;tm;
zrf;qD;ygu xdo k zYkd rf;qD;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f onfh cdik v
f akH omtaxmuf
txm;udk jynfov Yl wT af wmfOuú|xH aqmvsipf mG wifjy&rnf/
 97
( c ) (1) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0; wufa&mufaeaom trsKd ;om;
vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D udjk zpfap? vTwaf wmfOuú|\ cGijhf yKcsuf
odrYk [kwf zdwMf um;csut f & ,if;tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufaeaom
yk*d¾KvfwpfOD;udkjzpfap zrf;qD;&efvdktyfygu cdkifvHkaomtaxmuf
txm;udk trsdK;om;vTwfawmfOuú|xH wifjy&rnf/ trsdK;om;
vTwaf wmfOuú|\ BudKwifciG jhf yKcsurf &&Sb d J zrf;qD;jcif;rjyK&?
(2) trsdK;om;vTwfawmfaumfrwDwpf&yf&yf\ tpnf;ta0;wGifaomf
vnf;aumif;? trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfuzJUG pnf;aom aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf
tzJGUwpfckck\ tpnf;ta0;wGifaomfvnf;aumif; tpnf;ta0;
wufa&mufaeonhf ,if;aumfrwD? aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf tzJUG \tzJUG 0if
wpfO;D tm; zrf;qD;&efvt kd yfygu cdik v f akH om taxmuftxm;udk
oufqikd &f maumfrwD? aumfr&Sif odrYk [kwf tzJUG \tBu;D tuJrS wpfqifh
trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfOuú|xH wifjy&rnf/ trsK;d om; vTwaf wmfOuú|\
BuKd wifciG jhf yKcsurf &&Sb d J zrf;qD;jcif;rjyK&?
(3) trsKd;om;vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfaumfrwD odrYk [kwf
trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfu zJUG pnf;aomaumfr&SiEf iS fh tzJUG tpnf;ta0;
usi;f ycsed f r[kwv f Qif trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D tm;
zrf;qD;ygu xdo k zYdk rf;qD;jcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f onhf cdik v f akH om taxmuf
txm;udk trsKd;om;vTwaf wmfOuú|xH aqmvsipf mG wifjy&rnf/
19/ (u) jynfov Yl w T af wmfu aomfvnf;aumif;? ,if;vTwaf wmf\ tcGit hf mPmt&
aomfvnf;aumif; jzefcY sx d wk af 0onhf tpD&ifcpH mrsm;? pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;?
vTwaf wmfrw S wf rf;rsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í w&m;pJq G ykd ikd cf iG hf r&Sad p&?
( c ) trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfu aomfvnf;aumif;? ,if;vTwaf wmf\ tcGit fh mPm
t& aomfvnf;aumif; jzefcY sx d w k af 0onht f pD&ifcpH mrsm;? pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;?
vTwaf wmfrw S wf rf;rsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í w&m;pJq G ykd ikd cf iG fh r&Sad p&/
 98
wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw
T af wmf
1/ (u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf oufwrf;pwifonfh aeY&uf
onf jynfoUl vTwaf wmfoufwrf; pwifonfah eY&ufjzpfonf?
( c ) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ yxrtBurd yf rHk eS f tpnf;
ta0;ukd ,if;vTwaf wmf\oufwrf; pwifonfah eYrS (15) &uftwGi;f
usi;f y&rnf/
2/ (u) þzJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'tmPmwnfNy;D aemuf yxrtBurd f wkid ;f a'oBu;D
odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf ykHrSeftpnf;ta0;ukd EkdifiHawmfat;csrf;
om,ma&;ESizhf UHG NzKd ;a&;aumifpu D ac:,lusi;f y&rnf?
( c ) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ aemifoufwrf;rsm;twGuf
yxrtBurd f ykrH eS t
f pnf;ta0;rsm;ukd þzJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuEf iS hf
tnD wm0efqufvufxrf;aqmifvsu&f adS om wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|u ac:,lusi;f y&rnf/
3/ (u) yxrtBurd u f si;f yaom wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ykrH eS f
tpnf;ta0;wGif wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf uk,
d pf m;vS,f
rsm;onf wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf obmywda&SUarSmufü
uwdopömjyK&rnf?
( c ) uwdopömrjyK&ao;aom wkdif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf
ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;onf pwifwufa&mufaom wkdif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0;wGif vTwaf wmfOuú| a&SUarSmufü uwdopöm
jyK&rnf/
4/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ykrH eS t
f pnf;ta0;ukd wkid ;f a'oBu;D
odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfOuú|u wpfESpfvQiftenf;qkH; wpfBudrfac:,l
usi;f y&rnf/ ykrH eS t f pnf;ta0; wpfBurd Ef iS hf wpfBurd t f Mum; t&SnMf umqk;H
umvonf (12) v xufrykad p&/
 99
5/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmftpnf;ta0;ü atmufyg udp&ö yfrsm;
aqmif&u G o f nf
(u) Edik if aH wmfor®wajymMum;onhf rdecYf eG ;f udk rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
( c ) Edik if aH wmfor®wu ay;ydaYk omo0PfvmT ESifh Ouú|ucGijfh yKaom tjcm;
o0PfvmT rsm;udk zwfMum;jcif;? rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
( * ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf ajymMum;onhf rdecYf eG ;f udk
rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(C) Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
( i ) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t&vnf;aumif;? wnfqOJ ya'
wpf&yf&yfyg jy|mef;csurf sm;t&vnf;aumif;? wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfu aqmif&u G &f rnhf udp&ö yfrsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í aqG;aEG;
jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
( p ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f onhf tpD&ifcpH m
rsm;udk aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;? rSww f rf;wifjcif;?
(q) tqdw k ifoiG ;f jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qk;H jzwfjcif;?
( Z ) ar;cGe;f ar;jref;jcif;? ajzMum;jcif;?
(ps) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|u cGijfhyKonhu f pd &ö yfrsm;ESifh
pyfvsO;f í aqmif&u G jf cif;/
6/ (u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf txl;tpnf;ta0;udk jzpfap?
ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;udkjzpfap usif;y&efvdktyfvQif oufqdkif&m
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|u ac:,lusi;f yEdik o f nf?
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0;udk ac:,lusi;f y
ay;&ef wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyu f taMumif;Mum;vQif
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf Ouú|onf vTwaf wmf txl;
 100
tpnf;ta0;udk jzpfap? ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;udjk zpfap tjrefq;Hk ac:,l
usi;f y&rnf?
( * ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0;udk ac:,lusi;f y
ay;&ef wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;
OD;a&teuf tenf;qk;H av;ykw H pfyu Hk awmif;qdv k Qif wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|u txl;tpnf;ta0;udk tjrefq;Hk ac:,l usi;f y
&rnf/
7/ (u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0;wpf&yf\ yxr
aeYwGif wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;odkY
wufa&mufciG &fh o dS nhf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a&\ xuf0ufausmf
OD;a& wufa&mufvQif ,if;tpnf;ta0; txajrmufonf/ tu,fí tx
rajrmufygu tpnf;ta0;ukd a&TUqkid ;f usi;f y&rnf?
( c ) tyk'd cf JG (u) t& tpnf;ta0; txrajrmufonft h wGuf a&TUqdik ;f usi;f y
aom tpnf;ta0;rsm;ESifh tpnf;ta0; txajrmufNy;D aemuf qufvuf
usi;f yaom tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f vTwaf wmf
tpnf;ta0;udk wufa&mufciG &hf o dS nhf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;
OD;a&teuf tenf;qk;H ok;H ykw H pfyHk wufa&mufvQif ,if;tpnf;ta0;rsm;
txajrmufonf/
8/ (u) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfwGif tqkH;tjzwfjyK&rnhf
taMumif;t&m wpf&yfEiS pfh yfvsO;f í rJcq JG ;Hk jzwf&mü þzGUJ pnf;ykH tajccH
Oya'wGif tjcm;enf; jy|mef;xm;jcif;r&Sv d Qif tpnf;ta0;odw Yk ufa&muf
í qE´raJ y;onhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,f
rsm;\ rsm;&mqE´rjJ zihf qk;H jzwf&rnf?
 101
( c ) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif rJcGJ
qk;H jzwfonhf udprö sm;ü wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf Ouú|
odrYk [kwf Ouú|wm0ef xrf;aqmifaeonhf 'kw, d Ouú|onf qE´rrJ ay;&?
axmufcq H E´rEJ iS fh uefuY u
G q f E´rJ ta&twGucf si;f wlnaD eonhf udp&ö yf
wGio f m ]tEdik rf }J ay;&rnf/
9/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu, kd pf m;vS,w f pfO;D onf wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0;wpf&yfwiG f wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ cGijfh yKcsurf &bJ tpnf;ta0; wufa&muf&ef tenf;qk;H
&ufaygif; 15 &uf wpfqufwnf; ysuu f uG v
f Qif owfrw S xf m;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;
ESihftnD xdkwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,f\
ae&mvpfvyfonf[k wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f vTwaf wmfu aMunm
Ed k i f o nf / wd k i f ; a'oBuD ; od k Y r [k w f jynf e ,f v T w f a wmf tpnf ; ta0;
wufa&muf&ef cGirfh yhJ suu f uG o
f nfh &ufaygif; 15 &ufukd a&wGu&f mü tpnf;ta0;
a&TUqdik ;f xm;onhu f mvudk xnho f iG ;f a&wGujf cif; rjyK&/
10/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfonf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f ae&m
tcsKd U vpfvyfaeapumrl wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf vkyif ef;rsm;udk
aqmif&u G cf iG &fh o
dS nf/ xdjYk yif tcGit fh a&;r&So d w l pfO;D u wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufcjhJ cif;? qE´raJ y;cJjh cif; odrYk [kwf
vTwaf wmfvyk if ef;wpf&yf&yfwiG f yg0ifaqmif&u G cf jhJ cif;ukd aemiftcgwGirf S ppfaq;
awGU&Sad pumrl wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ qk;H jzwfaqmif&u G f
csurf sm;onf ysujf y,fjcif;r&Sad p&/
11/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ aqmif&u G cf surf sm;ESifh rSww f rf;rsm;udk
trsm;jynfoo l &d EdS ikd &f ef xkwjf yef&rnf/ od&Yk mwGif Oya'wpf&yf&yft& jzpfap?
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ qH;k jzwfcsut f &jzpfap wm;jrpf
xm;onhf aqmif&u G cf surf sm;ESifh rSww f rf;rsm;udk xkwjf yefjcif;rjyK&/
 102
12/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfonf ]]wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;}} wGif azmfjyaom udp&ö yfrsm;ESifh pyfvsO;f í wdik ;f a'o
Bu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f wpf0ef;vH;k twGuaf omfvnf;aumif;? wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odkYr[kwf jynfe,f wpfpdwfwpfa'otwGufaomfvnf;aumif; tmPm
oufa&mufap&ef Oya'jyKciG &hf o dS nf/
13/ (u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfonfOya'wpf&yfjy|mef;onfh
tcg-
(1) þzJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya't&zJUG pnf;onfh wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,ftqifh tzJUG tpnf;wpf&yf&yftm; ,if;Oya'ESihf oufqidk f
onfh enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya'ESih f pnf;urf;Oya'rsm; xkwjf yefciG u hf dk
tyfEiS ;f Ekid of nf?
(2) oufqidk &f mtzJUG tpnf; odrYk [kwf tmPmykid t f m; ,if;Oya'ESihf
oufqidk o f nfh trdeUf aMumfjimpm? trde?Yf ñTeMf um;csuEf iS hf vkyx f ;Hk
vkyef nf;rsm;xkwjf yefciG u hf dk tyfEiS ;f Ekid of nf/
( c ) Oya'wpf&yfu tyfEiS ;f onfv h yk yf idk cf iG thf & jyKvyk af om enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f
Oya'? pnf;urf;Oya'? trdeaYf Mumfjimpm? trde?Yf ñTeMf um;csuEf iS hf vkyx f ;Hk
vkyef nf;rsm;onf þzJUG pnf;ykH tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf vnf;aumif;?
oufqidk &f mOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv hf nf;aumif; nDñw G rf &I &dS rnf?
( * ) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh Oya't& jyKonfh
enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'wpf&yf&yfudk xkwjf yef
Ny;D onft h cg oufqidk &f m tzJUG tpnf;onf rdrx d wk jf yefonfh enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsOf;Oya' okdYr[kwf pnf;urf;Oya'ukd teD;uyfqkH;usif;yaom
wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfyrHk eS f tpnf;ta0;umvwGif
vTwaf wmfOuú|u cGijfh yKonft h pDtpOfjzifh vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;xH
jzefaY 0wifjy&rnf?
 103
(C) enf;Oya'? pnf;rsOf;Oya' odkYr[kwf pnf;urf;Oya'wpf&yf&yfonf
oufqidk &f m Oya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf nDñw G rf rI &Sad Mumif; awGU&Syd gu
,if;enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' odrYk [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'ukd y,fzsu&f ef
okrYd [kwf jyifqifap&ef enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' okrYd [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'
jzefaY 0wifjyaom aeY&ufrS &ufaygif; (90) twGi;f vTwaf wmf uk, d pf m;vS,f
rsm;u wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfwiG f tqkw d ifoiG ;f Edik of nf?
( i ) enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f Oya' okrYd [kwf pnf;urf;Oya'wpf&yf&yfudk y,fzsu&f ef
okrYd [kwf jyifqifap&ef wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f vTwaf wmfu
qk;H jzwfygu xko d yYdk ,fzsujf cif; odrYk [kwf jyifqifapjcif;rjyKrD enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsO;f Oya' okrYd [kwf pnf;urf;Oya't& aqmif&u G cf NhJ y;D aom trIupd ö
rsm;ukd xdcu dk jf cif;r&Sad p&/
14/ (u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ tqH;k tjzwf&,lrnhf udp&ö yfrsm;?
oabmwlncD su&f ,lrnhu f pd &ö yfrsm;? twnfjyKcsu, f rl nfh udp&ö yfrsm;udk
atmufygtwdik ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(1) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmftpnf;ta0; usi;f yqJ
umvjzpfvQif ,if;tpnf;ta0;ü aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwf&rnf?
(2) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jy nfe,fvw T af wmftpnf;ta0; usi;f yqJ
umvr[kwv f Qif teD;uyfq;kH wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;ü aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwf&rnf?
(3) trsm;jynfot l usKd ;iSm tvsit f jrefaqmif&u G &f rnfh udp&ö yfrsm;udk
txl;tpnf;ta0; odrYk [kwf ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;ac:,l usi;f yí
aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwf&rnf/
 104
15/ (u) þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't& zJUG pnf;onhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
tqifh tzJUG tpnf;rsm;onf ]]wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fOya'jyK
pm&if;}} wGif yg&Sad om udp&ö yfrsm;teuf rdrw d pYkd rD cH efcY o GJ nfh udp&ö yfrsm;ESifh
pyfvsO;f aom Oya'Murf;rsm;udk owfrw S x f m;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f cGi&hf o dS nf?
( c ) wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwf jynfe,ftpdk;&tzJGUuom wifoGif;cGihf&Sdaom
wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fa'oEÅ&pDrHudef;? ESpfpOft& toHk;
cefrY eS ;f ajcaiGpm&if;ESihf tcGet f aumufqikd &f m Oya'Murf;rsm;udk owfrw S f
xm;onfh enf;vrf;rsm;ESihftnD wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f &rnf/
16/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf ]]wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;}} wGiyf g&Sad om udp&ö yfrsm;teuf wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpd;k &tzJUG uom Oya'Murf;wifoiG ;f &rnf[k þzJUG pnf;yHk
tajccHOya'ü owfrw S jf y|mef;xm;onfh udp&ö yfrsm;rSty useu f pd &ö yfrsm;ESihf
pyfvsOf;aom Oya'Murf;rsm;udk owfrSwfxm;onfh enf;vrf;rsm;ESihftnD
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f cGi&hf o dS nf/
17/ wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfonf wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf
jynfe,ftpd;k &u ]]wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f\ &aiGo;kH aiGvsmxm;csu}f }
udk owfrw S x f m;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD wifoiG ;f vmvQif tqk;H tjzwfay;
&rnf/
18/ (u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf -
(1) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu twnfjyKaom
Oya' Murf;rsm;udk vufc&H &So d nfah eY\ aemufwpfaeYrS ckepf&uf
twGi;f vufrw S af &;xd;k í Oya'tjzpf xkwjf yefaMunm&rnf?
 105
(2) ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;
tzJUG u twnfjyKaom Oya'Murf;rsm;udk vufc&H &So d nfah eY\
aemufwpfaeYrS 14 &uftwGi;f vufrw S af &;xd;k í Oya'tjzpf
xkwjf yefaMunm&rnf/
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyu f vufrw S af &;xd;k í Oya'tjzpf
xkwfjyefaMunm&ef owfrSwfxm;onhf umvtwGif; Oya'Murf;udk
0efBu;D csKyu f vufrw S af &;xd;k í Oya'tjzpf xkwjf yefaMunmjcif;rjyKvQif
owfrw S u f mv jynfah jrmufonfh aeY&ufwiG f Oya'Murf;onf 0efBu;D csKy\ f
vufrw S af &;xd;k csuu f kd &&SNd y;D ouJo h Ykd Oya'jzpfvm&rnf?
(*) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfu vufrSwfa&;xdk;NyD;aom
Oya'rsm;ESihf wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyf\ vufrSwf
a&;xd;k csuu f &kd &SNd y;D ouJo h Ykd rSw, f &l rnfjzpfaom Oya'rsm;udk Edik if aH wmf
jyefwrf;wGif xkwjf yefaMunm&rnf/ xkOd ya'wGif oD;jcm;azmfjycsurf ygvQif
xkwjf yefaMunmonfah eYrpS í tmPmwnf&rnf/
19/ (u) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya't& zGUJ pnf;onhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
tqihf tzGUJ tpnf;wpf&yf&yfukd ud, k pf m;jyKaom tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm;teuf
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,jf zpfaom tzGUJ tpnf;
0ifrsm;onf vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif rdrt d zGUJ tpnf;ESifh oufqikd af om
Oya'Murf;rsm; odrYk [kwf udp&ö yfrsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í &Si;f vif;ajymqdk aqG;aEG;
cGiEfh iS fh qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &fh o dS nf?
(c) þzGUJ pnf;ykH tajccHOya't& zGUJ pnf;onhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
tqihf tzGUJ tpnf; wpf&yf&yfukd ud, k pf m;jyKaom tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm;teuf
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,f r[kwaf om
tzGJUtpnf;0ifrsm;onf vTwfawmfOuú|\ cGihfjyKcsufjzihf vTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufonht f cg rdrt d zGUJ tpnf;ESifh oufqikd af om
 106
Oya'Murf;rsm; odrYk [kwf udp&ö yfrsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í &Si;f vif;ajymqdk aqG;aEG;cGifh
&So
d nf/
20/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|onf -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0;rsm;udk Bu;D Muyf
uGyu f &J rnf?
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmftpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&mufí
rdecYf eG ;f ajymMum;vdak Mumif; Edik if aH wmfor®wu taMumif;Mum;vQif Edik if aH wmf
or®wtm; zdwMf um;&rnf?
( * ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyu f rdecYf eG ;f ajymMum;vdak Mumif;
taMumif;Mum;vQif vdt k yfovdk pDpOfaqmif&u G af y;&rnf?
(C) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrY k [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmftpnf;ta0;ü aqG;aEG;aqmif&u G qf J
taMumif;t&m wpf&yf&yfEiS pfh yfvsO;f í vdt k yfvQif þzGUJ pnf;ykH tajccH
Oya't& zGUJ pnf;onhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftqihf tzGUJ tpnf;
wpf&yf&yfukd ud, k pf m;jyKaom tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf yk*Kd¾ vrf sm;udk
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd wufa&muf &Si;f vif;wifjy
ap&ef zdwMf um;cGi&fh o dS nf?
(i) þzGUJ pnf;ykH tajccHOya't&aomfvnf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yft&aomf
vnf;aumif; owfrw S xf m;onhf tjcm;wm0efEiS fh vkyyf ikd cf iG rfh sm; aqmif&u G f
&rnf/
21/ (u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf þ zGUJ pnf;ykH
tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv fh nf;aumif;? wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvTwfawmfqdkif&m Oya'ygjy|mef;csufrsm;ESihfvnf;aumif;
rqefu Y sivf Qif wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfEiS fh wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfu zGJUpnf;onhf aumfrwDESihftzGJUwdkYwGif
vGwv f yfpmG ajymqdck iG Efh iS hf qE´raJ y;cGi&fh o dS nf/ xdo k Ykd wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
 107
jynfe,fvw T af wmf? vTwaf wmfaumfrwDEiS fh tzGUJ rsm;wGif wifjyaqG;aEG;jcif;?
aqmif&u G jf cif;wdEYk iS pfh yfvsO;f í wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,w f pfO;D udk wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfqikd &f m
Oya'rSty tjcm;Oya't& ta&;,ljcif;rjyK&?
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0;odYk wufa&muf&ef
cGijfh yKjcif; odrYk [kwf zdwMf um;jcif;cH&aom þzGUJ pnf;ykH tajccHOya't&
zGUJ pnf;onhf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftqihf tzGUJ tpnf;wpf&yf&yfukd
ud, k pf m;jyKaom tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf yk*Kd¾ vrf sm;onf þzGUJ pnf;ykH
tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiafh omfvnf;aumif;? wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfqikd &f m Oya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiafh omfvnf;aumif;
rqefYusifvQif wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf odkYr[kwf
vTwaf wmfu zGUJ pnf;onhaf umfrwDEiS fh tzGUJ rsm;wGif vGwv f yfpmG ajymqdk
cGi&fh odS nf/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf odrYk [kwf vTwaf wmfu
zGUJ pnf;onhf aumfrwDEiS t fh zGUJ rsm;wGif wifjyajymqdrk rI sm;ESifh pyfvsO;f í
,if;tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf yk*Kd¾ vrf sm;tm; wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfqikd &f m Oya'rSty tjcm;Oya't& ta&;,ljcif; rjyK&?
(*) txuftyd'k cf JG (u) ESihf (c) wGiyf g&Sad om yk*Kd¾ vrf sm;onf txufygtcGihf
ta&;rsm;udk usio hf ;kH Mu&mwGif uk, d xf v
d ufa&muf usL;vGerf rI sm;&Scd yhJ gu
,if;wdo Yk nf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;?
vkyx f ;Hk vkyef nf;rsm;t&vnf;aumif;? wnfqOJ ya'rsm;t&vnf;aumif;
ta&;,ljcif;cH&rnf/
 108
22/ (u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf tpnf;ta0; wufa&muf
aeaom wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf uk,d pf m;vS,f wpfO;D udk
jzpfap? vTwaf wmfOuú|\ cGijfh yKcsuf odrYk [kwf zdwMf um;csut f & ,if;tpnf;
ta0;odYk wufa&mufaeaomyk*Kd¾ vw f pfO;D udjk zpfap zrf;qD;&ef vdt k yfygu
cdik v
f aHk omtaxmuftxm;udk oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfOuú|xH wifjy&rnf/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f vTwaf wmf
Ouú|\ BuKd wifciG jfh yKcsurf &&Sb
d J zrf;qD;jcif;rjyK&?
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu zGUJ pnf;aom aumfrwD odrYk [kwf
tzGUJ wpfcck \ k tpnf;ta0; wufa&mufaeonhf ,if;aumfrwD odrYk [kwf
tzGUJ \ tzGUJ 0ifwpfO;D tm;zrf;qD;&ef vdt k yfygu cdik v
f aHk omtaxmuftxm;
udk oufqikd &f maumfrwD odrYk [kwf tzJUG \ tBu;D tuJrS wpfqifh oufqikd &f m
vTwaf wmfOuú|xH wifjy&rnf/ xdv k w T af wmfOuú|\ BuKd wifciG jfh yKcsuf
r&&Sb d J zrf;qD;jcif;rjyK&?
( * ) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmftpnf;ta0; odkYr[kwf
vTwaf wmfu zGUJ pnf;onhaf umfrwD odrYk [kwf tzGUJ wpfcck \ k tpnf;ta0;
usif;ycsdefr[kwfvQif wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf
uk, d pf m;vS,wf pfO;D tm; zrf;qD;ygu xdo k zYkd rf;qD;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f onhf
cdik vf aHk om taxmuftxm;udk wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf
Ouú|xH aqmvsipf mG wifjy&rnf/
23/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfuaomfvnf;aumif;? ,if;vTwaf wmf
\ tcGihftmPmt&aomfvnf;aumif;? jzefYcsdxkwfa0onhftpD&ifcHpmrsm;?
pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;? vTwaf wmfrw S w
f rf;rsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í w&m;pGq J ykd ikd cf iG rfh &Sad p&/
 tcef; (5)
tkycf sKyaf &;tcef;

Chapter (V)
Executive
 tkycf sKyaf &;qkid &f m zGUJ pnf;rI

Formation of Executive
 109
tcef; ( 5 )
tkycf sKyaf &;

tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f mzGUJ pnf;rI

jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &tzGUJ
1/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &tzGUJ zGUJ pnf;a&;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmftyk cf sKyaf &; tBu;D tuJonf Ekid if aH wmfor®wjzpfonf?
( c ) (1) Ekid if aH wmf\tkycf sKyaf &;tmPmukd jynfaxmifp?k wkid ;f a'oBu;D ESihf
jynfe,frsm;tm; cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onf?
(2) uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifprk sm;tm; uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKyaf &;tmPmukd
zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya't& owfrw S af y;onft h wkid ;f cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f
onf/
( * ) Ekid if aH wmfwiG jf ynfaxmifpt k pk;d &tzGUJ ukd atmufazmfjyyg yk*K¾d vrf sm;jzifh
zGUJ pnf;onf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmfor®w?
(2) 'kw, d or®wrsm;?
(3) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm;?
(4) jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKy/f
(C) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\ oabmwlncD sujf zifh -
(1) jynfaxmifpt k pk;d & 0efBu;D Xmersm;ukd vkt d yfovkd owfrw S Ef idk f
onf/ xkjYd yif owfrw S 0f efBu;D Xmersm;ukd jyifqifjcif;? jznfph u G jf cif;
jyKEidk of nf?
(2) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D OD;a&ukd vkt d yfovkd owfrw S Ef idk o
f nf/ xkjYd yif
owfrw S Of ;D a&ukd wd;k jcif;? avQmjh cif; jyKEidk o f nf/
 110
(i) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm;onf atmufazmfjyyg t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph Hk
&rnf -
(1) touf 40 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(2) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl wT af wmf uk,d pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuf owfrw S x
f m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o Hk ?l
(3) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d /l
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm;ESihf 'kw, d 0efBu;D rsm;
2/ jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm; ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) EkdifiHawmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;rsm;tjzpf cefYtyfwm0ef
ay;&ef -
(1) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;xJujzpfap? vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f
r[kwo f rl sm;xJujzpfap owfrw S x
f m;onft h &nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf
jynfph aHk om oifah vsmo f nfyh *k K¾d vrf sm;ukd a&G;cs,&f rnf?
(2) umuG,af &;?vkNH cKaH &;? jynfxaJ &;? e,fpyfa&;&m0efBu;D Xmersm;
twGuf wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfxHrS oifhavsmfonfh
wyfrawmfom;rsm;\ trnfpm&if;ukd &,l&rnf?
(3) umuG,af &;? vkNH cKaH &;? jynfxaJ &;? e,fpyfa&;&m0efBu;D Xmersm;
tjyif tjcm;0efBuD;Xmersm;wGif wyfrawmfom;rsm;tm;
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;vkv d Qif wyfrawmf
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyEf iS hf ñSEd iId ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf/
( c ) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf rdrad &G;cs,x f m;onfyh *k K¾d vrf sm;\trnfpm&if;ESihf
wyfrawmf umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfxHrS&&Sdonfh wyfrawmfom;rsm;\
trnfpm&if;wdu Yk dk pkpnf;í jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYdk wifoiG ;f vsuf
oabmwlncD su&f ,l&rnf?
 111
(*) jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;\t&nftcsif;rsm;ESifh rjynfhpkHaMumif; txif
t&Sm;rjyEkdifygu jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfonf EkdifiHawmfor®wu
trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f onfh yk*K¾d vt f m; jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tjzpf ceft Y yf
wm0efay;&ef jiif;y,fciG hf r&Sad p&?
(C) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef
jynfaxmifpk vTw G af wmf\ oabmwlncD suf r&&So d nfyh *k K¾dvt f pm; trnf
pm&if;opfudk jynfaxmifpv k w
GT af wmfoYdk xyfrw H ifoiG ;f cGi&fh o dS nf?
( i ) EkdifiHawmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ oabmwlnDcsuf
&&SNd y;D onfh yk*K¾d vrf sm;tm; jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0ef
ay;&rnf/ xkdodkY cefYtyfwm0efay;&mwGif EkdifiHawmfor®wonf
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D wpfO;D csi;f tvku d f wm0ef,&l rnf0h efBu;D Xme odrYk [kwf
0efBu;D Xmersm;ukd owfrw S af y;&rnf?
( p ) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm; ceft Y yfwm0efay;onfh
tcgwkid ;f jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYdk taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
(q) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm;onf Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm; wm0efc&H rnf/
3/ 'kw, d 0efBu;D rsm; ceftY yfwm0efay;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D rsm;tm; taxmuftuljyK&ef
vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;xJu jzpfap? vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf [kwf
olrsm;xJujzpfap atmufazmfjyygt&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o Hk rl sm;ukd
'kw, d 0efBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;Ekid o f nf -
(1) touf 35 ESpjf ynfNh y;D ol?
(2) toufuefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl wT af wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuo f wfrwS x f m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESijhf ynfph o Hk ?l
(3) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d /l
 112
(c) EkdifiHawmfor®wonf 'kwd,0efBuD;rsm; cefYtyfwm0efay;&mwGif
umuG,af &;? vkNH cKaH &;? jynfxaJ &;? e,fpyfa&;&mwm0efrsm;ay;tyf&ef
jzpfygu wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyx f rH S oihaf vsmo
f nfh wyfrawmf
om;rsm;\ trnfpm&if;ukd &,l&rnf?
(*) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf umuG,af &;? vkNH cKaH &;? jynfxaJ &;? e,fpyfa&;&m
0efBu;D Xmersm;tjyif tjcm;0efBu;D Xmersm;wGif wyfrawmfom;rsm;tm;
'kw, d 0efBu;D rsm; tjzpfceft Y yfwm0efay;vkv d Qif wyfrawmfumuG,af &;
OD;pD;csKyEf iS ñfh EdS iId ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf?
(C) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf 'kw, d 0efBu;D rsm;tm; ceft Y yfwm0efay;&mwGif
wm0ef,&l rnfh 0efBu;D Xmersm;ukd owfrf w S af y;&rnf?
(i) 'kw, d 0efBu;D rsm;onf oufqidk &f m jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tm;vnf;aumif;?
oufqkdif&mjynfaxmifpk0efBuD;rSwpfqifh EkdifiHawmfor®wtm;
vnf;aumif; wm0efc&H rnf/
4/ jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D wpfO;D OD;tay: pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D wpfO;D OD;tm; atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGypf JG
jypfwifEidk o f nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfudk azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfudk azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf ud m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGif owfrSwfxm;onfh jynfaxmifpk
0efBu;D \t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
 113
(c) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D wpfO;D OD;tay: pGypf jJG ypfwifvydk gu Ekid if aH wmfor®w
odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wukd pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f í zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccH
Oya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD aqmif&u G &f rnf?
(*) okdY&mwGif jynfaxmifpk0efBuD; wpfOD;OD;tay: pGyfpGJjypfwifrIonf
rSeu f efípGypf cJG &H olonf jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D &mxl;wGif qufvuf wm0ef
xrf;aqmifap&efroifah Mumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;onfh vTwaf wmfuqk;H jzwf
wifjyvQif Ekid if aH wmfor®wu pGypf JG jypfwifjcif;cH&onfh jynfaxmifpk
0efBu;D tm; wm0efrS &yfp&J rnf?
(C) pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rrSeu f efaMumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;onfh vTwaf wmfu
qk;H jzwfygu xko d Ydk qk;H jzwfaMumif; oufqidk &f mvTwaf wmfOuú|onf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjytpD&ifc&H rnf/
5/ jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D ESi'hf w k ,d 0efBu;D wk\ Yd &mxl;oufwrf;? &mxl;rS Ekwx f uG cf iG ?hf
wm0efrS &yfpcJ iG ?fh vpfvyf&mxl;ae&mwGif jznfph u G cf efx Y m;cGihf ponfwEYdk iS hf
pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;ESifh 'kwd,0efBuD;wkdY\ &mxl;oufwrf;onf
omreftm;jzifh Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ &mxl;oufwrf;twkid ;f jzpfonf?
(c) jynfaxmifpk0efBuD; okdYr[kwf 'kwd,0efBuD;onf &mxl;oufwrf;
rukeq f ;Hk rD taMumif;wpfcck ak Mumihf rdro d abmqE´tavsmuf &mxl;rS
Ekwx f u G v f v dk Qif xko d Ydk Ekwx f u G vf adk Mumif; Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH pmjzihf
wifjyNy;D &mxl;rS Ekwx f u G Ef idk o
f nf?
(*) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf -
(1) ay;tyfonfhwm0efukd ausyGefpGm rxrf;aqmifEkdifaom
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D wpfO;D OD;tm; &mxl;rS
Ekwx f u G &f ef ñTeMf um;Ekid o f nf/ ñTeMf um;onft h wdik ;f vku
d ef mjcif;
rjyKvQif wm0efrS &yfp&J rnf?
 114
(2) &mxl;rS Ekwx f uG &f rnfh odrYk [kwf wm0efrS &yfpcJ &H rnfh wyfrawmf
om; jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D ESihf ywfoufvQif
wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyEf iS hf ñSEd iId ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf/
(C) &mxl;rSEw k x f u G jf cif;aMumifjh zpfap? wm0efr&S yfpcJ &H jcif;aMumifjh zpfap?
uG,fvGefjcif;aMumifhjzpfap? tjcm;taMumif; wpfckckaMumifhjzpfap
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D &mxl;ae&m vpfvyfvQif
EkdifiHawmfor®wonf zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;
okrYd [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D cefx Y m;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f onfh jy|mef;csurf sm;ESithf nD
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D topf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D topftm; ceft Y yf
wm0efay;Ekid o f nf/ xko d Ykd ceft
Y yf wm0efay;jcif;cH&onfh jynfaxmifpk
0efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D \ &mxl;oufwrf;onf Ekid if aH wmfor®w\
use&f o dS nfh &mxl;oufwrf;twGuo f m jzpfap&rnf?
(i) jynfaxmifpk 0efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D onf vTwaf wmfwpf&yf&yf\
uk, d pf m;vS,jf zpfvQif jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D tjzpf
ceft Y yf wm0efay;jcif; cH&onfah eYrpS í vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,t f jzpfrS
Ekwx f u G Nf y;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
(p) (1) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D onf Ekid if 0hH efxrf;
jzpfvQif jynfaxmifpk0efBuD; odkYr[kwf 'kwd,0efBuD;tjzpf
ceftY yfwm0efay;jcif; cH&onfah eYrpS í wnfq0J efxrf;pnf;rsO;f
pnf;urf;rsm;ESifhtnD EkdifiHh0efxrf;tjzpfrS tNidrf;pm;,lNyD;
jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
(2) umuG,af &;? vkNH cKaH &;? jynfxaJ &;? e,fpyfa&;&m 0efBu;D Xmersm;
twGuf jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;rsm;ESihf 'kwd,0efBuD;rsm;tjzpf
ceft Y yfxm;jcif;cH&aom wyfrawmfom;rsm;onf wyfrawmfrS
tNird ;f pm;,l&ef odrYk [kwf Ekwx f u
G &f efrvk?d
 115
(q) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D odrYk [kw'f w k ,d 0efBu;D onf Ekid if aH &;ygwD wpfcck \ k
tzGUJ 0ifjzpfvQijf ynfaxmifp0k efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D tjzpf ceft Y yf
wm0efay;jcif; cH&onfah eYrpS í rdr&d mxl;oufwrf;twGi;f ,if;ygwD
tzGUJ tpnf;\ ygwDvyk if ef;rsm;wGif yg0ifaqmif&u G jf cif; rjyK&?
(Z ) (1) jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D rsm;tm; ceft Y yf
wm0efay;onfh Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf &mxl;oufwrf; rukeq f ;Hk rD
Ekwx f uG af omaMumihjf zpfap? uG,v f eG af omaMumifjh zpfap? wpfpHk
wpfcak omtaMumif;aMumihjf zpfap Ekid if aH wmfor®w&mxl; vpfvyf
ygu tpm;xk;kd a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufvu dk o f nfh Ekid if aH wmfor®w
topfu jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D topfrsm; odrYk [kwf 'kw, d 0efBu;D
topfrsm;ukd ceft Y yfwm0efay;Ny;D onft h csed t f xd jynfaxmifpk
0efBu;D rsm;ESihf 'kw,d 0efBu;D rsm;onf rdrw d \ Ydk vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;ukd
qufvufxrf;aqmif&rnf?
(2) tpm;xkd;cefYtyfwm0efay;jcif;cH&onfh jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;
topfrsm;ESihf 'kw, d 0efBu;D topfrsm;\ &mxl;oufwrf;onf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wtopf\ use&f o dS nf&h mxl;oufwrf; ukeq f ;Hk
onftxdom jzpf&rnf/
(ps ) jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;ESifh'kwd,0efBuD;rsm;\wm0efrsm;? vkyfykdifcGifhrsm;?
&ykid cf iG rhf sm;ukd Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
 116
jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyEf iS hf 'kw,
d a&SUaecsKyf
6/ a&SUaecsKyt f ac:ta0:ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKy[ f k ac:a0:ok;H pGJ
&rnf/
7/ jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf ceft Y yf wm0efay;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf Oya'tBuÓ H Pfrsm; &,lEidk &f efEiS hf Oya'qkid &f m
wm0efrsm;ay;tyfEkdif&ef vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;xJujzpfap?
vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f r[kwfolrsm;xJujzpfap atmufazmfjyyg
t&nftcsif;rsm;ESifh jynfhpkHonfhyk*d¾Kvf wpfOD;OD;tm; jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf\ oabmwlncD sujf zifh jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f jzpf ceft Y yf
wm0efay;&rnf -
(1) touf 45 ESpjf ynfNh y;D ol?
(2) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl w
T af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuf owfrw S xf m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o Hk ?l
(3) (uu) wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf
w&m;olBu;D tjzpf tenf;qk;H ig;ESpf aqmif&u G cf ohJ l
okrYd [kwf
( c c ) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftqifx h uf redrahf om
w&m;a&;0efxrf; okdYr[kwf Oya'0efxrf;&mxl;wGif
tenf;qk;H 10 ESpf wm0efxrf;aqmifco hJ l okrYd [kwf
( * * ) w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae (Advocate) tjzpf tenf;qk;H
tESpf 20 trIvu dk yf g aqmif&uG cf o
hJ l okrYd [kwf
(CC) xifay:ausmfMum;onfh *kPfowif;&Sdaom Oya'
ynm&Sit f jzpf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu ,lqol/
(4) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d ?l
 117
(c) jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f wGuf owfrw S xf m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf
rjynfph aHk Mumif; txift&Sm;rjyEkidk yf gu jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfonf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wu trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f onfh yk*K¾d vt f m; jynfaxmifpk
a&SUaecsKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef jiif;y,fciG hf r&Sad p&?
(*) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f jzpf ceftY yfwm0efay;&ef
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\oabmwlnDcsufr&&Sdonfh yk*d¾Kvftpm;
trnfpm&if;opfudk jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmfoYkd xyfrw H ifoiG ;f cGi&fh o
dS nf?
(C) jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyo f nf jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &tzGUJ 0ifjzpfonf?
(i) jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyo f nf Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm; wm0efc&H rnf/
8/ jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f ay: pGypf jGJ ypfwifjcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyftm; atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGyfpJG
jypfwifEidk o f nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfudk azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuf wpf&yf&yfudk azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf ud m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zJGUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGif owfrSwfxm;onfh jynfaxmifpk
a&SUaecsKy\ f t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
(c) jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyftay: pGyfpGJjypfwifvkdygu EkdifiHawmfor®w
odrYk [kwf 'kw, d or®wukpd yG pf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f ízGUJ pnf;ykH tajccH
Oya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD aqmif&u G &f rnf?
(*) od&Yk mwGif jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f ay: pGypf jJGypfwifro I nfreS u f efí pGypf cJG &H
olonf jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKy&f mxl;wGif qufvufwm0ef xrf;aqmif
 118
ap&efroifah Mumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;onfv h w
T af wmfu qk;H jzwfwifjyvQif
Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpk a&SUaecsKyt f m; wm0efrS &yfp&J rnf?
(C) pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rrSeu f efaMumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;onfh vTwaf wmfu
qk;H jzwfygu xko d Ydk qk;H jzwfaMumif; oufqidk &f mvTwaf wmfOuú|onf
Ekid if aH wmf or®wxH wifjy tpD&ifc&H rnf/
9/ 'kw,
d a&SUaecsKyf ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f m; taxmuftuljyK&ef
vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;xJujzpfap? vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f
r[kwo f rl sm;xJujzpfap atmufazmfjyygt&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o Hk nfh
yk*K¾d vw f pfO;D OD;tm; rdro d abmqE´tavsmuf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyt f jzpf
ceft Y yfwm0efay;&rnf -
(1) touf 40 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(2) toufuefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl wT af wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuo f wfrw S x f m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o Hk ?l
(3) (uu) wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf
w&m;olBu;D tjzpf tenf;qk;H ig;ESpf aqmif&u G cf o hJ l
okrYd [kwf
( c c ) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftqifx h uf redrahf om
w&m;a&;0efxrf; okdYr[kwf Oya'0efxrf;&mxl;wGif
tenf;qk;H 10 ESpf wm0ef xrf;aqmifco hJ l okrYd [kwf
( * * ) w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae (Advocate)tjzpf tenf;qk;H
15 ESpf trIvu dk yf g aqmif&u G cf o
hJ l okrYd [kwf
(CC) xifay:ausmfMum;onfh *kPfowif;&Sdaom Oya'
ynm&Sit f jzpf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu ,lqol/
(4) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d /l
 119
( c ) 'kwd,a&SUaecsKyfonf jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyftm;vnf;aumif;?
jynfaxmifpk a&SUaecsKyrf S wpfqifh Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm;vnf;aumif;
wm0efc&H rnf/
10/ jynfaxmifpk a&SUaecsKyEf iS hf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyw f \Ydk &mxl;oufwrf;? &mxl;rS
Ekwx f u G cf iG ?hf wm0efr&S yfpcJ iG ?hf vpfvyf&mxl;ae&mwGif jznfph u G cf efxY m;cGifh ponf
wkEYd iS hf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
( u ) jynfaxmifpk a&SUaecsKyEf iS fh 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyw f \ Ydk &mxl;oufwrf;onf
omreftm;jzifh Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ &mxl;oufwrf;twkid ;f jzpfonf/
(c) jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyo f nf &mxl;oufwrf;
rukeq f ;Hk rD taMumif;wpfcck ak Mumifh rdro d abmqE´tavsmuf &mxl;rS
Ekwx f u G v f vdk Qif xko d Ydk Ekwx f u G vf adk Mumif; Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH pmjzihw f ifjy
Ny;D &mxl;rSEw k x f uG Ef idk o f nf?
(*) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf ay;tyfonfw h m0efudk ausyeG pf mG rxrf;aqmif
Ekid af om jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyt f m; &mxl;rS
Ekwx f u G &f ef ñTeMf um;Ekid o f nf/ ñTeMf um;onft h wkid ;f vku d ef mjcif;rjyKvQif
wm0efrS &yfp&J rnf?
(C) &mxl;rS Ekwx f u G jf cif;aMumifjh zpfap? wm0efrS &yfpcJ &H jcif;aMumihjf zpfap?
uG,fvGefjcif;aMumihfjzpfap? tjcm;taMumif;wpfckckaMumifhjzpfap
jynfaxmifpk a&SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKy&f mxl;ae&m vpfvyfvQif
Ekid if aH wmf or®wonf zGUJ pnf;ykH tajccHOya'yg jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf
odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyf cefx Y m;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f onfh jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf
tnD jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f opf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyt f opftm;
cefYtyf wm0efay;Ekdifonf/ xkdokdY cefYtyfwm0ef ay;jcif;cH&onfh
jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKy\ f &mxl;oufwrf;onf
Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ use&f o dS nfh &mxl;oufwrf;twGuo f m jzpfap&rnf?
 120
( i ) jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf odkYr[kwf 'kwd,a&SUaecsKyfonf vTwfawmf
wpf&yf&yf\ uk, d pf m;vS,jf zpfvQif jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf
'kw, d a&SUaecsKyf tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;cH&onfah eYrpS í vGw T af wmf
uk,d pf m;vS,t f jzpfrS Ekwxf u G Nf y;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
( p ) jynfaxmifpk a½SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyo f nf Ekid if 0hH efxrf;
jzpfvQif jynfaxmifpk a½SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyt f jzpf ceft Y yf
wm0efay;jcif;cH&onfhaeYrSpí wnfqJ0efxrf;pnf;rsOf; pnf;urf;
rsm;ESithf nD Ekid if 0hH efxrf;tjzpfrS tNird ;f pm;,lNy;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
(q) jynfaxmifpk a&SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyo f nf Ekid if aH &;ygwD
wpfcck \ k tzGUJ 0ifjzpfvQif jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d
a&SUaecsKyftjzpf cefYtyfwm0efay;jcif; cH&onfhaeYrSpí rdrd&mxl;
oufwrf;twGi;f ,if;ygwDtzJUG tpnf;\ ygwDvyk if ef;rsm;wGif yg0if
aqmif&u G jf cif;rjyK&?
( Z ) (1) jynfaxmifpk a&SUaecsKyEf iS fh 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyw f t Ykd m; ceft Y yfwm0ef
ay;onfh EkdifiHawmfor®wonf &mxl;oufwrf; rukefqkH;rD
Ekwx f uG af omaMumifjh zpfap? uG,v f eG af omaMumihjf zpfap? wpfpHk
wpfckaom taMumif;aMumihfjzpfap EkdifiHawmfor®w&mxl;
vpfvyfygu tpm;xk;d a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufvu kd o
f nfh Ekid if aH wmf
or®wtopfonf ,if;wkt Yd m; qufvufwm0efay;Ekid o f nf
okdYr[kwf zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnD
jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f opfEiS fh 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyt f opfrsm;udk
ceft Y yfwm0efay;Edik o f nf/ ,if;odYk ceft Y yfwm0efay;rnf qkyd gu
jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyt f opfEiS fh 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyt f opfrsm;udk
ceft Y yfwm0ef ay;Ny;D onft h csed t f xd jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyEf iS hf
 121
'kw, d a&SUaecsKywf tYkd m; ,if;wd\ Yk vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;ukd qufvuf
xrf;aqmifapEkid o f nf?
(2) tpm;xk;d ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;cH&onfh jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyf
topfEiS fh 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyt f opfw\ Ydk &mxl;oufwrf;onf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wtopf\ use&f o dS nf&h mxl;oufwrf; ukeq f ;Hk
onftxdom jzpf&rnf/
(ps ) jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyEf iS hf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyw f \ Ydk wm0efrsm;? vkyyf idk cf iG rfh sm;?
&ykid cf iG rhf sm;ukd Oya'jy|mef;íowfrw S &f rnf/
11/ jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKy?f 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyw f \Ydk tqiho f wfrw S jf cif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D
jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKyEf iS hf 'kw, d a&SUaecsKyw f \ Ydk wm0efrsm;? vkyyf ikd cf iG rfh sm;?
&ykdifcGifhrsm;ukd Oya'jzifh jy|mef;owfrSwfonfhtcg rSDjirf;jyKEkdifa&;twGuf
jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyfukd jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;tqifhowfrSwfonf/ 'kwd,
a&SUaecsKyu f kd 'kw, d 0efBu;D tqifh owfrw S o f nf/
jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyEf iS hf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyf
12/ pm&if;ppfcsKyt f ac:ta0:ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKy[ f k ac:a0:
ok;H pG&J rnf/
13/ jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf Ekid if aH wmf\t& tok;H pm&if;rsm;ukd ppfaq;í
jynfolYvTwfawmfESifh trsdK;om;vTwfawmfokdYwifjyEkdif&ef vTwfawmf
uk,d pf m;vS,rf sm;xJujzpfap? vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf [kwo f rl sm;xJu
jzpfap atmufazmfjyyg t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o Hk nfyh *k Kd¾vf wpfO;D OD;tm;
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\oabmwlnDcsufjzifh jynfaxmifpkpm&if;
ppfcsKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&rnf -
(1) touf 45 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
 122
(2) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl w T af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuf owfrw S x f m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o Hk ?l
(3) (uu) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftqifh xufredrahf om
pm&if;ppf t&m&S&d mxl;wGif tenf;qk;H 10 ESpf aqmif&u G f
cJoh l okrYd [kwf
( c c ) rSwyf w Hk ifpm&if;ukid f okrYd [kwf vufrw S &f jynfopYl m&if;
ukid tf jzpf tenf;qk;H 20 ESpf aqmif&u G cf ohJ l okrYd [kwf
( * * ) xifay:ausmMf um;onfh *kPo f wif;&Sad om pm&if;ynm&Sif
okrYd [kwf pm&if;tif;ynm&Sif odrYk [kwf pD;yGm;a&;ynm&Sif
tjzpf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu ,lqol/
(4) Edik if aH wmfEiS fh Edik if o H m;rsm;tay:opöm&So d /l
(c) jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f wGuf owfrw S x f m;aom t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf
rjynfph aHk Mumif; txift&Sm;rjyoEkid yf gu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfonf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wu trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f onfh yk*K¾d vt f m; jynfaxmifpk
pm&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef jiif;y,fciG fh r&Sad p&?
(*) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ oabmwlnDcsufr&&Sdonfh yk*d¾Kvftpm;
trnfpm&if;opfudk jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfoYdk xyfrw H ifoiG ;f cGi&fh o dS nf?
(C) jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyo f nf Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm; wm0efc&H rnf/
14/ jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f m; pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f m; atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGypf JG
jypfwifEidk o f nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfudk azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfukd azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
 123
(3) tusio hf u d m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zJUJG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'wGif owfrw S xf m;onfh jynfaxmifppk m&if;
ppfcsKy\ f t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
(c) jynfaxmifpk pm&if;ppfcsKyt f ay: pGypf jJG ypfwifvydk gu Ekid if aH wmfor®w
okrYd [kwf 'kw, d or®wudk pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f í zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccH
Oya'ygjy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD aqmif&u G &f rnf?
(*) ok&Yd mwGif jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f ay: pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rSeu f efí
pGypf cJG &H olonf jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKy&f mxl;wGif qufvufwm0ef
xrf;aqmifap&efroifah Mumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;onfv h w
T af wmfu qk;H jzwf
wifjyvQif Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f m; wm0efrS
&yfp&J rnf?
(C) pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rrSeu f efaMumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;onfh vTwaf wmfu
qk;H jzwfygu xko d Ydk qk;H jzwfaMumif; oufqidk &f mvTwaf wmfOuú|onf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjytpD&ifc&H rnf/
15/ 'kw,
d pm&if;ppfcsKyf ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f m; taxmuftuljyK&ef
vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;xJujzpfap? vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f
r[kwo f rl sm;xJu jzpfap atmufazmfjyyg t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o Hk nfh
yk*d¾KvfwpfOD;OD;tm; rdrdoabm qE´tavsmuf 'kwd,pm&if;ppfcsKyf
tjzpf ceft Y yf wm0efay;&rnf -
(1) touf 40 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(2) toufuefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl w
T af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuf owfrw S x f m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o Hk ?l
 124
(3) (uu) wk d i f ; a'oBuD ; ok d Y r [k w f jynf e ,f t qif h x uf
redrfhaom pm&if;ppft&m&Sd&mxl;wGif tenf;qkH;
10 ESpf aqmif&u G cf o hJ l okrYd [kwf
( c c ) rSwyf w Hk ifpm&if;ukid f okrYd [kwf vufrw S &f jynfopYl m&if;
ukid t f jzpf tenf;qk;H 15 ESpf aqmif&u G cf ohJ l okrYd [kwf
( * * ) xifay:ausmMf um;onfh *kPo f wif;&Sad om pm&if;ynm&Sif
okrYd [kwf pm&if;tif;ynm&Sif odrYk [kwf pD;yGm;a&;ynm&Sif
tjzpf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu ,lqol?
(4) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d /l
( c ) 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyo f nf jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f m;vnf;aumif;
jynfaxmifpk pm&if;ppfcsKyrf S wpfqifh Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm;vnf;aumif;
wm0efc&H rnf/
16/ jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyEf iS fh 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyw f \ Ydk &mxl;oufwrf;? &mxl;rS
Ekwx f u G cf iG ?fh wm0efr&S yfpcJ iG ?hf vpfvyf&mxl;ae&mwGif jznfph u G cf efxY m;cGihf ponfh
wdEYk iS hf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyEf iS fh 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyw f \Ydk &mxl;oufwrf;onf
omreftm;jzifh Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ &mxl;oufwrf;twkid ;f jzpfonf?
(c) jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyo f nf &mxl;
oufwrf;rukeq f ;Hk rD taMumif;wpfcck ak Mumifh rdro d abmqE´ tavsmuf
&mxl;rS Ekwx f u G v f v dk Qif xko d Ydk Ekwx f u G v
f adk Mumif; Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH
pmjzihw f ifjyNy;D &mxl;rS Ekwx f uG Ef idk o f nf?
(*) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf ay;tyfonfw h m0efudk ausyeG pf mG rxrf;aqmif
Ekid af om jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyt f m;
&mxl;rS Ekwx f u G &f ef ñTeMf um;Ekid o f nf/ ñTeMf um;onft h wkid ;f vku d ef mjcif;
rjyKvQif wm0efrS &yfp&J rnf?
 125
(C) &mxl;rSEw k x f u G jf cif;aMumifjh zpfap? wm0efr&S yfpcJ &H jcif;aMumihjf zpfap?
uG,fvGefjcif;aMumihfjzpfap? tjcm;taMumif;wpfckckaMumifhjzpfap
jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyf &mxl;ae&m
vpfvyfvQif Ekid if aH wmf or®wonf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jynfaxmifpk
pm&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyf cefx Y m;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f onfh
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f opf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d
pm&if;ppfcsKyt f opftm; ceft Y yfwm0efay;Ekid o f nf/ xko d Ydk ceft Y yfwm0ef
ay;jcif;cH&onfh jynfaxmifpk pm&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKy\ f
&mxl;oufwrf;onf Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ use&f o dS nfh &mxl;oufwrf;
twGuo f m jzpfap&rnf?
(i) jynfaxmifpk pm&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyo f nf vTwaf wmf
wpf&yf&yf\ uk, d pf m;vS,jf zpfvQif jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf
'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpf ceft
Y yfwm0efay;jcif;cH&onfah eYrpS í vGw T af wmf
uk,d pf m;vS,t f jzpfrS Ekwx f u G Nf y;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
(p) jynfaxmifpk pm&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyo f nf Ekid if 0hH efxrf;
jzpfvQif jynfaxmifpk pm&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpf
ceftY yfwm0ef ay;jcif;cH&onfah eYrpS í wnfq0J efxrf;pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;
rsm;ESithf nD Ekid if 0hH efxrf;tjzpfrS tNird ;f pm;,lNy;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
(q) jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyo f nf Ekid if aH &;ygwD
wpfcck \ k tzGUJ 0ifjzpfvQif jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf odrYk [kwf 'kw, d
pm&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif; cH&onfah eYrpS í rdr&d mxl;
oufwrf;twGi;f ,if;ygwD tzJUG tpnf;\ ygwDvyk if ef;rsm;wGif yg0if
aqmif&u G jf cif; rjyK&?
(Z) (1) jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyEf iS 'fh w k , d pm&if;ppfcsKyw f t Ykd m; ceft Y yf
wm0efay;onfh Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf &mxl;oufwrf; rukeq f ;Hk rD
 126
Ekwx f u G o
f mG ;aomaMumifjh zpfap? uG,v f eG af omaMumihfjzpfap?
wpfpkHwpfckaom taMumif;aMumihfjzpfap EkdifiHawmfor®w
&mxl;vpfvyfygu tpm;xkd;a&G;cs,f wifajr§mufvkdufonfh
EkdifiHawmfor®wtopfonf ,if;wkdYtm; qufvufwm0ef
ay;Ekid o f nf okrYd [kwf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf
tnD jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyt f opfEiS fh 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyf
topfrsm;udk ceft Y yfwm0efay;Edik o f nf/ ,if;odYk ceft Y yf wm0ef
ay;rnfqdkygu jynfaxmifpkpm&if;ppfcsKyftopfESihf 'kwd,
pm&if;ppfcsKyt f opfrsm;udk ceft Y yfwm0efay;Ny;D onft h csed tf xd
jynfaxmifpk pm&if;ppfcsKyEf iS hf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyw f t Ykd m; ,if;wd\ Yk
vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;ukd qufvuf xrf;aqmifapEkid o f nf?
(2) tpm;xk;d ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;cH&onfh jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyf
topfEiS fh 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyt f opfw\ Ydk &mxl;oufwrf;onf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wtopf\ use&f o dS nfh &mxl;oufwrf;ukeq f ;Hk
onf txdomjzpf&rnf/
( ps ) jynfaxmifpk pm&if;ppfcsKyEf iS hf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyw f \ Ydk wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf idk cf iG rfh sm;? &ykid cf iG rhf sm;ukd Oya'jy|mef;íowfrw S &f rnf/
17/ jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKy?f 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyw f \ Ydk tqiho f wfrw S jf cif;ESihf
pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyEf iS hf 'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyw f \ Ydk wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf idk cf iG rfh sm;? &ykid cf iG rhf sm;ukd Oya'jzifjh y|mef;owfrw S of nft h cg rSjD irf;jyKEidk af &;
twGuf jynfaxmifppk m&if;ppfcsKyu f dk jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqihf owfrw S o f nf/
'kw, d pm&if;ppfcsKyu f dk 'kw, d 0efBu;D tqihf owfrw S o f nf/
 127
jynfaxmifp&k mxl;0eftzGUJ zGUJ pnf;jcif;
18/ jynfaxmifp&k mxl;0eftzGUJ zGUJ pnf;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf Ekid if 0hH efxrf;a&G;cs,af &;? avhusiahf &;wm0efEiS hf
Ekid if 0hH efxrf; pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;owfrw S af &;wm0efrsm;xrf;aqmifEidk &f ef
jynfaxmifp&k mxl;0ef tzGUJ zGUJ pnf;&rnf?
(c) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf atmufazmfjyyg t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o Hk l
rsm;tm; jynfaxmifp&k mxl;0eftzGUJ Ouú|ESihf tzGUJ 0ifrsm;tjzpf ceft Y yf
wm0efay;&rnf
(1) touf 50 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(2) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl w
T af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuf owfrw S xf m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o Hk ?l
(3) tawGUtBuK&H ifu h suaf om todynm&Si?f twwfynm&Sijf zpfo?l
(4) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d ?l
(5) Ekid if aH &;ygwD0ifr[kwo f ?l
(6) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf [kwo f /l
(*) jynfaxmifp&k mxl;0eftzGUJ Ouú|onf Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm; vnf;aumif;?
tzGJU0ifrsm;onf jynfaxmifpk&mxl;0eftzGJUOuú|ESihf ,if;rSwpfqifh
Ekid if aH wmf or®wtm;vnf;aumif; wm0efc&H rnf?
(C) jynfaxmifpk&mxl;0eftzGJUOuú|ESifh tzJGU0ifrsm;\oufwrf;onf
omreftm;jzifh Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ &mxl;oufwrf;twkid ;f jzpfonf?
(i) jynfaxmifp&k mxl;0eftzGUJ zGUJ pnf;jcif;? Ouú|ESit fh zGUJ 0ifw\Ydk wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf idk cf iG rfh sm;? &ykid cf iG rfh sm;? &mxl;rSEwk x f uG jf cif;? wm0efr&S yfpjJ cif;wku Yd dk
Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
19/ jynfaxmifpk&mxl;0eftzGJU\tqifhowfrSwfjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;NyD; jynfaxmifpk
&mxl;0eftzGUJ Ouú|\ wm0efrsm;? vkyyf idk cf iG rfh sm;? &ykid cf iG rhf sm;udk Oya'jzifh jy|mef;
 128
owfrw S of nft h cg rSjD irf;jyKEidk af &;twGuf jynfaxmifpk &mxl;0eftzGUJ Ouú|tm;
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqihf owfrw S o
f nf/
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &tzGUJ
20/ wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,ftBuD;tuJESihf wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf
jynfe,ftpk;d & tzJUG 0ifrsm;\ tac:ta0:ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftBu;D tuJudk wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f 0efBu;D csKyf ( Chief Minister of the Region or State ) [k
ac:a0:&rnf?
( c ) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &tzGUJ 0ifudk wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f0efBu;D (Minister of the Region or State) [kac:a0:&rnf/
21/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D tpd;k &tzGUJ odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &tzGUJ zGUJ pnf;jcif;ESifh wkid ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;rsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D wdik ;f wGif wkid ;f a'oBu;D tpk;d &tzGUJ ? jynfe,fwidk ;f wGif jynfe,f
tpk;d & tzGUJ toD;oD; zGUJ pnf;xm;&So d nf?
(c) wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,ftpkd;&tzGJUukd atmufazmfjyyg
yk*K¾d vrf sm;jzifh zGUJ pnf;onf?
(1) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKy?f
(2) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D rsm;?
(3) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKy/f
(*) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
vGw T af wmf\ oabmwlncD sujf zifh -
(1) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D Xmersm;ukd vkt d yfovkd
owfrw S Ef idk o
f nf/ xdjYk yifowfrwS 0f efBu;D Xmersm;udjk yifqifjcif;?
jznhpf uG jf cif;jyKEikd o
f nf?
 129
(2) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D OD;a&ukd vkt d yfovkd
owfrw S Ef idk of nf/ xkjYd yif owfrw S Of ;D a&ukd wk;d jcif;? avQmjh cif;
jyKEidk o
f nf/
(C) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyEf iS hf 0efBu;D rsm;onf atmufyg
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph &Hk rnf/
(1) touf 35 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(2) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrw S x f m;onfh t&nf
tcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o Hk ?l
(3) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay:opöm&So d /l
(i) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
0efBu;D csKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef -
(1) oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf
uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;xJu owfrw S x f m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf
jynfph aHk om oihaf vsmo f nfh vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,w f pfO;D tm;
a&G;cs,&f rnf?
(2) a&G;cs,x f m;onfh vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,\ f trnfpm&if;ukd
oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfodkY
ay;ykv Yd suf oabmwlncD suf &,l&rnf/
(p) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\
oabmwlncD su&f &SNd y;D onfh vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,t f m; oufqidk &f m
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyt f jzpf cefUtyfwm0efay;&rnf?
(q) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyt f wGuf owfrw S x f m;aom
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESirhf jynfph aHk Mumif; txift&Sm;rjyEkid yf gu wkid ;f a'oBu;D
 130
okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfonf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu trnfpm&if;
wifoiG ;f onfh vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,t f m; wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef jiif;y,fciG fh r&Sad p&?
(Z) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyt f jzpf
ceft Y yf wm0efay;&ef wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\
oabmwlncD suf r&&So d nfyh *k K¾dvt f pm; trnfpm&if;opfudk wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd xyfrw H ifoiG ;f cGi&fh o dS nf/
22/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D rsm; ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f0efBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef -
(1) oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf
ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;xJujzpfap? vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf [kwf
olrsm;xJujzpfap owfrSwfxm;onfh t&nftcsif;rsm;ESihf
jynfph aHk omoifah vsmo f nfyh *k K¾d vrf sm;ukd a&G;cs,&f rnf?
(2) vkHNcKHa&;ESihfe,fpyfa&;&mwm0efay;tyfEkdif&ef wyfrawmf
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyx f rH S oihaf vsmo f nfh wyfrawmfom;rsm;\
trnfpm&if;ukd awmif;cH&rnf?
(3) oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f &Sd uk, d yf idk f
tkycf sKycf iG &hf wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ xHrS ,if;wd\ Yk Ouú|trnfpm&if;ukd &,l&rnf?
(4) oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,ftwGif;&Sd
wkid ;f &if;om; vlrsKd ;a&;&m aqmif&u G &f eftwGuf a&G;aumuf
wifajr§mufxm;onfh vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;\ trnf
pm&if;ukd oufqidk &f ma&G;aumufyJG aumfr&Six f rH &S ,l&rnf/
 131
(c) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf rdrad &G;cs,x f m;onfh
yk*K¾d vrf sm;ESihf wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyx f rH &S &So d nfh wyfrawmf
om;rsm;\ trnfpm&if;ukpd pk nf;Ny;D oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f vsuf oabmwlncD su&f ,l&rnf?
(*) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D rsm;twGuf owfrw S xf m;aom
t&nf t csif ; rsm;ES i f h rjynf h p k H a Mumif ; txif t &S m ;rjyEk d i f y gu
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfu trnfpm&if;wifoGif;onfh yk*d¾Kvfrsm;tm;
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef
jiif;y,fciG rfh &Sad p&?
(C) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f 0efBu;D tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ oabmwlncD suf r&&So d nfh yk*K¾d vt f pm; trnf
pm&if;opfudk oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd
xyfrw H ifoiG ;f cGifh &So
d nf?
(i) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f vTwaf wmf\ oabmwlncD su&f &SNd y;D onfh yk*K¾d vrf sm;ESihf uk, d yf idk f
tkycf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f Ouú| okrYd [kwf uk,
d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOuú|rsm;\
trnfpm&if;ESihf wkid ;f &if;om;vlrsKd ;a&;&maqmif&u G &f ef a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufxm;onfh vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;\ trnfpm&if;yg
yk*d¾Kvfrsm;tm; wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f 0efBuD;rsm;tjzpf
ceftY yfwm0efay;&ef Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjy&rnf?
(p) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyu f wifjy
vmonfh yk*K¾d vrf sm;tm; oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
 132
0efBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&rnf/ xko d Ykd ceft Y yfwm0efay;&mwGif
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D wpfO;D csi;f tvku d f wm0ef,&l rnfh
0efBu;D Xme odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D Xmersm;ukd oufqikd &f m 0efBu;D csKyEf iS hf ñ§Ed iId ;f vsuf
owfrw S af y;&rnf/
(q) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf
(1) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D rsm;jzpfonfh uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf
wkid ;f Ouú|ESifh uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOuú|rsm;tm; oufqidk &f m
uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oa&;&m
rsm;ukad qmif&u G &f ef wm0efay;tyf&rnf?
(2) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D rsm;jzpfonfh wkid ;f &if;om;
vlrsKd ;a&;&m aqmif&u G &f efa&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufxm;onfh vTwaf wmf
uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;tm; oufqidk &f m wkid ;f &if;om;vlrsKd ;a&;&mrsm;ukd
aqmif&u G &f ef wm0efay;tyf&rnf/
(Z) oufqidk &f m uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f Ouú| okrYd [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh
a'o Ouú|tm;vnf;aumif;? oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
twGi;f &Sd wkid ;f &if;om;vlrsKd ;a&;&maqmif&u G &f ef a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf
xm;onfh vTwaf wmf uk, d pf m;vS,t f m;vnf;aumif; wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f0efBu;D tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&mwGif Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf zGUJ pnf;ykH
tajccHOya'wGif owfrw S xf m;onfh toufuefo Y wfcsuu f dk avsmah yghay;
&rnf?
(ps) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf 0efBu;D csKyEf iS ñ hf EdS iId ;f í uk,
d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf
uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oqkid &f m0efBu;D rsm;tm;vnf;aumif;? wkid ;f &if;om;
vlrsKd ;a&;&m 0efBu;D rsm;tm;vnf;aumif; tjcm;0efBu;D Xme wm0efrsm;ukv d nf;
yl;wGw J m0efay;tyfEidk o f nf?
 133
(n) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f 0efBu;D csKyo f nf vkNH cKaH &;ESifh e,fpyfa&;&m
wm0efrsm;rSty tjcm;wm0efrsm;twGuf wyfrawmfom;rsm;tm;
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;vkv d Qif
wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyx f rH S trnfpm&if;awmif;cHí ,if;trnf
pm&if;ukd oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\
oabm wlncD su&f ,lvsuf Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjy&rnf?
(#) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyEf iS hf
0efBu;D rsm; ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;rsm;uko d ufqidk &f mwkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynf e ,f v T w f a wmf o k d Y v nf ; aumif ; ? jynf a xmif p k v T w f a wmf o d k Y
vnf;aumif; taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
(X) (1) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm; wm0efcH &rnf?
(2) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f 0efBu;D rsm;onf oufqidk &f m
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f 0efBu;D csKyt f m;vnf;aumif;?
oufqidk &f mwkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyrf S wpfqifh
Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm;vnf;aumif; wm0efc&H rnf/
(!) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyEf iS hf 0efBu;D rsm;\ &mxl;
oufwrf;onf omreftm;jzifh EkdifiHawmfor®w\ &mxl;oufwrf;
twkid ;f jzpfonf/
23/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D wpfO;D OD; tay:pGypf JG
jypfwifjcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f 0efBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf 0efBu;D wpfO;D OD;tm;
atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yfaMumifh pGypf jJG ypfwifEidk o f nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfudk azmufzsujf cif;?
 134
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfudk azmufzsuf
usL;vGef jcif;?
(3) tusio fh u d m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;onfh wkdif;a'oBuD;
okdYr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfESifh 0efBuD;\ t&nftcsif;
ysu, f iG ;f jcif;/
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
(c) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D wpfO;D OD;tay:
azmfjyygtaMumif; wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGyfpGJjypfwifvkdygu oufqkdif&m
wkdif;a'oBuD; vTwfawmfokdYr[kwfjynfe,f vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f
pkpak ygif;OD;a&teuf tenf;qk;H av;ykw H pfyuHk vufrw S af &;xk;d Ny;D rdrwd \
Ykd
pGypf cJG suu f kd oufqidk &f mvTwaf wmf Ouú|xH wifjy&rnf?
(*) oufqidk &f m vTwaf wmfOuú|onf pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ ukd zGUJ pnf;í
pGypf cJG suuf pdk pHk rf;ppfaq;ap&rnf/ pkpH rf;ppfaq;&rnfh vkyif ef;yrmPukd
axmuf½í I pkpH rf;ppfaq;rI Ny;D pD;&rnfu h mvukv d nf; owfrw S af y;&rnf?
(C) pGypf cJG suuf dk pkpH rf;ppfaq;onft h cg pGypf jJGypfwifjcif;cH&aom wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okdYr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyf odkYr[kwf 0efBuD;tm; ukd,fwdkifaomf
vnf;aumif;? uk, d pf m;vS,jf zihf aomfvnf;aumif; acsycGiafh y;&rnf?
(i) (1) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D
wpfO;D OD;tay: oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ pGypf jJGypfwifrEI iS fh pyfvsO;f í pkpH rf; ppfaq;a&;
tzGUJ u pkpH rf;ppfaq; awGU&Scd surf sm;ukd wifjyvmvQif vTwaf wmf
Ouú|onf oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmf okdYr[kwf
jynfe,fvTwfawmfodkY wifjy&rnf/ oufqkdif&m vTwfawmf
uk, d pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a& tenf;qk;H ok;H ykEH pS yf uH k pGypf jJyG pfwifroI nf
 135
rSeu f efí pGypf cJG &H olonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
0efBuD;csKyf okdYr[kwf 0efBuD;&mxl;wGif qufvufxrf;&Guf
ap&efroifah Mumif; qk;H jzwfvQif Ouú|onf xkq d ;Hk jzwfcsuu f kd
Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjytpD&ifc&H rnf?
(2) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wifjycsu&f &Sv d Qif pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;cH&onfh
wk d i f ; a'oBuD ; ok d Y r [k w f jynf e ,f 0 ef B uD ; csKyf od k Y r [k w f
0efBu;D tm; &mxl;rS&yfp&J rnf?
(3) pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rrSeu
f efaMumif; oufqikd &f m vTwaf wmfu
qkH;jzwfvQif xkdokdY qkH;jzwfaMumif;ukd vTwfawmfOuú|onf
Ekid if aH wmf or®wxHwifjy tpD&ifc&H rnf/
24/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D wpfO;D OD; Ekwx f uG jf cif;?
wm0efrS&yfpJjcif;? vpfvyf&mxl;ae&m jznfhpGufcefYxm;jcif; ponfwkdYESifh
pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D
wpfO;D OD;onf &mxl;oufwrf; rukeq f ;Hk rD taMumif; wpfcck ak Mumifh
rdro d abmqE´tavsmuf &mxl;rS Ekwx f u G v
f v dk Qif xko d Ykd Ekwx f u G f
vkad Mumif; Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH pmjzihf wifjyNy;D &mxl;rSEw k xf u G f
Ekid of nf?
(c) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf
(1) vkyfief;wm0efukd ausyGefpGm rxrf;aqmifEkdifaom
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf
0efBuD;tm; &mxl;rSEkwfxGuf&ef ñTefMum;Ekdifonf/
ñTefMum;onfhtwkdif; vkdufemjcif;rjyKvQif wm0efrS
&yfp&J rnf?
 136
(2) &mxl;rS Ekwx f u
G &f rnfh okrYd [kwf wm0efrS &yfpcJ &H rnfh
wyfrawmfom; wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D ESihf
ywfoufvQif wyfrawmf umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyEf iS hf ñSEd iId ;f
aqmif&u G &f rnf/
(*) &mxl;rSEw k x f u G jf cif;aMumifjh zpfap? wm0efr&S yfpcJ &H jcif;aMumihf
jzpfap? uG,v f eG jf cif;aMumifjh zpfap? tjcm;taMumif; wpfcck ak Mumifh
jzpfapwkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f 0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D
&mxl; ae&mvpfvyfvQif Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf 0efBu;D rsm; ceft Y yfwm0ef
ay;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f í zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg oufqidk &f m
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit fh nD vpfvyfonfh &mxl;ae&mwGif jznfph u G cf efY
xm;Ekid o
f nf/ xko d Ykd jznfph uG f cefx Y m;jcif;cH&onfh yk*K¾d v\f &mxl;
oufwrf;onf Ekid if aH wmfor®w\use&f o dS nfh &mxl;oufwrf;
twGuo f m jzpfap&rnf?
(C) (1) wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;onf EkdifiHh
0efxrf;jzpfvQif wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f 0efBu;D
tjzpf ceft Y yfjcif;cH&onfah eYrpS í wnfq0J efxrf; pnf;rsO;f
pnf;urf;rsm;ESit fh nD Ekid if 0hH efxrf;tjzpfrS tNird ;f pm;
,lNy;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
(2) wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,ftpkd;&tzGJUrsm;\
vk H N cKH a &;ES i h f e,f p yf a&;&m 0ef B uD ; Xmersm;wG i f
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D tjzpf cefx Y m;jcif;
cH&aomwyfrawmfom;rsm;onf wyfrawmfrS tNird ;f pm;
,l&ef okrYd [kwf Ekwx f uG &f efrvk/d
 137
(i) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyEf iS fh 0efBu;D rsm;\ wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf idk cf iG rfh sm;? &ykid cf iG rhf sm;udk Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
25/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyEf iS fh 0efBu;D wd\ Yk tqifo h wfrw S jf cif;ESifh
pyfvsO;f Ny;D wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyEf iS hf 0efBu;D wk\ Yd wm0ef?
vkyyf idk f cGiEfh iS fh &ykid cf iG rfh sm;ukd Oya'jzihf jy|mef;onft h cg rSjD irf;jyKEidk af &;twGuf
wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfukd jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;tqifh
owfrw S of nf/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D udk 'kw, d 0efBu;D tqihf
owfrw S of nf/
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpd;k &tzGUJ ½k;H
26/ wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,ftaxGaxGtkyfcsKyfa&;Xme tBuD;tuJESihf
ywfoufNyD; wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,ftaxGaxGtkyfcsKyfa&;Xme
tBuD;tuJonf &mxl; tavsmuf oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf
jynfe,ftpk;d &tzJUJG \ twGi;f a&;rSL; jzpfonf/ xkt Yd jyif wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,ftaxGaxG tkycf sKyaf &;Xmeonf oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,ftpk;d & tzGUJ ½k;H vnf; jzpfonf/
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyf
27/ wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fa&SUaecsKyf tac:ta0:ESifhpyfvsOf;NyD;
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKy[ f k ac:a0:&rnf/
28/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyf ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf Oya'tBuÓ H Pfrsm;
&,lEidk &f efEiS fh Oya'qkid &f m wm0efrsm;ay;Ekid &f ef vTwaf wmf uk, d pf m;vS,f
rsm;xJujzpfap? vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f r[kwfolrsm;xJujzpfap
atmufazmfjyyg t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o Hk w l pfO;D OD;tm; wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okdYr[kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyftjzpf cefYtyfwm0efay;Ekdifa&;twGuf
 138
oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfodkYwifjy
oabmwlncD su&f ,lí Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjy&rnf -
(1) touf 40 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(2) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrw S x f m;onfh t&nf
tcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o
Hk ?l
(3) (uu) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftqihx f uf redrahf om
w&m;a&;0efxrf; odkYr[kwf Oya'0efxrf;&mxl;wGif
tenf;qk;H ig;ESpw f m0ef xrf;aqmifco hJ l okrYd [kwf c½kid f
tqihfxuf redrfhaom w&m;a&;0efxrf; okdYr[kwf
Oya'0efxrf;&mxl;wGif tenf;qkH; 10 ESpf wm0ef
xrf;aqmifco hJ l okrYd [kwf
( c c ) w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae (Advocate) jzpfvQif tenf;qk;H
15 ESpf trIvu dk yf gaqmif&u G cf o
hJ ?l
(4) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if oH m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d /l
(c) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyt f jzpf
wm0efay;tyf&ef oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f
0efBu;D csKyu f oufqidk &f m vTwaf wmf\ oabmwlncD sujf zifh wifjyvm
onfhyk*d¾Kvftm; wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyftjzpf
ceft Y yfwm0efay;&rnf/
(*) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyt f wGuf owfrw S x f m;aom
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf rjynfph aHk Mumif; txift&Sm;rjyEkid yf gu oufqidk &f m
wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfonf oufqkdif&m
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyu f trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f onfh
 139
yk*K¾d vt f m; wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyt f jzpf ceft Y yf
wm0efay;&ef jiif;y,fciG hf r&Sad p&/
(C) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fOya'csKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ oabmwlncD surf &&So d nfh yk*K¾d vt f pm; trnf
pm&if;opfudk oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd
xyfrH wifoiG ;f cGi&fh o dS nf/
(i) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyo f nf oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d & tzGUJ 0ifjzpfonf/
(p) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyo f nf -
(1) oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyrf w S pfqifh
Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm; wm0efc&H rnf?
(2) jynf a xmif p k a&S U aecsKyf t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? ouf q k d i f & m
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyt f m;vnf;aumif;
wm0efc&H rnf/
(q) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyt f m; pGypf jJG ypfwif&efupd ö
ay:aygufvQif wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf
0efBu;D wpfO;D OD;tm; pGypf jJGypfwif&ef zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;
ESit hf nD aqmif&u G &f rnf/
(Z) &mxl;rSEw k x f u G jf cif;? wm0efr&S yfpjJ cif;? vpfvyfonf&h mxl;ae&mwGif
jznfph u G f cefx Y m;jcif;? Ekid if 0hH efxrf;jzpfygu tNird ;f pm;,lNy;D jzpfonf[k
rSw, f jl cif;wkEYd iS hf pyfvsO;f í wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf
okrYd [kwf 0efBu;D rsm;twGuf owfrw S x
f m;onfh zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;onf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKyEf iS v fh nf;
oufqidk af p&rnf/
 140
(ps) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKy\ f wm0efrsm;? vkyyf idk cf iG rfh sm;?
&ykid cf iG hf rsm;ukd Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
29/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKy\ f tqifo h wfrw S jf cif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'csKy\ f wm0ef? vkyyf idk cf iG ?hf &ykid cf iG rfh sm;ukd
Oya'jzifh jy|mef;owfrw S of nft h cg rSjD irf;jyKEidk af &;twGuf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fOya'csKy\ f tqihu f kd wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D tqifh
owfrw S o
f nf/
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyf
30/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyf tac:ta0:ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKy[ f k ac:a0:&rnf/
31/ wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyf cefYtyfwm0efay;jcif;ESifh
pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f t&tok;H aiGpm&if;rsm;ukd ppfaq;í
oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYdk wifjyEkid &f ef
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf vTwaf wmf uk, d pf m;vS,f
rsm;xJujzpfap? vTwfawmf ukd,fpm;vS,f r[kwfolrsm;xJujzpfap
atmufazmfjyygt&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o Hk l wpfO;D OD;tm; wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,f pm&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpf ceft Y yfwm0ef ay;Ekid af &;twGuf
oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYdk wifjyoabm
wlncD su&f ,lí Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjy&rnf -
(1) touf 40 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(2) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrw S xf m;onfh t&nf
tcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o
Hk ?l
 141
(3) (uu) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppf t&m&Sx d uf
redrahf om &mxl;wGif tenf;qk;H ig;ESpaf qmif&u G cf ohJ l
okrYd [kwf c½kid t f qihf pm&if;ppft&m&Sx d uf redrahf om
&mxl;wGif tenf;qk;H 10 ESpf aqmif&u G cf o hJ l okrYd [kwf
( c c ) rSwyf w Hk ifpm&if;ukid f odrYk [kwf vufrw S &f jynfopYl m&if;
ukid t f jzpf tenf;qk;H 15 ESpf aqmif&u G cf ohJ ?l
(4) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d ?l
(c) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpf
wm0efay;tyf&ef oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f
0efBu;D csKyu f oufqidk &f mvTwaf wmf\ oabmwlncD sujf zihf wifjyvm
onfyh *k K¾d vt f m; wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpf
ceft Y yfwm0efay;&rnf?
(*) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyt f wGuf owfrw S xf m;aom
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf rjynfph aHk Mumif; txift&Sm;rjyEkid yf gu oufqidk &f m
wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfonf oufqkdif&m
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyu f trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f
onfyh *k K¾d vt f m; wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if; ppfcsKyt f jzpf
ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef jiif;y,fciG rhf &Sad p&?
(C) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,f pm&if;ppfcsKyt f jzpfceft
Y yfwm0efay;&efwikd ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ oabmwlncD surf &&So d nhf yk*Kd¾ vtf pm; trnf
pm&if;opfukd oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd
xyfrH wifoiG ;f cGi&fh o dS nf/
 142
(i) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyo f nf -
(1) oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyrf w S pfqifh
Ekid if aH wmf or®wtm;wm0efc&H rnf?
(2) jynfaxmifpkpm&if;ppfcsKyftm;vnf;aumif;? oufqkdif&m
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyt f m;vnf;aumif;
wm0efc&H rnf/
(p) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyt f m; pGypf jJG ypfwif&efupd ö
ay:aygufvQif wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D
wpfO;D OD;tm; pGypf jJGypfwif&ef zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD
aqmif&u G &f rnf/
(q) &mxl;rSEw k x f u G jf cif;? wm0efr&S yfpjJ cif;? vpfvyfonfh &mxl;ae&mwGif
jznfph u G f cefx Y m;jcif;? Ekid if 0Hh efxrf;jzpfygu tNird ;f pm;,lNy;D jzpfonf[k
rSw, f jl cif;wkEYd iS hf pyfvsO;f í wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyf
odrYk [kwf 0efBu;D rsm; twGuf owfrw S x f m;onfh zGUJ pnf;yktH ajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;onf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKyEf iS v hf nf;
oufqidk af p&rnf/
(Z) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKy\ f wm0efrsm;? vkyyf idk cf iG rhf sm;?
&ykid cf iG rhf sm;udk Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
32/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKy\ f tqiho f wfrw S jf cif;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fpm&if;ppfcsKy\ f wm0ef? vkyyf idk cf iG ?fh &ykid cf iG rfh sm;ukd
Oya'jzifh jy|mef;owfrw S of nft h cg rSjD irf;jyKEidk af &;twGuf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f pm&if;ppfcsKy\ f tqihu f dk wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D tqihf
owfrw S of nf/
 143
uk,
d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ ESihf uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ
33/ uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'otkycf sKyaf &;tzGUJ
tac:ta0:ESifh pyfvsOf;NyD; ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&wkdif; okdYr[kwf ukd,fykdif
tkycf sKycf iG &fh a'o tkycf sKyaf &;tzGUJ ukd uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ okrYd [kwf
uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ [k ac:a0:ok;H EIe;f onf/
34/ uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ ESifh uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ
zGUJ pnf;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f ESifh uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'owko Yd nf uk, d yf idk f
tkycf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifprk sm;jzpfMuonft h m;avsmpf mG tqift h wef; wlnMD u
onf?
(c) uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f ESifh uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'orsm;wGif uk, d yf idk f
tkycf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ ESihf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ rsm;
toD;oD; zGUJ pnf;xm;&So d nf/ ,if;OD;pD;tzGUJ rsm;onf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccH
Oya't& cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onfh Oya'jyKa&;tmPmukv d nf; usio hf ;Hk onf?
(*) uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ okrYd [kwf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ wGif tzGUJ 0ifO;D a& tenf;qk;H 10 OD;yg0ifap&rnf?
(C) uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ okrYd [kwf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ ukd atmufygyk*K¾d vrf sm;jzifh zJUJG pnf;&rnf/
(1) ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& wkdif; okdYr[kwf ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&
a'otwGi;f &Sd NrKd Ue,frsm;rS a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufxm;aom
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;?
(2) vkNH cKaH &;wm0efjzpfap? e,fpyfa&;&mwm0efjzpfap ay;tyfEidk &f ef
wyfrawmf umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f Oya'ESit hf nD trnfpm&if;
wifoiG ;f onfh wyfrawmfom; uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;?
(3) tyd'k cf JG (1) ESihf (2) yg yk*K¾d vrf sm;u a&G;cs,jf znfph u G cf efx Y m;onfh
uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;/
 144
(i) txuftyd'k f (C) tyd'k cf JG (1) ESihf (2) yg uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wkid ;f odrYk [kwf
uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o OD;pD;tzGUJ 0ifrsm;onf rdrw d t Ykd csi;f csi;f ñ§Ed iId ;f vsuf
uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wkid ;f okrYd [kwf uk, d yf idk f tkycf sKycf iG &fh a'otwGi;f &Sd
NrKd Ue,frsm;rS a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufxm;aom vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;
teuf oifah vsmo f w l pfO;D tm; uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f Ouú| okrYd [kwf
uk, d yf idk f tkycf sKycf iG &fh a'oOuú|tjzpf a&G;cs,&f rnf/ xko d Ydk a&G;cs,o f nfh
yk*K¾d v\ f trnfpm&if;ukd oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
0efBu;D csKyrf S wpfqifh Edik if aH wmfor®wxH wifjy&rnf?
(p) EkdifiHawmfor®wonf trnfpm&if; wifoGif;vmonfh yk*d¾Kvftm;
oufqidk &f m uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f Ouú| odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh
a'oOuú| tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&rnf?
(q) uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f Ouú| odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o
Ouú|onf &mxl;tavsmuf oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf
jynfe,f0efBu;D jzpfonf/ odjYk zpfí wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
0efBuD;ESifhpyfvsOf;NyD; cefYxm;onfh enf;vrf;rSty zGJUpnf;ykHtajccH
Oya'wGiyf g&So d nfh jy|mef;csurf sm;onf uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f Ouú|
odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o Ouú|ESiv hf nf; oufqidk af p&rnf?
(Z) oufqidk &f m uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f Ouú| odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh
a'oOuú|ESihf OD;pD;tzGUJ 0ifrsm;onf
(1) oufqkdif&m ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& wkdif; odkYr[kwf ukd,fykdif
tkycf sKycf iG &fh a'otwGi;f aexkid Mf uonfh oufqidk &f muk, d yf idk f
tkycf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o&&SNd y;D aom
wkid ;f &if;om; vlrsKd ;rsm;rSty usew f idk ;f &if;om; vlrsKd ;rsm;teuf
avsmu f efoihjf rwfaom vlO;D a&jzpfonfh vlO;D a& tenf;qk;H
10000 ESihftxuf&SdaMumif; oufqkdif&mu owfrSwfonfh
 145
wk d i f ; &if ; om;vl r sd K ;rsm;&S d v Qif ,if ; wd k i f ; &if ; om;vl r sd K ;
uk, d pf m;vS,w f pfO;D uspu D dk OD;pD;tzJUG 0iftjzpf a&G;cs,cf efx Y m;
&rnf/ ,if;okYd a&G;cs,cf efx Y m;jcif;cH&aom OD;pD;tzJUG 0ifonf
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuf owfrw S x f m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph &Hk rnf?
(2) uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh
a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ wGif tzGUJ 0ifO;D a& 10 OD;rjynfah o;ygu tzGUJ 0ifO;D a&
tenf;qkH; 10 OD; jynfhap&ef vkdtyfonfh tzGJU0ifOD;a&ukd
oufqkdif&m ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& wkdif; odkYr[kwf ukd,fykdif
tkyfcsKyfcGihf& a'otwGif; aexkdifolrsm;xJrS wkdif;a'oBuD;
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrw S f
xm;onhf t&nftcsif;rsm;ESifh jynfhpkHaomoihfavsmfonfh
yk*K¾dvrf sm;tm; rdrw d o Ydk abm qE´tavsmuf a&G;cs,cf efx Y m;&rnf/
(ps) wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyo f nf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f OD;pD;tzJUG ESihf
uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ wkw Yd iG f OD;pD;tzGUJ 0if pkpak ygif;\
av;ykHwpfykH jzpfonfh OD;pD;tzJGU0ifOD;a&ukd wyfrawmfom;rsm;jzifh
vkt
d yfovkd jznfph u G w f m0ef ay;Ekid o f nf?
(n) uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f okrYd [kwf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o OD;pD;
tzGUJ 0ifrsm; tjzpf wm0efay;tyf&ef wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f
Oya'ESifhtnD trnfpm&if;wifoGif;onfh wyfrawmfom;rsm;onf
wkdif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;\
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph &Hk rnf?
 146
(#) (1) oufqidk &f m uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ Ouú| odrYk [kwf
uk, d yf idk f tkycf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ Ouú|onf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG fh
&wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ 0ifrsm;\
trnfpm&if;ukd aMunm&rnf?
(2) ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& wkdif; odkYr[kwf ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&
a'oOD;pD; tzGUJ Ouú|onf oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyt f m; vnf;aumif;? oufqidk &f m 0efBu;D csKyrf S
wpfqifh Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm;vnf;aumif; wm0efc&H rnf?
(3) ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& wkdif; odkYr[kwf ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&
a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ 0ifrsm;onf ,if;wk\ Yd Ouú|tm; wm0efc&H rnf?
(4) uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;
tzGJUOuú|ESihf tzGJU0ifwkdYESifhywfoufí &mxl;oufwrf;
owfrSwfjcif;? ta&;,ljcif;? &mxl;rSEkwfxGufjcif;? wm0efrS
&yfpjJ cif;? vpfvyf&mxl; ae&mrsm;wGif jznfph u G cf efx Y m;jcif;wkYd
twGuf Oya'jy|mef; owfrw S af y;&rnf/
(X) uk,d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOuú|ESifh
OD;pD; tzJUG 0ifw\ Ydk wm0efrsm;? vkyyf idk cf iG rfh sm;? &ykid cf iG rfh sm;ukd Oya'jy|mef;í
owfrw S af y;&rnf?
 147
uk,
d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzJUG ½k;H
(!) oufqikd &f m uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o
taxGaxGtyk cf sKyaf &;Xme tBu;D tuJonf &mxl;tavsmuf uk, d yf idk f
tkycf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD;tzJUG \
twGi;f a&;rSL; tjzpf aqmif&u G &f rnf/ xkjYd yif uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f
odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'o taxGaxGtyk cf sKyaf &;Xmeonf
oufqidk &f m uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f odrYk [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh
a'oOD;pD;tzJUG ½k;H vnf;jzpfonf/
jynfaxmifpek ,fajrjzpfonfh aejynfawmftyk cf sKyaf &;
35/ jynfaxmifpek ,fajrjzpfonfh aejynfawmftyk cf sKyaf &;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfaxmifpek ,fajrjzpfonfh aejynfawmfwiG f þzJUG pnf;yHk tajccHOya'
tmPmoufa&mufonfah eYü wnf&adS eaom aejynfawmf pnfyifom,m
a&; e,ferd w d tf wGi;f &Sd c½kid Ef iS hf NrKd Ue,frsm;tm;vH;k yg0ifonf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpek ,fajrjzpfonfh aejynfawmf twGi;f &Sd
c½kid Ef iS hf NrKd Ue,frsm;ukd vkt d yfovkd jyifqifowfrw S f Edik o f nf?
(*) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf -
(1) aejynfawmfaumifpD (Nay Pyi Taw Council) wpf&yfudk zJUG pnf;
xm;&S&d rnf?
(2) owfrw S x f m;aom t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESijhf ynfph o kH nfh yk*K¾ v d rf sm;ukd
aejynfawmf aumifpOD uú|ESihf aumifp0D ifrsm; tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0ef
ay;&rnf?
(3) jynfaxmifpek ,fajrjzpfonfh aejynfawmf\ vHNk cKH a&;qkid &f m
udpö&yfrsm;ukd nd§EIdif;aygif;pyfay;Edkifa&;twGuf aumifpD0if
okrYd [kwf aumifp0D ifrsm;tjzpf wm0efay;tyfEikd &f ef wyfrawmf
 148
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyx f rH S owfrw S t
f &nftcsi;f ESijhf ynfph oHk nhf
oihaf vsmaf om wyfrawmfom; okrYd [kwf wyfrawmfom;rsm;\
trnfpm&if;ukd &,l&rnf?
(4) aejynfawmfaumifpw D iG f Ouú|tygt0if tzJUG 0ifO;D a&ukd Oya'ESihf
tnD vkt d yfovkd owfrw S Ef ikd o
f nf/
(C) aejynfawmfaumifpD Ouú|ESihf aumifp0D ifrsm;onf atmufazmfjyyg
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph &kH rnf -
(1) touf 35 ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(2) toufuefYowfcsufrSty jynfolYvTwfawmf ukd,fpm;vS,f
twGuf owfrw S xf m;onfh t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o kH ?l
(3) Edik if aH wmfor®wu owfrw S af om tjcm;t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf
vnf; jynfph o kH /l
(i) aejynfawmfaumifpDOuú|onf EdkifiHawmfor®wtm;vnf;aumif;?
aumifp0D ifrsm;onf aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú|ESihf aejynfawmfaumifpD
Ouú|rS wpfqifh Edik if aH wmfor®wtm;vnf;aumif; wm0efc&H rnf?
(p) aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú|ESiahf umifp0D ifrsm;\ &mxl;oufwrf;? &mxl;rS
EkwfxGufcGifh? wm0efrS&yfpJjcif;ESifhvpfvyf&mxl;ae&mwGif jznfhpGuf
cefx
Y m;jcif;wkEYd iS hf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(1) aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú|ESihf aumifp0D ifw\ Ydk &mxl;oufwrf;
onf omreftm;jzifh Edik if aH wmfor®w\ &mxl;oufwrf;twkid ;f
jzpfonf?
 149
(2) aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú|ESihf aumifp0D ifwpfO;D OD;onf &mxl;
oufwrf; rukefqHk;rDtaMumif;wpfckckaMumifh rdrdoabm
qE´tavsmuf&mxl;rS Ekwx f u
G vf v
dk Qif xdo
k Ydk Ekwx f uG vf adk Mumif;
Edik if aH wmfor®wxH pmjzifh wifjyNy;D &mxl;rS Ekwx f uG Ef ikd o
f nf?
(3) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf -
(uu) ay;tyfonfh wm0efudk ausyeG pf mG rxrf;aqmifEikd af om
aejynfawmfaumifpDOuú| okdYr[kwf aumifpD0if
wpfOD;OD;tm; &mxl;rSEkwfxGuf&ef ñTefMum;Edkifonf/
ñTefMum;onhftwdkif; vdkufemjcif;rjyKvQif wm0efrS
&yfp&J rnf?
( c c ) &mxl;rS Ekwx f u
G &f rnfh okrYd [kwf wm0efrS &yfpcJ &H rnhf
wyfrawmfom; aejynfawmfaumifp0D ifEiS yhf wfoufvQif
wyfrawmfumuG,fa&; OD;pD;csKyfESifhnd§EIdif;aqmif&Guf
&rnf/
(4) &mxl;rSEw k xf uG jf cif;aMumifjh zpfap? wm0efr&S yfpcJ &H jcif;aMumifh
jzpfap? uG,v f eG jf cif;aMumifjh zpfap? tjcm;taMumif; wpfcck ak Mumifh
jzpfap aejynfawmfaumifpD Ouú| okrYd [kwf aumifp0D if&mxl;
ae&mvpfvyfvQif Edik if aH wmfor®wonf zJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú|topf okrYd [kwf
aumifp0D iftopftm; ceft Y yfwm0efay;Edik o f nf/ xko d Ydk ceft
Y yf
wm0efay;jcif; cH&onfh aejynfawmfaumifpDOuú|topf
okrYd [kwf aumifp0D iftopf\&mxl; oufwrf;onf Edik if aH wmf
or®w\use&f o dS nfh &mxl;oufwrf;twGuo f m jzpfap&rnf/
(q) aejynfawmfaumifpD Ouú|ESiahf umifp0D if wpfO;D OD;onf vTwaf wmf
wpf&yf&yf\ uk, d pf m;vS,jf zpfvQif aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú| okrYd [kwf
 150
aumifpD0iftjzpf cefYtyfwm0efay;jcif;cH&onfhaeYrSpí vTwfawmf
uk,d pf m;vS,t f jzpfrS Ekwx f uG Nf y;D jzpfonf[k rSw,
f &l rnf?
(Z) aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú|ESihf aumifp0D ifrsm;onf Edik if 0hH efxrf;jzpfvQif
aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú| okrYd [kwf aumifp0D iftjzpf ceft Y yfwm0ef
ay;jcif;cH&onfah eYrpS í wnfq0J efxrf;pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;ESit hf nD
EdkifiHh0efxrf;tjzpfrS tNidrf;pm;,lNyD; okdYr[kwf EkwfxGufNyD;jzpf
onf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
(ps) aejynf a wmf \ vH k N cH K a&;qk d i f & mud p ö & yf r sm;uk d aygif ; pyf n d § E I d i f ;
ay;Edkifa&;twGuf cefYtyfwm0efay;jcif;cH&onfh wyfrawmfom;
aejynfawmf aumifp0D if okrYd [kwf aumifp0D ifrsm;onf wyfrawmfrS
Ekwx f u G &f ef okrYd [kwf tNird ;f pm; ,l&efrvk?d
(n) aejynfawmf aumifpOD uú| okrYd [kwf aumifp0D ifwpfO;D OD;onf Edik if aH &;
ygwDwpfcck \ k tzJUG 0ifjzpfvQif aejynfawmfaumifpD Ouú| okrYd [kwf
aumifp0D iftjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;tyfjcif; cH&onfah eYrpS í rdr&d mxl;
oufwrf;twGi;f ,if;ygwD tzJUG tpnf;\ ygwDvyk if ef;rsm;wGif yg0if
aqmif&u G jf cif; rjyK&?
(#) aejynfawmfaumifpD zJUG pnf;jcif;? Ouú|ESiahf umifp0D ifrsm;\ wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf idk cf iG rhf sm;? &ykid cf iG rhf sm;ukd Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf?
(X) aejynfawmf taxGaxGtyk cf sKyaf &;Xme tBu;D tuJonf &mxl;tavsmuf
aejynfawmfaumifpD twGi;f a&;rSL;jzpfonf/ aejynfawmf taxGaxG
tkycf sKyaf &;Xmeonf aejynfawmfaumifp½D ;kH jzpfonf/
36/ aejynfawmfaumifpDOuú|\tqihfowfrSwfjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;NyD; aejynfawmf
aumifpOD uú|ESiahf umifp0D ifrsm;\wm0efrsm;? vkyyf idk cf iG rhf sm;? &ykid cf iG rhf sm;ukd
Oya'jy|mef;onft h cg rDjS irf;jyKEikd af &;twGuf aejynfawmfaumifpOD uú|ukd
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqifh owfrw S of nf/
 151
37/ c½dik tf qihEf iS fh NrKd Ue,ftqihw f \ Ykd tkycf sKyaf &;ESiphf yfvsO;f Ny;D c½dik t
f qihEf iS fh NrKd Ue,f
tqihw f \
Ykd tkycf sKyaf &;udk Edik if 0hH efxrf;rsm;tm; wm0efay; aqmif&u G af p&rnf/
38/ &yfuu G f odrYk [kwf aus;&Gmtkypf \ k tkycf sKyaf &;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D &yfuu G f odrYk [kwf
aus;&Gmtkypf \ k tkycf sKyaf &;udk &yf&mG u Munfñakd v;pm;Ny;D odum© orm"d&o dS nhf
yk*Kd¾ vwf pfO;D OD;udk Oya'ESit fh nD ceft Y yf wm0efay; aqmif&u G af p&rnf/
 tkycf sKyaf &;qkid &f mtmPmcGaJ 0rI

Sharing of the Executive Power

 153
tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f m tmPmcGaJ 0rI
Ekid if aH wmfor®w\wm0efEiS v fh yk yf idk cf iG rhf sm;
1/ EdkifiHawmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftm; wm0efcH&rnf/ 'kwd,
or®wrsm;onf Edik if aH wmfor®wtm;vnf;aumif;? Edik if aH wmfor®wrSwpfqihf
jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmftm; vnf;aumif; wm0efc&H rnf/
2/ zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya't&aomfvnf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yft&aomf
vnf;aumif; ay;tyfvmonfhwm0efrsm;udk xrf;aqmifEdkif&ef EdkifiHawmf
or®wOD;aqmifonhf trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;ESihfvHkNcHKa&;aumifpD (National
Defence and Security Council) udk atmufyg yk*Kd¾ vr f sm;jzihzf UJG pnf;onf -
( 1 ) Edik if aH wmfor®w
( 2 ) 'kw, d or®w
( 3 ) 'kw, d or®w
( 4 ) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|
( 5 ) trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfOuú|
( 6 ) wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf
( 7 ) 'kw, d wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf
(8) umuG,af &;0efBu;D Xme0efBu;D
( 9 ) Edik if jH cm;a&;0efBu;D Xme0efBu;D
(10) jynfxaJ &;0efBu;D Xme0efBu;D
(11) e,fpyfa&;&m0efBu;D Xme0efBu;D
3/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf -
(u) jypf'Pfvw G Nf ird ;f cGifh (Pardon) ay;ydik cf iG &fh o
dS nf?
(c) trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;ESihfvHkNcHKa&;aumifpD\axmufcHcsufESihftnD
vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGihf (Amnesty) ay;ydik cf iG &fh o dS nf/
 154
4/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf Oya'ESit fh nD -
(u) *kPfxl;aqmifbGJUrsm;? *kPfxl;aqmifwHqdyfrsm; csD;jr§ihftyfESif;jcif;
jyKEikd o
f nf?
(c) cs;D jri§ t fh yfEiS ;f xm;onhf *kPx f ;l aqmifbUJG rsm;? *kPx f ;l aqmifwq H yd rf sm;udk
jyefvnf ½kyo f rd ;f jcif;jyKEikd o f nf/
5/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf\ oabmwlncD sujf zihf Edik if jH cm;
wdik ;f jynfrsm;ESifh oHwrefqufo, G jf cif;? oHwreftquftoG,f jzwfawmufjcif;
jyKEikd o f nf/ odUk &mwGif csucf si;f ta&;,laqmif&u G &f ef vdt k yfonfh tajctaersKd ;ü
Edik if aH wmfor®wonf trsK;d om;umuG,af &;ESifh vHNk cKH a&;aumifpED iS fh n§Ed iId ;f vsuf
EdkifiHjcm;wdkif;jynfwpfckckESihf oHwreftquftoG,f jzwfawmufEdkifonf/
Edik if aH wmfor®wonf rdr\ d ta&;,laqmif&u G cf suu f kd jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfoUkd
wifjytwnfjyKcsuf &,l&rnf/
6/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf Oya'ESit fh nD -
(u) rdrEd ikd if \ H oHwrefrsm;udk cefUtyfjcif;? jyefvnfac:,ljcif; jyKEikd o f nf?
(c) Edik if jH cm; oHwrefrsm;tm; cefUtyf&ef oabmwlncD suaf y;jcif;? Edik if jH cm;
oHwrefrsm;tm; jyefvnfac:,l&ef taMumif;Mum;jcif; jyKEikd o f nf?
(*) Edik if jH cm;oHwrefrsm;\ cefUtyfvmT rsm;udk vufcjH cif;jyKonf/
7/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf Oya'ESit fh nD 0efxrf;tzGUJ tpnf; tBu;D tuJrsm;udk
cefUtyfjcif;? xkwyf ,fjcif;jyKEikd o f nf/
8/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf Oya'ESit fh nD -
(u) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf\ twnfjyKcsujf ziho f m tjynfjynfqikd &f m? a'o
qdkif&m odkUr[kwf EdkifiHtcsif;csif; pmcsKyfrsm;csKyfqdkjcif;? twnfjyK
aqmif&u G jf cif;? y,fzsujf cif;? pmcsKyrf sm;rS Ekwx f uG jf cif; jyK&rnf?
 155
(c) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\ twnfjyKcsu&f ,l&ef rvdt k yfaom tjynfjynf
qdik &f m? a'oqdik &f m odrYk [kwf Edik if t H csi;f csi;f pmcsKyrf sm;csKyq f jkd cif;?
twnfjyK aqmif&Gufjcif;? y,fzsufjcif;? pmcsKyfrsm;rSEkwfxGufjcif;
jyKEikd o
f nf/
9/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf Edik if aH wmf\ rl0g'rsm;ESifh Edik if aH wmf\ tajctaet&yf&yf
wdu Yk kd jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmftpnf;ta0;wGijf zpfap? jynfoUl vTwaf wmf odUk r[kwf
trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;wGijf zpfap? Edik if w H pf0ef;vH;k odjYk zpfap tcgtm;
avsmpf mG rdeUf cGe;f ajymMum;cGi?fh o0PfvmT ay;ydcYk iG &fh o dS nf/
10/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf vdt k yfvQif jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;
udjk zpfap? txl;tpnf;ta0;udjk zpfap ac:,lusi;f yay;&ef jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmf
em,utm; taMumif;Mum;Edik o f nf/
11/ (u) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;wpfcEk iS fh wpfck
tMum; Edik if aH wmf\ b@maiGt& toH;k qdik &f m udp&ö yfrsm;rSty csucf si;f
ta&;,l aqmif&u G &f efvtkd yfaom tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f mudp&ö yfrsm;twGuf
Oya'uJo h Ykd tmPmwnfaom trdeYf (Ordinance) udk xkwjf yefciG &fh o dS nf?
(c) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf yk'rf cGJ (u) t& xkwjf yefco hJ nhf Oya'uJo h Ykd
tmPmwnfaomtrdeUf udk ½kyo f rd ;f xm;jcif;r&Sv d Qif ,if;trdeYf xkwjf yef
onfh aeU&ufrS&ufaygif; (60) twGif; usif;yaomteD;uyfqHk;
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;odkY wifjyí twnfjyKcsuf&,l
&rnf/ &ufaygif; (60) twGi;f jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf tpnf;ta0;
usi;f y&efr&Sv d Qif jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf txl;tpnf;ta0;udk ac:,l
usi;f yapí twnfjyKcsu&f ,l&rnf?
(*) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf\ twnfjyKcsurf &&Sv d Qif Oya'uJo h Ukd tmPm
wnfaomtrdefUonf twnfrjyKonfhaeUrSpí tmPmwnfjcif;rS
&yfp&J rnf?
 156
(C) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\oabmwlncD sujf zihf
xdOk ya'uJo h tYkd mPmwnfaomtrdeu Yf kd vdt k yfaomumvtydik ;f tjcm;
txd qufvuftwnf jzpfapEdik o f nf?
(i) Oya'uJo h Ykd tmPmwnfaom trdex Yf w k jf yef aMunmonhaf eYrpS í
&ufaygif; (60) twGi;f ½kyo f rd ;f Ny;D jzpfapumrl xkOd ya'uJo h Ukd tmPm
wnfaomtrdeUf udk teD;uyfq;kH usi;f yrnfh jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;
ta0;odYk wifjy&rnf?
(p) Oya'uJo h t Ykd mPmwnfaomtrdeUf wGif þtajccHOya't& jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmf uqHk;jzwfydkifcGihfr&Sdaomjy|mef;csufyg&SdvQif ,if;jy|mef;
csuo f nf ysujf y,f&rnf/
12/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf -
(u) Edik if aH wmftm; usL;ausmw f u kd cf u kd jf cif;cH&vQif zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'ESifh
tnD zGJUpnf;xm;aom trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;ESihf vHkNcHKa&;aumifpD
ESin fh Ed§ idI ;f vsuf ppfa&;t& vdt k yfovdk aqmif&u G yf ikd cf iG &fh o
dS nf?
(c) rdr\ d aqmif&u G cf suuf kd jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf tpnf;ta0;usi;f y
aecsed jf zpfvQif ,if;tpnf;ta0;odw Yk ifjyí twnfjyKcsu&f ,l&rnf/
jynf a xmif p k v T w f a wmf tpnf ; ta0;usif ; yaecsd e f r [k w f v Qif
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfta&;ay: tpnf;ta0;ac:,lapí wifjy
twnfjyKcsu&f ,l&rnf?
(*) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\ oabmwlncD sujf zifo h m ppfaMunmEdik o f nf?
ppfajyNird ;f Edik o f nf/
13/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu twnfjyKjy|mef;onfOh ya'rsm;udk
zGUJ pnf;yHk tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit fh nD ta&;,laqmif&u G Nf y;D vufrwS f
a&;xd;k &rnf/ ,if;odYk vufrw S af &;xd;k Ny;D aomOya'rsm;udk Edik if aH wmfjyefwrf;wGif
xkwjf yefaMunm&rnf/
 157
14/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf þzGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't&aomfvnf;aumif;? Oya'
wpf&yf&yf t&aomfvnf;aumif;rdrt d m; tyfEiS ;f xm;onfw h m0efEiS fh vkyyf ikd cf iG fh
rsm;udk usio hf ;kH aqmif&u
G &f mwGif odw Yk nf;r[kwf usio hf ;kH aqmif&u G o
f nhf taejzifh
jyKcahJ om jyKvyk rf t I wGuf rnfonfv h w T af wmf? rnfonfw h &m;½H;k wGirf Q ajz&Si;f &ef
wm0efr&Sad p&/ od&Yk mwGif þuJo h Ykd wm0efr&Sad pjcif;onf Edik if aH wmf or®wtm;
zGUJ pnf;yHtk ajccHOya'yg pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f onfh jy|mef;csurf sm;ESifh
oufqikd jf cif; r&Sad p&/
 158
jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &\tkycf sKyrf t I cGit fh mPm
1/ zJUG pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf rqefUusiv f Qif jynfaxmifp\ k tkycf sKyrf I
tmPmonf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfu Oya'jyKEkdifaom tkyfcsKyfrIqkdif&m
udp&ö yfrsm;okUd vnf; oufa&mufysUH ESUH onf/
2/ zJUG pnf;yktH ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf rqefUusiaf pbJ jynfaxmifp\ k tkycf sKyf
rItmPmonf Ekid if aH wmfor®wü wnf&o dS nf/ þpum;&yfaMumifh jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfonf tmPmykid t f zJUG tpnf; wpf&yf&yftm;vnf;aumif;? tmPmykid f
yk*Kd¾vwf pfO;D OD;tm;vnf;aumif; wm0efEiS v hf yk yf idk cf iG rhf sm;ay;tyfjcif; rjyKEid k [f rk rSwf
,l&/ xkjYd yif ,if;pum;&yfaMumifh wnfqOJ ya'rsm;t& oufqidk &f m tmPmykid f
tzJUG tpnf; wpf&yf&yftm;jzpfap? oufqikd &f mtmPmydik f yk*Kd¾vf wpfO;D OD;tm;jzpfap
tyfEiS ;f xm;onfh wm0efEiS v hf yk yf idk cf iG rhf sm;ukd Edik if aH wmfor®wtm; vTaJ jymif;ay;tyf
onf[v k nf; rrSw, f &l /
3/ (u) jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &\ tkycf sKyaf &;qkid &f m ta&;,laqmif&u G cf sut f m;vk;H
ukd Edik if aH wmfor®w\ trnfjzifh ta&;,laqmif&u G o
f nf[k azmfjy&rnf?
(c) Ekid if aH wmfor®w\trnfjzifh xkwjf yefaom trdeUf rsm;ESihf csKyq f adk om
pmcsKypf mwrf;rsm;ukd Ekid if aH wmfor®wujy|mef;onfeh nf;Oya'rsm;wGif
azmfjyxm;aom enf;vrf;rsm;ESifhtnD jzpfap&rnf/ xkdYjyif xkdokdY
aqmif&u G xf m;onft h rdeYf okUd r[kwf pmcsKypf mwrf;rsm;onf Edik if aH wmf
or®w\trdeYf odrYk [kwf pmcsKyf pmwrf; r[kwaf omaMumifh rckid v f [
Hk k
jiif;qkyd idk cf iG hf r&Sad p&?
(*) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf rdr\ d oabmtwkid ;f aqmif&u G &f ef þzJUG pnf;ykH
tajccH Oya'u jy|mef;xm;onfu h pd &ö yfrsm;rSty jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &u
aqmif&u G cf iG &hf adS om udp&ö yfrsm;twGuv f nf;aumif;? tqkyd gudp&ö yfrsm;
ukd jynfaxmifpk tpk;d &0efBu;D rsm;tm; cJaG 0tyfEiS ;f &ef vnf;aumif;?
 159
Oya'wpf&yf&yft& aqmif&u G &f ef wm0ef&adS om yk*Kd¾ vt f m; cJaG 0tyfEiS ;f
&efvnf;aumif; vkt d yfonhf enf;Oya'rsm;jy|mef;cGi&hf o dS nf?
(C) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf txufygjy|mef;csurf sm;\ a,bk,soabmukd
rxdcdkufapbJ rdrd\wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;ukde,fajra'otvkdufjzpfap?
tpk;d &Xmeqkid &f mvkyif ef;tvku d jf zpfap cJaG 0tyfEiS ;f Ekid o f nf/
4/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &onf Ekid if aH wmfwnfNird af &;? &yf&mG at;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf
w&m;Oya'pk;d rk;d a&;ukd xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smufonf/
5/ jynfaxmifpktpkd;&onf zJGUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnD
jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &\rl0g'rsm;ukcd srw S &f rnf/ ,if;rl0g'rsm;ESit hf nD vkt d yfaom
pDru H ed ;f rsm;ukd a&;qJí G jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\oabmwlncD sujf zifh taumif
txnfazmf aqmif&u G &f rnf/
6/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &onf b@ma&;aumfr&SiEf iS hf ndE§ idI ;f &&So d nfh jynfaxmifp\ k
ESppf Of t&tok;H cefrY eS ;f ajc aiGpm&if;tay: tajcjyKvsuf jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiG
t&tok;H qkid &f mOya'Murf;ukad &;qJí G zJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuf
rsm;ESit hf nD jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmfow Ydk ifoiG ;f twnfjyKcsuf &,l&rnf/
7/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &onf rdrw d ifoiG ;f onfh jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiGt& tok;H
qkdif&m Oya'Murf;ukd b@ma&;ESpfrukefqkH;rD jynfaxmifpk vTwfawmfu
jy|mef;jcif; rjyKEidk v f Qif jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu aemufq;Hk jy|mef;xm;onfh
jynfaxmifp\ k b@maiGt& tok;H qkid &f mOya'yg omreftok;H p&dwf cGijhf yKcsuf
abmiftwGi;f ok;H pJcG iG &hf o dS nf/
8/ jynfaxmifpktpkd;&onf zJGUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnD
jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmfu Oya'jyKEidk af om udp&ö yfrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í vkt d yfonfh
Oya'Murf;ukd jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoUdk wifoiG ;f Ekid of nf/
9/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &tzJUG \ 0efBu;D Xmersm;onf ,if;wkUd \ vufatmuf&dS tpk;d &
Xme? tpk;d & tzJUG tpnf;rsm;u vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;ukd aqmif&u G Mf u&mwGif
 160
zJUG pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nDjzpfap&efvnf;aumif;? wnfqJ
Oya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD jzpfap&efvnf;aumif; pDrcH efUcJjG cif;? vrf;nTejf cif;?
Bu;D Muyfjcif;? ppfaq;jcif; jyK&rnf/
10/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &onf wkid ;f a'oBu;D tpk;d &? jynfe,ftpk;d &ESihf uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKyf
cGi&hf pD&ifpOk ;D pD;tzJUG wkUd uvkyif ef;rsm;ukd taumiftxnfazmf aqmif&u G Mf u&mwGif
xda&mufatmifjrifr&I adS pa&;twGuf aygif;pyfnE§d iId ;f ay;onf/
11/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &onf zJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qkid &f m tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;ESihf e,ferd w d f
jyifqif owfrw S af &;qkid &f m tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;rSty
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D ESijhf ynfe,ftMum;? wkid ;f a'oBu;D tcsi;f csi;f ? jynfe,f
tcsi;f csi;f ? wkid ;f a'oBu;D okUd r[kwf jynfe,fEiS u hf , dk yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD
&ifpt k Mum;? uk, d yf idk f tkycf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpt
k csi;f csi;f jzpfymG ;onfh tkycf sKyrf I
qkid &f m tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í aygif;pyfnE§d idI ;f ajz&Sif;ay;jcif;?
vkdtyfvQif tqkH;tjzwfay;jcif; jyKonf?
(c) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fEiS hf jynfaxmifpek ,fajrtMum;? ud, k yf ikd f
tkycf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpEk iS hf jynfaxmifpek ,fajrtMum; jzpfymG ;onft h yk cf sKyaf &;
qdkif&m tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf;íaygif;pyfnd§EdIif;ajz½Sif;ay;jcif;?
vdt k yfvQif tqk;H tjzwf ay;jcif;jyKonf/
12/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &onf Oya'ESit hf nD
(u) jynfaxmifpq k idk &f m0efxrf;tzJUG tpnf;rsm;ukd vkt d yfovkzd UGJ pnf;Ekid o f nf/
,if;okYd zJUG pnf;&mwGif vkyif ef;wm0efEiS v hf yk yf idk cf iG rhf sm;ukd owfrw S af y;
&rnf?
(c ) vkt d yfaom 0efxrf;rsm;ukd ceft Y yfEidk o
f nf/
 161
13/ jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &onf
(u) jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfutcgtm;avsmpf mG csrwS o f nfh tkycf sKyaf &;qkid &f m
qk;H jzwfcsurf sm;ukd taumiftxnfazmf aqmif&u G &f rnf/ rdr\ d ta&;,l
aqmif&u G cf surf sm;ukd jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmfoYdk jyefvnf tpD&ifc&H rnf?
(c) Edik if aH wmf\ tajctaet&yf&yfEiS hf pyfvsO;f í jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYdk
tcg tm;avsmpf mG wifjy&rnf/

wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &\tkycf sKyrf t I cGit fh mPm

1/ zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESirhf qefu Y sivf Qif wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,ftpd;k &\ tkycf sKyrf t I mPmonf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfu Oya'jyKEidk af om udp&ö yfrsm;okYd oufa&mufysUH ESUH onf/ xkjYd yif
jynfaxmifpOk ya'wpf&yf&yft& wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &tm;
aqmif&u G cf iG jhf yKonfh udp&ö yfrsm;okv
Yd nf; oufa&mufysUH ESUH onf/
2/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &onf jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &u Ekid if aH wmf
wnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;wkdYukd
xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smuf&mwGif uln&D efwm0ef&o dS nf/
3/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &onf jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &u csrw S x f m;
onfh rl0g'rsm;ESiahf omfvnf;aumif;? jynfaxmifpk Oya'rsm;ESiahf omfvnf;aumif;
rqefu Y siaf pbJ wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f taumiftxnfazmf
aqmif&Gufrnfh vkyfief;rsm;ESifhpyfvsOf;onfh pDrHudef;rsm;ukd oufqkdif&m
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ oabmwlncD sujf zifh taumif
txnfazmf aqmif&u G &f rnf/
4/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &onf zJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuf
rsm;ESit hf nD jynfaxmifp\ k ESppf Of t&tok;H cefrY eS ;f ajc aiGpm&if;tay:
tajcjyKvsuf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f\ b@maiG t&tok;H qkid &f m
 162
Oya'Murf;ukd jy|mef;ay;Ekid af &;twGuf oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYdk wifoiG ;f &rnf/
5/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &onf rdrw d ifoiG ;f onfh wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,f\ b@maiG t&tok;H qkid &f m Oya'Murf;ukd b@ma&;ESpf
rukeq f ;Hk rD oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu jy|mef;jcif;
rjyKEidk vf Qif wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu aemufq;Hk jy|mef;xm;
onfh wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f\b@maiGt&tok;H qkid &f m Oya'yg
omreftok;H p&dwf cGijhf yKcsuf abmiftwGi;f ok;H pJcG iG &hf o dS nf/
6/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &onf zJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuf
rsm;ESit hf nD wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fOya'jyKpm&if;yg udp&ö yfrsm;ESihf
pyfvsO;f í vkt d yfonfh Oya'Murf;ukd wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYdk
wifoiG ;f Ekid o f nf/
7/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &onf -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D Xmersm;ESihf ,if;wk\ Yd vufatmuf
tpk;d &Xmersm;? tzJUG tpnf;rsm;\ vkyif ef;aqmif&u G rf rI sm;ukd zJUG pnf;ykH
tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nDjzpfap&efvnf;aumif;? wnfqJ
Oya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf tnDjzpfap&efvnf;aumif; pDrcH efcY jGJ cif;?
vrf;ñTejf cif;? Bu;D Muyfjcif;? ppfaq;jcif; jyK&rnf?
(c) rdrd wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f wm0efxrf;aqmifvsuf
½Sad om e,fbuf0efxrf;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ vkyif ef;aqmif½u G rf rI sm;udk
vnf; Oya'ESit hf nD Bu;D Muyfjcif;? ppfaq;jcif;? aygif;pyfnEd§ idI ;f ay;jcif;
jyKEidk of nf/
 163
8/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpd;k &onf Edik if 0hH efxrf;qdik &f m jynfaxmifpk
Oya'ESit hf nDvnf;aumif;? jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &ESihf BuKd wifnEd§ iId ;f ívnf;aumif;
rdrw d m0ef,l taumiftxnfazmf&onfh vkyif ef;rsm;udk aqmif½u G Ef idk &f ef -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fqikd &f m e,fbuf0efxrf;tzGUJ tpnf;
rsm;udk vdtk yfovdk zGUJ pnf;Ekid o
f nf?
( c ) vdt k yfaom e,fbuf0efxrf;rsm;udk ceft Y yfEidk o f nf/
9/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpd;k &onf -
(u) oufqikd &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu tcgtm;
avsmpf mG csrwS o
f nfh tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f m qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;udk taumif
txnfazmf aqmif½Guf&rnf/ rdrd\ta&;,laqmif½Gufcsufrsm;udk
oufqikd &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd jyefvnf
tpD&ifc&H rnf?
(c) rdred ,fajra'o\ tajctaet&yf&yfEiS phf yfvsO;f onft h pD&ifcpH mudk
jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &ESihf oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfoYkd wifjy&rnf/
10/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftpd;k &onf jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &u tcgtm;
avsmpf mG ay;tyfvmonfh vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;udk xrf;aqmif&rnf/

uk,d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGYJ okrYd [kwf uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'oOD;pD; tzGUJ rsm;\
tkycf sKyrf tI cGit fh mPm
1/ zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESirhf qefu Y siv f Qif ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf
wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzG\ YJ ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKyrf I
tmPmonf atmufygudp&ö yfrsm;odYk oufa&mufysUH ESo YH nf -
(u) ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd f tkycf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ u Oya'jyKciG &hf o dS nfu h pd &ö yfrsm;?
 164
(c) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu jy|mef;onfh Oya'wpf&yf&yft& ud, k yf ikd f
tkycf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ tm;
aqmif&u G f cGijhf yKonfh udp&ö yfrsm;?
(*) oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu jy|mef;onfh
Oya'wpf&yf&yft& ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd f
tkycf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ tm; aqmif&u G cf iG jhf yKonfh udp&ö yfrsm;/
2/ ud,
k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ onf jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &u Edik if aH wmfwnfNird af &;? &yf&mG at;csr;f om,m
a&;ESihf w&m;Oya'pd;k rd;k a&;udk xde;f odr;f apmihaf &Smuf&mwGif uln&D ef wm0ef&o dS nf/
3/ ud,
k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ onf -
(u) jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &\ rl0g'rsm;ESirhf qefu Y siv f Qif rdred ,fajra'otwGi;f
bufpzkH UHG NzKd ; wd;k wufa&;twGuf taumiftxnfazmf aqmif&u G Ef ikd &f ef
vkyif ef;tpDtpOfrsm;udk a&;qGv J suf oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,ftpd;k &ESihf ñSEd iId ;f xm;&S&d rnf?
(c) ESppf Oft&toH;k cefrY eS ;f ajcaiGpm&if;udak &;qGv J suf zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccH Oya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
tpd;k &ESihf ñSEd idI ;f íoabmwlncD suf &,l&rnf?
(*) oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f\ b@maiG t&toH;k qdik &f m
Oya'yg rdrdESifhoufqdkifonfhcGifhjyKb@maiGudk owfrSwfxm;onfh
b@ma&;pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;ESit hf nD oH;k pGcJ iG &hf o dS nf?
(C) b@ma&;ESprf ukeq f ;kH rD oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfu b@maiGt&toH;k qdik &f mOya'udk jy|mef;jcif;rjyKEikd o f jzifh
oufqdkif&m wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,ftpdk;&xHrSb@maiG
t&toH;k qdik &f m cGijhf yKcsuu f kd tcsed rf rD &&Syd gu wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
 165
jynfe,fvw T af wmfu aemufq;kH jy|mef;xm;onfh b@maiG t&toH;k
qdik &f mOya'yg cGijhf yKxm;onfh omreftoH;k p&dwf abmiftwGi;f oH;k pGcJ iG hf
&So
d nf/
4/ ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;
tzGUJ onf rdred ,fajra'otwGi;f wm0efxrf;aqmifvsu&f adS om e,fbuf0efxrf;
tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ vkyif ef;aqmif&u G rf rI sm;udk Oya'ESit hf nD Bu;D Muyfjcif;? aygif;pyf
ñSEd iId ;f jcif; jyKEikd o f nf/
5/ ud,k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ onf
rdred ,fajra'o\ tajctaet&yf&yfEiS phf yfvsO;f onfh tpD&ifcpH mudk jynfaxmifpk
tpd;k &ESihf oufqikd &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpd;k &xHoYkd wifjy&rnf/
6/ ud,k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ onf
jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &? wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpd;k &u tcgtm;avsmpf mG
ay;tyfvmonfh vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;udk xrf;aqmif&rnf/
 166
Ekid if 0hH efxrf;
1/ Edik if 0hH efxrf;rsm;onf ygwDEikd if aH &;ESihf uif;½Si;f &rnf/
2/ Edik if 0hH efxrf;rsm; cefx Y m;jcif;? &mxl;wd;k jri§ jhf cif;? tNird ;f pm;,ljcif;? pnf;urf;
xdef;odrf;jcif;? trIxrf;pnf;urf; owfrSwfjcif;ESifh ta&;,ljcif;rsm;udk
Oya'ESit hf nD aqmif½u G &f rnf/
3/ EkdifiHh0efxrf;rsm;\ vkyfief;cGif tmrcHcsuf&½dSa&;? pm;0wfaerIzlvkHa&;?
tdraf xmif½iS f trsK;d orD;0efxrf;rsm; rD;zGm;jcif;qdik &f m tusK;d cHpm;cGi&hf ½daS &;ESihf
tNird ;f pm;0efxrf;rsm; pm;0wfaerI oufomacsmifcsad &;twGuf vkt d yfonfh
Oya'rsm;udk jy|mef;&rnf/
4/ Edik if 0hH efxrf;jzpfonfh wyfrawmfom;rsm;\ vkyif ef;obm0onf xl;jcm;rI½o Sd nfh
tavsmuf wyfrawmfom; Edik if 0hH efxrf;rsm;twGuf wyfrawmfqidk &f m Oya'rsm;
ESit hf nD aqmif½u G &f rnf/
5/ EdkifiHh0efxrf;jzpfonfh jrefrmEdkifiH&JwyfzGJU0ifrsm;\ xl;jcm;onfh vkyfief;
obm0t& ,if;wdEYk iS yhf wfoufí oD;jcm;Oya'jy|mef; aqmif½u G &f rnf/
 tcef; (6)
w&m;pD&ifa&;tcef;

Chapter (VI)
Judiciary
w&m;pD&ifa&;qkid &f m zGUJ pnf;rI

Formation of Judiciary
 167
tcef; ( 6 )
w&m;pD&ifa&;

w&m;pD&ifa&;qkid &f m zGUJ pnf;rI

1/ Ekid if aH wmf\ w&m;pD&ifa&; tmPmcGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D Ekid if aH wmf\
w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmukd -
(u) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf (Supreme Court of the Union)? wkid ;f a'o
Bu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfrsm; (High Courts of the Regions)? jynfe,fw&m;
vTwfawmfrsm; (High Courts of the States)? ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&
wkid ;f w&m;½k;H rsm; (Courts of the Self-Administered Division)? uk, d yf idk f
tkycf sKycf iG &hf a'ow&m;½k;H rsm; (Courts of the Self-Administered Zones)?
c½kid w f &m;½kH;rsm; (District Courts)? NrKd Ue,fw&m;½k;H rsm; (Township Courts)?
Oya't&wnfaxmifaom tjcm;w&m;½k;H rsm;ESihf Oya'ESit fh nD cefxY m;
aom w&m;olBuD;rsm;tm; EkdifiHawmfzGJYpnf;ykHtajccHOya't&
vnf;aumif;? tjcm;Oya't&vnf;aumif;?
( c ) ppfbufqidk &f mw&m;½kH ;rsm; (Courts Martial) tm; Ekid if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykt H ajccH
Oya't&vnf;aumif;? tjcm;Oya't&vnf;aumif;?
( * ) Ekid if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qkid &f m ck½H Hk; (Constitutional Tribunal) tm;
Ekid if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya't&vnf;aumif; cGaJ 0tyfEiS ;f onf/
jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyzf UJG pnf;jcif;
2/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf zGUJ pnf;a&;ESiphf yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfwiG f jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf ( Supreme Court of the
Union) wpf&yfxm;&So d nf/ Ekid if aH wmf zGUJ pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'qkid &f m ck½H ;Hk
(Constitutional Tribunal) ESihf ppfbufqidk &f mw&m;½kH;rsm; (Courts Martial)
 168
\ pD&ifykdifcGifhtmPmrsm;ukd rxdckdufapbJ jynfaxmifpkw&m;
vTwaf wmfcsKyo f nf Ekid if aH wmf\ tjrifq h ;Hk w&m;½k;H jzpfonf/
(c) (1) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf (Supreme Court of the Union)
\ tBu;D tuJudk jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf (Chief Justice of
the Union) [k ac:&rnf?
(2) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyw f iG f jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf
tygt0if jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;
(Judges of the Supreme Court of the Union) OD;a& tenf;qk;H
7 OD;rS trsm;qk;H 11 OD; txd ceft Y yfEidk of nf/
(*) (1) EkdifiHawmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyftjzpf
cefYtyfoifhaom yk*d¾Kvf\trnfpm&if;ukd jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfoYdk wifoiG ;f oabmwlncD suf &,l&rnf?
(2) Ekdi fi Ha wmfz GJUpnf ; yk H t ajccH O ya'wG i f owf r S w f x m;aom
jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKy\f t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf rjynfph Hk
aMumif; txift&Sm;rjyEkid yf gu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfonf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wu jynfaxmifpk w&m;olBu;D csKyt f jzpf ceftY yf&ef
trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f oludk jiif;y,fciG rhf &Sad p&?
(3) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKytf jzpf ceft
Y yf
wm0efay;&ef jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ oabmwlnDcsuf
r&&Sdonfh yk*d¾Kvftpm; trnfpm&if;opfukd jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfoYdk xyfrw H ifoiG ;f cGihf &Sod nf?
(4) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf\ oabmwlncD suf
&&So d nfyh *k K¾d vt f m; jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyt f jzpf ceft
Y yf
&rnf/
 169
(C) (1) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS fh n§Ed iId ;f um
jynfaxmifpk w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yf
oifah omyk*K¾d vrf sm;\ trnfpm&if;ukd jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYdk
wifoiG ;f oabmwlncD suf &,l&rnf?
(2) EkdifiHawmf zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGif owfrSwfxm;aom
jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\ t&nftcsi;f
rsm;ESihf rjynfph aHk Mumif; txift&Sm;rjyEkid yf gu jynfaxmifpk
vT w f a wmf o nf Ek d i f i H a wmf o r® w u jynf a xmif p k w &m;
vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yf&ef trnfpm&if;
wifoiG ;f olrsm;ukd jiif;y,fciG rfh &Sad p&?
(3) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;
olBuD;tjzpf cefYtyfwm0efay;&ef jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\
oabmwlncD suf r&&So d nfh yk*K¾d vt f pm; trnfpm&if;opfudk
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoYdk xyfrwH ifoiG ;f cGi&hf odS nf?
(4) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\ oabmwlncD suf
&&Sdonfh yk*d¾Kvfrsm;tm; jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yf&rnf/
jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS fh jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\
t&nftcsi;f rsm;
3/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS fh jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D
rsm;\ t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf jynfaxmifpk
w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;rsm;onf atmufygt&nftcsif;rsm;ESifh
jynfph &Hk rnf -
(u) touf 50ESpx f ufri,f? touf 70 ESpx f ufrBu;D ol?
 170
(c) toufuefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl wT af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf
owfrw S x
f m;aom t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESijhf ynfph o Hk ?l
( * ) (1) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D
tjzpf tenf;qk;H ig;ESpf aqmif&u G cf o
hJ l okrYd [kwf
(2) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftqifx h ufredrahf om w&m;a&;
0efxrf; okrYd [kwf Oya'0efxrf;&mxl;wGif tenf;qk;H 10 ESpf
wm0efxrf;aqmifco hJ l okrYd [kwf
(3) w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae (Advocate)tjzpf tenf;qk;H 20 ESpf
trIvu dk yf g aqmif&u G cf ohJ l okrYd [kwf
(4) xifay:ausmMf um;onfh *kPo f wif;&Sad om Oya'ynm&Sit f jzpf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wu ,lqol?
(C) Ekid if aH wmfEiS Ehf idk if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d ?l
( i ) Ekid if aH &;ygwD0ifr[kwo f ?l
( p ) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf [kwo f /l
jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;tm;
pGypf jGJ ypfwifjcif;
4/ Ekid if aH wmfor®wtm; vkyyf idk cf iG rhf sm; tyfEiS ;f jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmf or®wonf jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpk
w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;wpfOD;OD;tm; atmufygtaMumif;
wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGypf jGJ ypfwifEidk o f nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfudk azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfudk azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf u d m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
 171
(4) zGYJpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;aom jynfaxmifpk
w&m;olBuD;csKyf odkYr[kwf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D \ t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
(c) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpk
w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;wpfOD;OD;tm; pGyfpGJjypfwifvkdygu
rdr\ d pGypf cJG suu f kd jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfem,uxH wifjy&rnf?
(*) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfem,uonf pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ udk zGUJ pnf;í
Oya'ESit hf nD pkpH rf;ppfaq;ap&rnf?
(C) pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ ukzd UJG pnf;&mwGif jynfov Yl wT af wmfEiS hf trsKd ;om;
vTwaf wmf uk, d pf m;vS,Of ;D a& wlnpD mG yg0ifapNy;D ,if;tzGUJ 0ifrsm;xJrS
oifah vsmo f l wpfO;D OD;ukd pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ Ouú|tjzpf wm0efay;&rnf?
(i) pkpH rf;ppfaq;&rnfh vkyif ef;yrmPukd axmuf½í I pkpH rf;ppfaq;rI Ny;D pD;&rnfh
tcsed u f mvukv d nf; owfrw S af y;&rnf?
(p) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf rdr\ d pGypf cJG suEf iS phf yfvsO;f í rdru d ,dk w
f ikd af omf
vnf;aumif;? uk, d pf m;vS,af pvTwí f aomfvnf;aumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;
tzGUJ a&SUarSmufwiG f &Si;f vif;wifjyEkid o f nf/ oufqidk &f m taxmuftxm;
rsm;ESihf oufaorsm;ukv d nf; wifjyEkid cf iG &hf o dS nf?
(q) pGypf cJG suu f dk pkpH rf;aq;onft h cg pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;cH&oltm; uk, d w f idk f
aomfvnf;aumif;? uk, d pf m;vS,jf zifah omfvnf;aumif; acsycGiahf y;&rnf?
(Z) pGypf jJG ypfwifrEI iS phf yfvsO;f í pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ u pkpH rf;awG&Y cdS suu f kd
wifjyvmonft h cg jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfem,uonf jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfoYdk wifjy&rnf?
(ps) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,pf pk ak ygif;OD;a&\ ok;H ykEH pS yf u Hk pGypf JG
jypfwifro I nf rSeu f efí pGypf cJG &H olonf jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf
 172
okYdr[kwf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;&mxl;wGif
qufvufxrf;&Gufap&ef roifhaMumif; qkH;jzwfvQif jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfem,uonf xkq d ;Hk jzwfcsuu f dk Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjy
tpD&ifc&H rnf?
(n) ,if;okw Yd ifjytpD&ifco H nft h cg Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;
cH&onfh jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;
vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D ukd &mxl;rS&yfp&J rnf?
( # ) pGypf jJGypfwifro I nf rrSeu f efaMumif; jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfu qk;H jzwfvQif
xko d q Ykd ;Hk jzwfaMumif;ukd jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfem,uonf Ekid if aH wmf
or®wxH wifjytpD&ifc&H rnf/
5/ jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf odkYr[kwf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D wpfO;D OD;tm; pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfaxmifpk w&m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpk w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D wpfO;D OD;tm; atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGypf jJG ypfwif
Ekid of nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfudk azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfudk azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf ud m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;aom jynfaxmifpk
w&m;olBuD;csKyf okdYr[kwf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D \ t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
( c ) jynfaxmifpk w&m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D wpfO;D OD;tay: pGypf jJGypfwifvydk gu Ekid if aH wmfor®w okrYd [kwf
 173
'kw, d or®wukd pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f í zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD aqmif&uG &f rnf?
( * ) okdY&mwGif jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf okdYr[kwf jynfaxmifpk
w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D wpfO;D OD;tay: pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf
rSefuefí pGyfpGJcH&olonf jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf okdYr[kwf
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;&mxl;wGif qufvuf
xrf;&Guaf p&ef roifah Mumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;onfh vTwaf wmfu qk;H jzwf
wifjyvQif Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;cH&onfh jynfaxmifpk
w&m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D
tm; &mxl;rS&yfp&J rnf?
(C) pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rrSeuf efaMumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;onfh vTwaf wmfu
qkH;jzwfygu xkdokdYqkH;jzwfaMumif; oufqkdif&mvTwfawmfOuú|onf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wxH wifjytpD&ifc&H rnf/
jynfaxmifpwk &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS fh jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\
&mxl;oufwrf;
6/ jynfaxmifpk w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS fh jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D
rsm;\ &mxl;oufwrf;ESiphf yfvsO;f Ny;D jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS f h jynfaxmifpk
w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;rsm;onf atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yf
ray:aygufvQif touf 70 ESpf jynfo h nftxd wm0efxrf;aqmifciG &hf o dS nf -
(u) rdro d abmtavsmuf &mxl;rS Ekwx f uG jf cif;?
( c ) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit fh nD pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;cH&í
&mxl;rS &yfpcJ &H jcif;?
( * ) Oya't&owfrw S af om aq;tzGUJ \ ppfaq;csut f & ud, k pf w
d Ef pS yf g;
teuf wpfyg;yg;onf xm0pOfcsdKU,Gif;oGm;jcif;aMumifh wm0efukd
qufvufxrf;aqmifEidk pf rG ;f r&Sad Mumif; awG&Y &dS jcif;?
(C) uG,v f eG jf cif;/
 174
7/ jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf okdYr[kwf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D rsm;onf ygwDEidk if aH &;uif;&Si;f a&;? Ekid if 0hH efxrf;tjzpfrS tNird ;f pm;
,la&;wkEYd iS fh pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) jynfaxmifpk w&m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D rsm;onf ygwDEidk if aH &;ESihf uif;&Si;f &rnf?
( c ) jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D rsm;onf Ekid if 0hH efxrf;jzpfvQif jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf
okrYd [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D tjzpf ceft Y yf
wm0efay;jcif;cH&onfah eYrpS í wnfq0J efxrf;pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;
ESit hf nD tNird ;f pm;,lNy;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf/
8/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D
rsm;\ wm0efrsm;? vkyyf idk cf iG rhf sm;? &ykid cf iG rhf sm;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfaxmifpk
w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\ wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf idk cf iG rhf sm;? &ykid cf iG hf rsm;udk Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
9/ jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf odkYr[kwf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D rsm;\ tqifEh iS hf pyfvsO;f Ny;D jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf
jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\ wm0efrsm;? vkyyf idk cf iG rhf sm;ESihf
&ykid cf iG rhf sm;udk Oya'jzihf jy|mef;onft h cg rSjD irf;jyKEidk af &;twGuf jynfaxmifpk
w&m;olBuD;csKyfukd 'kwd,or®wtqifh owfrSwfonf? jynfaxmifpkw&m;
vGwT af wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D ukd jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqifh owfrw S o
f nf/
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmfrsm; zJUG pnf;jcif;
10/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmfrsm; zJUG pnf;a&;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wkid ;f a'oBu;D wkid ;f wGif wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf (High Court of
the Region) wpf&yfpv D nf;aumif;? jynfe,fwidk ;f wGif jynfe,fw&m;
vTwaf wmf (High Court of the State) wpf&yfpv D nf;aumif; xm;&So d nf?
 175
(c) (1) wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
tBu;D tuJudk wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf
(Chief Justice of the High Court of the Region) okrY d [kwf jynfe,f
w&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf (Chief Justice of the High Court
of the State) [kac:&rnf?
(2) wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
wGif wdik ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf tygt0if wkid ;f a'oBu;D
w&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm; ( Judges of the High Court of
the Region) okr Yd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;
(Judges of the High Court of the State) OD;a& tenf;qk;H 3 OD;rS
trsm;qk;H 7 OD; txd ceft Y yfEidk o
f nf?
(*) (1) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKy?f oufqidk &f m
wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfwkdYESifh n§dEdIif;NyD;
oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
w&m;olBuD;csKyftjzpf cefYtyf&ef trnfpm&if;ukdjyKpkí
,if;trnfpm&if;ukv d nf;aumif;? oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf
n§Ed iId ;f Ny;D oufqidk &f mwkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;tjzpf ceft Y yf&ef trnfpm&if;ukjd yKpí k
,if;trnfpm&if;rsm;ukv d nf;aumif; oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYkd ay;yk&Yd rnf?
(2) EkdifiHawmfzGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya'wGif owfrSwfxm;aom
wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D
csKyfESifh wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf
 176
w&m;olBu;D \ t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf rjynhpf aHk Mumif; txift&Sm;
rjyEkdifygu oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfonf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKy?f
oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyw f EYdk iS hf
n§Ed iId ;f Ny;D oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyftjzpf cefYtyf&efvnf;aumif;?
oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfu
jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf n§Ed iId ;f Ny;D wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;rsm;tjzpf cefYtyf&ef
vnf;aumif; trnfpm&if; ay;ydo Yk rl sm;ukd jiif;y,fciG fh r&Sad p&?
(3) tyk'd cf JG (2) t& jiif;y,fjcif;cH&aom yk*K¾dvrf sm;tpm; trnfpm&if;
opfudk owfrw S x
f m;onft h wkid ;f xyfrw H ifoiG ;f cGi&fh odS nf?
(4) EkdifiHawmfor®wonf oufqkdif&mwkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf
jynfe,fvTwfawmfu oabmwlnDolrsm;ukd oufqkdif&m
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf
tjzpfvnf;aumif;? oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
w&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;tjzpfvnf;aumif; ceft Y yf&rnf/
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrY d [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyrf sm;ESih f wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\ t&nftcsi;f owfrw S jf cif;
11/ wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyfrsm;ESifh
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\ t&nftcsi;f
rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f Ny;D wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf
rsm;ESihf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmfw&m;olBu;D rsm;onf
atmufygt&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph &Hk rnf -
(u) touf 45 ESpx f ufri,f? touf 65 ESpx f ufrBu;D ol?
 177
(c) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf
uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrw S x f m;aom t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o Hk ?l
( * ) (1) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftqifx h uf redrahf om w&m;a&;
0efxrf; okrYd [kwf Oya'0efxrf;&mxl;wGif tenf;qk;H 5 ESpf wm0ef
xrf;aqmifco hJ l okrYd [kwf c½kid t f qifx h ufredrahf om w&m;a&;
0efxrf; odrYk [kwf Oya'0efxrf; &mxl;wGif tenf;qk;H 10 ESpf
wm0efxrf;aqmifco hJ l okrYd [kwf
(2) w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae (Advocate) tjzpf tenf;qk;H 15 ESpf
trIvu dk yf g aqmif&u G cf ohJ l okrYd [kwf
(3) xifay:ausmMf um;onfh *kPo f wif;&Sad om Oya'ynm&Sit f jzpf
Ekid if aH wmfor®wu ,lqol?
(C) Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf Ekid if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d ?l
( i ) Ekid if aH &;ygwD0ifr[kwo f ?l
( p ) vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf [kwo f /l
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf wdik ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;tm; pGypf jGJ ypfwifjcif;
12/ Ekid if aH wmfor®wESihf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyw f t Ydk m; vkyyf idk cf iG hf
rsm;tyfEiS ;f jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
w&m; olBu;D csKyu f vdk nf;aumif;? wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
0efBu;D csKyo f nf oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwaf wmfw&m;olBu;D wpfO;D OD;tm;vnf;aumif; atmufyg taMumif;
wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGypf jJG ypfwifEidk o f nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfudk azmufzsujf cif;?
 178
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfukd azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf u d m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;aom wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D \ t&nftcsi;f
ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
(c) Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
w&m;olBuD;csKyfukdvnf;aumif;? wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f
0efBuD;csKyfonf oufqkdif&m wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,f
w&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D wpfO;D OD;ukv d nf;aumif; pGypf jJGypfwifvydk gu
rdr\ d pGypf cJG suuf dk wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|xH
ay;yd&Yk rnf?
(*) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|onf pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;
tzGUJ ukd zGUJ pnf;í Oya'ESit hf nD pkpH rf;ppfaq;ap&rnf?
(C) pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ ukd wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf
uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;jzihf zGUJ pnf;í ,if;tzGUJ 0ifrsm;xJrS oihaf vsmo f w
l pfO;D OD;ukd
pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ Ouú|tjzpf wm0efay;&rnf?
(i) pkpH rf;ppfaq;&rnfh vkyif ef;yrmPudk axmuf½í I pkpH rf;ppfaq;rI Ny;D pD;&rnfh
tcsed u f mvudv k nf; owfrw S af y;&rnf?
(p) Ekid if aH wmfor®w okrYd [kwf oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
0efBu;D csKyo f nf rdr\ d pGypf cJG suEf iS hf pyfvsO;f í rdrud ,dk w
f idk af omfvnf;aumif;?
ud, k pf m;vS,af pvTwí f aomfvnf;aumif; pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ a&SUarSmuf
wGif &Sif;vif;wifjyEkdifonf/ oufqkdif&m taxmuftxm;rsm;ESifh
oufaorsm;ukv d nf; wifjyEkid cf iG &hf o dS nf?
 179
(q) pGypf cJG suu f dk pkpH rf;ppfaq;onft h cg pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;cH&oltm; uk, d w f idk f
aomfvnf;aumif;? uk, d pf m;vS,jf zifah omfvnf;aumif; acsycGiahf y;&rnf?
(Z) pGypf jJG ypfwifrEI iS hf pyfvsO;f í pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ u pkpH rf;awGU&Scd suu f dk
wifjyonft h cg wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|onf
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYdk wifjy&rnf?
(ps) wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf uk,
d pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a&\
ok;H ykEH pS yf uHk pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rSeu f efí pGypf cJG &H olonf wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf okrYd [kwf wkid ;f a'oBu;D
okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D &mxl;wGif qufvuf
xrf;&Guaf p&ef roifah Mumif; qk;H jzwfvQif wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfOuú|onf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
w&m;olBuD;csKyftwGufjzpfygu EkdifiHawmfor®wxHokdYvnf;aumif;?
wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D twGuf
jzpfygu oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyx f oH Ykd
vnf;aumif; xkq d ;Hk jzwfcsuu f dk wifjy&rnf/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf azmfjyygwifjycsuu f dk &&So d nft h cg Ekid if aH wmf
or®wxH qufvufwifjy&rnf?
(n) ,if;okw Yd ifjycsurf sm; &&So d nfth cg Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;
cH&onfh wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf
okrYd [kwf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D udk
&mxl;rS&yfp&J rnf?
(# ) pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rrSeu f efaMumif; wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
vTwaf wmfu qk;H jzwfvQif xko d q Ydk ;Hk jzwfaMumif;ukd wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|onf wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyftwGuf jzpfygu EkdifiHawmfor®wxHokdY
vnf;aumif;? wkdif;a'oBuD; okdYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf
 180
w&m;olBu;D twGujf zpfygu oufqidk &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,f
0efBu;D csKyx f o H v Ydk nf;aumif; wifjy&rnf/
13/ wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D wpfO;D OD;ukd pGypf jGJ ypfwifjcif;
ESiphf yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyu f kd
vnf;aumif;? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf
w&m;olBu;D udv k nf;aumif; atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGypf JG
jypfwifEidk o f nf -
(1) Ekid if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfukd azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfukd azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf u d m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;aom wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS fh wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D \ t&nftcsi;f
ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaomwm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyu f kd
vnf;aumif;? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf
w&m;olBu;D udv k nf;aumif; pGypf jJGypfwifvykd gu oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,f pkpkaygif;OD;a&teuf
tenf;qkH; av;ykHwpfykHu vufrSwfa&;xdk;NyD; rdrdwdkY\pGyfpGJcsufudk
oufqdkif&m wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmfOuú|xH
wifjy&rnf?
 181
(*) ,if;pGypf cJG suu f kd oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf
Ouú|u pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ udk zGUJ pnf;í pkpH rf;ppfaq;ap&rnf/ pkpH rf;
ppfaq;&rnhf vkyif ef;yrmPudk axmuf½í I pkpH rf;ppfaq;rI jy;D pD;&rnfh
tcsed u f mvudv k nf; owfrw S af y;&rnf?
(C) pGypf cJG suuf kd pkpH rf;ppfaq;onft h cg pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;cH&oltm; ud, k w f idk f
aomfvnf;aumif;? ud, k pf m;vS,jf zifah omfvnf;aumif; acsycGiafh y;&rnf?
(i) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyf
tay:wGifvnf;aumif;? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D tay:wGiv f nf;aumif; oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf\ pGypf jJGypfwifrEI iS phf yfvsO;f í pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&;
tzGJU\ pkHprf;awGU½dScsufudk wifjyonfhtcg vTwfawmfOuú|onf
oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfoYdk wifjy&rnf?
oufqikd &f m vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;OD;a&teuf ok;H ykEH pS yf u Hk
pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nfreS u f efí pGypf cJG &H olonf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyf&mxl;wGifvnf;aumif;?
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D &mxl;wGif
vnf;aumif; qufvufxrf;½Gufap&ef roifhaMumif; qkH;jzwfvQif
vTwaf wmfOuú|onf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
w&m;olBuD;csKyftwGufjzpfvQif EkdifiHawmfor®wxHodkYvnf;aumif;?
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D twGuf
jzpfvQif oufqikd &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyx f o H Ykd
vnf;aumif; xdq k ;Hk jzwfcsuu f kd wifjy&rnf? wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyo f nf azmfjyygwifjycsuu f kd &&So
d nhtf cg Edik if aH wmf
or®wxH qufvufwifjy&rnf?
 182
(p) ,if;okYd wifjytpD&ifcv H Qif Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf pGypf jJGypfwifjcif;cH&onfh
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyu f kd
vnf;aumif;? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf
w&m;olBu;D udv k nf;aumif; &mxl;rS&yfp&J rnf?
(q) pGypf jJG ypfwifro I nf rrSeu f efaMumif; oufqikd &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fvw T af wmfu qk;H jzwfvQif xdo k qYkd ;Hk jzwfaMumif;udk vTwaf wmfOuú|
onf wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyf
twGufjzpfygu EkdifiHawmfor®wxHodkYvnf;aumif;? wdkif;a'oBuD;
odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;twGufjzpfygu
oufqikd &f m wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKyx f o H v
Ykd nf;aumif;
wifjy&rnf/
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\&mxl;oufwrf;
14/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\&mxl;oufwrf;ESifh pyfvsO;f Ny;D
wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyfrsm;ESifh
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;onf atmufyg
taMumif;wpf&yf&yf ray:aygufvQif touf 65 ESpf jynfo h nftxd wm0ef
xrf;aqmifciG ½fh o Sd nf -
(u) rdro d abmtavsmuf &mxl;rS Ekwx f uG jf cif;?
( c ) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;cH&í
&mxl;rS &yfpcJ &H jcif;?
( * ) Oya't&owfrw S af om aq;tzGUJ \ppfaq;csut f & ud, k pf w d Ef pS yf g;
teuf wpfyg;yg;onf xm0pOfcsKUd ,Gi;f oGm;jcif;aMumifh wm0efuq kd ufvuf
xrf;aqmifEidk pf rG ;f r½daS Mumif; awGU½d&S jcif;?
(C) uG,v f eG jf cif;/
 183
15/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm; ygwDEikd if aH &;uif;½Si;f a&;?
Edik if 0hH efxrf;tjzpfrS tNird ;f pm;,la&;ESiphf yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyrf sm;ESihf
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;onf
ygwDEikd if aH &;ESifh uif;½Si;f &rnf?
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyrf sm;ESihf
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;onf
Edik if 0hH efxrf;jzpfvQif wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf
w&m;olBu;D csKyt f jzpfvnf;aumif;? wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
w&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D tjzpfvnf;aumif; ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;
cH&onfhaeYrSpí wnfqJ0efxrf; pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESifhtnD
tNird ;f pm;,lNy;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf/
16/ wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyfrsm;ESihf
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\ wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;? &ydik cf iG rhf sm;ESihf pyfvsO;f Ny;D wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyfrsm;ESifh wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;rsm;\ wm0efrsm;? vkyfydkifcGifhrsm;? &ydkifcGifhrsm;udk
Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
17/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;\tqifhESifh pyfvsOf;NyD;
wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyfrsm;ESifh
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;\ wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;? &ydik cf iG rhf sm;udk Oya'jzihf jy|mef;owfrw S o f nft h cg rSjD irf;jyKEikd af &;
twGuf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D csKyu f kd
 184
jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqifh owfrw S o
f nf/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f
w&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D udk 'kw, d 0efBu;D tqifh owfrw S o f nf/
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf\ Bu;D MuyfraI tmuf&dS w&m;½k;H rsm;
18/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf Bu;D MuyfraI tmufwiG f w&m;½k;H
tqifq h ifh zGUJ pnf;xm;&Sjd cif;ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwaf wmf Bu;D MuyfraI tmufü atmufygtwdik ;f w&m;½k;H tqifq h if½h o
Sd nf -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifprk ½dv
S Qif
(1) c½dik w f &m;½kH;rsm; (District Courts)
(2) NrKd Ue,fw&m;½kH;rsm; (Township Courts)
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifp½k v
Sd Qif
(1) ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f ü
(uu) ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f w&m;½k;H (Court of the Self-
Administered Division)
( c c ) NrKd Ue,fw&m;½k;H rsm; (Township Courts)
(2) ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oü
(uu) ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'ow&m;½k;H (Court of the Self-
Administered Zone)
( c c ) NrKd Ue,fw&m;½k;H rsm; (Township Courts)
(3) useaf 'orsm;ü
(uu) c½dik w f &m;½k;H rsm; (District Courts)
( c c ) NrKd Ue,fw&m;½k;H rsm; (Township Courts)
(4) jynfaxmifpek ,fajrü
(uu) c½dik w f &m;½k;H rsm; (District Courts)
( c c ) NrKd Ue,fw&m;½k;H rsm; (Township Courts)
( * ) Oya't&wnfaxmifxm;aom tjcm;w&m;½k;H rsm;/
 185
19/ w&m;olBu;D rsm;cefx Y m;jcif;? ,if;wdt Yk m;pD&ifyikd cf iG rhf sm;tyfEiS ;f jcif;? ,if;wd\ Yk
wm0efrsm;? vkyfydkifcGihfrsm;? &ydkifcGifhrsm;owfrSwfjcif;? ,if;w&m;½kH;rsm;wGif
0efxrf;tzGJUtpnf; zGJUpnf;jcif;? wm0efrsm;? vkyfydkifcGifhrsm;ESihf &ydkifcGifhrsm;
owfrw S jf cif;wdEYk iS pfh yfvsO;f Ny;D -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf Bu;D MuyfraI tmuf½Sd
w&m;½Hk;tqifhqifhwGif w&m;olBuD;rsm;cefYxm;jcif;? pD&ifydkifcGifhrsm;
tyfEiS ;f jcif;? wm0efrsm;? vkyyf ikd cf iG rfh sm;ESihf &ydik cf iG rfh sm; owfrw S jf cif;wdo
Yk nf
Oya'ESit hf nD jzpfap&rnf?
( c ) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy?f wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;
vTwaf wmfrsm;ESihf usew f &m;½k;H rsm;wGif t&m½dt S qif0h efxrf;rsm;? tjcm;
tqihf 0efxrf;rsm;yg0ifonfh 0efxrf;tzGUJ tpnf; zGUJ pnf;jcif;? wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;ESihf &ydik cf iG rhf sm;owfrw S jf cif;wdo Yk nf Oya'ESit hf nD jzpfap
&rnf/
w&m;pD&ifa&;qkid &f m tmPmcGaJ 0rI

Sharing
of the Judicial Power
 187
w&m;pD&ifa&;qkid &f mtmPmcGaJ 0rI
jynfaxmifpwk &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\ f rlv pD&ifyidk cf iG t hf mPmrsm;
1/ (u) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyüf om atmufygudp&ö yfrsm;twGuf rlvrI
pD&ifyikd cf iG thf mPmrsm;&So d nf -
(1) jynfaxmifpEk ikd if aH wmfu csKyq f akd om jynfaxmiftcsi;f csi;f pmcsKyf
rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í ay:aygufvmaomudp&ö yfrsm;?
(2) jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &ESihf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpk;d &
wdt Yk Mum; jzpfymG ;onfh zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m jyóemrsm;
rSty tjcm;tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;?
(3) wdik ;f a'oBu;D tcsi;f csi;f ? jynfe,ftcsi;f csi;f ? wdik ;f a'oBu;D ESihf
jynfe,ftcsi;f csi;f ? jynfaxmifpek ,fajrESihf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
jynfe,f tcsi;f csi;f wdt Yk Mum;jzpfymG ;onfh zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccH Oya'
qdik &f mjyóemrsm;rSty tjcm;tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;?
(4) Oya'wpf&yf&yft& owfrw S x f m;aom tjcm;udp&ö yfrsm;/
( c ) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f nf Edik if aH wmf\ tjrifq h ;Hk w&m;½k;H
jzpfonft h m;avsmpf mG aemufq;Hk tNy;D tjywf t,lc0H if&m w&m;½k;H vnf;
jzpfonf?
( * ) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\ f pD&ifcsurf sm;onf trItm;vk;H wGif
tNy;D tjywfjzpfí t,lc0H ifciG rhf &Sad p&?
(C) jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfonf þzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfujkzd pfap? tjcm;Oya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfujkzd pfap
rqefu Y sivf Qif wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf\
pD&ifcsurf sm;udk qk;H jzwfEikd af om t,lcrH pI &D ifyikd cf iG hf tmPm&So d nf?
xkt Yd jyif tjcm;w&m;½k;H rsm;u csrw S af om pD&ifcsurf sm;udv k nf; Oya'
ESit hf nD ppfaq;qk;H jzwfEidk af om t,lcrH pI &D ifyikd cf iG hf tmPm&So d nf?
 188
(i) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f nf Oya'ESit hf nD jyifqifrI pD&ifyikd cf iG hf
tmPm&So d nf/
2/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f nf -
(u) atmufyg pmcReaf wmftrderYf sm;udk xkwyf ikd cf iG t hf mPm&So d nf -
(1) a&SUawmfoiG ;f pmcReaf wmftrde?Yf
(2) tmPmay; pmcReaf wmftrde?Yf
(3) wm;jrpfap pmcReaf wmftrde?Yf
(4) tmPmydik af r; pmcReaf wmftrde?Yf
(5) trIac: pmcReaf wmftrde/Yf
( c ) Edik if aH wmftwGi;f ta&;ay:tajctaersm; ay:aygufaMumif; aMunm
onfh a'owGif pmcReaf wmftrdeYf xkwq f ifah y;&ef avQmufxm;csurf sm;udk
&yfqikd ;f xm;&rnf/
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmfrsm;\ pD&ifyidk cf iG t hf mPmrsm;
3/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmfrsm;wGif Oya'ESit hf nD atmufyg
w&m;pD&ifyikd cf iG thf mPmrsm;&So d nf -
(u) rlvrIukd pD&ifjcif;?
( c ) t,lcrH u I kd pD&ifjcif;?
( * ) jyifqifru I kd pD&ifjcif;?
(C) Oya'wpf&yf&yft& owfrw S x f m;aom udp&ö yfrsm;ukd pD&ifjcif;/
4/ (u) w&m;pD&ifa&;qdik &f m udpt ö vdUk iSm rEÅav;wdik ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf
onf aejynfawmftwGi;f &Sd w&m;½k;H rsm;\ w&m;vTwaf wmfjzpfonf/
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftwGi;f &Sd a'owpfcck u k kd jynfaxmifpk
e,fajrtjzpf owfrw S v f Qif w&m;pD&ifa&;qdik &f m udpt ö vdiYk mS oufqikd &f m
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmfonf ,if;jynfaxmifpk
e,fajrtwGi;f &Sd w&m;½k;H rsm;\ w&m;vTwaf wmfjzpfonf/
 189
w&m;½k;H tqifq h if\ h pD&ifyidk cf iG t hf mPmrsm;
5/ c½dik w f &m;½k;H rsm;? ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f w&m;½k;H rsm;? ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'o
w&m;½kH;rsm;onf Oya'ESifhtnD jypfrIqdkif&m rlvrIrsm;? w&m;rrlvrIrsm;
udv k nf;aumif;? t,lcrH rI sm;ESihf jyifqifrrI sm;udv k nf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yf
t& owfrw S x f m;aom udp&ö yfrsm;ukv d nf;aumif; pD&ifyikd cf iG t hf mPm&So d nf/
6/ NrKd Ue,fw&m;½k;H rsm;onf Oya'ESit hf nD jypfrq I ikd &f mrlvrIrsm;? w&m;rrlvrIrsm;udk
vnf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yft& owfrw S x f m;aom udp&ö yfrsm;udv k nf;aumif;
pD&ifyikd cf iG t hf mPm&So d nf/
7/ jynfaxmifpw k pf0ef;vk;H wGif w&m;pD&ifa&;qdik &f m udpt ö 00udk þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccH
Oya't&jzpfap? tjcm;Oya'wpf&yf&yft&jzpfap zGUJ pnf;onfh w&m;½k;H rsm;wGif
Oya'ESit hf nD cefx Y m;aom w&m;olBu;D rsm;u pDraH qmif&u G &f rnf/
8/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f nf w&m;pD&ifa&;qdik &f m b@maiGt&tok;H
pm&if;rsm;udk þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD jynfaxmifp\ k
ESppf Ofb@maiG t&tok;H qdik &f m Oya'Murf;wGif xnfo h iG ;f wifjyEkid &f ef jynfaxmifpk
tpd;k &xH wifjy&rnf/
9/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyo f nf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf tpnf;ta0;wGijf zpfap?
jynfov Yl w T af wmf odrYk [kwf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;wGijf zpfap Edik if aH wmf
odrYk [kwf trsm;jynfow l EYkd iS hf oufqikd o f nfh ta&;Bu;D aom w&m;pD&ifa&;qdik &f m
tajctaeudk tcgtm;avsmpf mG wifjyEdik o f nf/
 tcef; (7)
wyfrawmftcef;

Chapter (VII)
The Tatmadaw
 191
tcef; (7)
wyfrawmf

1/ wyfrawmfonf tiftm;awmifw h if;Ny;D pGr;f &nfxufjrufaom acwfro D nfh

wpfcw k nf;aom rsK;d cspw f yfrawmfjzpfonf/
2/ wyfrawmfonf Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'udk umuG,af pmifah &Smuf&ef t"du
wm0ef&o dS nf/
3/ jynfaxmifprk NyKd uaJG &;? wdik ;f &if;om;pnf;vH;k nDñw G rf rI NyKd uaJG &;ESifh tcsKytf jcm
tmPmwnfwchH ikd Nf raJ &;wdu Yk kd umuG,af pmihaf &Smuf&ef wyfrawmfwiG f t"du
wm0ef&o dS nf/
4/ jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if t H m; jynfwiG ;f ? jynfytEÅ&m,frsm;rS umuG,af &;twGuf
wyfrawmfu OD;aqmif&rnf/ Edik if aH wmfumuG,af &;twGuf t"du tusq;kH aom
vufeufuikd w f yfzUJG onf wyfrawmfjzpfonf/
5/ wyfrawmfonf trsKd ;om;umuG,af &;ESifh vHNk cKH a&;aumifp\ D oabmwlncD suf
jzihf Edik if aH wmfvNkH cKH a&;ESiu
fh muG,af &;wGif jynfow l pf&yfv;kH yg0ifa&;twGuf
pDraH qmif&u G cf iG fh &So
d nf/ wyfrawmf\OD;aqmifrjI zihf jynfopYl pfr[mAsL[mudk
azmfaqmif&rnf/
6/ Edik if aH wmftwGi;f &Sd vufeufuikd f tzGUJ tpnf;tm;vH;k onf wyfrawmf\ uGyu f rJ I
atmufwiG &f &dS rnf/
7/ wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfonf vufeufudkif tzGJYtpnf;tm;vHk;\
tBu;D tuJ jzpfonf/
8/ wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKy\ f tqiho f wfrw S &f mwGif rSjD irf;jyKEikd af &;twGuf
wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f kd 'kw,d or®wtqihf owfrw S of nf/
 192
9/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf trsKd ;om;umuG,af &;ESifh vHNk cKH a&;aumifp\ D tqdjk yK
axmufccH sujf zihf wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f kd ceft
Y yfwm0efay;&rnf/
10/ wyfrawmfonf wyfyikd ;f qdik &f m udpt ö m;vH;k udk vGwvf yfpmG pDrcH efcY JG pD&ifaqmif&u
G f
ydik cf iG &hf o
dS nf/
11/ wyfrawmfom;rsm;twGuf ppfbufw&m;pD&if&mwGif tzGUJ jzihjf zpfap? wpfO;D wnf;
jzpfap Oya'ESit fh nD pD&ifEikd o f nf/
12/ ppfbufw&m;pD&ifa&;wGif wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKy\ f tqH;k tjzwfonf
tNy;D tjywf jzpfonf/
13/ roefrpGr;f jzpfomG ;aom wyfrawmfom;rsm;ESihf aoqk;H ? usq;kH aom wyfrawmfom;
rsm;\ rdom;pkrsm;tm; axmufyahH pmifah &Smufa&;wdt Yk wGuf Oya'jy|mef;&rnf/
14/ Edik if aH wmfwiG f Edik if aH wmfEiS fh Edik if o
H m;rsm;twGuf ab;tEÅ&m,frsm; usa&mufvm
vQif wyfrawmfonf ulnaD qmif&u G &f rnf/
 tcef; (8)
Edik if o
H m;? Edik if o
H m;rsm;\rlvtcGit
fh a&;ESifh
wm0efrsm;tcef;

Chapter (VIII)

Citizenship, Fundamental Rights

and Duties of Citizens
 193
tcef; (8)
Ekid if o
H m;? Ekid if o
H m;rsm;\ rlvtcGit
hf a&;ESiw
hf m0efrsm;

1/ atmufazmfjyyg t&nftcsi;f wpf&yf&yfEiS hf jynfph o kH rl sm;onf jynfaxmifpo

k r®w
jrefrmEdik if aH wmf\ Edik if o
H m;rsm; jzpfMuonf -
(u) jynfaxmifpo
k r®wjrefrmEdik if aH wmf\ wdik ;f &if;om;rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;ol?
(c) þzGUJ pnf;yHtk ajccHOya' twnfjyKjy|mef;onfah eYwiG f Oya't& Edik if o
H m;
jzpfNy;D ol/
2/ Edik if o
H m;jzpfjcif;? Edik if o
H m;jyKjcif;ESihf Ekid if o
H m;tjzpfr&S yfpjJ cif;wdo
Yk nf Oya'jzifh
jy|mef;onft h wdik ;f jzpfap&rnf/
3/ Ekid if aH wmfonf rnfou
Yl rkd qdk Oya't&mwGif wef;wlnrD Q tcGit hf a&; &&Sad p&rnf/
xkjYd yif Oya'\ tumtuG,u f v
kd nf; wef;wlnrD QpmG &,lyikd cf iG ahf y;&rnf/
4/ Ekid if aH wmfonf rnfonfh jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if aH wmf\ Edik if o
H m;udrk Q vlrsKd ;?
Zmwd? ud;k uG,&f mbmom? &mxl;XmeEÅ&? tqift h wef;? ,Ofaus;rI? trsKd ;om;?
trsKd ;orD;? qif;&Jcsr;f omudk taMumif;jyKí cGjJ cm;rIr&Sad p&/
5/ Edik if o
H m;rsm;onf atmufygvkyif ef;rsm;udk vkyu
f ikd af qmif&u
G &f mwGif wlnaD om
tcGit fh vrf; &&Sad p&rnf -
(u) jynfo0Yl efxrf; wm0efxrf;aqmifr?I
(c) tvkyv
f yk u
f ikd rf ?I
(*) ukeo
f ,
G af &mif;0,f azmufum;rI?
(C) pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef; vkyu
f ikd rf ?I
(i) twwfynmESihf toufarG;0rf;ausmif;rI?
(p) 0dZmÆ ynm? odyyHÜ nmESiehf nf;ynm&yfrsm; &SmazG azmfxw
k rf /I
 194
6/ trsdK;orD;rsm;onf wlnDaomtvkyftwGuf trsdK;om;rsm; cHpm;cGifh&Sdaom
tcGit hf a&;? vpmwku
Yd kd cHpm;cGi&hf o
dS nf/
7/ rdcifrsm;? uav;oli,frsm;ESihf ud,
k 0f efaqmiftrsKd ;orD;rsm;onf Oya't&
owfrw S xf m;aom tcGit
hf a&;rsm;udk tnDtrQ cHpm;cGi&hf adS p&rnf/
8/ Edik if aH wmfonf tvkyt f udik cf efx
Y m;&mwGijf zpfap? Edik if 0hH efxrf;a&G;cs,f wm0ef
ay;&mwGijf zpfap owfrw S af om t&nftcsi;f ESihf jynfph ykH gu Ekid if aH wmf\ rnfonfh
Edik if o
H m;udrk Q vlrsKd ;? Zmwd? ud;k uG,&f m bmomomoem? trsK;d om;? trsK;d orD;udk
taMumif;jyKvsuf &mxl;a&G;cs,cf efx Y m;jcif;udk cGjJ cm;rIrjyK&/
od&Yk mwGif trsKd ;om;rsm;ESio hf m avsmu f efoifjh rwfonfh &mxl;wm0efrsm;twGuf
trsKd ;om;rsm;tm; a&G;cs,cf efx Y m;jcif;udk þyk'rf t& t[eft Y wm; rjzpfap&/
9/ rnfolYudkrQ wnfqJOya'ESifhtnDrSwpfyg; toufudkjzpfap? yk*¾dKvfqdkif&m
vGwv
f yfru I jkd zpfap epfemqH;k ½I;H rI r&Sad p&/
10/ Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf Edik if aH wmfvjkH cKH a&;? w&m;Oya'pd;k rd;k a&;? &yf&mG at;csr;f
om,ma&; odrYk [kwf jynfow l \
Ydk ud, k uf siw
hf &m;tusKd ;iSm jy|mef;xm;onfh
Oya'rsm;ESihf rqefu Y siv
f Qif atmufygtcGit hf a&;rsm;udk vGwvf yfpmG oH;k pGJ
aqmif&u G cf iG &hf o
dS nf -
(u) rdrd\ ,HkMunfcsuf? xifjrif,lqcsufrsm;udk vGwfvyfpGm xkwfazmf
ajymqkcd iG ?hf a&;om;jzefaY 0cGi?hf
(c) vufeufrygbJ Nird ;f csr;f pGmpka0;cGi?hf pDwef;vSnv
hf nfciG ?hf
(*) toif;tzGUJ ESihf tpnf;t½H;k rsm; zGUJ pnf;aqmif&u
G cf iG ?hf
(C) wkid ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d wpfrsK;d ESiw
hf pfrsK;d odrYk [kwf wkid ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d tcsi;f csi;f
ukv d nf;aumif;? tjcm;bmom omoemukv d nf;aumif; xdcu kd ef pfemrI
r&Sad pbJ? rdrcd spcf ifjrwfE;kd onfh pum;?pmay? ,Ofaus;rI? ud;k uG,o f nfh
bmom omoemESihf "avhx;kH wrf;rsm;udk vGwv f yfpmG aqmif&u G yf ikd cf iG /hf
 195
11/ Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf Ekid if aH wmftwGi;f rnfonft
h &yfa'oürqkd Oya'ESit
hf nD
tajcpdu k f aexkid cf iG &hf o
dS nf/
12/ Edik if aH wmfonf Edik if o
H m;rsm;\ w&m;0if&&Syd ikd q f idk x
f m;aom a&TUajymif;Ekid af om
ypön;f ? ra&TUajymif;Ekid af omypön;f rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í Oya't& umuG,af y;&rnf/
13/ þzGUJ pnf;yHk tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESihf rqefu Y siv
f Qif Edik if aH wmfonf
EdkifiHom;rsm;\ aetdrfOypmvHkjcHKrI? ypönf;vHkjcHKrI? pmay;pm,lESifh tjcm;
qufo, G af &;qdik &f m vHjk cKH rrI sm;twGuf Oya't& umuG,af y;&rnf/
14/ Edik if aH wmfonf aus;uRejf yKrEI iS hf vluek u
f ;l rIrsm;udk wm;jrpfonf/
15/ Edik if aH wmfonf Oya'usL;vGeí f jypf'Pfay;jcif;udck &H ojzifh tvky'f Pf xrf;aqmif
cdik ;f jcif;ESihf trsm;jynfot
l usKd ;twGuf aqmif&u
G &f ef Edik if aH wmfu Oya'ESit
hf nD
wm0efcsxm;jcif;rSwpfyg; t"r®apcdik ;f jcif;udk wm;jrpfonf/
16/ Nird 0f yfyjd ym;a&;ESiahf omfvnf;aumif;? jynfou Yl ,
kd u
f siwhf &m;ESiahf omfvnf;aumif;?
jynfou Yl se;f rma&;ESiahf omfvnf;aumif;? þzGUJ pnf;yHk tajccHOya'yg tjcm;
jy|mef;csufwdkYESifhaomfvnf;aumif; rqefYusifvQif rnfolrqdk bmom
omoema&;wGif vGwv f yfpmG ,lqEdik af om tcGit hf a&;? vGwv f yfpmG ud;k uG,f
aqmufwnfEikd af om tcGit hf a&;wku
Yd kd tnDtrQ &&S&d rnf/
17/ bmom omoema&;qkid &f m ud;k uG,w
f nfaqmufrEI iS hf qufpyfaeapumrl xko d Ykd
qufpyfaeaom pD;yGm;a&;? b@ma&;? EdkifiHa&;ESifh tjcm;avmuDa&;&m
aqmif&uG rf I wku
Yd kd txufyg bmom omoema&;qdik &f m vGwv f yfciG rhf sm;wGif
ryg0ifap&/
18/ xko d Ykd bmom omoema&;ESihf pyfvsO;f í vGwv
f yfaom tcGit
hf a&;rsm;udk
ay;xm;aomfvnf; trsm;jynfoltusdK;udpöESifh jyKjyifa&;udpöwkdYtwGuf
Edik if aH wmf\ Oya'jyKjcif;udk rwm;jrpf&/
 196
19/ Ak'b
¨ mom omoemawmfonf Edik if aH wmf\ Edik if o H m;trsm;qH;k ud;k uG,&f m
jzpfaom *kPx
f ;l 0daooESijhf ynfph o
kH nfh bmom omoemjzpfonf[k Edik if aH wmfu
todtrSwjf yKonf/
20/ EkdifiHawmfonf c&pf,mefbmom omoem? tpövmrfbmom omoem?
[dEL´ bmom omoemESihf ewfu;kd uG,af ombmomwdu Yk kd þzGUJ pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'
tmPmwnfaomaeYü Edik if aH wmfwiG &f adS eMuaom ud;k uG,&f mbmomrsm;[lí
todtrSwjf yKonf/
21/ Edik if aH wmfu todtrSwjf yKxm;aom bmom omoemrsm;udk Edik if aH wmfu
wwfEikd o f rQ ulnaD pmifah &Smufrnf/
22/ Edik if aH &;udpt ö vdiYk mS bmom omoemudk tvGo J ;kH pm;rjyK&? xdjYk yif vlrsK;d a&;aMumifh
aomfvnf;aumif;? bmoma&;aMumifah omfvnf;aumif; wpfzufEiS w hf pfzuf?
wpf*P kd ;f ESiw hf pf*P
kd ;f rke;f wD;jcif;? &efrjl cif;? pdw0f rf;uGjJ cif;wdYk ay:aygufvmap&ef
&nf&, G af om odrYk [kwf ay:aygufvm&ef taMumif;&Sad om tjyKtrlonf
þzGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'ESihf qefu Y sio f nf? xdt k jyKtrlrsKd ;twGuf tjypf'Pf
ay;Edik &f ef Oya'jy|mef;Edik o f nf/
23/ Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf Oya'ESit hf nD rdrw d t
Ykd jrwfwEd;k xm;&Sad om pmay? ,Ofaus;rI?
tEkynmESihf "avhx;kH wrf;wdu Yk kd vGwv f yfpmG jyKpyk sK;d axmif aqmif&u G yf ikd cf iG &hf o
dS nf/
,if;odYk aqmif&u G &f mwGif wkid ;f &if;om;pnf;vH;k nDñw G af &;udk xdyg;rIr&Sad p&ef
a&SmifMuOf&rnf/ xdt Yk jyif rdrwd \ Ykd aqmif&u G rf oI nf tjcm;wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d
wpfrsK;d udjk zpfap? vlrsK;d rsm;udjk zpfap xdcu kd ef pfemapvQif oufqikd o f rl sm;onf
tcsi;f csi;f n§Ed idI ;f í ajyvnfr&I &SNd y;D rSom aqmif&u G cf iG &hf o
dS nf/
24/ Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf Edik if aH wmfu csrw
S x
f m;aom ynma&;qdik &f m rl0g'rsm;ESit
hf nD
(u) ynmoifMum;ydik cf iG &hf o
dS nf?
 197
(c) Oya'jzifjh y|mef;onfh roifrae& tajccHynmrsm;udk oifMum;&rnf?
(*) odyÜHynm pl;prf;&SmazGrI? pmayESifhtEkynm acwfrDwkd;wufatmif
wDxiG Mf uq
H azmfxwk af &;om;rIEiS hf ,Ofaus;rIupd rö sm;wGif vGwv
f yfpmG
okawoejyK azmfxw k af qmif&u
G cf iG &hf o
dS nf/
25/ Edik if o
H m;wkid ;f onf Ekid if aH wmfu csrwS xf m;aom use;f rma&;qkid &f m rl0g'rsm;
ESit fh nD use;f rma&;apmifah &Smufru I dk cH,cl iG &fh o
dS nf/
26/ Edik if aH wmfonf ynm&nfx;l cReaf om Edik if oH m;rsm;tm; vlrsK;d ? ud;k uG,&f mbmom?
trsKd ;om;? trsKd ;orD; cGjJ cm;rIrxm;&Sb
d J rdrw
d \
Ykd t&nftcsi;f tvdu k f cs;D ajrm§ uf
axmufyrhH nf/
27/ þzGUJ pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'ESijhf zpfap? oufqikd &f m Oya'rsm;ESijhf zpfap rqefu
Y siv
f Qif
EdkifiHom;wdkif;onf jynfolYvTwfawmf? trsKd;om;vTwfawmf? wdkif;a'oBuD;
vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf wpf&yf&yfwiG f a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufciG hf
ESihf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG &hf o
dS nf/
28/ vTwaf wmfwpf&yf&yfrS vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,u f kd oufqikd &f mrJqE´&iS rf sm;u
Oya'ESit
hf nD wm0efrS jyefvnf½yk o
f rd ;f cGi&hf o
dS nf/
29/ Edik if aH wmftwGi;f trsKd ;om;pD;yGm;a&; zGUH NzKd ;wd;k wufapa&;twGuf Ekid if oH m;rsm;
onf pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;udk Oya'ESit hf nD vGwv f yfpmG vkyu
f ikd af qmif&u
G cf iG hf
&So
d nf/
30/ Edik if aH wmfonf trsK;d om;pD;yGm;a&; wd;k wufzUHG NzKd ;rItwGuf enf;ynm? t&if;tES;D ?
pufryI pön;f ? ukeMf urf; tp&So d nfwu Ykd kd &&Sad p&efun l rD nf/
31/ þzGUJ pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv hf nf;aumif;? wnfqOJ ya'rsm;yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv hf nf;aumif; rqefu Y siaf pbJ pD;yGm;a&;udprö sm;udk aqmif&u G f
&mwGif ypön;f ydik q
f idk cf iG ?hf oH;k pGcJ iG Ehf iS hf ud,
k yf ikd w
f x D iG cf iG ?hf rlyikd cf iG w
hf u
Ykd kd Edik if aH wmfu
tmrcHonf/
 198
32/ jypfru I sL;vGeo f l rnfouYl rkd qdk ,if;jypfru I sL;vGeo f nfth csed u
f twnfjzpfvsuf
&Sad om oufqikd &f mOya't&om jypfrx I if&mS ; pD&if&rnf/ xdjYk yif ,if;Oya't&
csrw S Ef ikd af om jypf'Pfxufyí kd k csrw
S jf cif;rjyK&/
33/ wpfO;D wpfa,mufonf pD&ifyikd cf iG &hf adS omw&m;½H;k u jypfrw I pf&yftwGuf jypfrI
xif&mS ; pD&ifjcif;cH&vQijf zpfap? trIrS tNy;D tjywf vTwjf cif;cH&vQijf zpfap tqdyk g
jypfrx
I if&mS ; pD&ifonfph &D ifcsuf odrYk [kwf trIrt
S Ny;D tjywfvw T o f nfh pD&ifcsuu
f kd
tqifjh rifw h &m;½H;k u y,fzsuNf y;D trIukd topfwpfzef jyefvnfppfaq;ap&ef
trdecYf srw
S of nfh tcgrSty ,if;jypfrt I wGuf xdo
k t l m; xyfrpH pfaq;jcif;rjyK&/
34/ jypfru
I sL;vGeaf Mumif; pGypf cGJ &H olwpfO;D OD;onf Oya'ESit
fh nD ckcaH csycGihf &Sad p&rnf/
35/ Edik if aH wmfvNkH cKH a&;? w&m;Oya'pd;k rd;k a&;? trsm;jynfol at;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf
trsm;jynfot l usK;d iSm Oya'ESit
hf nD BuKd wifumuG,x f m;&S&d ef vdt
k yfaomudpö
okrYd [kwf wnfqOJ ya'wpf&yf&yft& cGijhf yKonfu h pd rö w
S pfyg; rnfou Yl rkd Q pD&ifyikd f
cGi&hf adS om w&m;olBu;D \ csKyrf ed rYf &&Sb d J (24) em&Dxufyí kd csKyaf ESmifjcif;rjyK&/
36/ þtcef;ü ay;tyfxm;aom tcGit hf a&;wpf&yf&yfukd &,lvykd gvQif owfrw S cf suf
rsm;ESit
hf nD jynfaxmifpw
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo
f Ykd avQmufxm;,lyikd cf iG hf &S&d rnf/
37/ þtcef;ü ay;tyfxm;aom tcGit hf a&;rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í avQmufxm;vmonfh
udp&ö yfrsm;wGif jynfaxmifpw
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f nf atmufazmfjyyg pmcReaf wmf
trdeYf wpf&yf&yfukd oifah vsmo
f nft h wkid ;f xkwq f ifah y;cGihf tmPm&S&d rnf -
(u) a&SUawmfoiG ;f pmcReaf wmftrde?Yf
(c) tmPmay; pmcReaf wmftrde?Yf
(*) wm;jrpfap pmcReaf wmftrde?Yf
(C) tmPmydik af r; pmcReaf wmftrde?Yf
(i) trIac: pmcReaf wmftrde/Yf
 199
jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyof Ykd tyfEiS ;f onfh pmcReaf wmftrderYf sm; xkwq f ifch iG hf
tmPmonf tjcm;w&m;½H;k rsm;tm; wnfqOJ ya'rsm;t& tyfEiS ;f xm;onfh
pmcReaf wmf trdeo Yf abmrsKd ; oufa&mufonft h rdeYf xkwqf ifyh ikd cf iG t
hf mPmudk
rxdcukd af p&/
38/ atmufazmfjyyg tajctaewpf&yf&yf ay:aygufcsed w f iG f trsm;jynfol vHjk cKH a&;
twGuf vdt k yfonfu
h pd rö w
S pfyg; tyd'k f 36 yg tcGit
hf a&;rsm; awmif;cHciG u hf kd
&yfqikd ;f rxm;& -
(u) ppfrufjzpfymG ;csed ?f
(c) wkid ;f wpfyg;rS usL;ausm0f ifa&mufwu
kd cf u
kd cf sed ?f
(*) qlyal omif;use;f rIrsm; jzpfay:aecsed /f
39/ Edik if jH cm;wkid ;f wpfyg;ESihf qufqaH om Ekid if o
H m;wkid ;f onf jynfwiG ;f üjzpfap? jynfyü
jzpfap Edik if aH wmf\ umuG,af pmifah &Smufru I kd awmif;cHciG &hf o
dS nf/
40/ atmufwiG af zmfjyxm;aom tajctaeESihf tcsed t f cgrSty Ekid if o
H m;rsm;\
w&m;0if&ydik cf iG &hf adS om epfemcsurf sm;twGuf Oya'jzifh owfrw
S x
f m;aom &,l
ydik cf iG rhf sm;udk jiif;y,fjcif;rjyK& -
(u) wkid ;f wpfyg;rS usL;ausm0f ifa&muf wku
d cf u
kd cf sed ?f
(c) qlyal omif;use;f rIrsm; jzpfay:aecsed ?f
(*) ta&;ay:tajctae jzpfay:aecsed /f
41/ umuG,af &;wyfzUJG 0ifrsm; odrYk [kwf Nird 0f yfyjd ym;a&;ESiv
hf jkH cKH a&; wm0efxrf;aqmif
&aom wyfzUJG 0ifrsm;tm; ,if;wd\ Yk wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;udk ausyeG pf mG xrf;aqmif
Ekid af &;ESihf pnf;urf;ao0yfrrI sm; &Sad pa&;wdt
Yk wGuf þtcef;ü ay;tyfxm;aom
 200
tcGithf a&;rsm;teuf uefo
Y wf&ef odrYk [kwf zsuo f rd ;f &ef vdt
k yfaom tcGit
hf a&;
rsm;udk Oya'jy|mef;í uefo
Y wfjcif;? zsuof rd ;f jcif;jyK&rnf/
42/ Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf -
(u) jynfaxmifprk NyKd uaJG &;?
(c) wkid ;f &if;om;pnf;vH;k nDñw
G rf rI NyKd uaJG &;ESihf
(*) tcsKyt
f jcmtmPm wnfwcHh ikd jf raJ &;
wdu
Yk kd apmifx
h ed ;f &ef wm0ef&o
dS nf/
43/ Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf zGUJ pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;udk vdu
k ef mapmifx
h ed ;f &ef
wm0ef&o dS nf/
44/ jynfaxmifpo k r®wjrefrmEdik if aH wmf\ vGwv
f yfa&;? tcsKyt
f jcmtmPmESihf e,fajr
wnfwchH ikd Nf raJ &;wku
Yd kd umuG,af pmifah &Smufa&;onf Edik if oH m;wdik ;f \ wm0ef
jzpfonf/
45/ Ekid if o
H m;wkid ;f onf Oya'jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit
hf nD ppfynmoifMum;&efEiS hf Edik if aH wmf
umuG,af &;twGuf ppfrx I rf;&ef wm0ef&o dS nf/
46/ EdkifiHom;wkdif;onf jynfaxmifpkpdwf"mwfudk tajccHí wdkif;&if;om;vlrsdK;
tcsi;f csi;f pnf;vH;k nDñw
G af &;ESihf jynfow
l pf&yfv;kH at;csr;f om,ma&;wdt
Yk wGuf
BuKd ;yrf;tm;xkwf aqmif&u G &f ef wm0ef&o dS nf/
47/ acwfrzD NYHG zKd ;wd;k wufaom Edik if aH wmfBu;D ay:xGe;f apa&;onf Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f \
wm0ef jzpfonf/
48/ Edik if o
H m;wdik ;f onf Oya't&ay;aqmif&rnfh tcGet
f aumufrsm;udk ay;aqmif&ef
wm0ef&o dS nf/
 201
49/ Ekid if o
H m;wkid ;f onf atmufazmfjyygudp&ö yfrsm;wGif Ekid if aH wmftm; uln&D ef wm0ef
&So d nf -
(u) trsKd ;om;,Ofaus;rI tarGtESpw
f u
Ykd kd xde;f odr;f apmihaf &Smufjcif;?
(c) obm0ywf0ef;usiw
f u
Ykd kd xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smufjcif;?
(*) vlpY rG ;f tm;t&if;tjrpf (Human Resources) zHUG NzKd ;wd;k wufa&; jrihrf m;vm
ap&ef BuKd ;yrf;jcif;?
(C) trsm;jynfoyl ikd yf pön;f rsm;ukd xde;f odr;f apmihaf &Smufjcif;/
50/ þtcef;ESit hf cef;(1)? Ekid if aH wmftajccHrrl sm;tcef;yg ]Edik if aH wmf} qdo k nfrmS
a&SUaemuf pum;&yfw\ Ykd t"dymÜ ,fuakd xmufí þzGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't&
Oya'jyKrI tcGithf mPmudak omfvnf;aumif;? tkycf sKyrf t I cGit hf mPmudak omf
vnf;aumif; usio hf ;kH aom tzGUJ tpnf; okrYd [kwf yk*Kd¾ vu
f kd qkv d o kd nf/
 tcef; (9)
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;tcef;

Chapter (IX)

Election
 203
tcef; ( 9 )
a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;

vTwaf wmfrsm;odUk jynfoUl ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;

1/ vTwaf wmfrsm;odUk jynfoUl ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;udk a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf&mwGif -
(u) a&G;aumufyJ G pwifusi;f yonfah eU&ufü touf (18) ESpf jynfí h Oya't&
t&nftcsif;ysuf,Gif;ol r[kwfonfhtjyif qE´rJay;ydkifcGifh&Sdaom
Edik if o H m;ESihf Oya't& qE´raJ y;cGi&hf o dS wl ikd ;f onf qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &hf o
dS nf/
( c ) qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &hf adS om Edik if o H m;ESihf Oya't& qE´raJ y;cGi&hf o dS w l ikd ;f onf
a&G;aumufyw JG pf&yfü rJqE´e,fwpfe,fwiG f vTwaf wmfwpf&yfpt D wGuf
qE´rw J pfro J m ay;ydik cf iG &hf o
dS nf/
( * ) xkt Yd jyif zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG hf
&Sdaom oufqdkif&m wkdif;&if;om;rsm;onf rdrdwdkU\ wdkif;a'oBuD;
odUk r[kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmftwGuf wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d vTwaf wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm; a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf&mwGiv f nf; qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG hf
&So d nf?
(C) vQKUd 0Suf qE´raJ y;jcif;pepfukd usio hf ;Hk &rnf/
2/ atmufygyk*Kd¾ vrf sm;onf qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG rhf &Sad p& -
(u) omoemh0efxrf;rsm;?
( c ) axmif'PfuscaH e&olrsm;?
( * ) pdwaf yghoyG af eonf[k oufqikd &f mOya'u jy|mef;xm;onft h wkid ;f
owfrw S jf cif;cH&olrsm;?
(C) vlrt JG jzpf qk;H jzwfaMunmcHxm;&jcif;rS vGwaf jrmufciG hf r&ao;olrsm;?
( i ) a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;qdik &f m Oya't& wm;jrpfjcif;cH&olrsm;/
 204
3/ vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,af vmif;wpfO;D onf a&G;aumufyw JG pf&yfwiG f -
(u) vTwaf wmfwpf&yftwGuo f m a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG hf &So d nf?
( c ) rJqE´e,fwpfe,fwiG o f m a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H ef ,SONf yKd icf iG &hf o dS nf/
4/ (u) jynfaxmifpek ,fajr odUk r[kwf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu Oya'jy|mef;í
owfrw S x f m;aom jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;twGi;f rSw D if;aexdik Mf uaom
rJ q E´ & S i f r sm;onf jynf o l U vT w f a wmf E S i f h trsKd ; om;vT w f a wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;udo k m a&G;aumuf wifajrm§ ufciG &hf o dS nf/
( c ) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfu Oya'jy|mef;í jynfaxmifpek ,fajrtjzpf
owfrw S v f u
kd af om e,fajrwpfcck rk S a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufxm;onfh
wkid ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmf ud,k pf m;vS,o f nf Oya'wGif
oD;jcm;cGijhfyKxm;jcif;r&Sv d Qif ,if;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,t f jzpf qufvuf
&yfwnfyikd cf iG hf r&Sad p&/
5/ þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t&aomfvnf;aumif;? a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufjcif;qdik &f mOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t&aomfvnf;aumif; t&nftcsi;f
ysu, f iG ;f olr[kwyf gu Edik if o H m;wdik ;f onf vTwaf wmfwpf&yf&yfoUkd a&G;aumuf
wifajrm§ ufcyH ikd cf iG hf &So d nf/
vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,w f m0efrS jyefvnf½yk o f rd ;f jcif;
6/ (u) vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,w f pfO;D udk atmufygtaMumif; wpf&yf&yfaMumifh
wm0efrS jyefvnf½yk o f rd ;f cGi&hf o
dS nf -
(1) Edik if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfukd azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfukd azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf ud m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGif owfrSwfxm;onfh oufqkdif&m
vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,\ f t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
 205
(c) oufqikd &f m rJqE´e,f\ rlvrJqE´&iS rf sm;teuf tenf;qk;H wpf&mckid Ef eI ;f
wdu Yk wm0efrS jyefvnf½yk o f rd ;f vkad om vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,Ef iS fh
ywfoufonhf wdik w f ef;csuu f kd jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Six f H
wifjy&rnf?
( * ) jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Siu f Oya'ESit fh nD pkpH rf;ppfaq;&rnf?
(C) pGypf cJG suu f kd pkpH rf;ppfaq;onht f cg oufqikd &f m vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f
ud, k w f ikd af omfvnf;aumif;? ud, k pf m;vS,jf zihaf omfvnf;aumif; acsycGifh
ay;&rnf?
( i ) jynfaxmifpak &G;aumufyaJG umfr&Siu f xdpk yG pf cJG suof nf rSeu f efNy;D pGypf JG
cH&olonf vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf qufvufxrf;&Gufap&ef
roihaf Mumif; oabm&&Sv d Qif jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Sio f nf
Oya'ESit fh nD aqmif&u G &f rnf/
7/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfonf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufjcif;qdkif&mudpörsm;ESihf
pyfvsOf;ívnf;aumif;? wm0efrS jyefvnf½kyfodrf;jcif;qdkif&mudpörsm;ESihf
pyfvsO;f ívnf;aumif; vkt d yfaom Oya'rsm;udk jy|mef;&rnf/
jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Sif zJUG pnf;jcif;
8/ (u) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Siw f pf&yfukd
zGUJ pnf;&rnf/ ,if;odYk zGUJ pnf;&mwGif zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jynfaxmifpk
0efBu;D cefx Y m;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f onhf jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit fh nD jynfaxmifpk
a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&SiOf uú| tygt0if tzGUJ 0if tenf;qk;H (5) OD;udk
ceft Y yf wm0efay;Edik o f nf?
( c ) jynfaxmifpak &G;aumufyaJG umfr&SiOf uú|ESifh tzGUJ 0ifrsm;onf -
(1) touf (50) ESpjf ynfNh y;D oljzpf&rnf?
(2) touf uefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfov Yl wT af wmf ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;
twGuf owfrw S x f m;onhf t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh jynfph o Hk jl zpf&rnf?
 206
(3) (uu) jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;
vTwaf wmfcsKyf w&m;olBu;D tjzpfjzpfap? wdik ;f a'oBu;D
odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D tjzpf
jzpfap? tvm;wl &mxl;wm0efwpfckckwGifjzpfap
tenf;qk;H (5) ESpf aqmif&u G cf o hJ jl zpf&rnf odrYk [kwf
( c c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftqifx h uf redrahf om
w&m;a&;0efxrf; odkYr[kwf Oya'0efxrf;&mxl;wGif
tenf;qk;H (10) ESpf wm0efxrf;aqmifco hJ l jzpf&rnf
odrYk [kwf
( * * ) w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae (Advocate) tjzpf tenf;qk;H (20)
ESpf trIvu dk yf gaqmif&u G cf ohJ l jzpf&rnf odrYk [kwf
(CC) xifay:ausmMf um;onhf *kPo f wif;&Sad omyk*K¾d vt f jzpf
Edik if aH wmfor®wu ,lqol jzpf&rnf/
(4) odum© orm"dEiS fh jynfph NHk y;D tawGUtBuKH &ihu f suo f jl zpf&rnf?
(5) jynfoUl vTwaf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcH
ykid cf iG fh r&Sad paom jy|mef;csurf sm;ESiv fh nf; oufqidk af p&rnf?
(6) Edik if aH wmfEiS fh Edik if o H m;rsm;tay: opöm&So d jl zpf&rnf?
(7) Edik if aH &;ygwD0ifr[kwo f jl zpf&rnf?
(8) vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf [kwo f jl zpf&rnf?
(9) vpm? p&dwf? aMu;aiG&aom tjcm;rnfonfh &mxl;udkrQ
vufcjH cif;rjyKol jzpf&rnf/
jynfaxmifpak &G;aumufyaJG umfr&Si\ f wm0efrsm;
9/ jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Si\ f wm0efrsm;rSm atmufygtwdik ;f jzpfonf-
(u) vTwaf wmfa&G;aumufyrJG sm; usi;f yjcif;?
( c ) vTwaf wmfa&G;aumufyrJG sm;udk Bu;D Muyfjcif;? aumfr&Sit f zGUJ cGJ tqifq h ifuh kd
zGUJ pnf;jcif;? Bu;D Muyfapjcif;?
 207
(*) rJqE´e,frsm; owfrw S jf cif;? jyifqifjcif;?
(C) rJpm&if;rsm; jyKpjk cif;? jyifqifjcif;?
(i) obm0ab;tEÅ&m,faMumifhaomfvnf;aumif;? e,fajrvHkjcHKa&;
tajctaet&aomfvnf;aumif; vGwv f yfNy;D w&m;rQwaom a&G;aumufyJ G
usi;f yEdik jf cif;r&So d nfh rJqE´e,frsm;\ a&G;aumufyrJG sm;udk a½TUqdik ;f jcif;?
( p ) a&G;aumufyq JG ikd &f m odrYk [kwf Edik if aH &;ygwDrsm;qdik &f m enf;Oya'rsm;udk
zGUJ pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nDvnf;aumif;? vkyx f ;kH
vkyef nf;rsm;? ñTeMf um;csuf ponfrsm;udk oufqikd &f m Oya'rsm;ESit hf nD
vnf;aumif; xkwjf yefjcif;?
(q) a&G;aumufyq JG ikd &f m tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;udk ppfaq;Edik af &;twGuf Oya'ESit hf nD
a&G;aumufycJG t kH zGUJ rsm; zGUJ pnf;jcif;?
( Z ) Oya'wpf&yf&yft& ay;tyfonfw h m0efrsm;udk xrf;aqmifjcif;/
jynfaxmifpak &G;aumufyJG aumfr&SiOf uú| odrYk [kwf tzGUJ 0ifrsm;tm; pGypf jGJ ypfwifjcif;
10/ (u) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpak &G;aumufyJG aumfr&SiOf uú| odrYk [kwf
tzGUJ 0if wpfO;D OD;tm; atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yfjzihf pGypf jJG ypfwif
Edik of nf -
(1) Edik if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfukd azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfukd azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf u d m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'wGif oufqikd &f myk*Kd¾ vt f wGuf owfrw S f
xm;onfh t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
 208
(c) jynfaxmifpk w&m;olBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf
w&m;olBuD;wpfOD;OD;udk pGyfpGJjypfwifjcif;ESihf pyfvsOf;onhf zGJUpnf;ykH
tajccHOya'yg jy|mef;xm;onhf enf;vrf;rsm;ESit fh nD aqmif&u G &f rnf/
11/ (u) jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyGJaumfr&SifOuú| odkYr[kwf tzGJU0ifonf
&mxl;wm0ef xrf;aqmifaepOf taMumif;wpfcck ak Mumifh rdro d abmqE´
tavsmuf &mxl;rS Ekwx f uG v
f vkd Qif xdok Ukd Ekwx f uG v f akd Mumif; Edik if aH wmf
or®wxH pmjzifw h ifjyNy;D &mxl;rS Ekwx f u G Ef ikd o f nf?
( c ) &mxl;rS Ekwx f u G jf cif;aMumifjzh pfap? wm0efrS &yfpcJ &H jcif;aMumifjh zpfap?
uG,fvGefjcif;aMumifhjzpfap? tjcm;taMumif; wpfckckaMumifhjzpfap
jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&SiOf uú| odrYk [kwf tzGUJ 0ifae&m vpfvyf
vQif Edik if aH wmfor®wonf zGpYJ nf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D
cefx Y m;jcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f onfh jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Sif
Ouú|topf odrYk [kwf tzGUJ 0iftopftm; ceft Y yf wm0efay;Edik o f nf?
( * ) jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyGJaumfr&SifOuú| odkYr[kwf tzGJY0ifonf
Edik if 0Hh efxrf;jzpfvQif jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&SiOf uú| odrYk [kwf
tzG0YJ iftjzpf ceft Y yfwm0ef ay;jcif;cH&onfah eYrpS í wnfq0J efxrf;
pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESifhtnD EdkifihH0efxrf;tjzpfrS tNidrf;pm;,lNyD;
jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf/
jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&Si\ f qH;k jzwfcsu?f aqmif&u G cf surf sm;
12/ atmufyg udpö&yfrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf;í jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyGJaumfr&Sif\
qH;k jzwfcsu?f aqmif&u G cf suo f nf tNy;D tjywftwnfjzpfap&rnf/
(u) a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufjcif;qdik &f mvkyif ef;rsm;?
( c ) a&G;aumufycJG t kH zGUJ rsm;\ qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;? trderYf sm;ESihf pyfvsO;f onfh
t,lcrH rI sm;? jyifqifrrI sm;?
( * ) Edik if aH &;ygwDqikd &f m Oya't&aqmif&u G af omudp&ö yfrsm;/
 209
13/ jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyGJaumfr&SifOuú|ESifh tzGJY0ifrsm;\ wm0efrsm;?
vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;ESihf &ydik cf iG rhf sm;udk Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
14/ jynfaxmifpk a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&SiOf uú|ESihf tzGUJ 0ifrsm;\wm0efrsm;? vkyyf ikd cf iG hf
rsm;ESihf &ydik cf iG rhf sm;udk Oya'jzifjh y|mef;onft h cg rSjD irf;jyKEikd af &;twGuf jynfaxmifpk
a&G;aumufyaJG umfr&SiOf uú|udk 'kw, d or®wtqifh owfrw S o
f nf/ aumfr&Sif
tzG0YJ ifukd jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqifh owfrw S o
f nf/
 tcef; (10)
Edik if aH &;ygwDrsm;tcef;

Chapter (X)
Political Parties
 211
tcef; ( 10 )
Edik if aH &;ygwDrsm;

Ekid if aH &;ygwDrsm;zJUG pnf;jcif;

1/ Edik if aH &;ygwDrsm;onf -
(u) jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&;? wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDñGwfrIrNydKuGJa&;ESifh
tcsKyt f jcmtmPm wnfwchH ikd Nf raJ &;wdu Yk kd OD;wnfcsux f m;&So d nf?
( c ) Edik if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömudk apmiho f ½d akd o&ef wm0ef&o dS nf/
2/ Edik if aH &;ygwDwpf&yfonf -
(u) ppfreS í f pnf;urf;jynf0h aom ygwDp'kH rD u kd a&pDpepfukd vufcu H siohf ;kH &rnf?
( c ) zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'ESihf wnfqOJ ya'rsm;udk av;pm;vdu k ef m&rnf?
( * ) Edik if aH &;ygwDtjzpf Oya'ESit hf nD zGUJ pnf;rSwyf w kH ifxm;&rnf/
3/ Edik if aH &;ygwDwpf&yfonf Edik if aH wmftwGi;f Oya'ESit hf nD -
(u) vGwv f yfpmG pnf;½H;k cGi&fh o
dS nf?
(c) a&G;aumufyrJG sm;wGif yg0if,OS Nf yKd icf iG &hf o
dS nf/
Edik if aH &;ygwDrsm; &yfwnfyidk cf iG rhf &Sjd cif;
4/ Edik if aH &;ygwDwpf&yf&yfonf atmufygtaMumif;wpfcck Ek iS hf Nipd eG ;f vQif qufvuf
&yfwnfyikd cf iG hf r&Sad p& -
(u) wnfqOJ ya't& rw&m;toif;tjzpf aMunmcH&jcif;?
( c ) Edik if aH wmftm; vufeufpu JG ikd í
f awmfveS yf ek u f efaeaom aomif;use;f ol
tzGt YJ pnf;? tMurf;zufvyk &f yfrsm;ukd usL;vGeo f nf[k Ekid if aH wmfu
owfrw S af om tzJUG tpnf;ESihf yk*Kd¾ vrf sm; okrYd [kwf rw&m;toif;tjzpf
aMunmcHxm;&aom tzJUG tpnf;ESihf wdu k ½f u kd jf zpfap? oG,0f u
kd íf jzpfap
qufo, G jf cif; okrYd [kwf tm;ay;ulnjD cif;?
 212
(*) Edik if jH cm;wdik ;f jynfwpfcck rk S tpd;k & odrYk [kwf bmoma&;tzGUJ tpnf;
odrYk [kwf tjcm;tzGUJ tpnf;wpfcck k odUk r[kwf yk*Kd¾ vw f pfO;D OD;xHrS aiGaMu;?
ypön;f ? tjcm;taxmuftyHu h kd wdu
k ½f u kd jf zpfap? oG,0f u kd íf jzpfap &,l
oH;k pGjJ cif;?
(C) bmoma&;udk Edik if aH &;twGuf tvGo J ;kH pm;jyKjcif;/
5/ Edik if aH &;ygwDwpf&yf&yfonf tyd'k f 4? tyd'k cf JG (u)? (c)? (*) odrYk [kwf (C) yg
jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfEiS hf Nipd eG ;f aMumif; rSwyf w kH ifciG ahf y;Edik af om tzGUJ tpnf;u
awGU&Sv d Qif Edik if aH &;ygwDtjzpf rSwyf w kH ifxm;jcif;udk y,fzsu&f rnf/
6/ jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfonf Edik if aH &;ygwDrsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f onfh vdt k yfaom
Oya'rsm;udk jy|mef;&rnf/
 tcef; (11)
ta&;ay:umvqdik &f mjy|mef;csurf sm;tcef;

Chapter (XI)

Provisions on State of Emergency

 213
tcef; ( 11 )
ta&;ay:umvqdik &f m jy|mef;csurf sm;

1/ wdik ;f a'oBu;D wpfcw k iG jf zpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fwiG jf zpfap? jynfaxmifpek ,fajr

wpfcw k iG jf zpfap? ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpw k pfpw k iG jf zpfap tkycf sKyaf &;qkid &f m
vkyif ef;rsm;udk zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit fh nD aqmif&u G Ef ikd pf rG ;f
r&Sad Mumif; od&v dS Qiaf omfvnf;aumif;? oufqikd &f ma'otmPmydik t f zGUJ tpnf;u
wifjyvQiaf omfvnf;aumif; Edik if aH wmfor®wonf trsK;d om;umuG,af &;ESifh
vHNk cKH a&;aumifpED iS fh n§Ed iId ;f jy;D Oya'uJo h Ukd tmPmwnfonfh trdex Yf wk jf yefí
ta&;ay:tajctae aMunmEkid o f nf/
2/ tyd'k f (1) t& ta&;ay:tajctae aMunmonfu h pd &ö yfwiG f Ekid if aH wmfor®w
onf -
(u) oufqikd &f m wdik ;f a'oBu;D ? jynfe,f odUk r[kwf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf
pD&ifp\ k tkycf sKyaf &;tmPmudk &,lo;kH pJcG iG &hf o dS nf/ xdUk tjyif ,if;
tkycf sKyaf &;tmPmudk oihaf vsmo f nfh tzJUG tpnf;wpf&yf&yf zGUJ pnf;í
jzpfap? oihaf vsmo f nfh yk*Kd¾ vw f pfO;D OD;tm;jzpfap tyfEiS ;f aqmif&u G f
apEkid o f nf?
( c ) ,if;odaYk qmif&u G &f mwGif vdt k yfygu oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D ? jynfe,f
odUk r[kwf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifprk sm;u Oya'jyKyikd cf iG &fh adS om udp&ö yfrsm;
teuf tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f mudp&ö yfrsm;twGuf Oya'jyKciG t fh mPmudo k m
usio fh ;kH cGi&hf o
dS nf? odUk &mwGif Oya'jyKciG t fh mPmudrk l rnfonft h zJUG tpnf;
odUk r[kwf rnfonfyh *k K¾d vu f rkd Q tyfEiS ;f aqmif&u G af pjcif;rjyK&/
3/ (u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D wpfcw k iG jf zpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fwiG jf zpfap? jynfaxmifpk
e,fajrwpfcw k iG jf zpfap? ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpw k pfpw k iG jf zpfap?
,if;wd\ Yk wpfpw d w f pfa'owGijf zpfap jynforl sm;\ touft;kd tdrf
 214
pnf;pdru f kd xdyg;tEÅ&m,fjyKrnfh ta&;ay:tajctae ay:aygufvQif
odrYk [kwf xdo k aYkd y:ayguf&ef vHak vmufaom taMumif;&Sad Mumif; od&v dS Qif
aomfvnf;aumif;? xdkodkUay:ayguf&ef vkHavmufaom taMumif;
&Sad Mumif; oufqikd &f ma'otmPmydik f tzGUJ tpnf;u wifjyvQiaf omf
vnf;aumif; Edik if aH wmfor®wonf trsK;d om;umuG,af &;ESifh vHNk cKH a&;
aumifpED iS fh n§Ed idI ;f Ny;D Oya'uJo h Ukd tmPmwnfonfh trdeUf xkwjf yefNy;D
ta&;ay:tajctae aMunmEkid o f nf?
( c ) txuftyd'k cf JG (u) t& Edik if aH wmfor®wonf trsK;d om;umuG,af &;ESifh
vkNH cKaH &;aumifpED iS fh n§Ed idI ;f &mwGif tzGUJ 0ifrsm;pkn H pD mG wufa&mufEikd jf cif;
r&Syd gu tzGUJ 0ifrsm;jzpfaom wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKy?f 'kw, d
wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKy?f umuG,af &;0efBu;D Xme0efBu;D ? jynfxaJ &;
0efBu;D Xme0efBu;D wdUk ESifh n§Ed idI ;f Ny;D ta&;ay:tajctaeudk tcsed rf D xkwjf yef
aMunmEdik o f nf/ ,if;odYk xkwjf yefaMunmcsuu f kd trsK;d om;umuG,af &;
ESiv fh NHk cKaH &;aumifpo D Ykd tjrefq;Hk wifjytwnfjyKcsuf &,l&rnf/
4/ tyd'k f 3 t& ta&;ay:tajctaeaMunmonfh udp&ö yfwiG f -
(u) ta&;ay:tajctae aMunmcsuf tusK;d oufa&mufonfh e,fajra'o
twGi;f rlvtajctaeodUk tjrefjyefvnfa&muf&adS pjcif;iSm a'oqdik &f m
tmPmydik t f zGt YJ pnf;rsm;? ,if;tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm;? e,fbufqikd &f m
0efxrf;tzJUG tpnf;rsm;? ,if;tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm;u wnfqOJ ya'rsm;
ESit fh nD wm0efxrf;aqmif&mwGif xda&mufr&I adS p&ef wyfrawmf\
tultnDukd &,laqmif&u G Ef ikd o f nf?
( c ) Edik if aH wmfor®wonf vdt k yfygu ppftyk cf sKyaf &;trdew Yf pf&yf xkwjf yefEikd f
onf/ ,if;ppftyk cf sKyaf &;trdew Yf iG f wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyt f m;
tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f m vkyyf ikd cf iG Efh iS fh wm0efrsm;udv k nf;aumif;? &yf&mG at;csr;f
om,ma&;ESifh w&m;Oya'pd;k rd;k a&;ESio fh ufqikd o
f nfh w&m;pD&ifa&;qdik &f m
 215
vkyyf ikd cf iG Ehf iS fh wm0efrsm;udv k nf;aumif; owfrw S af y;&rnf/ wyfrawmf
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyo f nf ,if;vkyyf ikd cf iG fh ESifh wm0efrsm;udk rdru d ,
kd wf ikd f
usio fh ;kH aqmif&u G jf cif; odrYk [kwf oihaf vsmo f nfh ppfbuftmPmydik f
wpfO;D OD;udk usio hf ;kH aqmif&u G af pjcif; jyKEikd o
f nf/
5/ Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf Oya'uJo h Ukd tmPmwnfonft h rdeYf xkwjf yefí ta&;ay:
tajctae aMunmonft h cg -
(u) ,if;trdeUf wGif ta&;ay:tajctae tusK;d oufa&mufonfh e,fajr
a'oESifh tcsed u f mvwdUk udk owfrw S af zmfjy&rnf?
( c ) vdt k yfygu ta&;ay:tajctae tusK;d oufa&mufonfh e,fajra'o
twGi;f aexdik Mf uaom Ekid if o H m;rsm;\ rlvtcGit hf a&; wpf&yf&yfujkdzpfap?
wpf&yfxufyí kd jzpfap vdt k yfovdk uefo Y wfEidk of nf odrYk [kwf &yfqikd ;f Edik f
onf/
6/ Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf ta&;ay:tajctaeaMunmí tyd'k f 1 ESifh 2 t& ta&;,l
aqmif&u G cf surf sm;udv k nf;aumif;? tyd'k f 3 ESifh 4 t& ta&;,l aqmif&u G f
csurf sm;udv k nf;aumif; trdex Yf w k jf yefonfah eYrS -
(u) &ufaygif; (60) twGi;f teD;uyfq;kH jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf tpnf;ta0;
odw Yk ifjyí twnfjyKcsu&f ,l&rnf?
( c ) &ufaygif; (60) twGi;f jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf yHrk eS t f pnf;ta0;usi;f y&ef
r&Sv d Qif jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0; ac:,lusi;f y
apvsuf wifjyí twnfjyKcsuf &,l&rnf/
7/ tydk'f 6 t& EkdifiHawmfor®w\wifjycsufudk jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0;u -
(u) twnfjyKvQif Oya'uJhokdY tmPmwnfaomtrdefYonf owfrSwf
xm;onfh aeY&ufEiS hf tcsed u f mvukeq f ;kH onftxd tmPmwnf&rnf?
 216
(c) twnfjyKonft h jyif tcsed u f mvxyfrH wd;k jri§ o hf wfrw S vf Qif xkOd ya'
uJo h Ydk tmPmwnfaomtrdeo Yf nf wd;k jri§ o hf wfrw S o f nfh aeY&ufEiS hf
tcsed u f mv ukeq f ;kH onftxd tmPmwnf&rnf?
( * ) twnfrjyKvQif twnfrjyKonfhaeY&ufESihf tcsdefumvupwifí
tmPmwnfjcif;rS &yfp&J rnf/
8/ EkdifiHawmf\ tcsKyftjcmtmPmudk qlylaomif;usef;rI? tMurf;zufrIESifh
t"r®enf;rsm;jzihf &,l&efaqmif&u G jf cif; odUk r[kwf MuKd ;yrf;tm;xkwjf cif;aMumihf
jynfaxmifpk NyKd uaGJ prnf?h wdik ;f &if;om;pnf;vH;k nDñw G rf I NyKd uaGJ prnfh odUk r[kwf
tcsKyt f jcmtmPm vufvw G q f ;kH ½H;I aprnfh ta&;ay:tajctae ay:aygufvQif
odrYk [kwf ay:ayguf&ef vHak vmufaom taMumif;awGU&Sv d Qif Ekid if aH wmfor®w
onf trsK;d om;umuG,af &;ESifh vHNk cKH a&;aumifpED iS hf ndE§ idI ;f Ny;D Oya'uJo h Ydk tmPm
wnfonft h rdeYf xkwjf yefí ta&;ay:tajctae aMunmEkid o f nf/ ,if;trdeUf
wGif ta&;ay:tajctae tusK;d oufa&mufonfh e,fajra'oonf Ekid if H
wpf0ef;vH;k jzpfaMumif;ESifh tcsed u f mvowfrw S cf suo f nf trdex Yf w k jf yefonfah eYrS
wpfEpS t f xdjzpfaMumif; azmfjy&rnf/
9/ (u) tyd'k f 8 t& ta&;ay:tajctae aMunmonhf udp&ö yfwiG f Ekid if aH wmf
or®wonf Ekid if aH wmftwGi;f rlvtajctaeokYd tjrefjyefvnfa&muf&dS
apjcif;iSm vkt d yfonhf ta&;,laqmif&u G rf rI sm;jyKEidk &f ef wyfrawmf
umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyftm; EkdifiHawmf\Oya'jyKa&;? tkyfcsKyfa&;ESihf
w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmrsm;ukd vJt T yfaMumif; aMunm&rnf/ ,if;okYd
aMunmonhaf eYrpS í vTwaf wmftm;vH;k ESifh OD;pD;tzJUG rsm;\ Oya'jyKa&;
qkid &f m vkyif ef;rsm;ukd &yfqidk ;f xm;onf[k rSw, f &l rnf/ ,if;vTwaf wmf
rsm;\oufwrf; ukeq f ;kH onht f cg oufqidk &f mvTwaf wmfrsm;onf tvkd
tavsmuf zsuo f rd ;f Ny;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
 217
(c) xkdokdY wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyftm; EkdifiHawmf\tmPmukd
vJtT yfaqmif&u G af ponhf aeY&ufrpS í zJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'wGif rnfoyYdk if
jy|mef;yg&Sad pumrl Ekid if aH wmfor®wESifh 'kw, d or®wrsm;rSty zJUG pnf;yHk
tajccHOya'ESit fh nD oufqidk &f mvTwaf wmfrsm;\ oabmwlncD sujf zihf
ceft Y yfwm0efay;xm;aom tzJUG tpnf;0ifrsm;? uk, d yf idk t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf
wkid ;f OD;pD;tzJUG okrYd [kwf uk, d yf idk tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzJUG 0ifrsm;tm;
wm0efr&S yfpNJ y;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf/
10/ EkdifiHawmftmPm vJTtyfjcif;cH&onhf wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfonf
Oya'jyKa&;tmPm? tkyfcsKyfa&;tmPmESihf w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmwkdYukd
usio fh ;kH aqmif&u G cf iG fh &So d nf/ wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyo f nf Oya'jyKa&;
tmPmukd rdru d , dk wf idk jf zpfap? rdru d , dk wf idk yf g0ifonhf tzJUG tpnf;wpf&yf zJUG pnf;í
jzpfap usifhoHk;aqmif&GufEkdifonf/ tkyfcsKyfa&;tmPmESihf w&m;pD&ifa&;
tmPmrsm;ukd oihfavsmfonhf tzJGUtpnf;wpf&yf&yfukd zJGUpnf;íjzpfap?
oifah vsmo f nhf yk*Kd¾ vw f pfO;D OD;tm;jzpfap vJt T yfusio fh ;kH aqmif&u G af pEkid o f nf/
11/ wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyo f nf ta&;ay:tajctae aMunmxm;pOf
umvtwGi;f vkt d yfonhf e,fajra'owGif Ekid if o H m;rsm;\ rlvtcGit fh a&;
wpf&yf&yfudk jzpfap? wpf&yfxufyí dk jzpfap vkt d yfovkd uefo Y wfEidk of nf okrYd [kwf
&yfqidk ;f Ekid o f nf/
12/ Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf -
(u) tykd'f 8 ESihf 9 t& ta&;ay:tajctaeaMunmí wyfrawmf
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyt f m; Ekid if aH wmftmPm vJt T yfaqmif&u G af ponhf
udpu ö dk jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf yHrk eS t f pnf;ta0; usi;f ycsed jf zpfvQif
,if;tpnf;ta0;odjYk zpfap? jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf yHrk eS t f pnf;ta0;
usi;f ycsed rf [kwv f Qif jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;
ac:,lapíjzpfap tpD&ifcw H ifjy&rnf?
 218
(c) wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f ¤if;tm;ay;tyfxm;onfh wm0efudk
Ny;D ajrmufatmif aqmif&u G jf cif; rjyKEidk af o;ojzifh owfrw S t f csed u f mv
wk;d jri§ afh y;&ef tusKd ;taMumif;azmfjyvsuf wifjyvmygu trsK;d om;
umuG,af &;ESifh vkNH cKaH &;aumifpED iS fh n§Ed idI ;f Ny;D omreftm;jzifh wpfBurd v f Qif
ajcmufvtxd ESpBf urd w f ;dk jri§ afh y;Ekid o f nf/ ,if;okYd wk;d jri§ afh y;onhu f pd u ö dk
jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0; ac:,lapí tpD&ifcH
wifjy&rnf/
13/ Ekid if aH wmfor®wonf wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f ¤if;tm;ay;tyf
xm;onhw f m0efudk Ny;D ajrmufatmifaqmif&u G Nf y;D pD;aMumif; wifjyvmonht f cg
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoufwrf; rukeq f ;kH ao;ygu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf
ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0; ac:,lapí tpD&ifcHwifjyNyD;onhfaeYrSpíjzpfap?
jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf oufwrf;ukeq f ;kH Ny;D jzpfygu wyfrawmfumuG,af &;
OD;pD;csKyx f rH S wifjycsuf vufc&H &So d nhaf eYrpS íjzpfap tyk'd f 9 t& wyfrawmf
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyt f m; Ekid if aH wmftmPm vJt T yfaqmif&u G af pcJo
h nht f rdeu Yf dk
trsK;d om;umuG,af &;ESifh vkNH cKaH &;aumifpED iS n fh Ed§ idI ;f Ny;D y,fzsuaf Mumif; aMunm
&rnf/
14/ EkdifiHawmfor®wonf tykd'f 13 t& wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfxHrS
tpD&ifcpH mukd &&So d nht f cg jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfoufwrf; rukeq f ;kH ao;ygu
vTwaf wmftm;vH;k ESifh OD;pD;tzJUG rsm;\ Oya'jyKa&;qkid &f m vkyif ef;rsm;tm; ,m,D
&yfqidk ;f xm;jcif;ukd y,fzsu&f rnf/ xkaYd emuf zJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg tkycf sKyaf &;ESifh
w&m;pD&ifa&;qkid &f m tzJUG tpnf;topfrsm;ukd zJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'ESit fh nD
zJUG pnf;wm0efay;tyf&rnf/ ,if;tzJUG tpnf;rsm;onf use&f adS om vTwaf wmf
oufwrf;twGuo f m wm0efxrf;aqmif&rnf/
15/ EkdifiHawmfor®wESifh 'kwd,or®wrsm;onfvnf;aumif;? jynfolYvTwfawmf
Ouú|ESihf trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmf Ouú|wko Yd nfvnf;aumif;? jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf
 219
oufwrf;ukeq f ;Hk apumrl zJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ESit hf nD Ekid if aH wmfor®wtopfEiS hf
'kwd,or®wtopfwkdYukdvnf;aumif;? jynfolUvTwfawmfOuú|topfESifh
trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfOuú|topfwu Ydk v dk nf;aumif; a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufNy;D onf
txd qufvufwnf&o dS nf/
16/ trsK;d om;umuG,af &;ESihf vkNH cKaH &;aumifpo D nf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf oufwrf;
ukeq f ;Hk oGm;csed w f iG f wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f ¤if;tm;ay;tyfxm;onfh
wm0efukd Ny;D ajrmufatmifaqmif&u G jf cif; rjyKEikd af o;ojzifh owfrw S t f csed f umv
wdk;jr§ifhay;&ef tusdK;taMumif;azmfjyvsuf wifjyvmygu omreftm;jzifh
wpfBurd v f Qif ajcmufvtxd ESpBf urd f wd;k jri§ ahf y;Edik o f nf/
17/ trsKd ;om;umuG,af &;ESihf vkNH cKaH &;aumifpo D nf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu tyd'k f 8 ESihf
9 t& ta&;ay:tajctaeaMunmí wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyt f m;
Ekid if aH wmftmPmudk vTt J yfaqmif&u G af ponfu h pd Eö iS hf pyfvsO;f í wyfrawmf
umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu ¤if;tm;ay;tyfxm;onfhwm0ef NyD;ajrmufatmif
aqmif&u G Nf y;D aMumif;wifjyonfh tpD&ifcpH mudk vufc&H &So d nft h cg tyd'k f 9 t&
wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyftm; EdkifiHawmftmPm vTJtyfaqmif&Guf
apcJo h nft h rdeu Yf kd y,fzsuaf Mumif; aMunm&rnf/
18/ trsKd ;om;umuG,af &;ESiv hf NHk cKaH &;aumifpo D nf -
(u) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ESit hf nD vTwaf wmfrsm;zGUJ pnf;jcif; rjyKEidk af o;rD
Oya'jyKa&;? tkycf sKyaf &;ESihf w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmwku Yd dk usio hf ;Hk aqmif&u G f
onf?
( c ) þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit fh nD Ekid if aH wmfor®wtopf
a&G;cs,w f ifajrm§ ufNy;D jynfaxmifpt k qifh tmPmykid t f zGUJ tpnf;rsm;ukd
zGUJ pnf;Ny;D onfh tcsed x f d Ekid if aH wmftmPmrsm;ukd usio hf ;Hk aqmif&u G cf iG fh
&So
d nf/ xko d Ydk usio fh ;Hk aqmif&u G &f mwGif Oya'jyKa&;tmPmukd ud, k wf idk f
usio fh ;Hk aqmif&u G &f rnf/ tkycf sKyaf &;tmPmESihf w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPm
 220
rsm;ukd jynfaxmifpt k qif?h wkid ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynfe,ftqifEh iS fh
uk, d yf id k t
f yk cf sKycf iG &f h pD&ifpt k qifrh sm;twGuf oihaf vsmo f nfh tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;
zGUJ pnf;íjzpfap? oihaf vsmo f nfh yk*K¾d vwf pfO;D OD;tm;jzpfap vTt J yfusio hf ;Hk
aqmif&u G af pEkid o f nf/
19/ trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;ESifh vkHNcKHa&;aumifpDonf zGJYpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg
tqifq h ifah om tmPmykid t f zGUJ tpnf;rsm;? uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wkid ;f OD;pD;tzGUJ
okrYd [kwf uk, d yf idk t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oOD;pD;tzGUJ rsm;ESihf jynfaxmifpak &G;aumufyJG
aumfr&SifwkdYukd zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;aom oufqkdif&m
t&nftcsi;f ESihf nDñw G o f nfyh *k K¾d vrf sm;jzifh zGUJ pnf;wm0efay;tyf&rnf/
20/ trsKd ;om;umuG,af &;ESiv hf NHk cKaH &;aumifpo D nf tyk'd f 17 t& trdeu Yf ydk ,fzsuf
aMumif; aMunmonhfaeYrSpí ajcmufvtwGif; zJGUpnf;yHktajccHOya'yg
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit fh nD taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJ usi;f yay;&rnf/
21/ tyk'd f 19 t& zJUG pnf;xm;onhf tzJUG tpnf;rsm;onf taxGaxGa&G;aumufyrGJ sm;
usi;f yNy;D zJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'ESit fh nD zJUG pnf;onfh Oya'jyKa&;? tkycf sKyaf &;ESifh
w&m;pD&ifa&;qkid &f m tzJUG tpnf;rsm; zJUG pnf;Ny;D onftxd rdrw d \Ydk vkyif ef;wm0ef
rsm;ukd qufvufaqmif&u G &f rnf/
22/ trsK;d om;umuG,af &;ESihf vkNH cKH a&;aumifpo D nf Ekid if aH wmftmPmrsm;ukd usio hf ;Hk
&mwGif Ekid if aH wmfor®wtrnfjzifh azmfjyaqmif&u G &f rnf/
23/ ta&;ay:tajctae xkwjf yefaMunmxm;pOf umvtwGi;f wGif Ekid if aH wmfor®w
uk, d pf m;jzpfap? wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f Ekid if aH wmftmPmukd usio hf ;kH
aeonfh umvtwGi;f jzpfap? trsKd ;om;umuG,af &;ESihf vkNH cKaH &;aumifpu D
Ekid if aH wmftmPmukd usio hf ;kH aeonhu f mvtwGi;f jzpfap vHNk cKH a&;? wnfNird af &;?
&yf&mG at;csr;f om,ma&;ESifh w&m;Oya'pk;d rk;d a&;wku Yd dk rlvtajctaeokYd tjref
jyefvnfa&muf&adS pjcif;iSm vkt d yfonhf ta&;,laqmif&u G rf jI yKEidk &f ef vkyyf idk cf iG Efh iS hf
wm0efrsm;ay;tyfjcif;cH&onhf tmPmykdiftzJGUtpnf;wpf&yf&yf? ,if;tzJGU
 221
tpnf;0ifwpfO;D OD;? e,fbuf0efxrf; tzJUG tpnf;wpf&yf&yf? ,if;tzJUG tpnf;0if
wpfO;D OD;? ppfbufqidk &f m tzJUG tpnf;wpf&yf&yf? ,if;tzJUG tpnf;0ifwpfO;D OD;\
w&m;0ifaqmif&u G cf surf sm;onf twnfjzpfap&rnf/ ,if;w&m;0ifaqmif&u G f
csurf sm;tay: taMumif;jyKvsuf w&m;pJq G cdk iG rfh &Sad p&/
 tcef; (12)
zGUJ pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'jyifqifjcif;tcef;

Chapter (XII)

Amendment of the Constitution

 223
tcef; ( 12 )
zGUJ pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'jyifqifjcif;

1/ þzJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfudk jyifqifvydk gu atmufazmfjyyg

owfrw S x f m;aom enf;vrf;twkid ;f aqmif&u G &f rnf -
(u) zJGUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'ukd jyifqif&efwifoGif;aom tqkdjyKcsufukd
Oya'rlMurf;tjzpfjzifh wifoiG ;f &rnf?
( c ) zJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ukd jyifqif&ef tqkw d ifoiG ;f aom Oya'rlMurf;wGif
tjcm;tqkrd sm; ryg&Sad p&/
2/ zJUG pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'ukd jyifqif&ef Oya'rlMurf;ukd jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfwiG f
wifoiG ;f &rnf/
3/ zJUG pnf;yktH ajccHOya'ukd jyifqif&ef Oya'rlMurf;ukd jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf&dS
vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f pkpak ygif;\ ESpq f ,f&mckid Ef eI ;f u wifjyvmvQif tqkyd g
jyifqifcsuf Oya'rlMurf;ukd jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu vufcaH qG;aEG;&rnf/
4/ (u) csrw S cf NhJ y;D jzpfonfh tajccH&rnfrh rl sm;ESihf tao;pdwt f ajccH&rnfrh rl sm;&Sd
Ekid if aH wmftajccHrrl sm;? Ekid if aH wmfzUGJ pnf;wnfaqmufy?Hk Oya'jyKa&;?
tkycf sKyaf &;ESihf w&m;pD&ifa&;qkid &f m zJUG pnf;rItykid ;f ESihf ta&;ay:umv
qkdif&m jy|mef;csufrsm;tcef;wkdY&Sd jy|mef;csufrsm;ukd jyifqifvkdvQif
jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf uk,d pf m;vS,t f m;vk;H \ ckepfq,fih g;&mckid Ef eI ;f
ausmu f jyifqif&ef oabmwlvufcNH y;D aemuf jynfv;Hk uRwq f E´c, H yl GJ
usif;yí qE´rJay;ykdifcGifh&Sdoltm;vkH;\ xuf0ufausmfqE´rJjzifhom
jyifqif&rnf?
( c ) tyk'd f (u) wGif azmfjyxm;onfh jy|mef;csurf sm;rSty tjcm;jy|mef;csuf
rsm;ukd jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmf uk, d pf m;vS,t f m;vk;H \ ckepfq,fih g;
&mckid Ef eI ;f ausmf qE´rjJ zifo h m jyifqif&rnf?
 224
(*) tyk'd f (u) yg tcef;rsm;ESiohf ufqidk f tusKH ;0ifrnfyh 'k rf rsm;ukd zJUG pnf;ykH
tajccHOya'rlMurf; a&;qJo G nfth cg xnfo h iG ;f jy|mef;&rnf/
 tcef; (13)
Edik if aH wmftvH? txdr;f trSww f q
H yd ?f
oDcsi;f ESiNfh rKd Uawmftcef;

Chapter (XIII)

State Flag, State Seal, National

Anthem and the Capital
 225
tcef; ( 13 )
Edik if aH wmftvH? txdr;f trSww
f q
H yd ?f oDcsi;f ESiNfh rKd Uawmf

Edik if aH wmftvHEiS fh pyfvsO;f Ny;D -

1/ Edik if aH wmftvHukd atmufygtwdik ;f owfrw S &f rnf -
Edik if aH wmftvHwiG f t0ga&mif? tpdr;f a&mifEiS fh teDa&mifwu Ykd kd tpOftwdik ;f
txuf? atmuf tvsm;vdu k f tcsK;d nDpmG azmfjyNy;D Mu,fjzLBu;D udk tvHawmf\
tv,fwnhw f nhf tpdr;f a&mifay:wGif t0ga&mif? tpdr;f a&mif? teDa&mif
tm;vk;H ESiq fh ufpyfí txufbufoYkd rwfrwfñeT v f suf wnfap&rnf/
2/ Edik if aH wmftvHEiS pfh yfvsO;f í Oya'jy|mef;&rnf/
Edik if aH wmftxdr;f trSww f qH yd Ef iS fh pyfvsO;f Ny;D -
Edik if aH wmftxdr;f trSww f q H yd o
f nf atmufygtwdik ;f jzpfonf/

Edik if aH wmfocD si;f ESipfh yfvsO;f Ny;D -

Edik if aH wmfocD si;f tjzpf vuf&EdS ikd if aH wmfocD si;f udk owfrw
S o
f nf/

Edik if aH wmf\ NrKd UawmfEiS fh pyfvsO;f Ny;D -

aejynfawmfonf Edik if aH wmf\ NrKd Uawmfjzpfonf/
 tcef; (14)
ul;ajymif;a&;umvjy|mef;csurf sm;tcef;

Chapter (XIV)
Transitory Provisions
 227
tcef; ( 14 )
ul;ajymif;a&;umvjy|mef;csurf sm;

1/ þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'onf jynfv;Hk uRwq f E´c,

H yl wJG iG f qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &hf odS l
tm;vk;H \ xuf0ufausmaf xmufcH qE´rjJ zifh twnfjyKjy|mef;Ny;D onfah eYrpS í
Edik if aH wmfwpf0ef;vk;H ü tmPmwnfonf/
2/ (u) þzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya' tmPmwnfonfhaeYrSpí jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmf\ yxrtBudrftpnf;ta0; rusif;yrDumvtwGif;
þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t& jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu
aqmif&u G &f ef&o
dS nfrsm;udk Edik if aH wmfat;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf zGUH NzKd ;a&;
aumifpu D Edik if aH wmf\ tcsKyt f jcmtmPmudk qufvufc, H ul sio hf ;Hk í
aqmif&u G &f rnf?
(c) þzJUG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya' tmPmwnfonfah eYü wnf&adS eaom tpd;k &
tzJUG onf þzJUG pnf;yHk tajccHOya't& wm0efay;tyfonhf tpk;d &tzJUG
ray:aygufr?D rdrw d \
Ykd oufqikd &f mwm0efrsm;udk qufvufaqmif&u G f
&rnf/
3/ þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya' tmPmwnfonfah eYrwdik rf u D mvwGif þzGUJ pnf;ykH
tajccH O ya'ud k taumif t xnf a zmf a &;twG u f Ed k i f i H a wmf a t;csrf ;
om,ma&;ESizhf UHG NzKd ;a&;aumifpu D BuKd wifaqmif&u G of nfh vkyif ef;&yfrsm;onf
þzGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya't& aqmif&u G o f nf[k rSw, f &l rnf/
4/ jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmfonf EdkifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh
zGUH NzKd ;a&;aumifp\ D rl0g'vrf;ñTerf rI sm;? Oya'rsm;? enf;Oya'rsm;? pnf;rsO;f
Oya'rsm;? trdejYf yefwrf;rsm;? aMunmcsurf sm;? aqmif&u G cf surf sm;? wm0efrsm;ESihf
&ydik cf iG rhf sm;udk qufco H nf/
 228

5/ wnfqOJ ya'rsm;onf jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu y,fzsujf cif;? jyifqifjcif;

rjyKao;rD þzJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ESihf rqefu Y sio f rQtwnfjzpfonf/
6/ wnfqJenf;Oya'rsm;? pnf;rsOf;Oya'rsm;? pnf;urf;Oya'rsm;? trdefY
aMumfjimpmrsm;? trderYf sm;? ñTeMf um;csurf sm;ESihf vkyxf ;Hk vkyef nf;rsm;ukd jynfaxmifpk
tpk;d &tzJUG u y,fzsujf cif;? jyifqifjcif;rjyKao;rD þzJUG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ESihf
rqefu Y sio
f rQ twnfjzpfonf/
7/ þzGUJ pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya' tmPmwnfonfah eYü wnf&adS eaom w&m;½k;H rsm;onf
þzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya't& wnfaxmifonhfw&m;½kH;rsm; ray:aygufrD
qufvufí w&m;pD&ifyikd cf iG t hf mPmrsm; ok;H pJaG qmif&u G &f rnf/ tqdyk gw&m;½k;H
rsm;wGif rNy;D rjywf use&f adS eao;aom w&m;rrIrsm;? jypfrq I ikd &f mtrIrsm;ESihf
tcGeaf wmftrIrsm;udk trIpwifppfaq;pOfu usio fh ;Hk onhf Oya'rsm;ESit fh nD
qufvufppfaq;pD&if&rnf/
8/ þzGUJ pnf;yktH ajccHOya' tmPmpwifwnfonfah eYwiG f Edik if aH wmf at;csr;f
om,ma&;ESihf zGUH NzKd ;a&;aumifpv D ufatmufü zGUJ pnf;xm;&So d nfh wyfrawmf
tygt0if Xmeqkid &f mtzGUJ tpnf;rsm;ü trIxrf;&Guq f jJ zpfMuaom Edik if 0hH efxrf;rsm;
onf jynfaxmifpo k r®wjrefrmEdik if aH wmftpd;k &u tjcm;enf;vrf;jzifh jy|mef;jcif;
rjyKorQ qufvufwnf&adS p&rnf/
 tcef; (15)
taxGaxGjy|mef;csurf sm;tcef;

Chapter (XV)

General Provisions
 229
tcef; ( 15 )
taxGaxGjy|mef;csurf sm;

1/ þzGpYJ nf;yHt
k ajccHOya'onf Edik if aH wmftwGi;f &Sd Oya'tm;vH;k \ tajccHOya'
jzpfonf/
2/ jrefrmpmonf ½H;k oH;k pmjzpfonf/
3/ EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;onf Oya'jyKvTwfawmfrsm;u Oya'jy|mef;&mwGif
vnf;aumif;? þzGpYJ nf;yHt k ajccHOya'ESihf tjcm;Oya'rsm;yg jy|mef;csurf sm;udk
oufqikd &f mu teuft"dymÜ ,fziG q hf &kd mwGiv
f nf;aumif; vdu k ef m&rnfh vrf;ñTef
rsm;jzpfonf/ Ekid if aH wmfu xkt d ajccHrrl sm;ESit
hf nD tav;*½kjyKaqmif&u G &f rnf/
ok&Yd mwGif xko
d aYdk qmif&uG af p&ef rnfonfw h &m;½k;H wGirf Q w&m;pGqJ cdk iG hf r&Sad p&/
4/ þzGpYJ nf;yHt
k ajccHOya'\ ed'gef;? yk'rf rsm;? yk'rf cGrJ sm;? pum;vH;k pkrsm;? pum;vH;k
wpfv;kH csi;f \ teuft"dymÜ ,f? oabmt,ltqrsm;zGiq hf &kd mü jrefrmpmjzifh
a&;om;xm;csurf sm;tay:wGio f m tajcjyK&rnf/
5/ þzGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya'yg pum;&yfrsm;udk teuft"dyÜm,fzGifhqdk&mwGif
wnfqpJ um;&yfrsm; teuft"dymÜ ,f zGiq
hf akd &;Oya'udk ud;k um;&rnf/
6/ þzGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya' jrefrmpm rlwpfckudk trdsK;om;armfuGef;wdkufwGif
armfueG ;f wifxm;&S&d rnf/ xdpk mrlonf þzGUJ pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'&Sd jy|mef;csurf sm;
twGuf tNy;D tjywf oufaot&mwnfap&rnf/
7/ jynfaxmifpt
k pd;k &onf jynfaxmifptk pd;k &uom vkyu f ikd af qmif&u
G &f ef owfrw S f
xm;aom pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;wpf&yf&yfukd Edik if aH wmf\ tusKd ;pD;yGm; tvdiYk mS -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D tpd;k &tzGUJ odrYk [kwf jynfe,ftpd;k &tzGUJ udk jynfaxmifpk
 230
tpd;k &tzGUJ ESihf zufpyfvyk u
f ikd f aqmif&u G &f efjzpfap? pnf;urf;owfrw
S cf suf
jzifh vkyu
f ikd af qmif&uG &f efjzpfap cGijhf yKEikd o
f nf?
(c) or0g,rtzGt YJ pnf;? pD;yGm;a&;tzGt YJ pnf; odrYk [kwf yk*Kd¾ vwf pfO;D OD;udk
jynfaxmifpktpdk;&tzGJYESifh zufpyfvkyfudkif aqmif&Guf&efjzpfap?
pnf;urf;owfrw S cf sujf zihf vkyu
f ikd af qmif&uG &f efjzpfap cGijhf yKEikd o
f nf/
8/ þzGpYJ nf;yHt k ajccHOya' tmPmrwnfru D mvu jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if aH wmf
tpd;k &ESihf tjcm;Edik if t
H pd;k &wdYk csKyq
f t
kd wnfjzpfcahJ om pmcsKyrf sm;t&aomf
vnf;aumif;? oabmwlncD surf sm;t&aomfvnf;aumif; ay:xGuv f maom
w&m;rQwonfw h m0efrsm;udk tqdyk gtjcm;Edik if u
H vnf; jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if EH iS fh
pyfvsO;f í xm;&St d yfaomy#dnmOfrsm;udk av;pm;ygu jynfaxmifpo k r®w
jrefrmEdik if aH wmfuvnf; av;pm;onf/
9/ (u) þzGpYJ nf;yHtk ajccHOya' tmPmrwnfru D jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if aH wmf
tpd;k &ESihf csKyqf x kd m;&Scd ahJ om y#dnmOfrsm;ESipfh yfvsO;f íjzpfap? wm0efrsm;
ESiphf yfvsO;f íjzpfap jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if aH wmftpd;k &tm; w&m;pGq J kd
Edik af om tcGit hf a&;t& w&m;pJq G &kd ef ay:aygufcvhJ Qif jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &
tm; w&m;pGq J Edk ikd o
f nf?
(c) jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmfonf jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrm
Edik if aH wmf\ trnfjzifh w&m;pGq
J Ekd ikd o
f nf/ xdek nf;wlyif w&m;pGq
J jkd cif;udk
cHEikd o f nf/
Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;yHk tajccHOya'qdik &f mcH½k ;kH zGUJ pnf;jcif;
10/ Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'qdik &f mcH½k ;kH ukd Ouú|tygt0if tzGUJ 0if (9) OD;jzifh
zGUJ pnf;&rnf/ Edik if aH wmfor®w? jynfov Yl w T af wmfOuú|ESihf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf
Ouú|wkYd onf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;xJujzpfap? vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f
 231
r[kwo f rl sm;xJujzpfap atmufazmfjyyg t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o
kH rl sm;teufrS
tzGUJ 0if (3) OD;pD udk a&G;cs,&f rnf -
(u) touf (50)ESpf jynfNh y;D ol?
(c) toufuefYowfcsufrSty jynfolYvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,ftwGuf
owfrw S xf m;aom t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESijhf ynfph o kH ?l
(*) toufuefo Y wfcsurf t S y jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyEf iS hf jynfaxmifpk
w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;rsm;twGuf owfrSwfxm;aom
t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESihf jynfph o kH ?l
(C) Edik if aH &;? tkycf sKyaf &;? pD;yGm;a&;? vHNk cKH a&;tjrif&o dS ?l
(i) Edik if aH wmfEiS hf Edik if o
H m;rsm;tay:opöm&So d /l
11/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf rdrad &G;cs,x f m;onft h zGUJ 0if (3) OD;? jynfov Yl w
T af wmf
Ouú|u a&G;cs,x f m;onfh tzGUJ 0if (3) OD;ESihf trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|u
a&G;cs,x f m;onfh tzGUJ 0if (3) OD;? pkpak ygif; (9) OD;\ trnfpm&if;ukv d nf;aumif;?
,if;wkt Yd euf zGUJ pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'qdik &f mcH½k ;kH Ouú|tjzpf wm0efay;tyf&ef
tzJUG 0ifwpfO;D \trnfuv dk nf;aumif; jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f vsuf
oabmwlncD su&f ,l&rnf/
12/ zGUJ pnf;yHt
k ajccHOya'qdik &f m cH½k ;kH tzGUJ 0if\ t&nftcsi;f ESihf rjynfph akH Mumif;
txift&Sm; rjyEdik yf gu jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmfonf Edik if aH wmfor®wu pkpnf;
trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f onfyh *k Kd¾vrf sm;tm; zGUJ pnf;yHtk ajccHOya'qdik &f m cH½k ;kH tzGUJ 0if
tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&ef jiif;y,fciG rhf &Sad p&/
13/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf zGUJ pnf;yHtk ajccHOya'qdik &f m cH½k ;kH tzGUJ 0iftjzpf ceft
Y yf
wm0efay;&ef jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmf\ oabmwlncD surf &&So d nfh tzGUJ 0if
ae&mtwGuf trnfpm&if;opfukd zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESithf nD
jynfaxmifpv k w
T af wmfoYkd xyfrwH ifoiG ;f cGi&hf o
dS nf/
 232
14/ Edik if aH wmfor®wonf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\ oabmwlncD su&f &SNd y;D onfh
Ouú|ESihf tzGUJ 0ifrsm;tm; zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'qdik &f mcH½k ;kH Ouú|ESihf tzGUJ 0ifrsm;
tjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;&rnf/
15/ zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'qdik &f mcH½k ;kH \ oufwrf;onf jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf\
oufwrf;ESihf tnD (5) ESpjf zpfonf/ od&Yk mwGif oufwrf;ukeq f ;kH Ny;D jzpfaomfvnf;
vuf&w dS m0ef xrf;aqmifvsu&f adS om zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'qdik &f mcH½k ;kH onf
zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya't& EdkifiHawmfor®wu zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'qdkif&m
cH½k ;kH topf zGUJ pnf;Ny;D onfh tcsed t f xd rdr\ d vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;udk qufvufwm0ef
xrf;aqmif&rnf/
16/ zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'qkid &f mcH½k ;kH tzGUJ 0ifwpfO;D onf -
(u) vTwaf wmfwpf&yf&yf\ ud, k pf m;vS,jf zpfvQif zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'qdik &f m
cH½k ;kH tzGUJ 0iftjzpf ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif;cH&onfh aeYrpS í vTwaf wmf
ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpfrS Ekwx f u G Nf y;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
( c ) Edik if 0hH efxrf;jzpfvQif zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0iftjzpf
ceft Y yfwm0efay;jcif; cH&onfah eYrpS í wnfq0J efxrf; pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;
rsm;ESit hf nD 0efxrf;tjzpfrS tNird ;f pm;,lNy;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnf?
( * ) EdkifiHa&;ygwDwpfckckü tzGJU0ifjzpfvQif zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'qdkif&m
ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0iftjzpf wm0efay;tyfjcif; cH&onfah eYrpS í rdr&d mxl;oufwrf;
twGi;f ,if;ygwDtzGUJ tpnf;\ ygwDvyk if ef;rsm;wGif yg0ifaqmif&u G jf cif;
rjyK&/
17/ zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0if wpfO;D OD;onf &mxl;oufwrf; rukeq f ;Hk rD
taMumif;wpfcck ak Mumifh rdro d abmqE´tavsmuf &mxl;rSEw k x f u G vf vkd Qif
xdo k EYkd w
k x f u G v
f akd Mumif; Edik if aH wmfor®wxHpmjzifw h ifjyNy;D &mxl;rS Ekwx f u G f
Edik o f nf/
 233
18/ taMumif;wpfcck ak Mumifh zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0if&mxl;ae&m
vpfvyfvQif Edik if aH wmfor®wonf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD
zGUJ pnf;yktH ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0iftopftm; ceft Y yfwm0efay;Edik o f nf/
zGUJ pnf;yktH ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0ifrsm;tm; pGypf jGJ ypfwifjcif;
19/ (u) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0ifwpfO;D OD;tm; atmufygtaMumif;
wpf&yf&yfjzifh pGypf jJG ypfwifEikd o f nf -
(1) Edik if aH wmf\ aus;Zl;opömawmfukd azmufzsujf cif;?
(2) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfukd azmufzsuf
usL;vGejf cif;?
(3) tusio hf u d m© ysujf ym;jcif;?
(4) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'wGif owfrw S x f m;onfh zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccH
Oya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0if\ t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f jcif;?
(5) Oya't& ay;tyfaomwm0efrsm;ukd ausyeG pf mG raqmif&u G jf cif;/
( c ) zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk tzGUJ 0ifwpfO;D OD;tay: pGypf jJGypfwifvykd gu
jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKyf odrYk [kwf jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyf
w&m;olBu;D wpfO;D OD;tm; pGypf jJG ypfwifjcif;ESiphf yfvsO;f í zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccH
Oya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit hf nD aqmif&u G &f rnf/
zGUJ pnf;ykt
H ajccHOya'qdik &f mck½H ;Hk \ vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;
20/ zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f mck½H ;Hk \ vkyif ef;wm0efrsm;rSm atmufygtwdik ;f jzpfonf-
(u) Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;udk teuft"dymÜ ,f
zGiq hf jkd cif;?
( c ) jynfaxmifpv k w T af wmf? wdik ;f a'oBu;D vTwaf wmf? jynfe,fvw T af wmf
odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpOk ;D pD;tzGUJ u jy|mef;onfOh ya'rsm;
onf Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ESihf nDñw G jf cif; &S-d r&Sd pdppfjcif;?
 234
(*) jynfaxmifp?k wdik ;f a'oBu;D rsm;? jynfe,frsm;ESihf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf
pD&ifprk sm;\ tkycf sKyrf q I ikd &f m tmPmydik rf sm;\ aqmif&u G cf surf sm;onf
Edik if aH wmfzUJG pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'ESihf nDñw G jf cif; &S-d r&Sd pdppfjcif;?
(C) jynfaxmifpEk iS hf wdik ;f a'oBu;D tMum;? jynfaxmifpEk iS hf jynfe,ftMum;?
wkid ;f a'oBu;D ESihf jynfe,ftMum;? wdik ;f a'oBu;D tcsi;f csi;f ? jynfe,f
tcsi;f csi;f ? wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fEiS hf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf
pD&ifpt k Mum;? ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifpt
k csi;f csi;f jzpfay:onfh Edik if aH wmf
zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;udk qk;H jzwfjcif;?
( i ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D ? jynfe,f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh pD&ifpw k u Ykd
jynfaxmifpOk ya'udk taumiftxnfazmf aqmif&u G &f mwGif jynfaxmifpk
ESihf wdik ;f a'oBu;D ? jynfe,f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpw k \ Ykd
tcGit hf a&;ESihf wm0efrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í ay:aygufonfh tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;udk
qk;H jzwfjcif;?
( p ) jynfaxmifpek ,fajrrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í Ekid if aH wmfor®wu taMumif;Mum;
vmonfu h pd &ö yfrsm;ukd pdppfq;Hk jzwfjcif;?
(q) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfu jy|mef;onfOh ya'rsm;u ay;tyfonfh vkyif ef;
wm0efrsm;/
21/ w&m;½kH;wpf½kH;onf trIwpfrIudkppfaq;pD&if&mwGif Oya'wpf&yf&yfyg
jy|mef;csufonf zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'ESifh qefYusifrI&Sd-r&Sd? nDñGwfrI&Sd-r&Sd
tjiif;yGm;rI ay:aygufygu xdktjiif;yGm;rIESifhpyfvsOf;í zGJUpnf;ykHtajccH
Oya'qdik &f mck½H ;Hk uvnf; wpfpw Hk pf&m qk;H jzwfcsucf srw S xf m;jcif; r&Sad o;vQif
tqdyk gw&m;½k;H onf trIppfaq;pD&ifjcif;udk &yfqikd ;f xm;Ny;D rdr\ d xifjrifcsuu f kd
owfrw S xf m;onfh enf;vrf;rsm;ESit hf nD zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f mck½H ;Hk odYk
wifjyí tqk;H tjzwf&,l&rnf/ ,if;tjiif;yGm;rIEiS hf pyfvsO;f í zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccH
Oya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk \ qk;H jzwfcsuo f nf trItm;vk;H ESihf oufqidk af p&rnf/
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22/ zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H Hk;\qk;H jzwfcsuo f nf tNy;D tjywf twnfjzpfonf/
23/ zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H k;H \t"dymÜ ,fziG q hf ckd su?f qk;H jzwfcsu?f oabmxm;
&,l&efupd rö sm;udk atmufazmfjyygyk*Kd¾ vrf sm;onf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m
ck½H ;Hk odYk wdu k ½f ukd w f ifoiG ;f cGi&hf o dS nf -
(u) Edik if aH wmfor®w?
( c ) jynfaxmifpv k wT af wmfem,u?
( * ) jynfoUl vTwaf wmfOuú|?
(C) trsK;d om;vTwaf wmfOuú|?
( i ) jynfaxmifpw k &m;olBu;D csKy?f
( p ) jynfaxmifpak &G;aumufyaJG umfr&SiOf uú|/
24/ atmufygyk*Kd¾vf odrYk [kwf tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;onf zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk \
t"dymÜ ,fziG q hf ckd su?f qk;H jzwfcsu?f oabmxm;&,l&efupd rö sm;udk owfrw S xf m;aom
enf;vrf;rsm;ESit hf nD zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk odYk wifoiG ;f cGi&hf o dS nf -
(u) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,f0efBu;D csKy?f
( c ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfOuú|?
( * ) ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf pD&ifpOk ;D pD;tzGUJ Ouú|?
(C) jynfoUl vTwaf wmf odrYk [kwf trsKd ;om;vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,tf m;vk;H \
tenf;qk;H 10 &mcdik Ef eI ;f ta&twGu&f adS om ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;/
25/ zGUJ pnf;ykt H ajccHOya'qdik &f m ck½H ;Hk \ zGUJ pnf;rI? qufo, G rf ?I ck½H ;Hk Ouú|ESihf tzGUJ 0ifrsm;\
wm0efrsm;? vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;? &ydik cf iG rhf sm; ponfwu Ykd kd Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf/
26/ zGUJ pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'qdik &f m cH½k ;kH Ouú|ESihf tzGUJ 0ifrsm;\wm0efrsm;? vkyyf ikd cf iG rhf sm;ESihf
&ydik cf iG rhf sm;udk Oya'jzifh jy|mef;onft h cg rDjS irf;jyKEikd af &;twGuf cH½k kH;Ouú|udk 'kw, d
or®wtqifh owfrw S o f nf/ cH½k k;H tzGUJ 0ifukd jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D tqifh owfrw S f
onf/