:

:
2000-1-237

2006.

:
.


Internet .
Interneta 1969. ARPANET
-

.
-

. ,
.
Internet
(e-mail) .
80- TCP/IP1
.
Interneta
. , 1990. Internet
Protocol http (hyper text transfer protocol)
Interneta. html-a (hypertext markup language ) . Web
, World
Wide Web.
, Internet
1990. .

Interneta
70-, TSP/IP .
100 host- .
80- 250.000
host- PC-a.
NSF (National Science Foundation)
(NSFNET) ARPANET-a.
1990. ARPANET NSFNET .
1992. , ''hypertext '' CERN-
WWW .
1993. NSFNET DS3 (45 Mb/s).
1000.000 host- .
1994. NSFNET 2 155 Mb/s.
1

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

, Internet Protocol Suite.
.
2
synchronous Transfer Mode . (ITU)
. () .

. .

 1995. host- 3,8 NSF

. NSF
NSFNET
Interneta
.
24. 1995. FNC (Federal Network Council)
''Internet''.
: FNC
''Internet'' . ''Internet''
:
1.
IP-y.
2. TCP/IP / IP

3. , , ,

.
1997. 30 host-.
Internet Internet ISP3
&T, MCI, Sprint, UUNet, EUNET, BBN Planet, ANS .

Internet Service Provider Internet , Internetu (

, Internet)

 Internet
Internet , Web4
browser-.
, Internet
.
Internet
, TCP/IP. ISP-i
Internet.
(NSP Network Service Provider)
ISP.
'' Internet backbone
'', Internetu
.
M (NAP Network Access Points) 1994.
NSF NSFNET NAP
(MFS), (Sprint), (Ameritech),
(Paccbell). NSF
NAP-. , Internet
.
NAP-.
NAP Internetu. NSF
''peering''-.

, . ,
NAP- Internet
peering ISP NSP. NAP-
( 1Gb/s).
Peering
ISP
ISP .

Internet

Internet.
:
1. (
, ,
).
4

Browser Web-a; HTML

Web-u, ,
, .

2. (
Internet).
,
, , ,
...
Internet .
Internet . ''time
shring''-, , / ,
.
Internet. . Internet
.
. Internet
Internet.
(DNS5), IP ,
, peering-, , .
.
Internet ''
''. Internet
. Internet 465000 .
Internetu peer
, .
. ''routing flap''
.
''dial up''

Internet
3 . 14,4 28,8
33,6 56 .
Internetu,
.

Internet:
.
IP , Internet .

Ethernet-a, Token Ring-a Frame Relay-a
ATM-a.
. Internet ,
.

Internet.
5

Domain Name Space ; ,

TCP/IP Internetu

 , ,
Gigabit Router- (GR). GR
IP .

.
IP ,
.
(ISR Integrated Switch Router).

IP IP ATM-a, /
IP Frame Relay-a.
/
. GR
ISR.

Internet
(DNS) Internet .
, DNS
Internetu. DNS Internetu
IP .
IP . IP
IPv46 32 . IP
, IP ,
.
Internet .
InterNIC7
.
CIDR
(Classless Inter Domain Routing) IP
. ,
32 IP .
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) IP
, IPv6. IPv6, 128 .
,
IP .

Internet

Internet
6
7

IPv4 Internet 4 32
Internet Network Information Center

 , . Internet
, ,
.
'' Internet ''
Internet.
PINT (PSTN8/Internet Interworking) IETF
'''' , ,

Web .
.
Internet

.
Internet,
, .
Internetu ,
(end-to-end application ). TCP/IP
QoS (Quality of Service)
RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol).

Internetu
Internetu.
(dial up) .

(). IP (), IP Ethernet-a, ISDN, Frame
Relay, ATM. : Internet .
Internet backbone . ISP
(POP9) 1.

.
(xDSL)

. xDSL Internet
. 2.
Internetu '' '' .
Internetu , PCS (Personal
Communication System), , .
.

.
8

Public Switched Telephone Network .

Point of Presence ;
.
9

 Internetu
Internet.

1.

2.

Internetu

Internetu 33.6 b/s 56 b/s

 ,

.
(MODulator DEModulator). ''''
,
.


.
, ,
28.8 b/s 33.3 b/s
, , .
56 b/s. 56
.

ISDN

ISDN10

.
ISDN ( ),
.
,
64 b/s .
ISDN : (BRI)
(RI).
, ,
64 b/s ( ) 16 b/s (

ISDN ).
0.3 !

ISDN BRI ,
33.6 b/s 56 b/s.
,
128 b/s , 64 b/s
, .
ISDN
:
1. ISDN
2.
3. ISDN
4. 4
10

Integrated Services Digital Network ;

 ISDN

ISDN , ISDN
. ISDN .
''U'' ISDN
. ISDN
.
''S/T'' (Subscriber/ Termination Pretplatnik/Terminacija)
ISDN
ISDN .
S/T ,
(NT-1 Network Termination 1)
U S/T . U
S/T PC ISDN , ISDN
ISDN .
ISDN ISDN
ISDN .
64 b/s, 128 b/s ,
64 b/s
. PPP
.
ISDN .
ISDN BBS, .

xDSL

DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)

,
.
xDSL DSL 80-
,
.
DSL
.
,
.
,
.
DSL .

.
6.1 b/s ( 8.448 b/s),

 , 3D . DSL
.
DSL xDSL, x
H (High speed), A (Asymmetrical), S (Symmetrical), V (Very high speed),
RA (Rate Adaptive).
,
.
DSL RADSL .
8 b/s 1 b/s. DSL
RADSL
.
1. HDSL


,
. DSL 3 2
. HDSL
,
.
2. DSL
Internetu DSL .

, 64 b/s 640 b/s,
2 b/s 8 b/s.
, DSL
, DSL
.


.
3. G.Lite ( DSL Lite)
G.Lite ( DSL) DSL
,
. G.Lite 1.544 b/s 6 b/s
, 128 b/s 384 b/s . G.Lite
DSL-.
4. IDSL
IDSL (ISDN DSL) ISDN
128b/s DSL-.
5. RADSL
RADSL Westell- DSL
,
. 640 b/s 2.2 b/s,
272 b/s 1.088 b/s .
6. SDSL

SDSL HDSL- 1.544 b/s

2.048 b/s .
7. UDSL (Unidirectional DSL)
UDSL HDSL-.
8. VDSL
VDSL POTS
ISDN . VDSL
DSL .
: 12.96 55.2 b/s 1.6 - 19.2 b/s.
, 300 1500
.
xDSL , DSL,
Internet-,

, ,
.

Internetu
.
. ,
.
,

, .

30 b/s.

MMDS

MMDS (Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System)

, FM stereo
, .

Internetu
1. Net On Air
2. DirecPC
3. NetSat Direct

(Leased lines)

1. http://www.Eunet.yu
2. http://www.telefonija.co.yu/scom/colt.html
3. http://www.alcatel.com
4. , , ''
Internetu''
5. , , ''-
- Internet ''
6. , , , ''
Internetu''
7. -, ,
'' ''