:

)( 1

:
: :
historicist




.





.

.
: :


.

:
.



.


.
.

.

.



) .common sense


)
good sense

(.

.
.

revolutioninsing praxis
.
***





Spontaneos philosophy .

 -1 :

-2 -3
popular religion
.

.



.
:




)



(




:

. conformists
man-
in-the-mass .collective man
:

 :


intuitions
.


.
.

) (1
.
:
.


.


.

. .


.
.
:

.

intuition

 .
.


.



. .
:



(2) Vital action
.



.


.

.


:collective noun

.
good sense .

 .


.
confessional
Secular
.

).(3
.
.


:

).(mala fedel

.

.



-


) -(4

 .

.

.

.


.


.


.

.
.
.

.
-

.
:

. .

.


.




theoritical
premiss


.
Social
bloc
.



.

.
.





.

...
.


.integratlists

(5) immanentist philosophers

 .


. .

.
pseudo-hitoricit sophism

.


.

.
.

.



: .

organic
.



.cultural and social bloc

:

intellectuatistic elements
).(*6

) ( .



.
.
.
)
(


.

.
) .


(.
Synthesis



.


catholicism of the intellectuals
.

.


)
(


.

regligious orders
) st.Dominic
(*7) (St.Francis .
Counter Reformation
The
.
society of Jesus
.religious orders
diplomatic
)) (8
-(
.


.

.

catholicism

.Jesuitism ) (9) modernism

- :
(586
(*10) .Christian democracy


.


- intellectual moral bloc


.


) .(11
.
) ( :


verbal
. .

.

.



.
)
(
.




.
/

.

.


.


.

.

) .(12
.

.
theory-pratice
-
nexus
.

.
)

(.

.




.

)
( .
.
-
)
(

- economic-corporate
strucural framework
quality-superstructure
.



.

.

.
:
new intgral and

(13) totaliterian intelligenstsias

.


.
organic leadership

.


.


..

D.S.Mirsky .La Cultura

activist .

.



) ( .

Subaltern .



.
.
rationality of

history
) (14
confessional
.religions


.

.


.
.
Subaltern element
.
a
will external to itself

.

non-responsibility
.


.
.

...

.
.
.

.
.

.


.
)
individualismo
pagano
e

(individualismo cristiano Civita

Cattolica 5/
:


.
Christian individualism

.

.

.
Jesuitised

:
Chritianity .

 Calvinism
predestination Grace
)
( ).(15
process of
) diffusion
( .


)
( .

)
(


.



.


.

.
.

. :
.
.
.


) (

authority

.

.
:
.

.
.

.

.

.
.


.
.

.

 )
(
.
.
)
(


hierarchie
.


.
.

.


:
-1 ) (
.
-2

.

.

.
hierarchie
.
.

massive ideological community


collective doctrine
collective
.thinker



.

.


.


.



organic
capacity
.
.

. .





.

.




.


.


.

.


.

.



.


.

.
.


.
.


theory of predestination
grace

.
:


.





.
***


-


.



.
)
(
-
.


.

:
philosophy of the
philosophers

)) (16
(

) (
.




.

-

)
(
cultural complexes
.


.
procees of combination

)
.(integral


.
variations
.
:

: )
(philosophical cultutre
.


.ideological combination

purely receptive

ordering activity



.

.

.



) (17) Solipsism
- :
. .(5
.

 historicist
) will
( .


.

:

.



.

/ .




)
( .


) .(18


....


.

.

.


.

)


.(quantity of qualitative elements

.

... .

.


.


.
.

 .
.

.

.
.


.
.


.



.

.
.


.

experementalism
.


.






-.


. pragmatists
.
pragmatists
systematise
philosophy
.

Vailati

.
collective term
.
)
( .


.

Series of strata

...

.


)( . collective man
.
-


) (
)
).(19

.



.



.



.

.

.continental civilisations


.
. .
)
(


.


.

.

.

.
.

:

.
.
.




process .

.
.
-

.

.


. .


:



.

.
.

.

.

.

.

.
.

.
.
.

) (process

.
-1 :-2 -3
.

 .


.

.

.
.


.


.

.
)
( .
.
.
.

. Synthesis
.
.

.


.

.




.
.

.
Society of
things
.
Supra-
Societas
) individual organisms
hominum (Societas rerum
: .

) (.


.
)(.
Feuerbach
.

. .
) Amadio (Bordiga

.

.

.

.

 .

.
.
).(*20

.
.


.

)
(.

.
)(
) (21
.
.



:naturalistic anthropology
.

... ) .
: .
... .
:
( .

:

 .
.
)( a unitary fact
(22) Categ orical
.
:

)
( man in
.general


. ...
).(23
' spirit


discordant ) concordia discors
(concord
.

)
Species
(
.




) . (

.


)
(
.





.



.

.

.

.
) (.
.

-
/ hegemony
) Ilich(
.


: .

:
.

 .
.

)
(.

.

)

(irrationality

.
leopardi

.

.
.

. .


.


...
) .
.


(.



.

.

.
) ( ) :
(.


.
.
Aldo Capasso
L'Italia letteraria 4/ 1932

:

.
Leopardi


.



.

.


.




...
.
-

.

)
(Transcendent
:

.

.
: .
.

.
Capasso
:
.

.
:


.




.


.
.

. possibity
. .

.

:
. concrete
will abstract will
(24) vital impulse
. -1
)( -2

-3 .

.

historical bloc
mass elements
.

.

:
.

 .



.


.
Individualism


:
)
(
.
transcendental

.(25) immanentism


anti-historical

.
.
.

.

-





.
).(*26

:
God-as-father and Man-as-Sons
:

.
. :
)-(
... . :
. .
) (
: .
Chesterton

. :


)
(.


.



.

 .
)
(.


.

.

)
(
.

Gugliemo Ferrero

.
.
:



.

.
.

.
:
.
.


.


.
:

.

.

!



.
Aquinas Scholasticism

.
Leibniz :
. .
G.B.Vico
)
(

)
.

(.


.
.

:



:

.

.


.

.

.




.
- theortical-
practical principle of hegemony
)(
.

.

 hegemonic apparatus

: .
:


.
.

.
a totalitarian System of
ideologies

.


rational ).(27


.

The term catharsis
catharsis
) -
(egoistic-passional -
(28) ethioco-political moment
.

.

- ethico-

 politica form .
cathartic moment
.
chain of
cathartic process
synthesises ).(*29

The Kantian Noumenon
the

external objectivity of the real
thing in itself
.noumenon



) Graeco.Christian realism (.

.

-
.

. ) (30
phenomena
. .

)


(.

)
(non-difnitive philosophy


noumenon
unknown God
- .



.


.

.

History and Anti-History

) anti-History
-(

naturalism

.
)
(Cuvier )
(

.

.


.

.

) (
-.
.



.


.
.




.

Speculative Philosophy

Speculative

.
:
-1

-2




- economic-corporate phase
) hegemonic phase
.(active consent


.



.transcendental faith
) (
.
speculation

.
.
:





.

.humanism
philosophical
.realism

 :


philosophies of transcendence

.

.
) speculation (

immanentist conceptions
.

.

Anti-Duhring

.


idealist
monism ) Spirit
.positivistic monism of matter

.

).(*31


:

 )
(
.




.
monism


)-(
)
historicised .
) Philosophy of the act praxis(
(32) pure act
impure act
.

)
James(
.



. )(

Counter

Reformation


.Dogma


) Secular morality
(
.
(33) ideological party
.
:


.
.


.
.

.
) (
.

.



.

:

.


)

 .

(.


.
.


. :
-1

.

.
-2
.

.world-wide conformism


agent ...individuality .

.
.
.



.

Scepticism
:

Sceptic
.
.

.
.
.

.(34) Roberto Ardigo
voluntarism .

.

) :
.

Scritti
Vari
G.Marchesini (1922 Le Monier
theses on Feuerbach

.

Ideology
Sensationalism
) (**35 .


.
sensations
.

 (36) Manzoni
-

Unni sacri
(*37) .Rosmini



.

De Man .

).(38
Popular
) Manual(

.

.
.

.

)
(

.

.

:

-1
.
-2

.
-3
.

organic
.


.

)
(.

:

... .


.

historical bloc
.
.

.

 :
.
* .
**.

) (1
.
)(2 Vital action


.
.
) (3 )(
.
) (4 :
) (

.
) (5
) (...
.


.

immanentist

.
) (*6

 .
.


.
) (.

) (*7

.

.


.
) (8


.
) (9 Modernism
.


.

.

.
.

/
) .(1914-1903
Partito
Storzo
popolare .1918


.

.
.
.
.

.


.1947-1945
) (*10

) (

.
. :
.
) (11

) ( -
.
) (12 elite

.Pareto

.

) (13 totalitarian
unified
all absorbing .
) (14 :Finalism
.

.

) (*15 :

Letica protestane e lo spirito del capitalismo capatilismo ; published
in Nuovi studio, volume four 1931 et seq. (Die protestantishe Ethik
und der Geist des capitalismo, first published in the Archive Fur
Sozlawissenscaft und Sozial-politik, vols. xx1, 1904 and 1905.
English translation 913 y Talcott Parsons) The protestant Ethic and the
Spirit of Capitalism, London, Allen and Union, 1930.
Groethuysen
:
(Origine de lesprit bourgeois en France, Vol.1. LEglise et la
)bourgeoisie, Paris, 1927
) norma di vita (16
) (etica

.
) (17 Solipsism

.
) (18
.

) (19 passion
.
.

.
) (20
Marinetti Spaghetti
Bontempelli 1930
.
) (21 unitary
.
) (22 categoriacal .
) Servo della gleba (23

.
) (24



.
) (25
.
.
immanentism
.
) (*26 Le
monde sans ame Daniel Rops
.
.


.
il reale razionale auttuosamente e
)(27
attualmente

.

.
) (28
.
catharsis
.
.
) (29
:
.
.
) (30 .
)Ef. the article by father Mario Barbera in (31
La civilita in La civita Cattolica, 1 june 1916
) (32 :
Teoria dello spirito come atto puro,
1916
.
) (33 :ideological party

.
) (34 Ardigo
(1920 .

Roberto

)-1828

) (**35
.
: -
. .
) (36 Alessandro Manzoni
) (1836-1785

.1810
) (*37 Destutt de Tracy
) (1836-1754 .
) -(
. Dr, Cabanis
: rapport du physique
) et du moral Condillac
Hevetius ... ( .
: Manzoni
Bourget ) taine
Mourras
(.
)
( . lments de l'idologie
) (1818-1817
Elementi di
:
ideologia del conte destutt de Tracy translated
by
G.Compognoni,
Milan,
stamperia
di
giambattista, sonzogno, 1819

.
) (38 Henri De Man
Au

del du Marxism
.




.
++++++++++++++++

Antonio Gramsci
Selctions from Prison Notebooks
:Edited and translated by
QUINTIN HOARE
And
GEOFFERY NOWELL SMITH
:
LAWRENCE AND WISHART-LONDON1978

: