LP PHNG N PHNG CHY CHA CHY

I/- NGHA V MC CH:

Hu ht cc nc trn th gii ngoi cc B lut hnh s, Lut lao ng, Lut doanh nghip,
Lut thu th khng th thiu B lut PCCC. iu ny cho thy vic PCCC l ht sc quan
trng, bi l n lm hn ch n mc thp nht thit hi v ngi v ti sn ca nh nc, ca
tp th doanh nghip v ca mi ngi dn.
Thc t khch quan cho thy, vic xy ra ha hon ti cc c s sn xut kinh doanh do nhiu
nguyn nhn rt d xy ra (do cht chy lng, cht chy kh, cht chy rn, tia la in, cht oxy
ha). Lm cng vic bo v (bo v chuyn nghip) trong c vic bo v an ton khng
chy n. Mi mt nhn vin bo v phi nm chc cc phng n PCCC ca tng mc tiu.
Ngi ch huy cng cn phi nm vng hn v phi iu hnh t chc cha chy khi ha hon
xy ra. L d nhin khng ai mun c ha hon xy ra c, chnh v vy cn nm vng nhng
nguyn tc c bn ca PCCC nh sau:
-

Huy ng sc mnh tng hp ca ton th mi ngi tham gia PCCC.

Trong hot ng PCCC th ly phng nga l chnh, phi tch cc phng nga, hn ch n
mc thp nht cc v chy xy ra v thit hi do v chy xy ra.

Mi hot ng PCCC trc ht phi c thc hin v gii quyt bng lc lng v phng
tin ti ch.

Phi chun b sn lc lng, phng tin, phng n v cc iu kin khc khi c chy x
ra th cha chy kp thi, c hiu qu.

Mt thc t khch quan khc, a s nh my, x nghip, c s kinh doanh, vn phng cao c u
phi c phng n PCCC do bn thn ch doanh nghip lp v trnh c quan PCCC a phng
duyt. Song cng c ni cha lm hoc cha kp lm. Khi thu bo v chuyn nghip, yu cu
bo v chuyn nghip lp phng n PCCC.
L cng ty dch v bo v chuyn nghip chng ta khng c quyn t chi (mc d y khng
phi l nhim v ca bo v). V li vic t mnh lp ra phng n PCCC cho mc tiu mnh
qun l s gip cho lc lng bo v hiu r mc tiu v hon thnh tt hn trch nhim ca
mnh.
Vi tt c nhng phn tch trn, khng nh rng Ch huy trng mc tiu cn thit phi thng
tho cng vic lp phng n PCCC chun b cho mi tnh hung v hon thnh tt nhim
v.
II/- YU CU CNG TC LP PHNG N PCCC:
Cng t phn tch trn, ta c th rt ra nhng yu cu ti thiu ca mt phng n PCCC.
-

Khi c Lut PCCC th

lut.

mi

phng n PCCC t ra phi ph hp vi qui nh ca php

i vi mt mc tiu c th phi t ra c phng n thit thc st vi thc t mc tiu.

iu quan trng l sau khi c phng n ph hp vi lut php st vi thc t th phi c s

kim tra v duyt ca c quan PCCC a phng (Phng, X, Huyn, Thnh ph) ty
theo qui m ca c s mc tiu m c yu cu xt duyt ca cp no.

III/- NI DUNG V PHNG PHP LP PHNG N PCCC:

1/ T nhng yu cu trn c th thy cn p dng nhng phng php c bn sau:
a/- Kho st tnh hnh PCCC trn ton mc tiu.
b/- Lp s b tr cc Phng, Ban, Xng, lu cc khu vc c nguy c chy n cao. S
b tr cc phng tin PCCC theo tnh cht, v tr, qui m ca cc a im c nguy c chy
n, s li thot him khi c s c chy xy ra.
c/- Tham kho kin ch qun v tnh hnh PCCC v kh nng cung cp trang thit b PCCC.
Ngoi nhng phng php trn ty theo tnh hnh thc t ca cc mc tiu khc nhau c th
b sung cc phng php khc, c th xy dng c phng n PCCC ti u cho tng
mc tiu.
Qua yu cu ca cng tc lp phng n PCCC vi nhng thng tin thu thp qua cc phng
php tin hnh c th hnh thnh cho mnh qui trnh lp phng n PCCC v p dng nh
sau:
-

Kho st tnh hnh PCCC ti mc tiu.

Lp phng n PCCC

Thng qua ch qun.

Trnh duyt ti c quan PCCC a phng.

Kt hp ca qun trin khai phng n ti tng cn b cng nhn vin ca c quan ch qun
v nhn vin bo v chuyn nghip ca mnh.

T chc tp vt theo phng n thng qua tnh hung c th c kh nng xy ra ti mc tiu.

2/ Ni dung phng n PCCC:
Trong ni dung phng n PCCC ca mt mc tiu nht thit phi bao qut c cc vn
sau:
2.1/

c im ca mc tiu lin quan n cng tc PCCC:

V tr a l: Ghi r cc cng trnh, ng ph, li, xm, sng, h, ao tip gip vi mc tiu.

ng giao thng trong v ngoi mc tiu: Ghi r cc tuyn ng, nhng tc ng nh

hng n vic lu thng, khong cch n i cnh st PCCC, qun l a bn mc tiu,
c bit giao thng ni b.

Ngun nc v cc ngun vt t khc (nu c) c th s dng cho PCCC:

Ngun
nc

TT

01

02
Bn trong
Bn ngoi

Tr lng(m3)
hoc lu lng
(lt/h)
03

V tr, khong cch

ngun nc ti M
(m)
04

Nhng im
cn lu
05

Trong phn vng thng k cc ngun nc hoc cc vt t khc c th phc v cho PCCC,
ghi r kh nng ly nc vo ma ma, ma kh, phng n ly hiu qu nht, ch r v tr,
khong cch ti mc tiu t ngun bn ngoi.
-

Tnh cht, c im nguy him v chy, n, c hi ti mc tiu:

Phn ny cn ghi r c im kin trc xy dng (bao nhiu tng, mi ngi, l, tng gch,
t) v b tr cc hng mc cng trnh trn khun vin M, phn tch tnh cht cng nng
s dng vo cc hng mc lin quan n nguy c chy, n, c.
c im ca nguy c chy n, c (cht gy chy, n, c, khi lng, s lng, vn tc
chy, c im chy, kh nng chy lan sang cc khu vc xung quanh).

Lc lng, phng tin cha chy ti mc tiu:

Lc lng:

Phng tin PCCC:

i vi phn ny cn ghi r s i vin trong i PCCC ca n v ch qun trong v ngoi
gi lm vic, ngi ph trch vic phn cng ca nhn vin bo v trong ca lm vic, chng
loi, s lng v tr t cc phng tin PCCC (Ch thng k phng tin PCCC m bo
cht lng theo qui nh), lc lng v phng tin ti ch c th thng xuyn b sung.

2.2/

Phng n x l tnh hung chy ln phc tp nht:

Ty theo tng M c c im khc nhau m chn tnh hung phc tp nht ti M .

2.2.1/ Gi nh tnh hung chy:
Trong trng hp ny cn gi nh tnh hung xu nht:
Chy d lan, gy thit hi v ngi v ti sn.
Gp kh khn phc tp cho vic cha chy, cu ngi.
Cn phi huy ng nhiu lc lng mi c th x l c.
Trong tnh hung gi nh nu r thi im xy chy, im xut pht chy, nguyn nhn xy ra
chy, cht chy, thi gian chy d kin kh nng lan truyn ca m chy v nhng nh
hng tc ng ti vic cha chy (thi gian, khi, kh c, sp cng trnh, d kin v tr s
lng ngi lm nn).

2.2.2/ Tnh ton lc lng, phng tin cha chy:

TT

n v huy
ng

S ngi huy
ng

S lng, chng loi

phng tin huy ng

Ghi ch

01

02

03

04

05

lm vic ny cn tnh din tnh din tch chy (gi nh), din tch cha chy, lng nc cn
thit cha chy, lc lng, phng tin lm mt, cha chy, cu ngi.
2.2.3/ K hoch huy ng lc lng, phng tin cha chy:

TT

n
v huy
ng

in
thoi

S
nc
huy
ng

S chng loi
phng tin huy
ng

S chng loi
phng tin huy
ng

01

02

03

04

05

05

2.2.4/ K hoch trin khai cha chy:

Phn ny cn gi nh c th tng vic cho tng lc lng, v tr cho cc phng tin cha chy.
a/

Nhim v c th ca lc lng ti ch:

y cn phn r cho tng ngi, tng b phn cc cng vic c th:

- Ai ct in, u ?
- Ai bo chy ?
- Ai trin khai cha chy ?
- Ai t chc cu ngi ?
- Ai m bo hu cn cho lc lng tham gia cha chy (trong trng hp chy ko di) ?
- Ai n tip lc lng c huy ng n ?
- T chc bo v hin trng m chy.
- Khc phc hu qu m chy.
b/

Nhim v lc lng Cnh st PCCC:

Trong phn ny gi nh phi nu r nhim v ca tiu i, n v nhn tin.

- iu ng lc lng, phng tin n m chy.

- Tnh cht m chy.

- Ch huy cha chy, tham mu tc chin.
- B tr phng tin cha chy, cu ngi.
c/

Nhim v c th ca cc lc lng khc:

phn ny cp n cc nhim v ca cc lc lng:

- Cng an
- Qun i
- Y t
- Cp nc
2.2.5/ S b tr lc lng, phng tin cha chy tnh hung chy ln phc tp
nht:
V y l tnh hung gi nh phc tp nht, nn phi lp c s b tr lc lng v phng
tin cha chy c th.
-

V mt ng tng th (Nu l nh cao tng phi v c mt ct ng), bao gm cc cng

trnh, ng ph, sng, h gip ranh M.

Ch hng gi ch o.

Giao thng, ngun nc bn trong v ch dn ngun nc bn ngoi, kch thc cc cng

trnh, khong cch gia cc hng mc (Xng, nh kho) v tr m chy gi nh.

B tr lc lng cha chy, hng tn cng chnh, v tr ban ch huy cc k hiu, hnh
v trn s phi thng nht theo qui nh.

2.3/ Phng n x l mt s tnh hung chy c th:

Ngoi phng n gi nh tnh hung phc tp nht, cn t ra phng n x l chy din hp
(chy kho M, chy khu vn phng, chy bi xe vn ti)
V ni dung phng n vit nh cho tnh hung phc tp nht, song phi nu bin php c th
cho tng tnh hung khc nhau, mc khc nhau.