1

4102

.
- -
. .

. -
- (138 -117) .

()1

()2

Colin H. Roberts
.
.

-
-
1- Colin H. Roberts, Manuscript, Society and Belief in Early Christian Egypt, Oxford University Press, 1979, p. 1 ; Birger A. Pearson,
Earliest Christianity in Egypt, Some Observations, in The Roots of Egyptian Christianity, Editors, Birger A. Pearson ; James E. Goehring,
U.S.A., 1986.

-2 31 1959.

.

.
.
.


. .
.
.
38 . 41 . 66
- 55- .
(117 -98) 122-159( Primus)
()3
Cyrenaica .

.
.
.
4
( ).
()5

()6
1965) . 1934
:
. .
.

H. Roberts

Bauer

-1877( Walter

Colin
3- Colin H. Roberts, op. cit., p. 56.
4- Ibid., p. 56.

-5 () (1965-1877) .
.
-6 ( ) .
.
.
- -
.
. .

Walter Bauer 1979 .

. ( )7
( . )8
(.)9

.
()15
.
.
(215-155)
Stromata .
()11

Colin H. Roberts
()12
.
Colin H. Roberts :
( )0 .
( )4 .
()13
( )3 .

.
.
()14

.
.
.

.

-7 .
-8 )1( : )2( Egerton Gospel ( Gospel of Thomas
)3( )28-26 1 .P. Oxy . Irenaeus, Adversus Haerses

9- Birger A. Pearson, op. cit., p. 132, 133 ; Colin H. Roberts, op. cit., p. 52.
; 10- Klijn, A.F.J., Jewish Christianity in Egypt, in The Roots of Egyptian Christianity, Editors, Birger A. Pearson
James E. Goehring, U.S.A., 1986, p. 165.

-11 Basilides . Valentinus

12- Birger A. Pearson, op. cit., p. 134.

-13
.
-14 : 9:6

()15

H. Lietzmann :

.

()16
.
R.D. Richardson H. Lietzmann
()18
()17
Brooke Foss Westcott F.J.A. Hort
()19
.

H. Roberts Danilou Hornschuh Koester
. A Jewish-Christian Character
()25
.
Colin

.

()21
.

.

.

.

-15 1942-1875( Hans Lietzmann) .

. .
.

Cf. Cross, F.L. & Livingstone, E.A. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (ODCC), (2nd edition), 1988, p. 822.
16- Lietzmann, H., Mass and Lords Supper, A Study in the History of the Liturgy, tr. By H.G. Reeve, with Introduction and
Supplementary Essay by R.D. Richardson, Leiden 1953-1974.

: 2555 428

-17 1951-1825( Brooke Foss Westcott) Durham 1895 .

. . Lightfoot 1875
. Cambridge . . .
....
Cf. ODCC, 2nd edition, p. 1470.

-18 1892-1828( Fenton John Anthony Hort) . .

-19 431

Cf. ODCC, 2nd edition, p. 667.

20- Klijn, A.F.J., op. cit.,p. 162.

21- Ibid., p.162.

()22

.
: B.A. Pearson
()23
.
. -
-

.
- -
. Colin H. Roberts
()24
.

.
(345-265):
...
()25
. ...

. ....
: ...
()26
...
.

.
.

... ()

. .
.
- -
.

-25 .
-26 - - 36 ().

22- Ibid., p.163.

23- Birger A. Pearson, op. cit., p. 136.
24- Ibid., p.134.

()25

()27
()

...

...
()28
.
.
.
.
( )4-1:45:1(.)3-1:24

.

(117 -98) .
. 117

.
142-135( Eumenes)
132 135 .


(138 -117) .
.

.
(215-155) (117 -98)
-27 .
-28 1979 95 24-2:17:2 .

29

( ) . .
()35

Colin H. Roberts
117 . 117
337 ( 225) 42 355
. .
117 .
.
117
.
117 185 .
.
.
()31
The Shepherd of Hermas - () .
.
.
(254-185)
.

117 .
.



()32
.
.
.
117 (117 -98) .
.
()33
.
29- Strom. VII, 106.
30- Cf. Colin H. Roberts, op. cit., p. 58, 59.

-31 .
.
-32 : 2:25 42:5 46:2 5:16 1 19:16 15:4 2
33- Cf. H.I. Bell, Cults and Creeds in Graeco Roma and Egypt, p. 79.

.

. - -
()34


(215-155) (254-185) .

( ) () . Septuagin

.
( 246-285.) .

()35
. .
.
.
13( Philo.55-.)
151-37( Flavius) .

Josephus

(254 -185)
. .
.
.

.
.
-
- . 95
- -
()36
. . Massoretic Text
.
(425-342)
.
34- ODCC, 2nd edition, p. 1083.

-35 .
-36 MT .

. (435 -354)
( .)37 .

.
KJV
.
.
1826 .
.

1955
. 1975 .
1969 - -
International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies
IOSCS
()38
.

1957 RSV
1995 NRSV .
1995

:
.

.
* * *

.
.
.
-

-37 :
- -
:
...
.
-38 : 1994 .

De Doctrina : 15, 22, II.

15

(255-135) - .
1873 .
.
(215-155) (254-185) .
117 132.
.
.

.

21 . : .

( )17 -1
.
. . ( )21-18
()39
. .
* * *

( )
(195 +)
()45
.
Pantaenus .

()41
. (215-155)
.

.
.

.
.
.

39- Cf. Lawrence J. Johnson, Worship in the Early Church, An Anthology of Historical Sources, Liturgical Press Collegeville,
Minnesota, 2009.
40- Colin H. Roberts, op. cit., p. 54.
41- Ibid., p. 70, 71.

11

(215-155)

. .
.
()42

(215-155)
()43
.
(254-185) .
()45
()44
. .
()46
.
()47
.
Hypotyposes :
[ .
.
()48
...
.
()49
] .

.
.
.
. .
-42 .
-43 (.)3:13:6
-44 8:5

Cf. Klijn, A.F.J., op. cit., p. 164.

-45 - -

.
-46 7:1:1
-47 5:12

Cf. Klijn, A.F.J., op. cit., p. 164, 165.

-48 : (
) . (
) ( ) .
. - -
.
-49 .)5-1:11:5(

12

.
:
: ( ) . Protrepticus Pros Ellinas .
.
()55
: . Paidagogos . .
.
.
: . Stromata
. .
()55

(215-155) :


(215-155)
.
. -
()51
- .

. - (254-185) -
.
. (225-165)
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.:
[ .
. .
.
. ...
] ( .)12:3
[ ]
( .)22:4
-55 .)3:13:6(
-51( : .)7:7

13

.
.
.:
[ ( )
.
] ( .)8:2

.

.:
[

.
.

.
()52
.
. .
] ( .)14:6
.
.:
[
. ( ) .
] ( .)12:3
- -
. .:
[
. :
. ] ( .)9
[
-52 :

.... .
[ : ]
.
( .)12:7

14

] ( .)6:7
.
:
[ .... .
. ( )
] ( .)2:2
()53

[ ] .
(215-155)
. . :
[ . . .
. . . .
() .
.
. .
. . .
] ( .)4:2
[
.
... ] ( .)4:2
()54

[ ( ] . )4:2
[
. () .
] ( .)4:2
.
. :
[( ) : ...
... . ...
...
...
] ( .)12:7
53- Excerpta ex Theodoto 4.82.1

.
. .
-54 .

15

:
[ ]
( .)22:4
()55

:
[ .
] ( .)7:7

( .)27:24

.
* * *

.
. .
.

() Aquila
()56
.

(254-185).
.
()57

()58
.
-55 (373-328):
[ :
.
: .
.
: ( )7:132
. ( 34:68)].
: 489

PG XXVIII, 620.
56- Colin H. Roberts, op. cit., p. 57.

-57 .
.

58- Roger S. Bagnall, Alexandria: Library of Dreams, Proceeding of the American Philosophical Society 146.4 (2002), p. 348-

16

Serapeum Serapis .
Catechetical school -


.
(345-264)
: Pantaenus Clement Origen
.
. :
- -
- -
()59
.

.
.School of thought -

217 -198( Zephyrinus) .
. .
- -

.
235
. Egyptian Church Order
( .)47 -21
- -
1915 E.
Schwartz R.H. Connolly 1916
.

()65

Connolly

R.H.

362, 351-356.
Cited by, Stephen J. Davis, The Early Coptic Papacy, The American University in Cairo Press, Second printing 2005.
p. 188, n. 2

-59 257 256 )1:15:5(

-65 Down Side Abbey

. 1657 1611


61

17

( )
. Studies, contributions to Biblical and Patristic literature
( : - -
- - ).
Texts and

.
.
. .


.



.
.

. - Heraclas
-
()62
. .


()63
.
.

.
. .
1935 .
Down Side Review .
. 1896
1899 (1916-1954) .
Egyptian Church
Order 1916 Didascalia Apostolorum 1929 . 1942
De Sacramentis (397-339) .
Journal of Theological Studies .
61- Dom R. Hugu Connolly, M.A., The So- Called Egyptian Church Order and Derived Documents, Cambridge,1916.

-62 .)15:6(

63- Cf. Bardy, Gustave, Pour lhistoire de l'cole dAlexandrie, In Vivre et Penser, Seconde srie, 1942, p. 80-109, esp. 100 and
109.
Stephen J. Davis, op. cit., p. 191, n. 28.

18

instruction-

elementary

248 . (265-248)
()64
. 253 -
(373-328) - 254 .
-
. .
- -
()65
.

. .

(215-155).

.:
[ :
()66
] .


. :
()67
[ ] .
()68
[ ] .
. .
. :
()69
[ ] .

. .
-64 : ...
-
.)PG 26, 649)
-65 .
-66 (.)6:33
-67 1 36 5
-68 (.)4:2
-69 7:32

19

:
[

()75
] .
:

.
* * *

()71

(264-247)
(345-265)
.
.
.
(264-247) :

. . .
. .
345-265( ) ()
Nepos
1555 .
. (265-248)
. Nepos
. .
:
[ () ...

...
-75 (.)3:13

:
...
...
... .
( .)4 2:32
.
:
. .
( .)2 1:29
( )97 ( )3 66
-71 46 45 44 41:6( .)28-25 11-9 7-4 2 1:7

25

...
. ...
- -
.
()72
.]
Nepos (264-247)
. :
[ Nepos ...
.
. .
].
()73

265 -
-
... :
()74
.

.
.


.
()75

265 Basilides .

.

. (254-185)
Christian .
(265-248).

-72 .
.
-73 .
-74 .)15:35:7(

-75 .

21

()76

.
.
.
()77
.


.
()78
. 355 .
- - P.E. Kahle
a
()79
. bilingual book in the form of a school tablet H.I. Bell
()85
.

262 .
(355 - 284) 353 .



(355 - 284) . (345-265) :
. .
()81
...

()82
.


.
.

-76 . 1925.

-79 Bodleian (.)Gr. Inscr. 3019

Cf. H.I. Bell-H. Thompson, in JEA 11 (1925), p. 241-246.

77- Colin H. Roberts, op. cit., p. 66.
78- Colin H. Roberts, op. cit., p. 64.
80- Colin H. Roberts, op. cit., p. 67.

-81 17 284 17 353.

-82 .)4 1:2:8(

22

()83

.
(355-282) .
.

()84
.
.
()85
.
(453-315) ( )1:69 375
. The Church of -
()86
Boukalis - -
( .)87 . .

.
(117-115) .
. .

.
.
:
( )1 (264-247) . .
( )2 (355-282) . .
.
( )3 . . (.)345-339
()88

83- Birger A. Pearson, op. cit., p. 151.

-84 325 .

85- Cf. Colin H. Roberts, op. cit.,p. 72, 73.

-86 Boukalis . Boukolou

( B) Cow pastures . .
. .

-87 .)23 ( :

88- Annick Martin, Alexandrie lpoque romaine tardive: limpact du Christianisme sur la topographie et les institutions, p. 1213, dans Bulletin de l'institut Franais dArchologie Orientale, 1998.

23

* * *

- - Colin H. Roberts
( )89
( .)95 Morton
Smith 1958( )91 (215-155) 1973( .)92
.



.
93
( ) .
. Pericoli
()94
Ridolfini .
. : .
()95
. Two Greek recensions

89- Cf. Birger A. Pearson, op. cit., p. 145, n. 65.

90- Cf. Stephen J. Davis, op. cit., p. 7.
91- Stephen J. Davis, op. cit., p. 184, n. 30.

-92 Morton Smith 1973 :

.
The Secret Gospel: The Discovery and Interpretation of the Secret Gospel According to Mark, New York, Harper & Row, 1973.

:
.
Morton Smith, Clement of Alexandria and a Secret Gospel of Mark, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1973.

The Secret Gospel, 14-17; and also:

http://www.user.uni-bremen.de/~wie/Secret/letter-engl.html.
93- Birger A. Pearson, op. cit., p. 138 ; Stephen J. Davis, op. cit., p. 9.
94- Birger A. Pearson, op. cit., p. 143 ; Stephen J. Davis, op. cit., p. 10.

-95 ( 881) .
( .)PG 115,164 ff. ( 866)
. :
Acta Sanctorum (rev. ed.; Paris: Palm, 1863-1940) 12: April, 3, XXXVIII-XL (cod. Vatican gr. 866).

Allen Dwight Callahan, The Acts of Saint Mark: An Introduction and Translation, Coptic Church Review 14 (1993), p. 3 -10.

P. Hubai, The Legend of St. Mark: Coptic Fragments, in Studia Aegyptica XII (Studia in Honorem L. Fti; Budapest, 1989), p.
165-234.

P. Hubai, The Legend of St. Mark, p. 187, note 1 ; B.A. Pearson, op. cit., p. 140, n. 37 ; Allan Dwight Callahan, The Acts of Mark:
Tradition, Transmission, and Translation of the Arabic Version, in The Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles: Harvard Divinity School
Studies, edited by F. Bovon, A.G. Brock, and C.R. Matthews, Cambridge, 1999, p. 62 -85.
Cf. Stephen J. Davis, op. cit., p. 185, n. 36.

24

()96

( 1555-915) .
* * *
(337 - 323) - .
()97
.

:
.

(.)98

.

. .


. .
(399 -395)
:
()99
At Dawn . In the Day Lamp Lightening . At Dusk()151
()155
. In the Night . Third Hours -96
. : (
) . ( )3 .
.

-97

197923

98- Robert Taft, S.J., The Liturgy of the Hours in the Christian East: Origins, Meaning, Place in the Life of the

-99 :
: ...

Church, Cochin: K. C. M. Press, 1984, p. 32.

...
Cf. PO, t. 4, fasc. 5, p. 482.

() : ....

Ann. du Mus.

Guimet, XVII, 577

-155
-151 T :

PO, t. 4, Fasc., 5, p. 446, 497.

25

()
()152
.
. Synaxis .
()153

()154
(425 -342)
()155
35 45 45 .
Dawn Synaxis

()156
.

.

.

( ) ( ) .
.
... .
.
:Robert Taft
()157
.

. 62 ... .
145 ... ... .

.
-152 .
Cf. Ann. du Mus. Guimet, XVII, p. 613.

-153 The office of the six prayers

of prayers
.
Six Sections

. Compline

104- Cf. PL, Regula of St. Jerom, Regula 126.

105- Robert Taft, op. cit., p. 63.
106- Veilleux, Pachomian Koinonia, Vol. 2, p. 142.
107- Robert Taft, op. cit., p. 251.

26

() .
.
.

.

.


.


.
.
* * *

(385-385)
()158
. 18 .


. :
( :)7 ( ) : .
( :)13
: . .
(412 -384)
.


Oxyrhynchus
.

108- Cf. Georg Graf (Von), Geschichte Der Christlichen Arabischen Literatur (GCAL), I,Citt del Vaticano, 1944,
p. 316.

27

(435-354)

()159

()115

( )
()111

. .
.

()113
()112
. .
(254-185) - (373-328) -
.
.
()114
. .
.


115
( ).
(381-343) .
()116
.
( )384-378 :
( :)13
: :
( )117
.
(496-489).
( )52 692 .
( 0111-509) (
-115 : 3-1:16:9
-111 3:25:4
2 -112 14:3
-113 16:2
-114 4:23
-115 : 26 .
-116 51 49 29 16 .

109- Colin H. Roberts, op. cit.,p. 57.

1728-1646( Van Espen) ( )16 ( - )29 :

.
1 -117 5:7

28

)65
: .

.

.

.
()118
. .
* * *
455 .

(373-328) .
(378 -373)
.
()119

118- Ibid., p. 57.

119- Gregory Dix, Dom, The Treatise on The Apostolic Tradition of St. Hippolytus of Rome, op. cit., p. LIX.