4 The Structure of Matter

Date:

Name:

4.2 Ionic and Covalent Bonding

Important Terms

Ionic bond
Metallic bond
Covalent bond

What Holds Bonded Atoms together?

1. How many different kinds of bonds describe the way atoms bond in most substances?
_______________________
2. Atoms bond when their _____________________ _____________________ interact.
3. Why are atoms with full outermost energy levels less reactive than atoms with only partly
filled outermost energy levels?
4. Explain what happens when two hydrogen atoms bond, as described on page 115-116.

5. Bonds are often represented as sticks or bars, but behave more like what?
Ionic Bonds
6. Atoms of __________________________ elements form _____________________ charged ions.
Atoms of _______________________ elements form _____________________ charged ions.
7. Some atoms do not share electrons to fill their outermost energy level. Instead, they
_____________________ electrons.
8. In your own words, briefly explain what happens to Na + (sodium) and Cl (Chlorine) ions to
form table salt.

Metallic Bonds
9. In your own words, briefly describe why electrons can move freely between atoms in
metals.

Covalent Bonds
10.Covalent bonds are often formed between _____________________ atoms.
11.In covalent bonds, atoms do not transfer electrons to one another, but instead
_____________________ one electron with the other atoms.
12.What is drawn between the two atoms to indicate that the atoms share electrons?

13.

The bond between two nitrogen atoms is stronger than the bond between two
oxygen atoms. Why is this?

4 The Structure of Matter

Date:

Name:

Section Review, p. 122

#1

a.

c.

b.

d.

#2

#4

#8 [Hint: use the image on the top of p. 120 to help you.]