Nhn bit v tch cc cht ra khi hn hp

Phn I: Ha v c
Bi 1: Tch ring cc kim loi Ag, Cu ra khi hn hp.
Bi 2: C hn hp bt CaO, MgO lm th no tch ring cc oxit ra khi hn hp.
Bi 3: C hn hp Al v mt s kim loai: Cu, Ag, Pb, bng phng php ha hc hy
tch ring Al ra khi hn hp kim loi.
Bi 4: C hn hp bt MgO v Fe2O3 bng phng php ha hc hy tch ring tng
oxit ra khi hn hp.
Bi 5: C hn hp gm Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3. Bng phng php ha hc hy tch ring
tng oxit ra khi hn hp.
Bi 6: a) Bng phng php ha hc, hy phn bit 4 kim loi sau : Al, Zn, Cu, Fe.
b) C 4 oxit ring bit sau: Na2O, Al2O3, Fe2O3 v MgO. Lm th no c th
nhn bit tng oxit bng phng php ha hc vi iu kin ch uc dng thm 2
cht.
Bi 7: Ch dng mt ha cht, nu phng php nhn bit 4 mu kim loi l Mg, Zn,
Fe, Ba.
Bi 8: C 3 l ng 3 hn hp dng bt: (Al+Al2O3), (Fe+Fe2O3) v (FeO v Fe2O3).
Dng phng php ha hc nhn bit chng. Vit phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 9: Ch uc dng thm mt thuc th, hy tm cch nhn bit cc dung dich (mt
nhn) sau y: NH4HSO4, Ba(OH)2, BaCl2, HCl, NaCl, H2SO4. Vit cc phng trnh
phn ng.
Bi 10: Ch dng thm nc, hy nhn bit 4 cht rn: Na2O, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Al cha
trong cc l ring bit. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 11: C th nhn bit cc dung dch sau y ch bng giy qu tm c khng?
Nu c, hy gii thch: H2SO4, Ba(OH)2, BaCl2, HCl, NaCl, NaOH.
Bi 12: C 4 l mt nhn c nh s t 1 n 4 cha cc dung dch : KI, AgNO3,
HCl, Na2CO3. Hy xc nh s ca mi dung dch nu bit :
- Cho cht trong l 1 vo cc l u thy c kt ta.
- Cht trong l 2 ch to kt ta vi 1 trong 3 cht cn li.
- Cht trong l 3 to mt kt ta v mt kh bay ra vi 2 trong 3 cht cn li.
Bi 13: C 4 l mt nhn A, B, C, D cha cc dung dch : HCl, CaCl2, NaHCO3,
Na2CO3.
Hy xc nh cc cht trong mi l v gii thch, nu bit:
- Cho cht trong l A vo l C thy c kt ta.
- Cho cht trong l C vo l D thy c kh bay ra.
- Cho cht trong l B vo lo D thy c kh bay ra.
Bi 14: C 2 dung dich: dung dch A v dung dch B. Mt dung dch ch cha 2 loi
cation v anion trong s cc ion sau :
K+( 0.15 mol); Mg2+ (0,1 mol); NH4+ (0.25 mol); H+ (0.2 mol); Cl- (0.1 mol); SO42(0.075 mol); NO3- (0.25 mol); CO32- (0.15 mol).
Bi 15: Ch c nc v kh CO2 lm th no nhn bit cc cht rn sau: NaCl,
Na2CO3, CaCO3,BaSO4. Trnh by cch nhn bit mi cht v vit phng trnh phn
ng.

Bi 16: Dung dch A cha cc ion: Na+, SO42-, SO32-, CO32-. Bng nhng phn ng ha
hc no c th nhn bit tng loi ion c trong dung dch.
Bi 17: Ch dung mt kim loi nhn bit cc dung dich sau: AgNO3, NaOH, HCl,
v NaNO3. Trnh by cch tin hnh v vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc minh
ha.
Bi 18: Dng mt ha cht phn bit cc dung dch sau: BaCl2, Na2SO4, Na3PO4,
HNO3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng minh ha.
Bi 19: Dng mt ha cht phn bit cc dung dch sau: H2SO4, Na2SO4, Na2CO3
v FeSO4. Vit phng trnh phn ng ha hc minh ha.
Bi 20: a) C 5 l mt nhn, mi l ng 1 trong cc dung dch sau y: Na2SO4,
KHCO3, Mg(HCO3)2, Na2SO3, Ba(HCO3)2. Trnh by cch nhn bit tng dung dch,
ch dung cch un nng.
b) Ch dung mt ha cht, hy cho bit cch phn bit st (III) oxit v st t
oxit. Vit phuwong trnh phn ng.
Bi 21: a) Dng phn ng ha hc nhn bit tng kim loi sau: Al, Ca, Mg v Na.
b) C 4 cht rn ng trong 4 l ring bit (khng c nhn) l : Na2CO3,
CaCO3, Na2SO4, CaSO4.2H2O. Lm th no c th nhn bit tng cht ng trong
mi l, nu ta ch dung nc v dung dich HCl.
Bi 22: C 5 dung dch ng ring bit sau: HCl, HNO3 c, NaNO3, NaOH,
AgNO3.Hy nhn bit cc dung dch bng phng php ha hc vi iu kin ch
dung kim loi nhn bit.
Bi 23: Dng 2 ha cht nhn bit 4 cht bt l K2O, BaO, P2O5, v SiO2. Vit
phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 24: Dng mt ha cht phn bit cc dung dch sau: BaCl2, KI, Fe(NO3)2,
AgNO3 v Na2CO3.Vit cc phng trnh ha hc minh ha.
Bi 25: C mt hn hp cht rn gm (NaOH, Na2CO3, NaHCO3) ch hn hp tan
vo nc c dung dch A. Hy nhn bit cc ion c trong dung dch A.
Bi 26: C 4 cc ng 4 cht sau: nc, dung dich NaCl, dung dch HCl, dung dich
Na2CO3. Khng dung ha cht no khc, hy nhn bit tng cht.
Bi 27: Cho cc oxit kim loi : K2O, Al2O3, CaO, MgO. Nu cch phn bit tng oxit
khi ch uc dng thm mt ha cht. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 28: C 6 gi bt mu trng tng t nhau: CuO, FeO, Fe3O4, MnO2, Ag2O v hn
hp Fe v FeO. CH dng thm dung dich HCl c th phn bit 6 gi bt trn
khng? Nu c hy tnh by cch phn bit.
Bi 29: C 5 mu kim loi: Ba, Mg, Fe, Ag, Al. Nu ch c H2SO4 long ( khng
c dng bt k cht no khc k c qu tm nc nguyn cht, c th nhn bit
c nhng kim loi no)?
Bi 30: Dng 1 ha cht phn bit 4 cht rn: NaCl, Na2CO3, BaCO3, BaSO4. Vit
cc phng trnh ha hc minh ha.
Bi 31: C 4 l ng dung dich NaHCO3, CaCl2, Na2CO3, Ca(HCO3)2. Khng dung
ha cht no khc, hy phn bit 4 l mt nhn trn.
Bi 32: Trong mt dung dch cha cc ion Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42-, Na+ v Cl-. Bng phn
ng ha hc v hin tng no chng t s c mt cc ion ny trong dung dch.
Bi 33:C 4 kim loi di dng bt: Mg, Al, Fe, Al ng trong 4 l mt nhn. Dng
cc phn ng ha hc cn thit xc nh tng kim loi y.

Bi 34: Ch dung nc, kh cacbonic hy nu phng php nhn bit 5 l bt trng

mt nhn l : NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCO3, Na2CO3, BaSO4.
Bi 35: a) C 3 ng nghim, mi ng c 2 cation v 2 anion trong s cc ion sau:
NH4-, Na+,Ag=, Ba2+, Mg2+, Al3+ v Cl-, S2-, NO3-,SO42-,PO43-, CO32-.
Hy cho bit cc cation v anion trong mi ng nghim ( cc ion trong cc ng
nghim khng c ging nhau)
b) C 5 ng nghim ng ring bit 5 dung dich khng mu l : NaCl, BaCl2,
Ba(NO3)2,Ag2SO4 v H2SO4. Khng dung ha cht no khc, lm th no xc nh
c tng cht trong ng nghim?
Bi 36: C 4 ng nghim nh s 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 cha mt trong 4 dung dch sau y:
Na2CO3,
FeCl2, HCl v NH4HCO3. Ly ng 1 vo ng 3 thy c kt ta xut hin, ly ng 3
vo ng 4 thy c kh bay ra. Xc nh cc ha cht trong cc ng nghim.
Bi 37: a) C cc ion Al3+, Na+, Mg2+ trong cng mt duna dch. Lm th no tch
ring bit chng khi nhau. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc xy ra khi tch.
b) C 3 cht rn mu trng sau: Na2CO3, MgCO3, BaCO3. Lm th no c
th phn bit chng.
Bi 38: a) Dng 1 ha cht phn bit cc dung dch sau: K2CO3, K2SO4, K2SO3, K2S,
K2SiO3.
b) Cho 5 oxit kim loi sau ng trong 5 l mt nhn CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4
v Ag2O; bng phn ng ha hc, hy dung cc ha cht cn thit nhn bit tng
oxit kim loi ni trn.
Bi 39: C 5 l mt nhn A, B, C, D, E cha cc dung dch HCl, H2SO4, BaCl2, NaCl,
Na2CO3. Xc nh cht cha trong mi l, gii thch nu bit:
- cht trong l A vo cht trong l B th c kt ta.
- cht trong l A vo cht trong l C th c kh bay ra.
- cht trong lo B vo cht trong l D th c kt ta.
Bi 40: C 4 l mt nh c nh s t 1 n 4 cha cc dung dch: AgNO3, ZnCl2,
HCl, Na2CO3. Bit cht trong l 2 to kh vi cht trong l 3 nhng khng phn ng
vi cht trong l 4. Xc nh cht cha trong mi l v gii thch.
Bi 41: C 4 cc ch ring bit : nc nguyn cht, nc cng tm thi, nc cng
vnh cu, nc cng ton phn. Bng phng php ha hc hy xc nh cc loi
nc no cha trong mi cc.
Bi 42: C 4 cht mu trng tng t nhau l NaCl, AlCl3, MgCO3, BaCO3. Ch c
dng nc v cc thit b cn thit (l nung, bnh in phn ). Hy trnh by cch
nhn bit tng cht trn.
Bi 43: C 3 l mt nhn cha cc dung dch, lo X gm NaHCO3 v K2CO3, l 2 gm
KHCO3 v Na2SO4, l Z gm Na2CO3 v K2SO4. Nu cch nhn bit cc l, nu ch
dng dung dch BaCl2 v HCl.
Bi 44: a) Cho 4 dung dch sau: (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, FeSO4, AlCl3. Hy chn mt
kim loi nhn ra cc dung dch trn.
b) C 3 dung dch mt nhn c nh s 1, 2, 3 cha cc cht sau: HCl,
K3PO4, BaCl2.
- Nu cc 1 vo cc 2 khng c hin tng g xy ra, nu cc 3 vo
hn hp thu c th cng khng c hin tng g xy ra.

- Nu cc 2 vo cc 3 th khng c hin tng g xy ra. Nu c I vo

hn hp thu c th cng khng c hin tng g xy ra.
Xc nh cc no ng HCl.
Bi 45: a) Nhn bit cc ha cht trong cc l mt nhn : HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 v
H3PO4 ch c dng thm ng v mt mu ty .
b) Lm th no nhn bit uc 3 axit H2SO4, HCl, HNO3 cng tn ti
trong dung dch long.
Bi 46: C 5 l ng kh ring bit ng cc kh sau:
a) O2, Cl2, HCl, O3, SO2.
b) N2, H2, Cl2, F2, CO2.
Lm th no nhn bit tng kh.
Bi 47: Nhn bit cc kh sau trong cc l ring bit bng phng php ha hc: O2,
O3, N2, Cl2, NH3.
Bi 48: C 6 bnh ng cc kh N2, H2, CO2, CO, Cl2, O2. Hy nhn bit cc kh trong
bnh bng phng php ha hc.
Bi 49: Dung dich A cha cc ion Na+, NH4+, HCO3-.CO32-, SO42-. Ch c qu tm v
cc dung dch HCl, Ba(OH)2 hy nhn bit cc cht trong dung dch A.
Bi 50: a) Lm th no phn bit c hai kh O2 v O3 hai bnh mt nhn.
c) C 3 mu phn ha hc khng ghi nhn l phn m NH4NO3, phn kali
KCl, v phn supephotphat Ca(H2PO4)2. Hy nhn bit mi mu phn bn
trn bng phng php ha hc.
Bi 51: C 3 l ng 3 dung dich HCl, HNO3, H2SO4. Hay trnh by phng php
ha hc nhn bit cc l ng dung dch axit trn.
Bi 52: C 3 l ng 3 dung dich HCl, H2SO3, H2SO4. Ch dng 1 ha cht hy trnh
by phng php ha hc nhn bit cc l ng dung dch axit trn.
Bi 53: a) C 5 bnh kh N2, O2, CO2, H2 v CH4. Hy trnh by phng php ha hc
nhn bit tng kh.
b) Trong mt bnh cha hn hp kh: CO,CO2, SO2, SO3, v H2. Trnh by
phng php ha hc nhn bit tng kh.
Bi 54: Dng mt kim loi, hy phn bit cc dung dch: axit HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 v
H3PO4. Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha.
Bi 55: Lm th no nhn ra s c mt ca mi khsi trong hn hp gm: CO, SO3,
CO2 bng phng php ha hc. Vit phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 56: a) C hn hp cha Al, Mg, Fe, Hy tnh by phng php ha hc tch
ring tng cht ra khi hn hp.
b) Hy dng phng php ha hc tch cc cht trong hn hp Al2O3,
Fe2O3 v CaCO3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 57: a) C dung dch FeSO4 ln tp cht l CuSO4. Lm th no loi b tp cht
bng phng php ha hc,
b) Nu bc c ln tp cht l nhng kim loi km, thic, ch, bng cch no
c th loi nhungx tp cht? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha minh ha.
Bi 58: C mt hn hp bt cc kim loai bc v ng. Hy trnh by cc phng
php ha hc tch ring c kim loi bc v ng. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc
phn ng.
Bi 59: C hn hp A gm (Mg v Fe) va dung dch B gm Cu(NO3)2 v dung dch
AgNO3 lc u cho n kh phn ng xong thu c hn hp C gm 3 kim loi v

dung dch D gm 2 mui.Hy trnh by cch tch tng kim loi trong hn hp C v
tng mui khi dung dch D.
Bi 60: Trnh by cch tch ri tng cht sau y ra khi hn hp cht rn v vit y
cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc xy ra: AlCl3, FeCl3, BaCl2.
Bi 61: Trnh by phng php tch:
a) Fe2O3 ra khi hn hp Fe2O3, Al2O3, SiO2 dng bt.
b) Ag ra khi hn hp Ag, Cu, Fe dng bt.
Vi mt trng ch dng duy nht m duna dch cha mt ha cht v lng
oxit hoc kim loi cn tch vn gi nguyn khi lng ban u. Vit cc
phng trnh phn ng ha hc xy ra v ghi r iu kin.
Bi 62: Mt loai mui n ln tp cht l Na2SO4, NaBr, MgCl2, CaCl2 v CaSO4. Hy
trnh by phng php ha hc ly NaCl tinh khit.
Bi 63: Cho hn hp bt cc kim loi Cu, Fe, Ag, Al. Hy dng phng php ha hc
(k c in phn nu cn) tch ring tng kim loai ra khi hn hp ban u.
Bi 64: Bng phng php ha hc , hy trnh by cch tch cc cht: Al2O3, Fe2O3,
SiO2 ra khi hn hp ca chng.
Bi 65:Mt hn hp gm Al2O3, CuO, Fe2O3 dng phng php ha hc tch
ring tng cht ra khi hn hp.
Bi 66: C hn hp dng bt gm 4 kim loi: Cu, Al, Fe, Mg. Bng phng php ha
hc hy tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn hp. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 67: Trnh by phng php ha hc tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn hp:
CuO, MgO, Al2O3 (lng kim loi khng dooir sau khi tahcs).
Bi 68: Nu phng php tinh ch Cu trong mt mu qung Cu c ln Fe, Al v S.
Bi 69: a) Nu phng php tch hn hp kh Cl2, H2 v CO2 thnh tng cht nguyn
cht.
c) Nu phng php tch hn hp vi, vi sng, thch cao v mui n
thnh tng cht nguyn cht.
Bi 70: a) Trong phng th nghim bng phng php no c th tch c kh N2 v
CO2 ra khi hn hp kh gm N2, O2, CO, CO2.
b) Mt hn hp c cha: Ag, Fe, Ag, Au. Hy nu phng php tch ring
Ag, ring Au t hn hp trn.
Bi 71: Mt hn hp M c cha 3 mui MgCO3, K2CO3, BaCO3. Vit phng trnh
iu ch 3 kim loi ring bit.
Bi 72: Trnh by phng php iu ch cc kim loi ring bit t hn hp gm CuS,
FeS2, Al2O3, MgCO3.
Bi 73: T cc cht khc nhau tc dng vi H2SO4, bng nhng phn ng ha hc
no c th iu ch c FeSO4 hoc Fe2(SO4)3.
Bi 74: a) T hn hp gm Al2O3 c ln SiO2, MgCO3. Hy iu ch kim loi Al t
hn hp trn.
b) Trnh by hai phng php iu ch hai mui ng ring bit tan trong
nc t hn hp ng bc. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 75: T hn hp cha CuO, CaCO3, Fe2O3, Al2O3 c php s dng dung dch
HCl, Fe, Al, nhit v dng c phng th nghim. Hy trnh by ba phng php iu
ch Cu nguyn cht.
Bi 76: a) T phn nhm-kali bng nhng phn ng no thu c Al(OH)3,

KOH.

b) Ch c bm kh CO2, dung dch NaOH khng r nng v 2 cc thy

tnh chia , hy iu ch dung dich Na2CO3 khng c ln NaOH khng c ln NaOH
hoc mui axit m khng dng thm mt phng tin hoc mt ha cht no khc.
Bi 77: a) Hy trnh by 5 phn ng khc nhau c th to ra HCl trc tip t Cl2.
b) Cho cc nguyn liu : vi, nc, khng kh, mui n, c iu kin k
thut cn thit, hy trnh by phn ng: iu ch NaOH, nc Javel, clorua vi,
amoniac v natri cacbonat.
Bi 78: a) T hai dung dch CuSO4 v MgSO4, vit cc phng trnh to thnh Cu v
Mg.
b) T hn hp duna dch A ch KCl, MgCl2, AlCl3. Vit qu trnh tch, iu
ch thnh cc kim loi ring bit.
Bi 79: a) Cu c ln t Ag, vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch Cu(NO3)2 t loi Cu
trn.
b) Cho cc ha cht Cu, HCl, KOH, Hg(NO3)2, H2O, hy vit cc phng
trnh iu ch CuCl2 (tnh khit).
Bi 80: Ch c nc, cc cht xc tc v cc trang thit b th nghim cn thit, hy
trnh by cc iu ch tng kim loi c trong hn hp FeS2 v CuS.
Bi 81: T NaCl, Na2S, Fe, H2O khng kh vi cc iu kin cn thit hy vit
phng trnh phn ng iu ch cc cht sau: Na2SO3, FeCl2, Fe2(SO4)3, NH4NO3.
Bi 82: T FeS2, vi sng, nc v cc thit b th nghim, cht xc tc cn thit, hy
iu ch FeSO4.
Bi 83: a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng trong qu trnh sn xut ng t qung
CuFeS2.
b) Hy nu ba phng php khc nhau iu ch Cu kim loi t duna dch
cha 3 mui l : CuCl2, NaCl, AlCl3. Vit phng trnh phn ng ha hc minh ha.
Bi 84: T mui n, pirit, khng kh, nc, vi cc iu kin thch hp, hy vit cc
phng trnh phn ng iu ch cc cht: Fe, FeSO4, NaNO3, NH4NO3, FeCl2.
Bi 85: Hy iu ch CuSO4 t Cu bng 3 phng php v iu ch Cu t CuSO4
bng 2 phng php.
Bi 86: T nguyn liu chnh l FeS2, qung boxit ( AL2O3 c ln mt t Fe2O3 v cc
tp cht tr khc), khng kh, than v cc ha cht ph khc, hy trnh by phng
php iu ch st kim loi v mui nhm sunfat.
Bi 87: C 3 dung dch mui sau: NaCl, CuCl2, FeCl3. Trnh by nhng phng php
iu ch kim loi t mi duna dch trn. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 88: Hn hp A gm : Na2CO3,MgCO3, BaCO3, FeCO3. Ch dng dung dch HCl
v cc phng php cn thit hy nu cc iu ch tng kim loi t hn hp ni trn.
Bi 89: a) Bng phng php ha hc, hy nhn bit hn hp cc cht sau:
(Fe+Fe2O3); (Fe+FeO); (FeO+Fe2O3).
b) Ch dng mt ha cht phn bit c duna dc sau: NH4Cl, FeCl2, FeCl3,
Al2(SO4)3.
Bi 90: C 4 dung dch trong sut, mi dung dch ch cha 1 loi ion dng v 1 loi
ion m. Tng s cc loi ion trong c 4 dung dch gm: Na+, Ba2+, Mg2+,Pb2+, SO42-,
Cl-, CO32- , NO3-.
a) 4 dung dch l dung dch g?
b) Nhn bit tng dung dch.

Bi 91: Bng phn ng ha hc, hy t chng mnh s c mt ng thi cc anion

trong dung dch cha cc mui NaCl, Na2SO4, NaNO3, v Na3PO4.
Bi 92: a) Nhn bit cc cation trong dung dch hn hp cc cht sau: AlCl3,
NH4NO3, BaCl2, v MgCl2.
c) Ch dng mt loi ha cht, hy phn bit cc l dung dch sau: NH4Cl, MgCl2,
FeCl2, NH4Al(SO4)2, FeNH4(SO4)2.
Bi 93: Dng phng php no chng minh khi t chy st trong kh clo thu
c FeCl3, nhng khi nung bt Fe vi S th thu c FeS.
Bi 94: Nhn bit cc dung dch sau y ch bng phenolphtalein:
a) H2SO4, MgCl2, BaCl2, NaOH, Na2SO4.
b) NaOH, HCl, H2SO4, BaCl2, NaCl.
Bi 95: Hy nhn bit 3 l mt nhn cha 3 dung dch mui: Na2SO3, NaHSO3,
Na2SO4 bng phng php ha hc.
Bi 96: C 6 l khng nhn ng ring bit tng dung dch sau: K2CO3, (NH4)2SO4,
FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)2, Al2(SO4)3, MgSO4. Ch dng mt ha cht c th nhn bit 6 dung
dch trn hay khng?
Bi 97: C cc l ring ng dung dch NH4NO3, Al(NO3)3, Pb(NO3)2, FeCl3, HCl v
KOH. Khng dng ha cht no khc, hy nhn bit tng dung dch.
Bi 98: Ch dng mt axit thng dng v mt bazo thng dng , hy phn bit 3 hp
kim sau y:
a) Hp kim Cu-Ag b) Hp kim Cu-Al c) Hp kim Cu-Zn.
Bi 99: Hy nu phng php nhn bit c dung dch mt nhn sau y: AlCl3, NaCl,
MgCl2, H2SO4. Ch c dng thm mt loi ha cht nhn bit.
Bi 100: Ch c dng kim loi, hy nhn bit cc dung dch sau y: HCl, HNO3
c, AgNO3, KCl, KOH.
Bi 101: C 5 dung dch sau: NH4Cl, FeCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3 v MgCl2, hy dng mt ha
cht nhn bit tng dung dch.
Bi 102: Dng thuc th thch hp phn bit cc cht sau:
a) Cc dung dch NaCl, NaBr, NaI, NaOH, HCl.
b) HCl, NaOH, NaNO3, NaBr.
Bi 103: Dng thuc th thch hp, hy nhn bit cc dung dch mt nhn sau:
a) NaCl, NaBr, KI, HCl, H2SO4, KOH.
b) Na2SO4, H2SO4, NaOH, KCl, NaNO3.
Bi 104: Khng dng ha cht no khc, hy phn bit cc dung dch sau: HCl,
AgNO3, Na2CO3, CaCl2.
Bi 105: Khng dng ha cht no khc hy phn bit 4 dung dch cha cc ha cht
sau: NaCl, NaOH, HCl, phenolphthalein.
Bi 106: C 5 dung dch sau: NH4Cl, FeCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3 v MgCl2. Hy dng mt
ha cht nhn bit cc dung dch trn.
Bi 107: Ch dng HCl v H2O hy nhn bit cc cht sau y ng ring bit trong
cc l mt nhn: Ag2O, BaO, MgO, MnO2, Al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 v CaCO3.
Bi 108: Trong mi dung dch c cc ion: Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, HCO3-, Cl-. Hy nu v
gii thch:
- Trong dung dch c th c nhng cht no?
- Khi c cn dung dch c th thu ucj nhng cht rn no?
- Khi nung hn hp cht rn sau khi c cn c th thu c nhng cht g?

Bi 109: Khng dng ha cht no khc, hy phn bit cc dung dch sau: HCl,
MgSO4, NaOH, BaCl2, NaCl.
Bi 110: Dung dch A c cha cc ion Na+, NH4+, HCO3-, CO32-,SO42-,(khng k cc
ion H+, OH-) ca nc. Ch dng qu tm v cc dung dch HCl, Ba(OH)2 c th nhn
bit cc ion trong dung dch A khng?
Bi 111: C 6 ng nghim c nh s ng cc dung dch khng theo th t: natri
nitrat,
ng clorua, natri sunfat, kali cacbonat, bari nitrat v canxi clorua. Hy xc nh s
ca tng dung dch. Bit rng khi trn cc dung dch s 1 vi s 3 , s 1 vi s 6, s 2
vi s 3, s 2 vi s 6 v s 4 vi s 6 th cho kt ta. Cho dung dch AgNO3 tc dng
vi dung dch 2 cng cho kt ta. Hy xc nh cc dung dch trong ng nghim.
Bi 112: Cho 5 cation: Ag+, Ba2+, Mg2+, Na+ v 4 anion: Br-, OH-, SO42-, CH3COO-.
Hy cho bit thnh phn hai dung dch, mi dung dch cha 2 cation v 2 anion ni
trn khng trng lp.
Bi 113: Hy dng cc kim loi phn bit cc dung dch sau: HCl, NaNO3, NaOH,
Hg(NO3)2, HNO3 v CuSO4.
Bi 114: Khng dng thm ha cht khc, da vo tnh cht ha hc hy phn bit
cc dung dch: K2SO4, Al(NO3)3, (NH4)2SO4, Ba(NO3)2, NaOH.
Bi 115: C 6 l khng nhn ng ring bit tng dung dch sau: K2CO3, (NH4)2SO4,
MgSO4, Al2(SO4)3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3. Dng dung dch xt hy cho bit l no ng
dung dch g?
Bi 116: Ch c dng mt kim loi v chnh cc ha cht ny lm th no phn
bit nhng dung dch sau y: NaOH, NaNO3, HgCl2, HNO3, HCl.
Bi 117: C 4 l dung dch nc ca BaCl2, NaOH, AlNH4(SO4)2 v KHSO4 b mt
nhn, Ch c dng qu tm v chnh cc ha cht trn, hy trnh by phng php
n gin nht phn bit cc l ha cht trn.
Bi 118: C 4 l khng nhn ng cc dung dch sau: HCl, Na2SO4, NaCl, Ba(OH)2,
ch c dng qu tm v chnh cc ha cht trn nhn bit cc cht.
Bi 119: Ch dng qu tm lm th no phn bit c dung dch cc cht sau:
Na2SO4, Na2CO3, NH4Cl.
Bi 120: Ch dng m ha cht khc nhn bit tng dung dch sau: NH4NO3,
NaHCO3, (NH4)2SO4, FeCl2, FeCl3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc xy ra.
Bi 121: Mi ng nghim cha 1 trong cc dung dch sau: KI, BaCl2, Na2CO3,
Na2SO4, NaOH, (NH4)2SO4 v nc clo. Khng dng thm cht khc, hy trnh by
cch nhn bit mi cht trn.
Bi 122: Khng dng ha cht no khc, hy phn bit: NaHCO3, NaCl, Na2CO3 v
CaCl2.
Bi 123: C 4 l mt nhn ng 4 dung dch: HCl, H2SO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3, hy nhn
bit l no ng dung dch g m khng c dng bt c thuc th no.
Bi 124: Ch dng mt ha cht phn bit cc dung dch sau y:
a) K2SO4, K2CO3, K2SiO3, K2S, K2SO3.
b) MgCl2, NaBr, Ca(NO3)2.
Bi 125: Dng thuc th thch hp nhn bit cc dung dch sau y:
a) BaCl2, KBr, HCl, KI, KOH.
b) KI, HCl, NaCl, H2SO4.
c) HCl, HBr, NaCl, NaOH.

d) NaF, CaCl2, KBr, MgI2.

Bi 126: Ch dung thm mt ha cht hy phn bit cc l mt nhn sau:
a) MgCl2, KBr, NaI, AgNO3, v NH4HCO3.
b) NaBr, ZnSO4, Na2CO3, AgNO3 v BaCl2.
Bi 127: Cho cc cht CaCO3, Fe2O3, Al2O3, SiO2.
a) Nu mt vi tn khong cht c cha cc cht trn.
b) Bng mt ha cht t chn nhn ra cc cht trn.
Bi 128: Dung dch A cha cc ion: Na+, SO42-, SO32-, CO32-. Bng nhng phn ng
ha hc no c th nhn bit tng loi anion c trong dung dch.
Bi 129: Bng phng php no tch c Cu, S v O2 t CuSO4 v tch cc cht ra
khi hn hp rn gm CuSO4, CaCO3, NH4Cl.
Bi 130: a) Cho dung dch c hn hp cc mui: AgNO3, Cu(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, hy
trnh by c s ca phng php tch cc kim loi ring r ra khi dung dch.
c) Tch cc dung dch mui t hn hp cc cht sau: NaCl, MgCl2, AlCl3, NH4Cl.
Bi 131: Mt hn hp vn rn gm: Fe, Fe2O3, Al, Al2O3, Mg, MgO, Cu v Ag, Hy
trnh by nguyn tc ly Al, Cu, Fe,Mg v Ag dui dng n cht bng phng
php ha hc.
Bi 132: a) Nu phng php tch ring tng mui ra khi dung dch gm 3 mui:
MgSO4 , NiSO4, CuSO4.
c) Hy tch cc cht sau y ra khi hn hp: BaO, MgCO3, Al2O3, CuO.
Bi 133: Trnh by cch tch ring cc cht t hn hp: NaCl, CaCl2 v CaO.
Bi 134: a) Trnh by phng php ha hc tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn
hp bt gm : Cu, Al, Mg, Au.
c) Hy tch hn hp 3 mui: NaCl, MgCl2, NH4Cl thnh cc cht ring bit.
Bi 135: Hy dng phng php ha hc tch cc cht trong hn hp: Cr2(SO4)3,
CuSO4, MgSO4.
Bi 136: Vit cng thc phn t cc oxit ca C v S. T hn hp M ch cc oxit ,
lm th no tch ring c hai oxit c ha tr thp nht ca S v C bng phng
php ha hc. Cho bit axit sunfur mnh hn axit cacbonic.
Bi 137: Cho hn hp cc mui KCl, MgCl2, BaCO3, BaSO4, hy nu cc tch ring
cc mui ra khi hn hp.
Bi 138: Trong phng th nghim thng iu ch CO2 t CaCO3 v dung dch HCl,
do CO2 b ln mt t kh hiroclorua v hi nc.Lm th no kh CO2 hon
ton tinh khit.
Bi 139: Hy tch ring tng oxit di dng rn ra khi hn hp 3 oxit sau: Al2O3,
MgO, Fe2O3 vi iu kin khng lm bin i lng mi cht c trong hn hp.
Bi 140: a) C mt bnh ng cc dung dch mui: NaCl, CaCl2 v AlCl3 lm th no
tch c cc mui trn di dng mui tinh khit.
c) Trong mt bnh ng dung dch cc mui: NaHCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, NH4HCO3, lm
th no tch c cc mui trn di dng mui tinh khit.
Bi 141: Trong phng th nghim lm th no tch N2 t hn hp c N2, CO2, CO,
hi nc v H2S.
Bi 142: Nu cch tch cc cht ta khi hn hp:
a) Cl2 c ln N2 v H2.
b) Cl2 c cha CO2.
Bi 143: Nu cch tinh ch:

a) Mui n c ln MgCl2 v NaBr.

b) Axit clohiric c ln axit H2SO4.
Bi 144: Mt loai mui n c ln tp cht CaCl2, MgCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4 v CaSO4.
Hy trnh by cch loi cc tp cht thu c mui n tinh khit.
Bi 145: Hy ngh cch ly tng mui trong hn hp rn gm amoni clorua, bari
clorua, magie clorua. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc xy ra.
Bi 146: C hn hp bt 3 kim loi l Al, Cu, Fe. Hy trnh by phng php hoa
hc tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn hp. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 147: T cc cht ban u l NaCl, H2O, KOH, CaCO3 cc iu kin phn ng coi
nh c , hy vit phng trnh phn ng (nu c) iu ch cc cht sau: NaOH, H2,
Cl2, axit HCl, nc javel, KClO3, clorua vi.
Bi 148: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi iu ch cc kim loi Na, Al, Fe
t cc cht: Na2CO3, Al(NO3)3, FeS2.
Bi 149: Vit c phng trnh phn ng v trnh by cch iu ch kali t qung
sinvinit (gm ch yu NaCl v KCl) v iu ch cc kim loai cha trong qung
olomit.
Bi 150: Trnh by quy trnh sn xut sa theo phng php NH3 trong cng nghip.
Bi 151: a) Trnh by phng php iu ch Na kim loi t Na2SO4 bng phng
trnh phn ng ha hc.
c) Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch NaOH t cc cht v c, ghi iu kin phn
ng ( nu c). T NaOH c th iu ch c Na khng? Nu c, hy vit
phng trnh phn ng.
Bi 152: Bng nhng phn ng ha hc no ngi ta c th iu ch Ag t dung dch
AgNO3, Mg t MgCl2.
Bi 153: T dung dch NaCl, Ca(OH)2, vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc iu
ch cc cht: Na, Cl2, H2, nc javel, clorua vi, HCl.
Bi 154: T hn hp gm KCl, AlCl3, CuCl2 (vi cc cht cn thit khc v iu kin
thch hp) vit phng trnh phn ungs iu ch ba kim loi: K, Cu, Al ring bit.
Bi 155: T bt nhm, dung dch NaCl, bt Fe2O3 v cc iu kin cn thit, vit
phng trnh phn ng iu ch Al(OH)3, NaAlO2, FeCl3, Fe(OH)3.
Bi 156: C mt mu boxit dng sn xut nhm, mu ny c ln tp cht l Fe2O3
v SiO2. Lm th no t mu ny c th iu ch c Al tinh khit? Vit cc phng
trnh phn ng.
Bi 157: Hy trnh by ba phng php khc nhau iu ch mi oxit sau: CO2,
NO2, SO2.
Bi 158: Ngi ta sn xut supephophat n v supephotphat kp t pirit v apatit c
thnh phn chnh l Ca3(PO4)2. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc xy ra.
Bi 159: T mui n, pirit, khng kh, nc vi cc iu kin thch hp (bnh in
phn, l nung, cht xc tc). Hy vit phng trnh phn ng ha hc iu ch cc
cht: Fe, FeCl2, FeSO4, NaNO3, NH4NO3
Bi 158: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ch ra:
Ba cch iu ch SO2, CO2.
c) Ba cch iu ch NaOH, Ca(OH)2
a)
Hai cch iu ch CuO, Al2O3. d) Su cch iu ch FeCl2.
b)