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ชุดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ที่ 3 เรื่อง กรด-เบส รายวิชาเคมี ว32223 ระดับชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 5
ชุดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ที่ 3 เรื่อง กรด-เบส รายวิชาเคมี ว32223 ระดับชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 5
2551
- 32223 5
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ready?
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1. 5
2.
3
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2.2 3 10 10
2.3 3
2.4 3
2.5 3
3.
3 -
1. / /
2. 3 10 10
3.
4. 3
5. 3
6.
7.
3 -
/ /
3 :
3.2
1. - -
-
1. - -
2. -
3 -
eo oia
aooeea
- H+
H+
H+ -
1.
2.
e
2 ao
3 -
3
1. 10 1
2. (X)
10
1. -
.
.
. - 1
.
2. HCO3-(aq) + OH-(aq)
CO32-(aq) + H2O(l)
-
. HCO3- CO32. HCO3- H2O
. OH- H2O
. OH- CO323.
H2SO4(aq) + H2S2O7(aq)
H3SO4+(aq) + HS2O7- (aq)
. H2SO4 H3SO4+
. H2SO4 H2S2O7
. H2S2O7 HS2O7. H2S2O7 H3SO4+
4. HX (aq) + Y- (aq)
HY (aq) + X-(aq)
. HX, H3O+
. HY, Y. HY, X. HX, HY
3 -
5.
HSO-3 SO2-3
H2BO-3 H3BO3
HNO2 PH3 NO-2 PH-2
HS- S2- H2S HS-
. (1) (4)
. (2) (3)
. (3) (4)
. (1) (2) (3) (4)
6. HCO-3
2H2O (l) + CO2(g)
. HCO-3(aq) + H3O+(aq)
. HCO 3(aq) + H2O(aq)
H2CO3 (aq) + OH-(aq)
. HCO-3(aq) + OH- (aq)
H2O (l) + CO2-3(aq)
H2CO3 (aq) + SO42-(aq)
. HCO-3(aq) + HSO-2(aq
7. HPO2-4
. H2PO-4
. PO3-4
. H3PO4
. H3O+
8.
.
. OH.
.
9. H2O (1) (2)
H3O+(aq) + Cl- (aq) ..(1)
HCl(g) + H2O(l)
NH3(g) + H2O(l)
NH4+(aq) + OH- (aq)..(2)
. (1) (2)
. (1) (2)
. (1) (2)
. (1) (2)
10.
. HSO4. H2O
. CH4
. NH4+
3 -
3
-
............................................................................. .......................
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9-10
7-8
5-6
0-4
3 -
eo iei e
oiia i o
iei 3.1
eo -e
-
H+
H+
1 -
CH3COOH +
1
H3O+ + CH3COO-
H2O
2
-1
-2
CH3COOH H+ H2O
H3O+ H2O H+ H3O+ H+
CH3COO- H2O CH3COOH
CH3COOH
CH3COO- ()
CH3COOH ()
CH3COO+
H3O
H2O ()
H2O
H3O+ ()
(H+) 1
1
3 -
- 2
a oo
HCO-3(aq) + H2O(l)
H+
1
- 2
NH+4(aq) + OH-(aq)
NH3(g) + H2O(l)
1
H+ H+
- 2
CN-(aq) + H2O(l)
- 2
H2S(aq) + H2O(l)
1
3 -
-
- 2
1.
100%
(Ka Kb) Kb Kb
Kb
NH3
Kb = 1.76 x 10-5
Kb = 9.5 x 10-7
N2H4
C6H5NH2
Kb = 4.3 x 10-10
NH3> N2H4 > C6H5NH2
2.
HCl (aq) + H2O
H3O+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
-
HS- (aq) + H2O(aq)
H3O+ + S2- (aq)
H3O+ + S2-(aq)
HS- (aq) + H2O(aq)
Cl-(aq) + H3O+
HCl + H2O
10
3 -
3.1 -
3.
11
3 -
3.2 HCl, HBr, HF, HI
HI > HBr > HCl > HF>H2S > H2O
NH3 + H2O
1 2
- 1
- 2
CH3COO- + H2O
1
2
- 1
OH- + CH3COOH
2
12
3 -
3.1 -
1.
OH- F- H2O
HCO3- HSO4-
2.
OH- H2O HCO3- HBr
NH3
NH2-
H-
N2H4 CH3NH2
3. - -
3.1 HNO3 + H2O
H3O+ + NO3
3.2 CN- + H2O
HCN + OH.....................................................................................
3.3 H2SO4 + ClHCl + HSO4.......................................................................................
3.4 HSO4- + OHSO42- + H2O
.......................................................................................
3.5 O2- + H2O
OH- + OH.......................................................................................
3.6 H2S + NH2HS- + NH3
.......................................................................................
3.7 N2H4+ NH2N2H3- + NH3
.......................................................................................
3.8 CH3OH + HCH3O- + H2
........................................................................................
3.9 N2H5+ + NO2N2H4 + HNO2
........................................................................................
3.10 HNO3 + H2SO4
H2NO3+ + HSO4........................................................................................
HS-
13
3 -
3.2
--
HCl (H+) HCl
H2O (H+) H2O
oea
aa
14
3 -
3.2
1.
1.1 HCl
1.2 HNO3
1.3 NH3
1.4 NH2-
1.5 HClO4 .
1.6 F- ..
1.7 NH4+
1.8 H2SO4.
1.9 Cl-.
1.10 H2S
15
3 -
3
1. 10 1
2. (X)
10
1.
H2SO4(aq) + H2S2O7(aq)
H3SO4+(aq) + HS2O7-(aq)
. H2SO4 H3SO4+
. H2SO4 H2S2O7
. H2S2O7 HS2O7. H2S2O7 H3SO4+
2. HCO3-(aq) + OH-(aq)
CO32-(aq) + H2O(l)
-
. HCO3- CO32. HCO3- H2O
. OH- H2O
. OH- CO323.
.
.
. - 1
.
4.
(1) HSO3- SO23(2) H2BO-3 H3BO3
(3) HNO2 PH3 NO-2 PH-2
(4) HS- S2- H2S HS-
. (1) (4)
. (2) (3)
. (3) (4)
. (1) (2) (3) (4)
16
3 -
5. HX(aq) + Y-(aq)
HY (aq)
+
. HX, H3O
. HY, Y. HY, X. HX, HY
6. HPO2-4
. H2PO-4
. PO3-4
. H3PO4
. H3O+
7. HCO-3
. HCO-3(aq) + H3O+(aq)
. HCO-3(aq) + H2O(aq)
. HCO-3(aq) + OH- (aq)
. HCO-3(aq) + HSO-2(aq
+ X-(aq)
8.
. HSO4. H2O
. CH4
. NH4+
9. H2O (1) (2)
HCl(g) + H2O(l)
H3O+(aq) + Cl- (aq) ..(1)
NH3(g) + H2O(l)
NH4+(aq) + OH- (aq)..(2)
. (1) (2)
. (1) (2)
. (1) (2)
. (1) (2)
10.
.
. OH.
.
17
3 -
3
-
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9-10
7-8
5-6
0-4
ao
aaeo
18
3 -
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10
10
9-10
7-8
5-6
1-4
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http://tc.mengrai.ac.th/Kristtika/page8.htm
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blank.htm
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3 -
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3 -
3
-
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
22
3 -
3.1
-
1.
OH- F- H2O HCO3- HSO4- NH3 NH2- H H2O HF H3O+ H2CO3 H2SO4 NH4+ NH3 H2
2.
OH- H2O HCO3- HBr
O2- OH- CO32- Br-
N2H4 CH3NH2
N2H5+ CH3NH3+
3. - -
3.1 HNO3 + H2O
H3O+ + NO31
2
2 1
3.2 CN + H2O
HCN + OH 1 2
1 2
3.3 H2SO4 + Cl
HCl + HSO41 2
2 1
3.4 HSO4 + OH
SO42- + H2O
1
2
1 2
23.5 O + H2O
OH- + OH 2 1
1 2
3.6 H2S + NH2
HS- + NH3
1 2
2 1
3.7 N2H4+ NH2
N2H3- + NH3
1 2
1 2
3.8 CH3OH + H
CH3O- + H2
1 2
1 2
+
3.9 N2H5 + NO2
N2H4 + HNO2
1 2
2 2
3.10 HNO3 + H2SO4
H2NO3+ + HSO4 1
2
1
2
HSS2-
23
3 -
3.2
1.
1.1 HCl + H2O
H3O+ + Cl1.2 HNO3 + H2O
H3O+ + NO3-
NH4+ + OH-
NH3 + OH-
H3O+ + ClO4-
1.6 F- + H2O
HF + OH-
H3O+ + NH3
24
3 -
(Union of Myanmar) :
(Paduak)
25