Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Tamil Porul Arithal
Tamil Porul Arithal
nghUj;Jjy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUisj; Njh;T nra;jy; (m)
mUr;nrhw; nghUs;
nrhy;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
tpz;
thdk;
mjdpyh
mfy; + epyh
nka;
cz;ik> cly;
epyh
xsp
vd;G
vYk;G
ghhpf;Fk;
tL
jOk;G
jpq;fs;
mfo;thh;
Njhz;Lgth;
rhd;
rhd;Nwhh;
,fo;thh;
,opthf NgRgth;
kd;
jiy
Kjd;ikahd mwk;
xg;gh;
epyT
xOf;fKila
nghpNahh;
nghUspy;yh
mirr;nrhy;
epfuhth;
,d;dh
jPait
kW
Fw;wk;
Kw;gfy;
fhiy
mJ
,r;nrhy; Fw;wj;ij
Fwpf;Fk;
gpw;gfy;
khiy
Mw;whh;
jhq;fkhl;lhh;
frlw
Fw;wk; ePq;f
njUke;J
kdk; Fok;gp
frL
gOJ> Fw;wk;
Nja;th;
Jd;GWth;> mopth;
jf
nghUe;j
fit
vz;zp
Muha;e;J
nfhk;G
kuf;fpis
fUkk;
nra;aj;jf;f
mfk;
cs;Ns
vz;Ztk;
Muha;Nthk;
rit
rig
,Of;F
Fw;wk;
ePl;
lL
;
jpUKfk;
ngUik
rpwg;G> cah;T
thrp
rpWik
jho;T
mlf;fk;
fl;lisf;fy;
ciuf;fy;
flf;f
gb
Muthuk; ,y;yhj
gz;G
nty;y
jpU
nry;tk;
fUjTk;
epidf;fTk;
jpUtpid
nry;tj;jpid
kil
kjF
,d;ik
tWik
gpwNuhL Nrh;e;J
goFjy;
XLkPd;
XLfpd;w kPd;
cWkPd;
nghpa kPd;
el;G
gug;Gk;
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 1 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
ef
kyUk;gb
mw;w
tw;wpa
neQ;rj;J
cs;sj;J> md;Gld;
mW
ePq;F
mq;fz;
mofpa ,lkhd
cw;Wop
Njitahd nghOjpy;
tpRk;G
thdk;
xl;b
Nrh;e;J
miuapy;
,Ug;gpy;
kUq;F
gf;fk;
rhtp
jpwTNfhy;
<e;j
nfhLj;j
gq;fak;
jhkiu
mw;W
Fuk;G
tug;G> gr;ir
fsQ;rpak;
ghril
NguwpQh;
mfit
taJ
rPtyg;Nghp
gRikahd ,iy
xd;iw xd;W jOtp
epd;W
jpUKf;$ly;
,y;yhj
kpFjpahf Nrkpf;Fk;
,lk;
rpwe;j mwpTilath;
xg;G
cld;ghL
nghd;
jhNd
mir
Nghfk;
ftpd;
moF
mfk;
cs;
fko;
kzk; tPRk;
Gwk;
ntspNa
<l;lk;
njhFjp
kjp
re;jpud;
Xr;Rk;
Xq;Fjy;
utp
#hpad;
fpuzk;
xspf;fjph;
nghop
kpFjp
<l;b
rk;ghjpj;J
Kfpy;
Nkfk;
rpj;jk;
kdk;
NjNt
,iwtNd
ghjk;
mb
nray;
mwpT
nrz;L
kyh;nfhj;J
rPh;
nry;tk;> rpwg;G
,yf;F
Nehf;fk;
rPz;l
njhl
cop
,lk;
tha;ik
cz;ik
Jiz
msT
Qhyk;
cyfk;
vhp
neUg;G
Nfhyj;jhy;
Vw;wq;nfhs;
cUtj;jhy;
Vkuh
ghJfhg;G ,y;yhj
kpf cah;e;j
ey;yhh;
nghpahh;
mshtp
mshtp
7-k; tFg;G
jq;fk;
,d;gk;
(,iwtidrhh;e;J)
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 2 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
jphpNg
khw;wNk
Nghw;wp
njspe;J
epfh;
rkk;
ahf;if
cly;
tpag;G(j.nrhy;)
Mr;rhpak; (t.nrhy;)
mw;wJ
nrhpj;j jd;ik
cuj;j
xypkpFe;j
Mw;Wzh
fl;Lr;NrhW
Nfsph;
cwtpdh;
,y;
,y;iy
rhy;G
ew;Fzk;
xs;spad;
rpwe;jtd;
vopy;
moF
itj;jy;
nghWg;gspj;jy;
Mw;wp
Kad;W
%lh;
mwpT ,y;yhjth;
ve;ij
je;ij
jpUkfd;
,NaR
ike;jh;
kf;fs;
Ngij
mwpahjtd;
muk;ig
thio
Vjk;
NfL> Fw;wk;
,UePh;
kpFe;jePh;
ghjfk;
mow;fjph;
Fw;Waph;
caph;NghFk; epiy
mjph;
xyp nra;Ak;
EtyUk;
Mz;lif
fz;zd;
Jauk;
tpsf;fp $Wtjw;F
mhpa
Jd;gk;
tpir
Ntfk;
Nfhtpy;
Nfhapy;
ePf;fk;
nts;sk;
thij
Jd;gk;
G+k;gs;sp
mofpa gLf;if
nrg;Gk;
$wg;gLk;
ePj;J
tpl;LePq;fp
rhtb
topNghf;fh; jq;Fkplk;
rj;jpuk;
khjtd;
FNryh;-rp.jtj;ij
nra;jtd;
iee;jhd;
tUe;jpdhd;
mb
ghjk;
maytd;
njhlh;G
mw;wtd;>md;dpad;
fopkfpo;
kpFe;j kfpo;r;rp
jaT
MjuT
fkyf;fz;zd;
jhkiukyh; fz;zd;
,iaT
nghUj;jkhf
xoptW
xoptW
Xa;T ,d;wp
Mjtd;
#hpad;
ge;jid
Mir
VFtPh;
nry;tPh;
gf;fzk;(gTzk;)
jpd;gz;lk;
thtp
Fsk;
thsh
ntWq;ifAld;
fid
xypf;fpd;w
Vfpth
nrd;Wth
thil
vw;F
vdf;F
$lypy;
kJiuapy;
eliy
tQ;rid
jop,
jOtp
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 3 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nghjp
Kbg;G
Ngio
ngl;b
kypjUk;
epiwe;j
gJkk;
jhkiu kyh;
tz;nghjp
,Wf;fl;lg;gl;lKbr;R
ghh;kpd;
ghUq;fs;
fhjy;nghypju
md;G ntspg;gLkhW
fy;yp
Njhz;b
Kbtpyh tho;T
Nghpd;g tho;T
tpOe;j
jho cz;lhd
va;j
mila> ngw
Njwy;
mfe;ij
Mztk;
faw;fzp
kpf;Nfhd;
kpFe;jtd;
,ay;G
Njd;
kPdhl;rpak;ik>
fay;fd;dp
jd;ik
ty;Nyhd;
ty;yik cilatd;
rhyp
xUtif ney;
Qhdk;
mwpT
fyk;
Flk;
Mu
kpFjp
fw;G
ngz;ik eyk;
,iw
flTs;
ehzk;
ntlfg; gz;G
jz;
Fsph;r;rp
fs;shik
jpUlhik
rhe;jk;
mikjp
es;shik
el;Gnfhs;shik
fuk;
if
el;lhiu
ez;giu
tpsq;Fw
ngUikAw
jUf;Ff
nty;f
taq;F
tpsq;F
mUf;Ff
RUf;fpf; nfhs;f
thd;
kio
RUf;Ff
jzpj;Jf; nfhs;f
Jg;ghh;f;F
cz;gth;f;F
xl;lhiu
giftiu
Jg;gha
Rj;jkhd
ts;sd;ik
<ifg;gz;G
Jg;ghf;fp
czTg;nghUis
cz;lhf;fp
fpisQh;
cwtpdh;
tph
tphpePh;
fly;
Cz;
cz;Zjy;
clw;Wk;
tUe;Jk;
Mapiu
kzpNkfiy
cohmh;
cOjiy nra;ahh;
jfT
ed;dlj;ij
jiy
Kis
ifj;J}z;
jPaxOf;fj;jhy; te;j
czT
ePh;ik
,ay;G
tl;L
#jhL fUtp
vopyp
Nkfk;
fzpif
guj;ij
rpwg;G
tpoh
fhzk;
nghd;
G+rid
topghL
tq;fk;
kuf;fyk;
jhdk;
<if
tsp
fhw;W
Giu
Fw;wk;
fiu
miy
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 4 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
md;d
Nghy
ef;f rhuzh;
cilapy;yhky; jphpgth;
XXjy;
jtph;j;jy;
ahkh;
ahkh;
kho;Fk;
mopf;Fk;
<kk;
MmJk;
ahk;cah;Nthk;
Rliy
Xh; ,uT
gpzr; Rl mLf;fpa
tpwF
kahdk;> RLfhL
,Lf;fz;
Jd;gk;
Kspnahp
kpf;f neUg;G
Mf;fk;
nry;tk;
gs;sp
,lk;
fop
kpFe;j
$iw
Glit
ey;FuT
tWik
Mba
G+rpa
gPio
gop
rhe;jk;
re;jdk;> mikjp
ryk;
tQ;rid
tpiu
kzk; fkOk;
,e;efh;
Gfhh; efh;
gpb
ngz;ahid
mjd;Riu
mfd;w cs;splk;
ah
xUtif kuk;
ghufk;
epyTyfk;
gb
epyk;
%J}h;
gioaCh;
KUfpak;
FwpQ;rpg;ghiw
rPyk;
xOf;fk;
fpis
rpid
jk;gpuhd;
rptngUkhd;
Mh;g;g
xypg;g
Ntzp
ril
rpiw
,wF
kL
Mokhfpa ePh;epiy
nghd;> nghyk;
nghyk;
moF
epjpak;
nghUl;jpus;
flW
fhL
fq;Fy;
,uT
nghyp
jhdpaf; Ftpay;
Mfkk;
cio
xUtif khd;
$ty;
fpzW
vy;yp
QhapW
khL
gy;ytk;
jsph;
thtp
jpUf;Fsk;
epiu
Mtpdk;> kpFjpahd
jhgdk;
gpujpl;il
nfhLthp
Gyp
fr;rp
rp
fhQ;rp
glh;
Jah;
khy;
jpUkhy;
ntQ;Ruk;
ghiyepyk;
Vlyh;
,jo; kyh;e;j
fy;
kiy
Vj;j
Jjpf;f
KUF
mz;lh;ehafd;
Njth;jiytd;
ky;yy;
tsk;
GiuaW
Fw;wkw;w
nrW
tay;> fhQ;rp
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 5 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
tpiu
thrid
tQ;rp
nfhbtif
jhid
Nrid
itfiw
tpbaw;fhyk;
kid
,y;yk;
cw
jkpofk; Nkk;gl
gzak;
gpizj;njhif
fhdy;
flw;fiu
vhpjoy;
jPg;ge;jk;
kfd;wps;
md;wpy;gwit
kUkk;
,ufrpak;
nfhz;fd;
jiytd;
fUkk;
flik
ky;f
epiwa
jD
tpy;
eiuapjo;
ntSj;j ,jo;
fhz;Btk;
mh;Rddpd; tpy;
kUjk;
kutiffs;
tO
Fw;wk;
me;jp
khiy
jhjd;
mbik
rhy;
cOjy;
Flk;
tpsk;GNfd;
$WNtd;
ghhpy;
cyfpy;
gzpj;jph;
fl;lis ,Lq;fs;
Kw;wk;
tPl;L thapy;
fdy;
neUg;G
Nfhb
kpFjpahd nghUs;
yhhp
ruf;Fg; NgUe;J
Fb
ey;y FLk;gk;
mr;rk;
gak;
eh
ehf;F
mz;ik
gf;fk;
Nfhlhik
jtwhik
jply;
jpwe;jntsp
<d;W
ngw;W
ehw;fhyp
ifk;khW
gjpy; cjtp
fLF
kjiy
Foe;ij
kFlk;
tpRg;gyif
gha;Nghy;
gpd;dpnj.fPw;W
fphPlk;
Gtdk;
cyfk;
CW
Jd;gk;> NfL
Vd;W
Vw;W
NgZtJ
ghJfhg;gJ
,iaahJ
<lhfhJ
mit
mur rig
rq;fud;
rptngUkhd;
ahj;j
vOjpa
gQ;rth;
Ie;J Ngh;
<uk;
,uf;fk;> fUiz
juk;
juk;
tif
fhzk;
nghd;fhR
tz;zk;
epwk;
fthp
rhkuk;
fspahid
nfhw;wk;
ntw;wpr; rpwg;G
epuy;
thpir
Gutyd;
ghJfhg;gtd;
nfha;J
gwpj;J
fhh;
fUik
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 6 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
kha;j;J
mopj;J
kW
Fw;wk;
kz;zpy;
cyfpy;
tPW
kd;gij
kf;fs; gug;G
nrw;wk;
$Wt
mz;
mz;lntsp
thd;ntsp
fio
%q;fpy;
XNrhd;
MW
top
Nkhl;rk;
tPLNtW> ew;fjp
njd;dh;
ghz;bah;
$yk;
jhdpak;
gs;
gs;S
fhz;lk;
E}ypd; ngUk;gphpT
rpe;J
xU ghtif
rpe;ij
kdk;
nfhz;ly;
Nkfk;
rkak;
kjk;
jz;liy
Nrhiy
rpdk;
Nfhgk;
fdfk;
nghd;
ah
vtw;iw
juq;fk;
flyiy
#y;
fUg;gk;
ehkk;
ngah;
cise;J
tUe;jp
nghUeh;
gifth;
thYfk;
ntz;kzy;
fUtp
ths;
fhd;wkzp
nrhhpe;j Kj;J
kiw
Ntjk;
fulk;
kjk;
Cd;
jir
tpflk;
tpflf; $j;J
Cdk;
Fw;wk;
jlk;
kiy
ciwAk;
thOk;
kUg;G
je;jk;> jusk;
Nfh
,iwtd;
ej;jpyk;
Kj;J
jpiu
miy
nfhz;ly;
Nkfk;
khf;fs;
tpyq;Ffs;
mutk;
ghk;G> Xir
ehl;lk;
tpUg;gk;
mf;fuk;
vOj;J
Nfhyk;
xg;gid
mfz;lk;
KOik
GU\
GU\h;fs;
tPuh;fs;> Mz;fs;
Ngjk;
NtWghL
];jPhpfs;
tPuhq;fidfs;> ngz;
cilik
nry;tk;
kpurq;fk;
nrhw;nghopT
klik
mwpahik
rhkd;a
vspa
kkij
nrUf;F
mjp\
mjp\;lk;
vjph;ghuh gad;
Giy
,opT
thpir
khpahij
itak;
cyfk;
Nrhkd;
re;jpud;
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 7 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
fUiz
mUs;
fpoik
cwT
,ay;G
ew;Fzk;
Gue;J
fhj;J
cLf;fz;
z;
tpz;kPd;fs;
ntw;G
kiy
faik
fPo;ikf; Fzk;
eypT
NfL
nghd;dp
fhtphp
neha;ik
fdkpd;ik> nkd;ik
nghUie
nghUie
jhkpuguzpahW
njha;T
,isg;G
jidfs;
jilfs;
FUjp
,uj;jk;
,lh;
Jd;gk;
td;kk;
jPuhg;gif
Fdpj;j
tisj;j
mOf;fhW
nghwhik
Fkpz; rphpg;G
Gd;rphpg;G
nrt;tp
jd;ik> moF
gdpj;j
Fsph;e;j vLj;j
rhpg;G
kbg;G tpOjy;
nghw;ghjk;
J}f;fpa jpUtb
klik
Ngjik
tyk;
gyfzp
rhsuk;> jpl;bthapy;
Gj;Njs; cyF
NjtUyfk;
mth
ntw;wp
rhsuk; (fhw;W tUk;
top)
Mir
ej;jk;
Mf;fk;
Iak;
re;Njfk;
rhf;fhL
,wg;G
thjk;
jUf;fk;
tir
gop
ghpkhz
ghpkhzk;
msT
,ir
Gfo;
gpur;rpid
rhty;> Nfs;tp
vr;rk;
vQ;rp epw;gJ
rh;tfyh rhiy
gy;fiyf; fofk;
tz;gad;
tskhd tpisr;ry;
glhNlhgk;
Mlk;guk;
Fd;Wk;
FiwAk;
Kf];Jjp
ngha;ahd Gfo;r;rp
eif
Kfkyh;r;rp
ehtha;
kuf;fyk; (fg;gy;)
ctif
mfkyh;r;rp
KJnkhop
gonkhop
Vkk;
ghJfhty;
khhp
kio
Giz
njg;gk;
khR
mOf;F
RLk;
mopf;Fk;
mq;if
cs;sq;if
nghUs;
Fzk;
rhy;
rhy;G
rpwe;j jd;ik
Jwe;jhh;
Jwtp
ew;NgW
rpwe;j nry;tk;
vs;sw;f
,fow;f
nfhw;wk;
ntw;wp
nkha;k;G
typik
,irT
cld;ghL
mLg
nty;th;
fhyjh; ([d;dy;)
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 8 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
jpiw
fg;gk;
Nghw;whh;
gifth;
ghh;
cyfk;
Nghw;wp
ghJfhj;J
jis
tpyq;F
Jd;dp
nghUe;jp
mit
rgh kz;lk;
vz;zpahh;
gifth;
fhy;ty;
typafhy;
1010-k; tFg;
tFg;G
ey;FuT
tWik
mQ;rhik
kdj;jpz;ik
tPL
Nkhl;rk;
Mf;fk;
ifg;nghUs;
Giz
njg;gk;
mjh;
top
,irgl
GfOz;lhf
mirtpyh
jsuhj
Cjpak;
gad;
nts;sk;
ePh;
ciug;ghh;
Gfo;Nthh;
cs;sk;
Cf;fk;
Gyth;
Qhdpfs;
ghL
ngUik
xd;wh
xg;gpy;yhj
ts;spak;
tz;ik cilNak;
tpj;jfh;
jpwikAilNahh;
NfhL
ahidj; je;jk;
nt&ck;
mQ;Rk;
kztdp
kzf;Nfhyk;
cuk;
jpz;zpa mwpT
vUj;jk;
gplhp> fOj;J
cs;s ntWf;if
Cf;f kpFjp
,Uj;jp
,hP,
fhh;
Nkfk;
ngUkfd;
Nrhokd;dd;(fhpfhyd;
Ch;
nry;Yfpd;w
nfhz;ly;
fhh;Kfpy;
nrUf;F
nry;tk;
,Uepwk;
,Uepwk;
mfd;w neQ;R
Mh;f;Fk;
fl;Lfpd;w
klf;nfhb
ngz; - rPij
ntFk;
tpUk;Gfpd;w
jlk;
ePh; epiy
gil
fUtp
mutiz
ghk;Gnkj;ij
$w;wk;
akd;
fkyr;nry;tp
jpUkfs;
epuaj;J
eufj;jpy;
<W
nfhq;F my
myh;jhH
hH
foy;
nrd;dp
Nrhbd;
Gak;
mopT
Mlth; mzpAk;
jz;il
Njhs;
mq;fz;
mofpa ,lk;
tdpijah;
kfsph;
jpfphp
Mizr;rf;fuk
mNuh
mirr;nrhy;
NkU
NkUkiy> ,kakiy
Mt
Mm
mspj;jy;
fhj;jy;
epiw
fw;G
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 9 of 20.
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
NfhL
kiycr;rp (rpfuk;)
KdpT
rpdk;
fhtphpehld;
Nrhokd;dd;
Eq;Ft
cz;Zt
jhd;
kio
Nehw;W
jtkpUe;J
xLf;fk;
KbT
khz;
rpwg;G
ehfehL
NjtUyfk;
<z;L
,q;F
khfthd;
tpz;Nkfk;
fUkk;
nray;
khehafd;
fly; thzpfd;
my;
,uT
<if
nghd;
ed;gfy;
ey;ygfy;
tbT
cUT
mkuh;
Njth
kz;Nja;j;j Gfo;
cyfshtpa Gfo;
cWfz;
Jd;gk;
klthh;
kfsph;
nghJk;gh;
Nrhiy
Mak;
$l;lk;
Jd;W
nrwpT> neLfofk;
nrt;Nts;
ts;
KUfd;
nghd;wpzp
nghypT kpf;f
Futh;
ngw;Nwhh;
Kdpgth;
rPWgth;
Mh;j;J
toq;fp
cd;dpNdd;
epide;Njd;
Ch;G
fpsh;e;J
Nrtb
nrk;ik mb
fPz;L
Njhz;b
Ntuy;
%q;fpy;
nrw;wk;
rpdk;
rpWNfhL
rpwpa nfhk;G
FUR
rpYit
nrt;tp
Vw;wgUtk;
nrhw;w
nrhd;d
jt
kpfTk;
Jyf;fk;
k;
tpsf;fk;
ee;jp
ee;jp th;kgy;ytd;
,ul;rfh;
fhg;gth;
fdfk;
jq;fk;
Mfbak;
Vsdk;
Kiofs;
Fiffs;
Nflztp
nfLjiy neUq;fpa
vy;
#hpad;
nfOkpa
$l;lkhf
nfhOed;
fztd;
khlztp
gf;fj;jpy; neUq;fp
fhzp
chpik
ghlztp
Jd;gkile;J
jikad;
mz;zd;
J}lzq;fy;
,opT ciu
nry;
Nkfk;
gukRjd;
NjtFkhud;
jphp$l kiy
jpUFw;why kiy
Kuz;fOe;jh;
giftuhd Kulh;
njhil
khiy
mzq;fhUk;
mr;rk; kpFe;j
eiw> Njwy;
Njd;
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 10 of 20.
10
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
mLk;
nfhy;Yk;
mfe;ij
nrUf;F> Mztk;
mkyd;
J}atd;
Gtdk;
epyTyfk;
fpse;j
$wpa
kJfuk;
NjdP
Nrhud;
jpUld;
Fow;fhL
$e;jy;
Xh;e;J
czh;e;J
mD$yd;
cjTgtd;
,iae;J
mile;J
nta;atd;
#hpad;
Vio
%ld;
ghp
Fjpiu
tpQ;rp
fle;J
,ujk;
Njh;
kwk; Cw;wp
jPiknra;J
,yFk;
Njhd;Wk;
njhOk;gh;
ez;gh;
tpj;Jtrdk;
Gyikngw;w kf;fs;
tpfhuk;
khw;wk;
FWKdp
mfj;jpah;
Muk;
khiy
nrdpf;Fk;
gpwf;Fk;
mzpfpsh;
moF kpFe;j
jpyfk;
nghl;L
Njha;
nghUe;jpa
,Uk;
nghpa
jhs
Koq;fhy;
jpiu
miy
tOjp
ghz;bakd;dd;
Gdy;fs;
ePh;epiyfs;
J}j;jpiu
J}a miy
jhjpah;
nrtpypah;
nghopy;fs;
Nrhiyfs;
tbfhy;
tha;g;G
ngz;L
kidtp
,yf;F
Fwpf;Nfhs;
fd;dy;
fUk;G
kd;gij
kf;fs; ,dk;
njhd;id
,iyf;fyk;
ah
ahit
ghpfhp
ghpfhpg;ghh;
ghJfhg;gth;
ngsjpfk;
,ay;gpay;
Gl;fs;
gwitfs;
cd;d
epidf;f
njhLthdk;
mbthdk;
thpir
jFjp
jlq;fz;
nghpafd;
fbe;J
rpde;J
$z;L
nraw;if Nfhs;
G+z;L
mzpe;J
mZ
Ez;zpa Jfs;
ctif
kfpo;r;rp
Nkjpdp
cyfk;
ruf;F
nghUs;
itfYk;
ehs;NjhWk;
vs;sp
,fo;e;J
ngz;
cikak;ik
Nfz;ik
el;G
Fd;wk;
kiy
RNjrpak;
cs;ehl;by; cUthd
nghUs;
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 11 of 20.
11
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
gud;
flTs;
kwyp
vkd;
gpuhd;
vy;yhtw;wpw;F Nkyhd
jiytd;
khh;fk;
top
XAk;
xopAk;
gpujpepjp
cWg;gpdh;
ruzk;
milf;fyk;
,isQh;
jk;gp
cWjp
ed;ik
mfty;
mftw;gh
ke;jhepyk;
njd;wy;
jil
Kl;Lf;fl;il
rhkiu
tprpwp
fphpkpdy;
Fw;wtpay;
,iwtd;
mUfd;
[py;yh
khtl;lk;
myif
Nga;
thrf rhiy
gbg;gfk;
ehdpyk;
G+kp
mhpkh
rpq;fk;
Nrhjp
xsp
ehop
Kfj;jsitg; ngah;
fhd;
kdk;
kidasF
Jz;lk;
Kfk;
ts;isg;ghl;L
cyf;ifg;ghl;L
nrgwaPy;
thdth; jiyth;
nts;is
ntz;gh
<dkpy;
Fw;wkw;wh
fhy;Nfhs;
mbg;gil
ahf;if
clk;G
mgpkhdpfs;
gw;whsh;fs;
ryhk;
tho;j;J
ehtyh;
Ngr;Rtd;ikAilath;
Jfpy;
Mil
tpO
tpOg;gk;
rpwg;G
ghpT
md;G
G+hpahh;
,ope;jth;
thJ
nrhw;Nghh;
,Lk;ig
Jd;gk;
<dk;
FiwghL
J}q;Ff
fhyk; ePl;bf;f
jia
,uf;fk;
fTd;
fd;dk;
Gutyh;
ts;sy;
xhp,
ePf;fp
tz;ik
nfhilj; jd;ik
muk;
xUtifths;
<LghL
gw;W
fyk;
ghj;jpuk;
fOtha;
ghpfhuk;
MtJ
Jwtwk;
xz;ik
Gfo;
Nrwy;
nry;jy;
mj;jhzp
hzp
murit
Ntwy;
nty;jy;
rPwh
tho;f;if tuyhW
<j;J
nfhLj;J
ghz;bj;jpak;
Gyik
ftwy;
kdk; fyq;Fjy;
Nkij
$h;j;j mwptpid
Xjy;
$Wjy;
(fhz;-nghd;)
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 12 of 20.
12
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
kL
rpwpa ePh;epiy
Nth;j;J
ntFz;L
KWty;
Gd;rphpg;G
jis
tpyq;F
Ntok;
ahid
jzg;gh;
ePq;Fth;
kfuaho;
Vjk;
Vjk;
Jd;gk;
FWeif
Gd;rphpg;G
jth
nrlhJ
Nfhit
kd;diu
ead;
ePjp
gWty;
nra;As;E}y;
rhuy;
Nrh;jy;
fspW gL
ed;dhg; gz;
ey;y eL ,lk;
NjwPh;
njspa khl;Bh;
kplW
fOj;J
cBh;
cLf;fkhl;Bh;
rpjh;
fe;ijj; Jzp
nfhBh;
nfhLf;fkhl;Bh;
,e;jdk;
tpwF
xth
xopahj
gq;fp
jiykaph;
Jtth
cz;zg;glhj
gfh;e;J
$wp
Gs;
gwit
khy;
jpUkhy;
jUf;
jUf;fs;
kuq;fd;
voP,
rpwpJ cah;j;jp
myh;
kyh;
kLj;J
Nfl;L
mfk;
kdk;
tpgQ;
tpgQ;rp
tPiz
Mk;
MFk;
Kz;lfk;
jhkiu kyh;
fpoik
chpik
Cl;Lk;
jUk;
ietsk;
xUtifg; gz;
nkha;
kG
;
kha;k;
typik
fypah
Muhthuk;
NkTk;
tpUk;Gk;
nghUg;G
kiy
mhpit
ckhNjtp> ghh;tjp
,op
,wq;Ffpw
mhp
jpUkhy;
khe;jp
gUfp
it
$h;ik
kQ;iQ
kapy;
NjkJuk;
kj;jkhd;
ahid
rQ;ryk;
kdf;ftiy
mhp
rpq;fk;
tpspj;j
Gy;tha;
fiykhd;
edp
kpFjp
kUl;if
kaf;fk;
Gdy;
jz;zPh;
kh
tpyq;fpdk;
klik
%lj;jdk;
,k;gh;
,t;Tyfk;
fsh;
gaphpl cjtjhepyk;
gz;lh;
ghzd;
cis
tUj;jk;
mioj;j
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 13 of 20.
13
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
gj;jpuk;
ghJfhg;G
kdd;
mfq;fhuk;
kL
ghy; Ruf;Fk; kb
tpiu
kzk;
fyk;
fyak;
mhprpdk;
kpFe;j Nfhgk;
myF
msT ,y;yhj
Fotp
Foe;ij
cjpuk;
,uj;jk;
rj;JU
giftd;
ms;sy;
NrW
fuT ,yh
tQ;rid ,yh
godk;
tay;
kiw
Ntjk;
ngha;if
jis
tpyq;F
ty;Y}W
ghh;g;G
Fsk;
nre;epwk; cila
my;ypkyh;
gwitf;FQ;R
VW
rpq;fk;. fhis
ft;it
Muhthuk;
newp
top
Nfh
murd;
nre;eh
eh Nghjh;
ts;Sth;
kUq;F
,il
mfit
taJ
#y;
fUg;gk;
thzhs;
MAs;
cis
tUe;Jk;
jhJ
%yg;nghUs;
fpz;fpzp
rjq;if
moy;
neUg;G
fPh;j;jp
Gfo;
me;jfd;
gpwtpFUld;
mk;gytR
eluh[ ngUkhd;
vU
cuk;
ntJk;gp
kdk; tUe;jp
mw;W
tw;wpa
cuk;
typik
mU
ePq;fpa
mfk
cs;sk;
mj;jhzp
murit
mf;fk;
jhdpak;
myh;
kyh;
mfit
taJ
me;jfd
fd;
gpwtpf; FUld;
mjh;
top
miu
,Lg;G
mapy;
$h;ik
mshtp
xd;iwnahd;W jOtp
mis
Nkhh;
muk;ig
thio
mkh;
Nghh;
mjph;
xypnra;Ak;
mhpkh
Mz; rpq;fk;
mb
ghjk;
mhp
jpUkhy;
mfe;ij
Mztk;
mutk;
ghk;G
mdd
Nghy
md;wpy;
gwit
mUf;F
RUf;F
muf;F Mk;gy;
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 14 of 20.
14
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
mly;
typik
mfd;Riu
mfd;w cs;splk;
mk;Gyp Nrhkd;
re;jpud;
mz;lh
Njth;
mrdk;
czT
me;jp
khiy
mz;lh;
Njth;
mz;ik
gf;fk;
mdy;
neUg;G
mz;lntsp
thd;ntsp
my;yy;
Jd;gk;
mit
mur rig
me;jk;
KbT
mr;rk;
gak;
mzpgzk;
mofpa glk;
mf;fuk;
vOj;J
miz
miz
gLf;if
mOf;fhW
nghwhik
mq;fk;
cWg;G
mjp\
mjp\;lk;
vjph;ghuhgad;
mzp
mzpfyd;
mth
Mir
mtyk;
Jd;gk;
mq;if
cs;sq;if
mUg;G
nfhb
mLg
nty;gth;
mzy;
fOj;J
mQ;rhik
kdj;jpd;ik
mj;jk;
fhL
mjh;
top
mfo;thh;
Njhz;Lgth;
mspj;jy;
fhj;jy;
mq;fd;
mofpa ,lk;
mutiz
ghk;Gnkj;ij
mJ
,r;nrhy;
mNuh
mirr; nrhy;
mlf;fk;
Muhthuk;
my;
,uT
mkuh;
Njth;
MNdW
vUJ
mUk;
nfhy;Yk;
Mw;whh;
jhq;fkhl;lhh;
mzpfpsh;
moF kpFe;j
Mw;Wzh
fl;Lr; NrhW
myif
Nga;
Mw;wp
mfty;
mftw;gh
Mjtd;
#hpad;
Mu
kpFjp
ms;sy;
NrW
Kad;W
mk;gyth;
eluh[ ngUkhs;
Mf;fk;
nry;tk;
mhpit
ckhNjtp
M. mJk;
ahk; cah;Nthk;
Mjp
Kjy;
Mapiu
kzpNkfiy
Mf;fk;
nry;tk;
Mba
G+rpa
Mop
fly;
Mfkk;
Ntjj;jpd rhuk;rk;
gR
Mh;g;g
xypg;g
Mfk;
cly;
MW
top
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 15 of 20.
15
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
Mtp
caph;
Mh;f;Fk;
fl;Lfpd;w
Mlfk;
nghd;
Mak;
$l;lk;
ML c
Mz;
Mh;j;J
toq;fp
Mrtk;
Njd;
Mt
Mm
Md;w
epiwe;j
Mk;
MFk;
Mak;
Njhopah;
MtJ
Jwtwk;
MF
vyp
Mfbak;
Vsdk;
Mb
fz;zhb
,fy;
Nghh;
Mgk;
ePh;
,akd;
$w;Wtd;
Mkh
fhl;Lg;gR
,Uk;ig
ghk;G
Muk;
re;jdk>; khiy
,twy;
kwjp
Miu
Nfhl;ilkjpy;
,fyd;
giftd;
Ma;
md;id
,Uik
,d;ik> kWik
Mshp
rpq;fk;
,d;dh
Jd;gk;
Myp
kioj;Jsp
,lh;
Jd;gk;
Mj;uk;
nea;
,d;ik
tWik
Mgad;
ghy;
,iw
flTs;
Muzk;
Ntjk;
,ilay;
Jfpy;
Mh;
moF
,uz;ak;
nghz;
,yk;
tWik
<l;lk;
$l;lk;
,wfh;
,wF
<k;
jz;zPh;
,fdp
ntw;wpiy
<dy;
fjph;
,FR
%q;fpy;
<q;fjph;
re;jpud;
,l;BL
tpthjk;
<fk;
re;jdkuk;
,Lf;fz;
Jd;gk;
<Q;R
<r;rkuk;
,Uepjp
ngUQ;nry;tk;
<wpyp
flTs;
,iujy;
xypj;jy;
<d;wd;
jha; je;ijahH
,y;
tpL> ,y;iy
<if
nfhil> nghd;
,ir
Gfo;
<Dk;
cz;lhf;Fk;
,e;J
re;jpud;
<z;L
,q;Nf
,lq;fh;
Kjiy
<z;ba
epiwe;j
,fo;thh;
,fo;thf NgRgth;
<l;b
rk;ghjpj;J
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 16 of 20.
16
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
,d;dh
jPait
<e;j
,Of;F
Fw;wk;
<kk;
,d;ik
tWik
<d;W
nfhLj;j
gpz Rl mLf;fpa
tpwF
ngw;W
,yf;F
Nehf;fk;
<W
mopT
,UePh;
kpFe;j ePh;
<dkpy;
Fw;wkpy;yh
,ay;G
jd;ik
<dk;
Fw;wk;> FiwghL
,e;efh;
Gfhh; efh;
<j;J
nfhLj;J
,ay;G
ew;Fzk;
crh
Muha;jy;
,irT
cld;ghL
cs;sk;
Cf;fk;> mfk;
,irgl
Gfo;gl
cud;
,Uj;jp
,U,
cuk;
,ul;rfh;
fhg;gth;
ca;T
jpz;zpa mwpT
typik> jpz;zpa
mwpT
tho;f;if
,iae;J
mile;J
cio
kPd;
,ufk;
Njh;
cz;b
czT
,yFk;
Njhd;Wk;
ctif
kfpo;r;rp
,Uk;
nghpa
cLf;if
Mil
,isQh;
jk;gp
cfph;
efk;
,e;jdk;
tpwF
cQ;R
ca;e;J
<uk;
md;G> fUiz
ck;gH
Njth
cio
gf;fk;
ciwAk;
thOk;
cjfk;
ePh;
ciug;ghh;
Gfo;Nthh;
cjpuk;
,uj;jk;
ctif
mfkyh;r;rp
cgfw;gk;
tpG+jp
cs;sk;
Cf;fk;
cuyb
cuyb
ahid
cufk;
ghk;G
cWfd;
Jd;gk;
cUJ
ghriw
cd;dpNdd;
eide;Njd;
cwo;T
gif
cWjp
ed;ik
clw;rp
Nfhgk;
cd;d
epidf;f
cjjp
fly;
ctif
kfpo;rp
cl;Fjy;
mQ;Rjy;
cis
tUe;Jk;
cghp
mjpfk;
Cfk;
ngz;Fuq;F
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 17 of 20.
17
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
ctzp
thd;
Cq;F
kpFjp
cOit
Gyp
Cjk;
ahidf; $l;lk;
cs;sp
ntq;fhak;
Cij
thilf;fhw;F
csp
fub
CU
njhil
cahp
caukhdJ
Cd;Wjy;
epiyngWjy;
cyz;L
Nfhw;GO
Cio
gpj;jk;
cop
,lk;
Cuhz;ik
cyfhSk; jd;ik
csk;
kdk;
Cd;
,iwr;rp cz;Zjy;
cd;dyh;
gifth;
Cdk;
Fw;wk;
cwo;T
gif
Cd;
jir
cj;juk;
kWnkhop
Cjpak;
gad;
cWkPd;
nghpakPd;
Ch;
nry;Yfpd;w
cuj;j
xyp kpFe;j
Ch;G
fpsh;e;J
clw;Wk;
tpUe;Jk;
Cl;Lk;
jUk;
cohmH
cOjiy nra;gth;
vl;rj;J
vz;nza;
cio
xUtif khd;
vl;lk;
ePsk;
cw
Nkk;gl
vopdp
,Ujpiu
cise;J
tUe;jp
vj;
vj;jdk;
Kaw;rp
clik
nry;tk;
vapy;
muz;
cLf;fd;
tpz;kPd;fs;
vWk;gp
ahid
vopyp
Nkfk;
Vlyh;
,jo;kyh;e;j
vy;
#hpad;
Vj;j
Jjpf;f
vopy;
moF
Vkk;
ghJfhty;
vz;;zy;
epidj;jy;
Vio
%ld;
vk;gp
jk;gp
Ie;jhh;
gid
vd;G
vWk;G
Itdk;
kiyney;
vz;zp
Muha;e;J
INtR
INtR
nrhj;J
vhp
neUg;G
Iatp
Jyhkuk;
ve;ij
je;ij
Iak;
re;Njfk;
va;j
mila> ngw
xfuk;
kapy;
vhpjoy;
jPg;ge;jk;
xUT
ePq;F
vy;yp
QhapW> #hpad;
xa;ay;
nrYj;Jjy;
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 18 of 20.
18
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
vr;rk;
vQ;rp epw;gJ
xWT
tUj;jk;
vUj;jk;
gplhp fOj;J
xffiy
,Lg;G
vU
cuk;
xz;ld;
ehp
Vf;if
,fo;r;rp
xw;W
nka;naOj;J
Vkyp
eha;
xy;fh
Fiwahf
VWk;
nry;Yk;
xz;zh
,ayhj
Vtyh;
gzpahsh;
xWj;jy;
jz;bj;jy;
Vd;
gd;wp
xw;fk;
jsh;r;rp
Vh;G
vOr;rp
xj;Jk;
GfOk;
Vid
epiy
xy;f
cau
Vfhh;
Nghfhh;
xL kPd;
XLfpd;w kPd;
Vioik
mwptpy;yhj
xg;G
cld;ghL
Vtk;
Fw;wk;
xr;Rk;
Xq;Fjy;
VW
Mz;rpq;fk;> fhis
xs;spatd;
rpwe;jtd;
Vj;Jk;
GfOk;
xoptW
Xa;tpd;wp
Vw;wq;nfhs;
kpfcah;e;j
xl;lhiu
giftiu
Vkuh
ghJfhg;G ,y;yhj
xLf;fk;
KbT
Vfpth
nrd;Wth
xd;ik
Gfo;
Vjk;
NfL> Fw;wk;
xhP,
ePf;fp
VFtPh;
nry;tPh;
Xk;gy;
cgrhpj;jy;
XUk;
Muha;e;J
ngWkpd;
Xuhy;
ePf;Fjy;
nrUf;fsk;
Nghh;f;fsk;
Xk;gp
ghJfhj;J
Ntjnewp
NtjfhyePjp
Xy;fhh;
kdk;jduhh;
cilik
nry;tk;
Xk;Gjy;
fhj;jy;
gb
epyk;
Xd;
typ
nghyk;
moF
XR
G+id
gy;ytk;
jsph;
Xiyg;G+
jhok;G+
glh;
Jah;
XT
rpj;jpuk;
epiu
Mtpdk;
Xjtdk;
fly;
vy;yp
QhapW
Xa;T
jsh;T
jz;
Fsph;
Xtpafhak;
Gyp
fsp
kfpo;r;rp
nghpahh; tha;r;nrhy;
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 19 of 20.
19
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
nrhy;
nghUj;jkhd nghUs;
XXjy;
XXjy;
jtph;j;jy;
fhh;
fUik
XNrhd;
thAgLf;if
kW
Fw;wk;
XAk;
xopAk;
tPW
ngUik
Xjy;
$Wjy;
cw;Wop
Jd;GWfhyk;
Xstpak;
nghwhik
cW
kpFjp
xsljk;
kUe;J
Nrhkd;
Nrhkd;
re;jpud;
Gay;
kio> Nkfk;
$yk;
gyjhdpak;
Giu
Fw;wk;
nghJk;gh;
Nrhiy
ey;FuT
tWik
Gak;
Njhs;
ryk;
tQ;rid
KdpT
rpdk;
tl;L
#jhLk; fUtp
my;
,uT
fhdk;
nghd;
njhil
khiy
tsp
fhw;W
eiw
Njd;
rhe;jk;
re;jdk;
gpb
ngz;ahid
jfT
ed;dlj;ij
kJfuk;
NjdP
tht
thtp
Fsk;
rPw;wk;
Nfhgk;
gil
mLf;F
khW
vjph;g;G
jhgdk;
gpujpl;il
newp
top
khL
nry;tk;
rhd;
hd;w
mike;j
mitf;fsk;
murit
mwpkpd;
mwnewp
nghWkpd;
fLQ;nrhy;
mQ;Rkpd;
$w;wk;
Download more TNPSC & TET Study materials visit www.tnpsctamil.in 20 of 20.
20