31

jD;a;hl fldaK

fuu
mdvu yeoEfuka Tng
jD;a;hl fldaK inkaO m%fh y`kd .ekSug yd tAjd Nd; lsug
yelsshdj ,efnkq we;'

31'1 jD;a; pdmhlska jD;a;fha flakah u; iy jD;a;fha mh u;

wdmd;kh flfrk fldaK

by; rEmfha ;o mdka oelafjk uyd pdmfha fofl<jr

jD;a;fha flakahg hd lsfuka iEfok fldaKh jk
mrdj;k fldaKh" AB uyd pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha flakah
u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh f,i yekaf'

O
B

igyk: uyd pdmh u.ska jD;a;hl flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh ieu
gu mrdj;k fldaKhls'

C

C hkq AB uyd pdmh u; kEu ,laIHhla hehs .ksuq'

AB iq pdmfha fofl<jr" uyd pdmh u; msys C ,CIHhg
hkq AB iq pdmh u.ska
,ef' tk" ACB
hd lsfuka ACB
jD;a;fha b;s fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKhls'

uyd pdmh
B

iq`M pdmh


by; jD;a;h u; msys A iy B ,CIH foflka jD;a;h fldgia follg fjkaf'
fuu fldgiaj,g pdm hehs lshkq ,ef' A yd B hd lrk fLdj jD;a;fha flakah
yryd .uka lrk g" tk jD;a;fha IalNhla jk g fuu pdm fol .ska
iudk f' tfia .uka fkdlrk g pdm fol .ska wiudk f' fug .ska wvq
pdmhg iq pdmh hehs o .ska je pdmhg uyd pdmh hehs o lshkq ,ef'

" AB uyd pdmh

f whqfrkau" my; rEmfha oelafjk ADB
u.ska jD;a;fha b;s fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKhla
f,i yekah yels h'

ksoiqk 1
C

O
O

by; rEmfha ;o mdka oelafjk iq pdmfha fofl<jr

jD;a;fha flakahg hd lsfuka iEfok iq`M fldaKh jk
, AB iq pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh
flfrk fldaKh f,i yekaf'

162 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

Q


we;s rEm igyfka oelafjk jD;a;fha flakah O f'
^a& PR iq pdmh u.ska

(i) jD;a;fha b;s fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh;a

(ii) jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh;a ,shd olajkak'
(b& PR uyd pdmh u.ska
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h' 163


^a& ^i& P

(i) jD;a;fha b;s fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh;a

(ii) jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh;a ,shd olajkak'

3' we;s rEmfha jD;a;fha flakah O f' PQ uyd pdmh u; X ,laIH msysgd we;'

^ii&

^b& ^i& PQR

^ii&
mrdj;k fldaKh

311 wNHdih
1' we;s rEm igyfka oelafjk jD;a; y;r Tf wNHdi fmdf;a msgm;a lr
.kak' O u.ska oelafjkafka tla tla jD;a;fha flakahhs'

o
A

o
B

o
B

c
d
a
b

my; oelafjk tla tla wjia:df wid we;s fldaKh ,l=Kq lrkak'
^i& a rEmfha iq pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk
fldaKhla
^ii& b rEmfha iq pdmh u.ska flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
^iii& c rEmfha uyd pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk
fldaKhla
^iv& d rEmfha uyd pdmh u.ska flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
2' rEmigyk wkqj"
A
^i& AB iq pdmh u.ska
^a& jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk
O
X
fldaKhla
Y
^b& jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
B
,shkak'

^ii& AB uyd pdmh u.ska

^a& jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKhla
^b& jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
,shkak'
164 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

^i& PQ iq pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u;

wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh ,shkak'
^ii& PQ iq pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh
flfrk fldaKh ,shkak'
^iii& PQ iq pdmh u; kEu ,CIHhla ,l=Kq lr th Y f,i
k lrkak' PYQ fldaKh y`kajkak'
^iv& PQ uyd pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh
flfrk fldaKh ,shkak'
>

4' we;s rEmfha oelafjk jD;a;fha flakah O f'

^i& AC iq pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk
fldaKhla k lrkak'

^ii& AC iq pdmh flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
,shkak'
^iii& AC uyd pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u;
wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKhla ,shkak'
^iv& AC uyd pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh A
flfrk fldaKh ,shkak'
5' we;s rEmfha oelafjk jD;a;fha flakah O f'
C
^i) AB iq pdmh u.ska
^a& jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk
fldaKh
^b& jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
A

,shkak'
^ii& BC iq`M pdmh u.ska
^a& jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
^b& jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
,shkak'

D
O
C
B

O
B

31.2 pdmhlska flakah yd jD;a;h u; wdmd;kh lrk fldaK

w;r inkaOh
jD;a; pdmhlska flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh iy tu pdmh u.ska
jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh w;r inkaOh ms<sn|
j wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSu i|yd my; l%shdldrlfuys fhfouq'
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

165

l%shdldrlu
IQ lvodishl jD;a;hla we`o tys flakah O f,i k lrkak' iq pdmhla yd
uyd pdmhla ,efnk m jD;a;h u; ,CIH folla ,l=Kq lrkak' tu ,CIH A
yd B f,i k lrkak'

by; oelajq m%fhh Nd;fhka .Kkh ls lrk whqre my; oelafjk ksoiqka
u.ska uid n,uq'
= 20x k
flakah O jk jD;a;hla u; A" B iy C f,i ,laIH msysgd we;' OAB
w.h fidhuq'
ACB

uyd pdmh u; ,CIHhla ,l=K lr th X f,i k lrkak'

O

o
A
B

AB iq pdmfhka flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh y`kd .kak' th AOB

f' my; rEm igyfka oelafjk m AOB flakasl LKavh lmd fjkalr .kak'
X

20x

OA = OB ^tlu jD;a;fha wrh iudk f'&
OAB ;%sfldaKh iuoamdo ;%sfldaKhla f'
iuoamdo ;%sfldaKhl iudk mdoj,g iuqL fldaK iudk ksid

O
O
A,B

A
B

B
C

y wvla ,nd .ekSu i`oyd fjka lr.;a AOB flakasl LKavfha OA u;

AOB
OB imd; jk fia folg kjkak'
kjk ,o flakasl LKAvh
fldaKh u; ;nd ksCIKh lrkak'
tk" AB iq`M pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
tu pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh lrk
jk AOB
fuka fo.=Khla njg ;yjqre jkakg we;' by; wdldrhgu fjkia wrj,ska hq;a
jD;a;j, fjkia .ska hq;a pdm fldgia ,l=Kq lr" by; ls%hdldrlu kej; lrkak'
by; l%shdldrlj, jD;a;hl pdmhlska flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk
fldaKh tu pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk
fldaKh fuka fo.=Khla nj ksCIKh lsug yelsjkq we;'
tu m%;sM,h cHd;sl m%fhhla f,i my; oelaf'
m%fhh
jD;a; pdmhla u.ska jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk
fldaKh" tu pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s fldgi u; wdmd;kh
flfrk fldaKh fuka fo.=Khla f'
166 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

f' tu pdmh
AB iq`M pdmh u.ska flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh

u.ska jD;a;fha b;s pdmh u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh ACB ksid' m%fhh
wkqj

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

167

ksoiqk 1

312 wNHdih

rEm igyfka oelafjk jD;a;fha flakah O f' we;s f;dr;=re weiqka PQR

fidhkak'
P

1' my; oelafjk tla tla jD;a;fhys flakah O u.ska oelaf' we;s o;a; wkqj
x ys w.h fidhkak'
(ii)

(i)

50

(iii)

x
O

15x
R

30x

50x

100x

^jD;a;hl pdmhlska flakah u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh
tu pdmfhka jD;a;fha b;s pdm fldgi u; wdmd;kh flfrk fldaKh fuka
fo.=Khla f'&

(vi)

(v)

(iv)

O
50x

70x

80x

2' my; oelafjk tla tla jD;a;fha flakah O u.ska oelaf' we;s o;a; wkqj"
fya;= olajka y ys w.h fidhkak'
A
Q
(i)
^ii&
^iii&
y
o

100x

^iv& A

O
y
20x

^v&

C
70,

60

^vi&
o

P
110x

168 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

30x

S
50

x
30x 110

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

169

^vii&

^ix& A

^viii&

70

o
y

130x

ksoiqk 2

O flakah jQ jD;a;h u; A, B iy C ,laIH msysgd we;'

AC = AB nj fmkajkak'

R
50x

31'3 jD;a;hl pdmhlska flaka h u; wdmd;kh lrk fldaKh tu pdmfha b;s fldgi
u; wdmd;kh lrk fldaKh fuka fo.=Khla fZZ hk m%fhfha u;a idOkh
X

O
A

idOkh:

2
B

X


o;a;h: O flakah jQ jD;a;h u; A"B iy C ,laIH msysgd we;'
idOkh l< hq;a;:
nj
ksudKh: CO fLdj X olajd la lsu
idOkh:
^tlu jD;a;fha wr&
1
^iuoamdo ;%sfldaKhl iudk
mdoj,g iuqL fldaK iudk ksid&
2 ^;%sfldaKhl mdohla la lsfuka

OAC + OCA XOA

iEfok ndysr fldaKh wNHka;r

iuqL fldaK fofla tl;=jg iudk ksid&

2
2

313 wNHdih
C

1' O flakah jq jD;a;hla u; A, B iy C ,laIH msysgd we;'
k
30 nj fmkajkak'

o
B

A
S

by; idOkh l< m%fhh Nd;fhka fjk;a idOkh lsf .eg ^wkqfhh&
idOkh lrk wdldrh oeka uid n,uq'
170 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

2' P, Q, R iy S ,CIH jD;a;hla u; msysgd we;'

nj idOkh lrkak'

P
Q
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

171

3' O flakah jq jD;a;hla u; A, B" C iy D ,laIH msysgd we;'

k
nj fmkajkak'

wfkla fmfoi cHdfhka iy iq`M jD;a; pdmfhka jg jq iq`M jD;a; LKavh hs'

X
C

jD;a; LKavfha fldaKh

4' P, Q iy R ,CIH O flakah jQ jD;a;fha mh u; msysgd

we;'
k
nj fmkajkak'
^O yd Q hd lrkak'&

O
P

Q
P

5' O flakah jq jD;a;h u; A" B" iy C ,laIH msysgd we;'
) nj fmkajkak'
2(
A

rEmfha oelafjk
fldaK jD;a;fha iq`M
jD;a; LKavhg wh;a tlu LKAvfha fldaK f'

31'4 jD;a;hl tlu LKavfha fldaK w;r inkaOh

B
X

uyd jD;a;
LKavh

iq`M jD;a;
LKavh

jD;a;hla iy tu jD;a;hg w`osk ,o AB cHdh rEm igyfka oelaf' tu cHdh

u.ska jD;a;h fmfoia follg fjka f' tla fmfoila jkafka cHdfhka iy uyd
jD;a; pdmfhka jg jq uyd jD;a; LKavh hs'
172 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

jD;a;fha uyd jD;a; LKavhg wh;a

jD;a; LKavfha fldaK f' ta ksid
j,g tlu LKavfha fldaK hehs lshkq ,ef'

AB cHdfha fofl<jr jD;a;

LKavfha pdm fldgi u; msys
,CIHhlg hd lsfuka iEfok
fldaKh jD;a; LKAvfha fldaKh
f,i ye`kaf' rEmigykg wkqj
AXB jD;a; LKavfha fldaKh
f'

my; oelafjk l%shdldrlu u.ska jD;a;fha tlu LKAvfha fldaK w;r inkaOh
y`kd .ksuq'

l%shdldrlu 1
lvodishl jD;a;hla w`uq' jD;a;h u; X iy Y k ,laIH folla ,l=Kq lr XY
cHdh w`kak'
XY uyd jD;a; LKAvfha pdmh u; P, Q, R iy S ,CIHh ,l=Kq lrkak'
tu ,CIH XY cHdfha fofl<jrg hd lrkak' tg uyd jD;a; LKAvhg wh;a,
hk tlu LKavfha fldaK ,ef'
iy
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

173

Q
P

by; oelajq m%fh .Kkh ls i|yd fhdod.kakd wdldrh uid n,uq'
rEmfha we;s f;dr;=re Wmfhda.S lrf.k
fidhkak'

w`k ,o tlu LKAvfha fldaK fldaKudkhl wdOdrfhka ukskak' tla
tla fldaKfha Yd,;ajh mCId lrkak'
by; wdldrhgu jD;a;fha iq`M jD;a; LKAvhg wh;a jD;a; LKAvfha fldaK
lsysmhla we`o tu fldaK uek ,efnk w.hka mCId lrkak'
fuu l%shdldrlj, fhfuka tlu LKAvfha fldaK iudk nj y`kd.kakg we;'
th m%fhla f,i my; oelaf'

m%fhh ( jD;a;hl tlu LKavfha fldaK iudk f'

tfia y`kd.;a m%fhh cHd;sl idOkhla u.ska ;yjqre lr .ksuq'

by; oelafjk rEmfha PQ = QR =PR iy
f'
w.h fidhuq'

PQ = QR = PR ksid

PQR ;%sfldaKh iumdo ;%sfldaKhls'

iumdo ;%sfldaKhl wNHka;r fldaKhl w.h 600 ksid'
Q

30x

^tlu jD;a; LKavfha fldaK iudk ksid&

;%sfldaKhl wNHka;r fldaKj, tl;=j 1800 ksid

( 30 + 60 )
X

o;a;h: O flakah jq jD;a;fha XY cHdfha tlu me;af;a jD;a;h u; A"
B iy C ,CIH msysgd we;'
idOkh l< hq;a;:

ksudKh: OX iy OY hd lsu'
idOkh: jD;a;hl cHdhlska jD;a;fha flakah u; wdmd;kh lrk
fldaKh mh u; wdmd;kh lrk fldaKh fuka fo.=Khla
f'
174 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

ksoiqk 1
rEmfha we;s f;dr;=re fhdodf.k
B

C fidhkak'

C
100x

X
D

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

175

XB = XA ksid XAB ;%sfldaKh iuoamdo ;%sfldaKhls'

31'5 tlu jD;a; LKavfha fldaK iudk f' m%fh Nd; lrka
wkqfh idOkh

'

' '

^iuoamdo ;%sfldaKhl iudk mdoj,g iuqL fldaK iudk f'&

ABX ;%sfldaKfha
^;%sfldaKhl fldaK 3 tl;=j 1800 ksid&

ksoiqk 1
rEmfha we;s f;dr;=re weiqfrka AC = BD nj fmkajkak'

)
A

40

>
X
D

40

>

DC

31'4 wNHdih
1' my; oelafjk wNHdij, x ys w.h fidhkak'
A

1'

2'

x
x
D

40x

30x

60x

50x

3'

AB = AC

<

70

P
x

70x
Q

31'5 wNHdih

7'

8'
x
B

120 x E


P

D
x

110x
B

6'

176 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

9'

D
50x

Bx
C

30x

70x

nj fmkajkak' 2' PX = QX k PQ$$SR nj fmkajkak'

1' AB$$CD k
D

x
B

>

>

5'

<

4'

x
C

R
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

177

3' AD // BC k" AX = DX nj fmkajkak' 4'

nj fmkajkak'

31'6 wO jD;a;fha fldaK

jD;a;fhka y wvla jq jD;a; pdmh wO jD;a;hla f,i ye`kaf'

>

wO jD;a;fha fldaKh

wO jD;a;h
X

flakah

>

5'

jD;a;fha flakah yryd fLdjla wefuka jD;a;h wO jD;a; follg fjkaf'

wO jD;a;h u; ,laIHhla wO jD;a;fha fofl,jrg hd lsfuka iEfok
fldaKhg wO jD;a;fha fldaKh hehs lshkq ,ef'

6'

fmkajkak'

B
A

X
P

7' XB = XC k AC = BD
nj fmkajkak'

lvodishla u; ljlgqj Nd;d lrka jD;a;hla we`oskak'

tu jD;a;fha flakah yryd ir, fLdjla w`kak' tg
jD;a;h" wO jD;a; follg fjka f'


tla wO jD;a;hla u; ,laIHhla ,l=Kq lrkak' tu
,CIHh wO jD;a;fha fofl,jrg hd lrkak' tg
jD;a; pdmh u; wO jD;a;fha fldaKhla ,ef'

8' XS = XR k" XP = XQ
nj fmkajkak'

fldaKudkh Nd;fhka wO jD;a;fha fldaKh ukskak'

X
C

178 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

wO jD;a;fha fldaKj, ,laIK y`kd .ekSu i`oyd my; oelafjk l%shdldrlfuys

fhfokak'
ls%hdldrlu 1

wO jD;a;fha fldaKh 90x nj Tng fmfkkq we;' fuf,iu ;j;a jD;a; lsysmhla
we| tAjdfha wO jD;a;fha fldaK we| w.h ukskak' by; i`oyka l%shdldrlfuys
wO jD;a;fha fldaKh yeu gu iDcqfldaKhla jk nj Tng ksCIKh lsug
yelsjkq we;'

by; oelafjk inkaOh cHd;sl idOkhla u.ska ;yjqre lr .ksuq'

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

179

'

m%fhh: wO jD;a;fha fldaKh iDcqfldaKhla f'

tlu jD;a;fha wr neka

DO = OB
;%sfldaKhl iudk mdoj,g iuqL fldaK iudk ksid

ksoiqk 1

R
>

20x

>

my; oelafjk ksoiqka u.ska by; m%fhh weiqfrka .Kkh ls lrk wdldrh
y`kd .ksuq'

we;s jD;a;fha PQ hkq IalNhls' QPR = 20x k yd

PS = QR k RPS w.h fidhkak'
>

o;a;h : O flakah jq jD;a;fha AB YalNhla jk w;r X yd Y hkq

rEmfha olajd we;s mrsos jD;a;h u; msys ,laIH f'
idOkh l< hq;a;:
iDcqfldaKhla nj'
hkq AYB pdmh u.ska flakah u; wdmd;kh lrk fldaKh
idOkh:
f'

AYB wO jD;a;hla ksid AOB IalNhla f'
= iDcqfldaK 2

AYB pdmh u.ska jD;a;fha b;s fldgi u; wdmd;kh lrk fldaKh
f'
jD;a; pdmhla u.ska flakah u; wdmd;kh lrk fldaKh" tu pdmfhka jD;a;fha
b;s fldgi u; wdmd;kh lrk fldaKh fuka fo.=Khla jk ksid"

iy ksid
2
} iDcqfldaK 2

iDcqfldaK 1
by; idOkh u.ska ;yjqre l< inkaOh m%fhla f,i my; oelaf'

rEm igyfka O flakah jk jD;a;fha olajd we;s o;a; weiqfrka ACD w.h
fidhuq'
D

50x
A

20
o

90

180 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

181

C
D

(iv)
(v)

A

O
50x
A

110x

B
B

31'7 wO jD;a;fha fldaKh iDcqfldaKhla f hk m%fhh

Nd;fhka wkqfhka idOkh lsu
ksoiqk 1
PQ" PQRS jD;a;fha IalNhls' RS" X olajd .= lr we;'
idOkh lrkak'
S
R
X
316 wNHdih

1' my; oelafjk tla tla jD;a;fha flakah O j,ska oelaf' we;s o;a; wkqj
x ys w.h fidhkak'

nj

idOkh(-
C

(i)
A

30x

(ii)
x

(iii)
O

x
A

60x x

182 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

183

ksoiqk 2

2' rEmfha oelafjk PQRS jD;a;fha IalNh PR f' PQ = RS

k PQRS iDcqfldaKdi%hla nj fmkajkak'

P

nj fmkajkak'
we;s rEmfha jD;a; foflys flaka X iy Y f'
idOkh ( AC, X yryd hk neka AC" X flakah jq jD;a;fha IalNhls'

3' PQ hkq PQR jD;a;fha IalNhls' PQ = QX iy

P
x
PR =QR= RX'
nj fmkajkak'
Q

<
D

<

4' AC hkq ABCD jD;a;fha IalNhls' BC$$AD f'

ABCD iDcqfldaKdi%hla nj fmkajkak'

317 wNHdih
R

1' rEmfha oelafjk ABCD jD;a;fha IalNh AC f'

nj fmkajkak'
A

5' Yd, jD;a;fha IalNh PSQ o" l=vd jD;a;fha

IalNh SQ f' RQ" X ,CIHfha l=vd jD;a;h
lefma'
nj fmkajkak'

X
P

184 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

185

>

3' we;s ABCD jD;a;fha flakah O f' BC//OD o

o f'
fldaKfha w.h fidhkak'

>

6' PR hkq we; jD;a;fha IAlNhls'

nj fmkajkak'

7' jD;a; fol P yd Q ,CIHj, fokh f' jD;a;

fofla IAlN PX iy PY f' XQY ir, fLdjla
nj fmkajkak'

4' ABC jD;a;fha flakah O f' BC = CX jk fia AC"

X olajd .= lr we;'
nj fmkajkak'

Y% wNHdih

we;s o;a; rEmigykaj, ,l=Kq lr we;s .eg i`okak'

1'
ABC
jD;a;fha
flakah
O f'
w.h
fidhkak'

5' ABCD ,CIH jD;a;h u; msysgd we;' AD = BC f'

DB = CA nj fmkajkak'

B
C

D
A

2' ABCD jD;a;fha IAlNh BD f'

BC = CD iy
w.h fidhkak'

B

186 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

6' PQ hkq O flakah jq jD;a;fha IalNhls' QR//OS f'

SR = SP nj fmkajkak'
P

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

187