Digital Wireless Communication

System: some fundamentals

Cheng Li
School of Computer Engineering
Oct. 7, 2011

Digital Wireless Communication System

Block Diagram

Digital Wireless Communication System

Source Coding & Decoding
Information source can be many different
things(E.g. speech, picture, video,
text.), but we just got 0 and 1 in
digital system.
Purpose:
to represent the source data uniquely
with 0 &1 sequence (E.g. a- 0001110,e0110110)
to represent the data source with
smallest number of bits while keep the

Digital Wireless Communication System

Channel Coding & Decoding
introducing redundancy to the stream of bits
to enable error detection or even
correction
Example:

Block Codes, Convolutional Codes, Turbo Codes

Digital Wireless Communication System

Modulation & Demodulation
A process by which some characteristic of
a carrier wave is varied according to
information bearing signal
Benefits:
- Shifts the spectral content
to higher carrier frequency
size
- Shifts the spectral content
to higher carrier frequency
size)
- Allows multiple access

of a message signal
(smaller antenna
of a message signal
(smaller antenna

Digital Wireless Communication System

Modulation & Demodulation
Whats the relation between antenna size
and transmit power?
Antenna can radiate sufficient
power to the space only if its size is
comparable to half of the wavelength
e.g.: 10Mhz 15m
2.4Ghz- 6.25cm
In practice, antenna size is usually /2 or
/4

Digital Wireless Communication System

Modulation & Demodulation
How is it done?

Digital Wireless Communication System

Modulation & Demodulation
How is modulation done in circuit level?
(QAM)
Vmax=3.3V,Vmin=0V
*3.3V/0xFFF
VR=
=0.29V
1001

cos(2 fc t)

1001
cos(2 fc t)*
-sin(2 fc
A=12.5%*Amax
t)*
= cos(2 fc t+ )
=/4

-sin(2 fc t)

12
MAX=0xFFF=4095
1001-A=0.125*MAX=0x1FF=511
1001-=/4,cos =sin =0.7071
A*cos =0x169=361
A*sin =0x169=361

*3.3V/0xFFF=0.29V

Digital Wireless Communication System

Modulation & Demodulation
cos(2 fc t+ )*-sin(2 fc t)
,
=(- sin(2 2fcdone
t+ )+sin())*A/2
How is demodulation
in circuit
level?
can be acieved
by AGC loop
cos(2 fc t+ )
In

sin()*A/2

A*sin()

Amplifier

ADR=A*sin()*0xFFF/3.3V
ADI=A*sin()*0xFFF/3.3V
Calculate A &
Get data from constellation map

-sin(2 fc t)
cos(2 fc t)
cos()*A/2

A*cos()

cos(2 fc t+ )*cos(2 fc t)
=(cos(2 2fc t+ )+cos())*A/2

1001

Digital Wireless Communication System

Modulation & Demodulation
All kinds of modulation can be done by
this way
Want to know
some other
modulation
ways? Books
will tell you
everything

ASK: VR=
FSK: VR=
PSK: VR=
QAM: VR=

2 f t

cos(2 fc t)
-sin(2 fc t)

ASK:
FSK:
PSK:
QAM:

cos(2 fc t)
cos(2 fc t+2 f t)
cos(2 fc t+ )
cos(2 fc t+ )

ASK: VI=
FSK:VI=
PSK:VI=
QAM:VI=

2 f t

Digital Wireless Communication System

Some more information DSSS in 821.15.4

Digital Wireless Communication System

Some more information LQI in 802.15.4

RSQ-Received bit sequence

SSQ= select bit sequence
according to the received
bit sequence

Digital Wireless Communication System

Some more information OFDM in Wifi