HTML 4 01

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
4.01
, 2006

1. HTML .......................................................................................... 3
2. SGML, HTML, XHTML XML................................................................ 4
3. HTML ........................................................................................ 7
4. HTML ...................................................................... 9
5. HTML ....................................................... 11
5.1 ................................................................................ 12
5.2 ............................................................................. 12
6. ............................................................................. 14
7. HTML .................................................................................... 17
7.1 ............................................................................. 18
7.2 ............................................................................... 19
8. ...................................................................................................... 20
9. ........................................................................................................... 21
10. ........................................................................................................ 24
11. ........................................................................................................ 28
12. HTML................................ 30
1. HTML
e
.

, (
). ,
HTML, HyperText Markup Language
, .
HTML Web .
(browser)
,
. ,
. HTML
, HTML ,
.

.
, , ,
. ,
. ,
HTML,
,
HTML , HTML . ,
WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get)

, HTML
.

HTML.
,
. HTML.
2. SGML, HTML, XHTML XML

SGML (
: Structured Generalized Markup Language)
. SGML
.
HTML SGML 1991
. HTML
W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), ,
, HTML.
, ,
.

SGML, 1996, XML W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)
, , XML
(Extensible Markup Language),
. XML SGML .
XML SGML,
XML ,
, ,
.
, ,
,
SGML HTML.
HTML XML SGML. SGML
,
. . ,
XML, SGML
, . SGML :
( SGML
, ,
, , )
Document Type Definition (DTD). DTD XML,

DTD.
HTML
, ,
. XML
. XML

. HTML
, HTML .
, XML
,
, .
HTML 4.01
XML.
, XHTML,
1.1. XML, HTML, HTML 4.01.
HTML. XML
:
, . <p>, </p> <li>, </li>;
</br>, </hr>;
. <img source=slika.jpg alt=Slika na prirodata/>.

5
HTML
. ,

, .

. , HTML ,
CSS (Cascading Style
Sheet).CSS e HTML XHTML,
HTML
.
HTML 4.01 XHTML 1.1 : Strict,
Transitional Frameset.
Strict
. ,
CSS. HTML XHTML
, , ..
. CSS.
Transitional
,
,
. ,
: bgcolor, text link body.
Frameset .
,
.
3. HTML
HTML,
() 3.0,
()

.
, ,
.
HTML
(ASCII) . HTML

. ,
.
,
( ).
HTML
:
1. .
, , ,
. ,
, ,
.
2. .
,
, <B>, </B> <I>, </I>
3. .

HTML.
<html>, </html>

HTML.

.
<head>, </head>
,
<TITLE> </TITLE>.
<title>, </title>
,
, .
<body>, </body>
</TITLE> </HEAD>,
,
<BODY> </BODY>.
<BODY> </HEAD>,
</TITLE>.
<h1>, </h1>
()
, <H1> </H1>.
;
: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 6.

HTML .
<H1>.
<h2>, </h2>
<h3>, </h3>
<h4>, </h4>
<h5>, </h5>
<h6>, </h6>
<b>, </b>
<i>, </i>
<p>, </p>
,
, ,
.
(<A> </A>), <P>
.
.
<hr>
<a>, </a>
(),

- .
,
,
.
<br>, </br>
4. HTML
HTML .
.
HTML .
- , <b>
</b> .

-
.
HTML ,
HTML
: <a href=informatika.htm> </a>
a, /a href .
( UNIX Linux,
UNIX Linux ).
,
, ,
.
-
, , UNIX, ,
.
,
.
HTML
.
HTML
, Enter, .
. UNIX Linux ,

.
<p> , .
, <h1>.
HTML .
HTML
, HTML
. ,
, <h1> </h1>
.
.
, Netscape Navigator,
.
.
10
5. HTML
HTML ,
. HTML

.html ( .htm).
,
HTML .
,
HTML , :
1. .
2. .
3. ,
.
4. . test.html.
5. .
6. Internet Explorer.
.htm .html,
HTML .
HTML .
<html>
<head>
<title> </title>
</head>
<body>
html .
</body>
</html>
11
5.1
<head>.
.

.
HTML . <title>
.
,
.
,
. :
<title> HTML </title>
<title>
, </title> .
.
64
.
,
.
base
(
)
link
meta
5.2
,
.
<body> </body>. ,
.
12
<body>,
RGB .
bgcolor
text
link

()
vlink

()
alink
= "#000000"
= "#008000"
= "#C0C0C0"
= "#00FF00"
= "#808080"
= "#808000"
= "#FFFFFF"
= "#FFFF00"
= "#800000"
= "#000080"
= "#FF0000"
= "#0000FF"
= "#800080"
= "#008080"
= "#FF00FF"
= "#00FFFF
:
, , ,
.
<body bgcolor="&ffff00" text="&ffffff" link="&000080" vlink="&ffff00">
HTML .
<body>, background
. ,
slika2.gif.
<body background="slika2.gif">
13
6.
HTML .

. HTML
,
.
(headings)
.
<br>.
.
<p> </p>.
,
.
,
.
, ,
1 . HTML ,
,
,

HTML .
14
.

,
.

.
.

.
,
.
<abbr>
<ins>
<acronym>
<kbd>
<cite>
<q>
<code>
<samp>
<del>
<span>
<div>
<strong>
<em>
<var>

. ,
15
.
,
:
<b>
<big>
<blink>
(
Nescape Navigator)
<font>
<i>
()
<s>
<small>
<strike>
<sub>
<sup>
<tt>
<u>
<font>.
, :
<font face="ime na fontot" color="bojata na fontot" size="goleminata na font">

.
a size 1 7.
3. <basefont>.

.
<basefont>,
, . <basefont>

.
16
7. HTML

(, , , , )
().
, HTML .
: ,

.

: JPEG, GIF PNG.
. ,
.
JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group.

.
, ,
. .jpg. JPG

, . ,

.
GIF Graphic Interchange Format,
. JPEG
256 , .
,
. GIF ( .gif)
JPEG . GIF ,
,
GIF89a . GIF

.
17
PNG, Portable Network Graphics,
. GIF
. PNG 8- 24. ,
PNG ,
(
).

:

(alpha
transparency)
, GIF
, ;
(gamma correction),
, ;
(lossless).

. , , Internet Explorer
.
.
7.1
,
HTML , <hr>.
:
size
width
align
noshade
3-
18
7.2
,
(, ),
. HTML
<img>. HTML
, , "slika1.jpg",
:
<img src="slika1.jpg" width="200" height="150">
: .
, src
.
src, alt,
.
<img src="slika1.jpg" width="200" height="150"alt=" ">
, . HTML
, : maturska.html.
<img src="slika1.jpg" width="200" height="150"alt=" "
longdesc="maturska.html">
, Yahoo,
(), <img> <a> </a>:
<a href=yahoo.com><img=yahoo.gif>Yahoo </a>
src
alt
border
0,

width
height
align
bottom (
: top middle
19
8.

,
.
<a>.
href,
. , ,
"sofija.html", :
<a href="sofija.html"> </a>.
<a> </a> () .
.

( URL (
) ). ,
, :
<a href="http://www.ii.edu.mk"> </a>.
. ,

, :
<a href="/"><img src="logoto.gif" alt=" "></a>
20
9.
,
.
.
HTML :
( . bulletted list
unordered list),
( . numbered list ordered list).
. (bullet),
, .
type,
: disc, circle square. ,
disc.
, type <ul> (
) <li> ( )
<ul> ( ) <li> (
):
<ul>
<li> </li>
<li> </li>
<li> </li>
</ul>
</ul>.
.
.
type,
: 1 ( 2,3,...), A (B, C,
...), a (b,c,...), I (II, III, ...) i (ii, iii, ...),
, ,
21
, . type,
, .
<ol> <li>:
<ol>
<li> </li>
<li> </li>
<li> </li>
</ol>
</ol>.
,
.
start <ol>,
.
, .
() .
<dl> </dl>.
<dt>, <dd>:
<dl>
<dt> </dt>
<dd> </dd>
<dt> </dt>
<dd> </dd>
<dt> </dt>
<dd> </dd>
</dl>
.
:
<ol>
<li> </li>
<li>

<ul>
<li> </li>
22
<li> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li> </li>
</ol>
.
,

.

.
23
10.
, HTML,
,

( , ,
, .).

.
,
.
.
<table border="1">
<tr><th></th><th>. </th></tr>
<tr><td>2004</td><td>157</td></tr>
<tr><td>2005</td><td>243</td></tr>
<tr><td>2006</td><td>187</td></tr>
</table>
.
2004
157
2005
243
2006
187
, <table>
,
. border
. tr
, th td
, .
<th></th> <td>,
( ).
,
: , ,
(),
.
, <tr>,
:
.
, <td>,
:
, , o
,
.
24
,
.
<table>
border
<table>
cellspacing
<table>
cellpadding
<table>,
<tr>, <td>,
<th>
align
<table>,
<tr>, <td>,
<th>
<table>
valign
<table>
height
<table>,
<tr>, <td>
<th>
td
td
bgcolor
width
rowspan
colspan

.

, . .

( left,
right center),
.

,
.

( )

( )
, ,
, .

.
1.
<table border="1", cellpadding="8" width="60%">
<tr><td>2004</td><td>157</td></tr>
<tr><td>2005</td><td>243</td></tr>
<tr><td>2006</td><td>187</td></tr>
</table>
2004
157
2005
243
2006
187
25
2.
<table border="1", cellpadding="8" width="60%">
<tr align="center"><td>2004</td><td>157</td></tr>
</table>
2004
157
2005
243
2006
187
3.
<table border="1" cellpadding="10" width="80%">
<tr align="center"><th rowspan="2"></th><th colspan="3">2006</th></tr>
<tr align="center"><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</table>
2006
4.
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="10">
<tr><td>2004</td><td>157</td></tr>
<table CELLSPACING=0 border=3 bordercolor="#0030ff">
2004
157
2005
243
2006
187
5.
<tr>
<td width="90" bgcolor="#00ffff" rowspan="3" valign="top">
<center>1x1 111 </center>
26
<td height="35" width="300" bgcolor="white" colspan="2" valign="top">

<center>2x1 222 </center> </td>
<td width="90" bgcolor="#00ffff" rowspan="3" valign="top">
<center>3x1 333 </center> </td>
<tr>
<td height="35" width="150" bgcolor="#00ff96" valign="bottom">
<center>2x2x1 </center> </td>
<td width="150" bgcolor="#00b0ad" valign="bottom">
<tr>
<td height="35" width="50" bgcolor="#00ff96" valign="bottom">
<td width="50" bgcolor="#00b0ad" valign="bottom">
</table>
1x1 111
2x1 222
2x2x1 2x2x2
3x1 333
2x3x1 2x3x2
6.
<table>
<tr>
<td height="35" bgcolor="#00ff96" colspan="2"> <center>1x1</center> </td>
<td width="50" bgcolor="#00ffff"> <center>1x2</center> </td>
</tr> <tr>
<td height="35" width="50" bgcolor="#00ff96"> <center>2x1</center> </td>
<td width="50" bgcolor="#00ff96"> <center>2x2</center> </td>
<td width="50" bgcolor="#00ffff"> <center>2x3</center> </td>
</tr>
</table>
1x1
2x1
1x2
2x2
2x3
27
11.

.

CGI (Common Gateway Interface). ,
CGI ,
(C/C++, Delphi, Visual
Basic, Java, )
(Perl, Tcl, Python, AppleScript).
.
<form>...</form>
<form>
action
<form>
method
input
type
text
size
text
maxlenght
text
value
/
URL
(
: get post)
: ,
, ,
,

28
29
12. HTML
30

HTML 4 01

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HTML 4 01

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Copyright:

Available Formats

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

2. SGML, HTML, XHTML XML

Document Type Definition (DTD). DTD XML,

, . <p>, </p> <li>, </li>;

. <img source=slika.jpg alt=Slika na prirodata/>.

Joint Photographic Experts Group.

GIF Graphic Interchange Format,

PNG, Portable Network Graphics,

( . numbered list ordered list).

<td height="35" width="300" bgcolor="white" colspan="2" valign="top">

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