CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

PAPER 1
1.

Given that y = 15 x(6 x ) , calculate

(a)
the value of x when y is maximum,
(b)
the maximum value of y.

[3 marks]

2.

Given that y = 4 x + x 2 , use differentiation to find the small change in y when x increases
from 5 to 5.01.
[3 marks]

3.

Differentiate 2 x 2 (3 x 5) 4 with respect to x.

4.

5.

6.

[3 marks]

5
Two variables, x and y are related by the equation y = 4 x . Given that y increases at a
x
constant rate of 3 units per second, find the rate of change of x when x = 5.
[3 marks]
Given that g ( x ) =

1
, evaluate g(1).
( 2 x 4) 2

[4 marks]

2 3
h + 6h , where h is the height in
3
cm, of the water in the container. Water is poured into the container at the rate of 5 cm3 s1.
Find the rate of change of the height of water, in cm s1, at the instant when its height is 3 cm.
[3 marks]
The volume of water, V cm3, in a container is given by V =

7.

The point R lies on the curve y = ( x 3) 2 . It is given that the gradient of the normal at R is
1
[3 marks]
. Find the coordinates of R.
6

8.

It is given that y =

9.

Given that y = 2 x 2 + 3 x 4,
dy
(a)
find the value of
when x = 3,
dx
(b)
express the approximate change in y, in terms of m, when x changes from
1 to 1 + m, where m is a small value.
[4 marks]

10.

The curve y = f(x) is such that

11.

The curve y = x2 28x + 52 has a minimum point at x = k, where k is a constant. Find the
value of k.
[3 marks]

4 3
dy
in terms of x.
u , where u = 5 x 2. Find
5
dx

[3 marks]

dy
= 5 px + 2 , where p is a constant. The gradient of the curve
dx
at x = 2 is 10. Find the value of p.
[2 marks]

49

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

ANSWERS PAPER 1
Marks
1.

a)

b)

2.

3.

y = 15x (6 x)
= 90x 15x2
dy
= 90 30 x
dx
dy
= 0, 90 30 x = 0
dx
30x = 90
x=3 #
y = 15(3)(6 3)
= 135 #
y
=
4x + x2
dy
=
4 + 2x
dx
dy
x = 5,
=
4 + 2(5)
dx
=
14
dy
x
=
y
dx
=
14 0.01
=
0.14 #
2 x 2 (3x 5) 4
Let y =
dy
=
2 x 2 [4(3 x 5) 3 (3)] + (3 x 5) 4 (4 x)
dx
=
24 x 2 (3 x 5) 3 + 4 x(3x 5) 4

4.

dy
dx
dy
dt

1
1

1
1

4 x(3 x 5) 3 [6 x + (3x 5)]

4 x(3 x 5) 3 (9 x 5) #
5
4 x = 4 x 5 x 1
x
5
4+ 2
x
dy dx

dx dt
5 dx
(4+ 2 )
x dt
5 dx
(4+ 2 )
5 dt
1 dx
4
5 dt
5
unit per second #
7

=
=

dx
dt

1
50

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

5.

g(x) =
g (x) =
=

12(2 x 4) (2)
24(2 x 4) 4

g(1) =

24(2) 4
24
16
3
#
2
2 3
h + 6h
3

=
V
dV
dt
dV
dt

=
=

2 h 2 +6

dV
dh

dh
dt

( 2 h 2 +6 )

dh
dt

7.

y
dy
dx

dy
dx
9.

a)

dh
dt

2(x 3)

2(x 3)
x

8.

Given gradient of normal =

1
6
6
6
(6 3) 2
9

=
=
=
=
R (6, 9) #
4 3
=
u
5
4
=
(5 x 2) 3
5
12
=
(5 x 2) 2 5
5
=
12(5 x 2) 2 #
=

5
2(3 ) + 6
5
cms 1 @ 0.2083 cms 1 #
24
( x 3) 2

g(x) =
=

6.

(2 x 4) 2
2(2 x 4) 3 (2)
4(2 x 4) 3

FORM 4

1
1

1
1
1

2 x 2 + 3x 4
1
51

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION
dy
dx

4x + 3

When x = 3,
b)

x
y
x
y
x = 1,
m

4(3) + 3

15 #

4(1) + 3 = 7

7m #

dy
dx
5p(2) + 2
10p
p

11.

dy
dx
m
dy
dx

y
10.

FORM 4

5px + 2

=
=

10
8
4
#
5
x 2 28 x + 52

y
=
dy
=
2x 28
dx
Minimum point at x = k :
2(k) 28 =
0
2k
=
28
k
=
14 #

1
1
1

52

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

PAPER 2

1.

Diagram shows a conical container of diameter 0.8 m and height 0.6 m.

Water is poured into the container at a constant rate of 0.3 m3 s1.
0.8 m

0.6 m

water

Calculate the rate of change of the height of the water level at the instant when the height of
1
the water level is 0.4 m. (Use = 3.142; Volume of a cone = r 2 h )
[4 marks]
3

2.

4
which passes through A(2, 5).
(2 x 3) 2
Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point A.
Diagram shows part of the curve y =

[4 marks]

A(2, 5)

y=

4
(2 x 3) 2

53

CHAPTER 9
3.

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

In the diagram, the straight line PQ is a normal to the curve y =

x2
+ 3 at A(2, 5).
2

P
A(2, 5)

Q(k, 0)

O
Find the value of k.

4.

[3 marks]

Diagram shows part of the curve y = k(x 2)3, where k is a constant. The curve intersects the
straight line x = 4 at point A.
dy
At point A,
[3 marks]
= 36. Find the value of k.
dx

y = k(x 2)3
A

O
x=4

54

CHAPTER 9

5.

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

Diagram shows the curve y = x2 + 3 and the tangent to the curve at the point P(1, 5).
Calculate the equation of the tangent at P.
[3 marks]

y
2

y=x +3

P(1, 5)

x
O

55

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

ANSWERS PAPER 2

1.

r
h

0.4 m

r
0.6 m

=
dV
dh
dV
dh
4 2
h
9

2.

y
dy
dx

dy
dx

1 2
r h
3
1 2 2
( h) h
3 3
4
h 3
27
4 2
h
9
dV
dt

dt
dh
dt
0.3
dh
dt
0.3
dh
1.343 ms 1 #

8(2 x 3) 3 (2)

=
=
y5
y

3.

4
(3.142)(0.4) 2 =
9
dh
=
dt
=
4(2 x 3) 2

=
At A (2, 5) ,

0. 4
0. 6
4
2
h= h
6
3

16
(2 x 3) 3
16
[2(2) 3]3
16
=
16( x 2 )
=
16x + 32
=
16x + 37 #

1
1
1

y =
dy
=
dx

x
+3
2
x

At point A(2 , 5),

dy
=2
dx

56

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION
Gradient of normal, m2 =

4.

dy
dx
3k (4 2) 2
3k
k
y
dy
dx
dy
At P (1,5),
dx

When x = 4,

5.

1
2

05
1
=
k 2
2
10 =
k + 2
k =
12 #
=
k ( x 2) 3

y
dy
dx

y5
y

FORM 4

3k ( x 2) 2

1
1

= 36 :
= 36
=
9
=
3 #
=
x2 + 3
=

2x

2(1)

=
=
=
=

2
2 (x 1)
2x 2
2x + 3 #

1
1

1
1
1

57