1.

- :

- :


()

810 cm


- 1
- ( volumetric flask)
2. :


(Petrolatum/Vaseline)

(Iodine)
/ (NaOH,
KOH)
3. :

4. :
** White bee wax, Stearyl alcohol, Cetyl alcohol ------

** Wool fat, White petrolatum ------

1 :
2 :

 3 :

(top loading balance)

1.
2.
3.
(
)
4. Tare
5. 1 ()
6. 2 ( )
7.
8.
9.
10. Tare
11.
12. 3 ()

------
------


(calibrate)

 spatula 2 spatula
------
------

1.

20%
(mL)

5
10
25
50
100
500

(mL)
1
2
5
10
20
100

2.
3. 1 ()
4.
5.

6. 2 ()

7.

lower meniscus

8.
9. 3 ()
:
- ( , ) ------ lower miniscus
- (Mineral oil, Glycerin, Syrup) ------
lower miniscus
- (/Potassium permanganate, Iodine soluton)
------ upper meniscus

(calibration dropper)
A 0.8 mL
1.
2. 20%

3.
A 2 mL x
A 0.8 mL
4.
(Communication)
(Trituration)
>>
Activated charcoal, >>
Calamine Sulfur

 (Levigation)

(levigating agent)

glycerine, mineral oil
slab & spatula

(Pulverization by interventon)
Camphor,
Menthol

geometric dilution
1.
2.
3.
(trituration)
1)
2)

3)

4) geometric
dilution

5) spatula
spatula

6)
slab spatula (spatulation)
1) slab slab
slab
2) slab spatula spatula
spatula
3) levigating agent solvent

smooth paste
4) slab spatula
geometric dilution

(Incorporation)
1)
- levigating agent smooth paste
geometric dilution
- levigating agent levigating agent
(base)

Water in oil cream base

Oil in water cream base

(Levigating agent =
Mineral oil*)

(Levigating agent =
Glycerin, Propylene
glycol)
- Water in oil cream base
- Oil in water cream base
- White ointment USP
- Water soluble ointment
- Wool alcohols ointment USP base
- Simple ointment USP
- Hydrophilic ointment USP
- Emulsifying ointment BP
- Macrogol ointment BP (PEG
- Paraffin ointment
ointment USP)
- Hydrophobic petrolatum
- PEG base
USP
- Vanishing cream
- Petrolatum**
- Cold cream
* Mineral oil
Liqid petrolatum, Liquid paraffin
** Petrolatum
Vaseline, Yellow soft paraffin, Soft paraffin
levigating agent
levigating agent levigating agent

, glycerin, mineral oil
2) ()
-
(base)
3)
-

1.

0.5-1 cm

- (Plain Filter)

60

- (Plaited Filter)
32

-

-


2 4 (
)
2.
separatory funnel
3.
flask
flask
4.

-water (Perpermint water) ------
-sprit ------
5. 45

6.


1.
1) (direct heat)
- (burner) (hot plate)

- (tripod) wire gauze

- wire gauze
- wire gauze beaker,
casserole

2) (water bath)

100 C
wax, fat
- water bath
wire guaze
-
(
)
2.

-
100 C

- casserole beaker

 (order of melting point)

-
- ( )