10 Phương Pháp Giải Nhanh Bài Toán Hóa Trong Đề Thi PTTH Quốc Gia, Đại Học Và 25 Đề Thi Thử PTTH, Đại Học Có Đáp Án

MC LC
Phn th nht: 10 PHNG PHP GII NHANH BI TP TRC NGHIM

HA HC .............................................................................
Phng php 1: p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng .........................
Phng php 2: Bo ton mol nguyn t ................................................
Phng php 3: Bo ton mol electron ...................................................
Phng php 4: S dng phng trnh ion - electron .............................
Phng php 5: S dng cc gi tr trung bnh .......................................
Phng php 6: Tng gim khi lng ...................................................
Phng php 7: Qui i hn hp nhiu cht v s lng cht t hn .....
Phng php 8: S ng cho ..........................................................
Phng php 9: Cc i lng dng khi qut .....................................
Phng php 10: T chn lng cht .....................................................
Phn th hai: 25 THI TH TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG ...
s 01 ...................................................................................................
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291
Phn th ba: P N 25 THI TH TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG

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p n 01 ............................................................................................
p n 02 ............................................................................................
p n 03 ............................................................................................
p n 04 ............................................................................................
p n 05 ............................................................................................
p n 06 ............................................................................................
p n 07 ............................................................................................
p n 08 ............................................................................................
p n 09 ............................................................................................
p n 10 ............................................................................................
p n 11 ............................................................................................
p n 12 ............................................................................................
p n 13 ............................................................................................
p n 14 ............................................................................................
p n 15 ............................................................................................
p n 16 ............................................................................................
p n 17 ............................................................................................
p n 18 ............................................................................................
p n 19 ............................................................................................
p n 20 ............................................................................................
p n 21 ............................................................................................
p n 22 ............................................................................................
p n 23 ............................................................................................
p n 24 ............................................................................................
p n 25 ............................................................................................
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Phn th nht
10 PHNG PHP GII NHANH BI TP TRC

NGHIM HA HC
Phng php 1
P DNG NH LUT BO TON KHI LNG
Nguyn tc ca phng php ny kh n gin, da vo nh lut bo ton khi lng:
Tng khi lng cc cht tham gia phn ng bng tng khi lng cc cht to thnh trong
phn ng. Cn lu l: khng tnh khi lng ca phn khng tham gia phn ng cng nh
phn cht c sn, v d nc c sn trong dung dch.
Khi c cn dung dch th khi lng mui thu c bng tng khi lng cc cation kim
loi v anion gc axit.
V d 1: Hn hp X gm Fe, FeO v Fe2O3. Cho mt lung CO i qua ng s ng m gam
hn hp X nung nng. Sau khi kt thc th nghim thu c 64 gam cht rn A
trong ng s v 11,2 lt kh B (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 20,4. Tnh gi tr m.
A. 105,6 gam. B. 35,2 gam.
C. 70,4 gam. D. 140,8 gam.
Hng dn gii
Cc phn ng kh st oxit c th c:
t
2Fe3O4 + CO2
3Fe2O3 + CO
(1)
t
3FeO + CO2
Fe3O4 + CO
(2)
t
FeO + CO
Fe + CO2
(3)
Nh vy cht rn A c th gm 3 cht Fe, FeO, Fe3O4 hoc t hn, iu khng quan

trng v vic cn bng cc phng trnh trn cng khng cn thit, quan trng l s mol CO
phn ng bao gi cng bng s mol CO2 to thnh.
nB
11,2
0,5 mol.
22,5
Gi x l s mol ca CO2 ta c phng trnh v khi lng ca B:

44x + 28(0,5 x) = 0,5 20,4 2 = 20,4
nhn c x = 0,4 mol v cng chnh l s mol CO tham gia phn ng.
Theo LBTKL ta c:
mX + mCO = mA + mCO2
m = 64 + 0,4 44 0,4 28 = 70,4 gam. (p n C)
V d 2: un 132,8 gam hn hp 3 ru no, n chc vi H2SO4 c 140oC thu c hn

hp cc ete c s mol bng nhau v c khi lng l 111,2 gam. S mol ca mi ete
trong hn hp l bao nhiu?
A. 0,1 mol.
B. 0,15 mol.
C. 0,4 mol.
D. 0,2 mol.
Hng dn gii
Ta bit rng c 3 loi ru tch nc iu kin H2SO4 c, 140oC th to thnh 6 loi
ete v tch ra 6 phn t H2O.
Theo LBTKL ta c
mH2O mru mete 132,8 11,2 21,6 gam
n H 2O
21,6
1,2 mol.
18
Mt khc c hai phn t ru th to ra mt phn t ete v mt phn t H2O do s mol

1,2
0,2 mol. (p n D)
H2O lun bng s mol ete, suy ra s mol mi ete l
6
Nhn xt: Chng ta khng cn vit 6 phng trnh phn ng t ru tch nc to thnh
6 ete, cng khng cn tm CTPT ca cc ru v cc ete trn. Nu cc bn xa vo vic vit
phng trnh phn ng v t n s mol cc ete tnh ton th khng nhng khng gii c
m cn tn qu nhiu thi gian.
V d 3: Cho 12 gam hn hp hai kim loi Fe, Cu tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 63%.
Sau phn ng thu c dung dch A v 11,2 lt kh NO2 duy nht (ktc). Tnh nng
% cc cht c trong dung dch A.
A. 36,66% v 28,48%.
B. 27,19% v 21,12%.
C. 27,19% v 72,81%.
D. 78,88% v 21,12%.
Hng dn gii
Fe + 6HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O
Cu + 4HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
n NO2 0,5 mol n HNO3 2n NO2 1 mol.

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c:
m d2 mui m h2 k.loi m d2 HNO m NO2
3
12
1 63 100
46 0,5 89 gam.
63
t nFe = x mol, nCu = y mol ta c:

56x 64y 12
x 0,1

3x 2y 0,5
y 0,1
%m Fe( NO3 )3
0,1 242 100

27,19%
89
%m Cu( NO3 )2
0,1 188 100

21,12%. (p n B)
89
V d 4: Ho tan hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp mt mui cacbonat ca cc kim loi ho tr (I)
v mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr (II) trong dung dch HCl. Sau phn ng thu
c 4,48 lt kh (ktc). em c cn dung dch thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
4
A. 13 gam.
B. 15 gam.
C. 26 gam.
D. 30 gam.
Hng dn gii
M2CO3 + 2HCl 2MCl + CO2 + H2O
R2CO3 + 2HCl 2MCl2 + CO2 + H2O
n CO2
4,88
0,2 mol
22,4
Tng nHCl = 0,4 mol v n H2O 0,2 mol.

23,8 + 0,436,5 = mmui + 0,244 + 0,218
mmui = 26 gam. (p n C)
V d 5: Hn hp A gm KClO3, Ca(ClO2)2, Ca(ClO3)2, CaCl2 v KCl nng 83,68 gam. Nhit

phn hon ton A ta thu c cht rn B gm CaCl2, KCl v 17,472 lt kh ( ktc).
Cho cht rn B tc dng vi 360 ml dung dch K2CO3 0,5M (va ) thu c kt
ta C v dung dch D. Lng KCl trong dung dch D nhiu gp 22/3 ln lng KCl
c trong A. % khi lng KClO3 c trong A l
A. 47,83%.
B. 56,72%.
C. 54,67%.
D. 58,55%.
Hng dn gii
to
KClO3
to
Ca(ClO3 )2
o
t
83,68 gam A Ca(ClO2 )2
CaCl
2
KCl ( A )
KCl
3
O2
2
(1)
CaCl2 3O2
(2)
CaCl 2 2O2
(3)
CaCl2
KCl ( A )
h2 B
n O2 0,78 mol.
mA = mB + m O2
mB = 83,68 320,78 = 58,72 gam.
Cho cht rn B tc dng vi 0,18 mol K2CO3
CaCl 2 K 2CO3
CaCO3 2KCl (4)
0,36 mol hn hp D
Hn hp B 0,18 0,18
KCl
KCl ( B)
( B)
m KCl ( B) m B m CaCl2 ( B)
58,72 0,18 111 38,74 gam
m KCl ( D ) m KCl ( B) m KCl ( pt 4)
38,74 0,36 74,5 65,56 gam
3
3
m KCl ( D )
65,56 8,94 gam
22
22
m KCl ( A )
m KCl pt (1) = m KCl (B) m KCl (A) 38,74 8,94 29,8 gam.
Theo phn ng (1):

m KClO3
29,8
122,5 49 gam.
74,5
%m KClO3 ( A )
49 100
58,55%. (p n D)
83,68
V d 6: t chy hon ton 1,88 gam cht hu c A (cha C, H, O) cn 1,904 lt O2 (ktc)

thu c CO2 v hi nc theo t l th tch 4:3. Hy xc nh cng thc phn t ca
A. Bit t khi ca A so vi khng kh nh hn 7.
A. C8H12O5. B. C4H8O2.
C. C8H12O3.
D. C6H12O6.
Hng dn gii
1,88 gam A + 0,085 mol O2 4a mol CO2 + 3a mol H2O.
mCO2 mH2O 1,88 0,085 32 46 gam

Ta c:
444a + 183a = 46 a = 0,02 mol.
Trong cht A c:
nC = 4a = 0,08 mol
nH = 3a2 = 0,12 mol
nO = 4a2 + 3a 0,0852 = 0,05 mol
nC : nH : no = 0,08 : 0,12 : 0,05 = 8 : 12 : 5
Vy cng thc ca cht hu c A l C8H12O5 c MA < 203. (p n A)

V d 7: Cho 0,1 mol este to bi 2 ln axit v ru mt ln ru tc dng hon ton vi
NaOH thu c 6,4 gam ru v mt lng mi c khi lng nhiu hn lng
este l 13,56% (so vi lng este). Xc nh cng thc cu to ca este.
A. CH3COO CH3.
B. CH3OCOCOOCH3.
C. CH3COOCOOCH3.
D. CH3COOCH2COOCH3.
Hng dn gii
R(COOR)2 + 2NaOH R(COONa)2 + 2ROH
0,1
M R OH
0,2
6,4
32 Ru CH3OH.
0,2

meste + mNaOH = mmui + mru
6
0,1
0,2 mol
mmui meste = 0,240 64 = 1,6 gam.

mmui meste =
meste =
13,56
meste
100
1,6 100
11,8 gam Meste = 118 vC
13,56
R + (44 + 15)2 = 118 R = 0.

Vy cng thc cu to ca este l CH3OCOCOOCH3. (p n B)
V d 8: Thu phn hon ton 11,44 gam hn hp 2 este n chc l ng phn ca nhau
bng dung dch NaOH thu c 11,08 gam hn hp mui v 5,56 gam hn hp
ru. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca 2 este.
A. HCOOCH3 v C2H5COOCH3,
B. C2H5COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.
C. HCOOC3H7 v C2H5COOCH3.
D. C B, C u ng.
Hng dn gii
t cng thc trung bnh tng qut ca hai este n chc ng phn l RCOOR .
RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH
11,44
11,08
5,56 gam

MNaOH = 11,08 + 5,56 11,44 = 5,2 gam
5,2
0,13 mol
40
n NaOH
M RCOONa
M R OH
M RCOOR
CTPT ca este l C4H8O2
11,08
85,23 R 18,23
0,13
5,56
42,77 R 25,77
0,13
11,44
88
0,13
Vy cng thc cu to 2 este ng phn l:

HCOOC3H7 v C2H5COOCH3
hoc
C2H5COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5. (p n D)
V d 9: Chia hn hp gm hai anehit no n chc lm hai phn bng nhau:

- Phn 1: em t chy hon ton thu c 1,08 gam H2O.
- Phn 2: Tc dng vi H2 d (Ni, to) th thu c hn hp A. em t chy hon
ton th th tch kh CO2 (ktc) thu c l
A. 1,434 lt.
B. 1,443 lt.
C. 1,344 lt.
D. 0,672 lt.
Hng dn gii
7
Phn 1: V anehit no n chc nn nCO2 n H2O = 0,06 mol.
nCO2 (phn 2) nC (phn 2) 0,06 mol.
Theo bo ton nguyn t v bo ton khi lng ta c:
nC (phn 2) nC (A) 0,06 mol.
n CO2 (A) = 0,06 mol
VCO2 = 22,40,06 = 1,344 lt. (p n C)
V d 10: Cho mt lung CO i qua ng s ng 0,04 mol hn hp A gm FeO v Fe2O3 t

nng. Sau khi kt thc th nghim thu c B gm 4 cht nng 4,784 gam. Kh i
ra khi ng s cho hp th vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th thu c 9,062 gam kt
ta. Phn trm khi lng Fe2O3 trong hn hp A l
A. 86,96%.
B. 16,04%.
C. 13,04%.
D.6,01%.
Hng dn gii
0,04 mol hn hp A (FeO v Fe2O3) + CO 4,784 gam hn hp B + CO2.
CO2 + Ba(OH)2 d BaCO3 + H2O
nCO2 n BaCO3 0,046 mol
nCO( p. ) nCO2 0,046 mol

mA + mCO = mB + mCO2
mA = 4,784 + 0,04644 0,04628 = 5,52 gam.
t nFeO = x mol, n Fe2O 3 y mol trong hn hp B ta c:

x y 0,04
x 0,01 mol

72x 160y 5,52

y 0,03 mol
0,01 72 101
13,04%
5,52
%mFeO =
%Fe2O3 = 86,96%. (p n A)
MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEO PHNG PHP S DNG

NH LUT BO TON KHI LNG
01. Ha tan 9,14 gam hp kim Cu, Mg, Al bng mt lng va dung dch HCl thu c
7,84 lt kh X (ktc) v 2,54 gam cht rn Y v dung dch Z. Lc b cht rn Y, c cn cn
thn dung dch Z thu c lng mui khan l
A. 31,45 gam. B. 33,99 gam. C. 19,025 gam. D. 56,3 gam.
02. Cho 15 gam hn hp 3 amin n chc, bc mt tc dng va vi dung dch HCl 1,2 M
th thu c 18,504 gam mui. Th tch dung dch HCl phi dng l
A. 0,8 lt.
B. 0,08 lt.
C. 0,4 lt.
D. 0,04 lt.
03. Trn 8,1 gam bt Al vi 48 gam bt Fe2O3 ri cho tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm trong
iu kin khng c khng kh, kt thc th nghim lng cht rn thu c l
A. 61,5 gam.
B. 56,1 gam.
C. 65,1 gam.
D. 51,6 gam.
04. Ha tan hon ton 10,0 gam hn hp X gm hai kim loi (ng trc H trong dy in
ha) bng dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn
ng thu c lng mui khan l
A. 1,71 gam.
B. 17,1 gam.
C. 13,55 gam.
D. 34,2 gam.
05. Nhit phn hon ton m gam hn hp X gm CaCO3 v Na2CO3 thu c 11,6 gam cht
rn v 2,24 lt kh (ktc). Hm lng % CaCO3 trong X l
A. 6,25%.
B. 8,62%.
C. 50,2%.
D. 62,5%.
06. Cho 4,4 gam hn hp hai kim loi nhm IA hai chu k lin tip tc dng vi dung dch
HCl d thu c 4,48 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch cha m gam mui tan. Tn hai kim loi
v khi lng m l
A. 11 gam; Li v Na.
B. 18,6 gam; Li v Na.
C. 18,6 gam; Na v K.
D. 12,7 gam; Na v K.
07. t chy hon ton 18 gam FeS2 v cho ton b lng SO2 vo 2 lt dung dch Ba(OH)2
0,125M. Khi lng mui to thnh l
A. 57,40 gam. B. 56,35 gam. C. 59,17 gam.
D.58,35 gam.
08. Ha tan 33,75 gam mt kim loi M trong dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c 16,8 lt kh X
(ktc) gm hai kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh c t khi hi so vi hiro bng
17,8.
a) Kim loi l
A. Cu.
B. Zn.
C. Fe.
D. Al.
b) Nu dng dung dch HNO3 2M v ly d 25% th th tch dung dch cn ly l

A. 3,15 lt.
B. 3,00 lt.
C. 3,35 lt.
D. 3,45 lt.
09. Ho tan hon ton 15,9 gam hn hp gm 3 kim loi Al, Mg v Cu bng dung dch HNO3
thu c 6,72 lt kh NO v dung dch X. em c cn dung dch X thu c bao nhiu
gam mui khan?
A. 77,1 gam.
B. 71,7 gam.
C. 17,7 gam.
D. 53,1 gam.
10. Ha tan hon ton 2,81 gam hn hp gm Fe2O3, MgO, ZnO trong 500 ml axit H2SO4
0,1M (va ). Sau phn ng, hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c khi c cn dung dch c
khi lng l
A. 6,81 gam.
B. 4,81 gam.
C. 3,81 gam.
D. 5,81 gam.
p n cc bi tp vn dng:
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. D
6. B
7. D
8. a-D, b-B
9. B
10. A
Phng php 2
BO TON MOL NGUYN T
C rt nhiu phng php gii ton ha hc khc nhau nhng phng php bo ton
nguyn t v phng php bo ton s mol electron cho php chng ta gp nhiu phng trnh
9
phn ng li lm mt, qui gn vic tnh ton v nhm nhanh p s. Rt ph hp vi vic gii
cc dng bi ton ha hc trc nghim. Cch thc gp nhng phng trnh lm mt v cch lp
phng trnh theo phng php bo ton nguyn t s c gii thiu trong mt s v d sau
y.
V d 1: kh hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 cn 0,05 mol H2.
Mt khc ha tan hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X trong dung dch H2SO4 c thu
c th tch kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht) iu kin tiu chun l
A. 448 ml.
B. 224 ml.
C. 336 ml.
D. 112 ml.
Hng dn gii
Thc cht phn ng kh cc oxit trn l
O H2O
H2
0,05
0,05 mol
t s mol hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 ln lt l x, y, z. Ta c:

nO = x + 4y + 3z = 0,05 mol
(1)
3,04 0,05 16
0,04 mol
56
n Fe
x + 3y + 2z = 0,04 mol
(2)
Nhn hai v ca (2) vi 3 ri tr (1) ta c:

x + y = 0,02 mol.
Mt khc:
2FeO + 4H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4H2O
x
x/2
2Fe3O4 + 10H2SO4 3Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 10H2O

y
tng: n SO2
Vy:
y/2
x y 0,2
0,01 mol
2
2
VSO2 224 ml. (p n B)
V d 2: Thi t t V lt hn hp kh (ktc) gm CO v H2 i qua mt ng ng 16,8 gam

hn hp 3 oxit: CuO, Fe3O4, Al2O3 nung nng, phn ng hon ton. Sau phn ng
thu c m gam cht rn v mt hn hp kh v hi nng hn khi lng ca hn
hp V l 0,32 gam. Tnh V v m.
A. 0,224 lt v 14,48 gam.
B. 0,448 lt v 18,46 gam.
C. 0,112 lt v 12,28 gam.
D. 0,448 lt v 16,48 gam.
Hng dn gii
Thc cht phn ng kh cc oxit trn l
CO + O CO2
H2 + O H2O.
Khi lng hn hp kh to thnh nng hn hn hp kh ban u chnh l khi lng ca
nguyn t Oxi trong cc oxit tham gia phn ng. Do vy:
10
mO = 0,32 gam.
nO
0,32
0,02 mol
16
n H2 0,02 mol .
CO

moxit = mcht rn + 0,32
16,8 = m + 0,32
m = 16,48 gam.
Vhh (COH2 ) 0,02 22,4 0,448 lt. (p n D)
V d 3: Thi rt chm 2,24 lt (ktc) mt hn hp kh gm CO v H2 qua mt ng s ng

hn hp Al2O3, CuO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 c khi lng l 24 gam d ang c un
nng. Sau khi kt thc phn ng khi lng cht rn cn li trong ng s l
A. 22,4 gam. B. 11,2 gam.
C. 20,8 gam.
D. 16,8 gam.
Hng dn gii
n hh (CO H 2 )
2,24
0,1 mol
22,4
Thc cht phn ng kh cc oxit l:

CO + O CO2
H2 + O H2O.
Vy:
nO nCO n H2 0,1 mol .

mO = 1,6 gam.
Khi lng cht rn cn li trong ng s l: 24 1,6 = 22,4 gam. (p n A)

V d 4: Cho m gam mt ancol (ru) no, n chc X qua bnh ng CuO (d), nung nng.
Sau khi phn ng hon ton, khi lng cht rn trong bnh gim 0,32 gam. Hn
hp hi thu c c t khi i vi hiro l 15,5. Gi tr ca m l
A. 0,92 gam. B. 0,32 gam.
C. 0,64 gam.
D. 0,46 gam.
Hng dn gii
t
CnH2n+1CHO + Cu + H2O
CnH2n+1CH2OH + CuO
o
Khi lng cht rn trong bnh gim chnh l s gam nguyn t O trong CuO phn ng.
Do nhn c:
mO = 0,32 gam n O
Hn hp hi gm:
0,32
0,02 mol
16
Cn H 2n 1CHO : 0,02 mol
: 0,02 mol.
H 2O
Vy hn hp hi c tng s mol l 0,04 mol.

C M = 31
11
mhh hi = 31 0,04 = 1,24 gam.

mancol + 0,32 = mhh hi
mancol = 1,24 0,32 = 0,92 gam. (p n A)
Ch : Vi ru bc (I) hoc ru bc (II) u tha mn u bi.

V d 5: t chy hon ton 4,04 gam mt hn hp bt kim loi gm Al, Fe, Cu trong khng
kh thu c 5,96 gam hn hp 3 oxit. Ha tan ht hn hp 3 oxit bng dung dch
HCl 2M. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl cn dng.
A. 0,5 lt.
B. 0,7 lt.
C. 0,12 lt.
D. 1 lt.
Hng dn gii
mO = moxit mkl = 5,96 4,04 = 1,92 gam.
nO
1,92
0,12 mol .
16
Ha tan ht hn hp ba oxit bng dung dch HCl to thnh H2O nh sau:

2H+ + O2 H2O
0,24 0,12 mol
VHCl
0,24
0,12 lt. (p n C)
2
V d 6: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt axit cacbonxylic n chc cn va V lt O2 (

ktc), thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 8,96 lt.
B. 11,2 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
Hng dn gii
Axit cacbonxylic n chc c 2 nguyn t Oxi nn c th t l RO2. Vy:
nO (RO2 ) nO (CO2 ) nO (CO2 ) nO (H2O)

0,12 + nO (p.) = 0,32 + 0,21
nO (p.) = 0,6 mol
nO2 0,3 mol
VO2 6,72 lt. (p n C)
V d 7: (Cu 46 - M 231 - TSC Khi A 2007)

Cho 4,48 lt CO ( ktc) t t i qua ng s nung nng ng 8 gam mt oxit st n
khi phn ng xy ra hon ton. Kh thu c sau phn ng c t khi so vi hiro
bng 20. Cng thc ca oxit st v phn trm th tch ca kh CO2 trong hn hp
kh sau phn ng l
A. FeO; 75%.
B. Fe2O3; 75%.
C. Fe2O3; 65%.
D. Fe3O4; 65%.
Hng dn gii
FexOy + yCO
xFe + yCO2
Kh thu c c M 40 gm 2 kh CO2 v CO d
12
n CO2
44
12
40
n CO
Mt khc:
28
n CO2
n CO ( p. ) n CO2
75
0,2 0,15 mol nCO d = 0,05 mol.
100
n CO
%VCO2 75% .
Thc cht phn ng kh oxit st l do

CO + O (trong oxit st) CO2
nCO = nO = 0,15 mol mO = 0,1516 = 2,4 gam
mFe = 8 2,4 = 5,6 gam nFe = 0,1 mol.
Theo phng trnh phn ng ta c:

n Fe
x 0,1 2

n CO2 y 0,15 3
Fe2O3. (p n B)
V d 8: Cho hn hp A gm Al, Zn, Mg. em oxi ho hon ton 28,6 gam A bng oxi d
thu c 44,6 gam hn hp oxit B. Ho tan ht B trong dung dch HCl thu c
dung dch D. C cn dung dch D c hn hp mui khan l
A. 99,6 gam.
B. 49,8 gam.
C. 74,7 gam.
D. 100,8 gam.
Hng dn gii
Gi M l kim loi i din cho ba kim loi trn vi ho tr l n.
M +
n
O2 M2On
2
(1)
M2On + 2nHCl 2MCln + nH2O
(2)
Theo phng trnh (1) (2) n HCl 4.nO2 .

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng mO2 44,6 28,6 16 gam
n O2 0,5 mol nHCl = 40,5 = 2 mol
n Cl 2 mol
mmui = mhhkl + mCl = 28,6 + 235,5 = 99,6 gam. (p n A)
V d 9: Cho mt lung kh CO i qua ng ng 0,01 mol FeO v 0,03 mol Fe2O3 (hn hp
A) t nng. Sau khi kt thc th nghim thu c 4,784 gam cht rn B gm 4 cht.
Ho tan cht rn B bng dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 0,6272 lt H2 ( ktc). Tnh
s mol oxit st t trong hn hp B. Bit rng trong B s mol oxit st t bng 1/3
tng s mol st (II) oxit v st (III) oxit.
A. 0,006.
B. 0,008.
C. 0,01.
D. 0,012.
Hng dn gii
13
FeO : 0,01 mol

Hn hp A
+ CO 4,784 gam B (Fe, Fe2O3, FeO, Fe3O4) tng
Fe2O3 : 0,03 mol
ng vi s mol l: a, b, c, d (mol).
Ho tan B bng dung dch HCl d thu c n H2 0,028 mol.

Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
a = 0,028 mol.
Theo u bi: n Fe3O4

Tng mB l:
(1)
1
n FeO n Fe2O3
3
1
b c
3
(56.a + 160.b + 72.c + 232.d) = 4,78 gam.
(2)
(3)
S mol nguyn t Fe trong hn hp A bng s mol nguyn t Fe trong hn hp B. Ta c:

nFe (A) = 0,01 + 0,032 = 0,07 mol
nFe (B) = a + 2b + c + 3d
a + 2b + c + 3d = 0,07
T (1, 2, 3, 4)
(4)
b = 0,006 mol
c = 0,012 mol
d = 0,006 mol. (p n A)
V d 10: Kh hon ton 24 gam hn hp CuO v FexOy bng H2 d nhit cao thu c
17,6 gam hn hp 2 kim loi. Khi lng H2O to thnh l
A. 1,8 gam.
C. 7,2 gam.
B. 5,4 gam.
D. 3,6 gam.
Hng dn gii
mO (trong oxit) = moxit mkloi = 24 17,6 = 6,4 gam.

6,4
0,4 mol.
mO H2O 6, 4 gam ; n H2O
16
mH2O 0,4 18 7,2 gam. (p n C)
V d 11: Kh ht m gam Fe3O4 bng CO thu c hn hp A gm FeO v Fe. A tan va

trong 0,3 lt dung dch H2SO4 1M cho ra 4,48 lt kh (ktc). Tnh m?
A. 23,2 gam. B. 46,4 gam.
C. 11,2 gam.
Hng dn gii
Fe3O4
(FeO, Fe)
3Fe2+
n mol
n Fe trong FeSO4 nSO2 0,3 mol

4
p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t Fe:

n Fe Fe3O4 n Fe FeSO4
14
3n = 0,3
m Fe3O4 23,2 gam (p n A)
n = 0,1
D. 16,04 gam.
V d 12: un hai ru n chc vi H2SO4 c, 140oC c hn hp ba ete. Ly 0,72 gam

mt trong ba ete em t chy hon ton thu c 1,76 gam CO2 v 0,72 gam H2O.
Hai ru l
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
C. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
D. CH3OH v C3H5OH.
Hng dn gii
t cng thc tng qut ca mt trong ba ete l CxHyO, ta c:
mC
0,72
0,72
12 0,48 gam ; m H
2 0,08 gam
44
18
mO = 0,72 0,48 0,08 = 0,16 gam.

x : y :1
0,48 0,08 0,16

:
:
= 4 : 8 : 1.
12
1
16
Cng thc phn t ca mt trong ba ete l C4H8O.

Cng thc cu to l CH3OCH2CH=CH2.
Vy hai ancol l CH3OH v CH2=CHCH2OH. (p n D)
MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEO PHNG PHP BO TON
MOL NGUYN T
01. Ha tan hon ton hn hp X gm 0,4 mol FeO v 0,1mol Fe2O3 vo dung dch HNO3
long, d thu c dung dch A v kh B khng mu, ha nu trong khng kh. Dung dch
A cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kt ta. Ly ton b kt ta nung trong
khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn c khi lng l
A. 23,0 gam.
B. 32,0 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 48,0 gam.
02. Cho kh CO i qua ng s cha 16 gam Fe2O3 un nng, sau phn ng thu c hn hp
rn X gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Ha tan hon ton X bng H2SO4 c, nng thu c
dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y, lng mui khan thu c l
A. 20 gam.
B. 32 gam.
C. 40 gam.
D. 48 gam.
03. Kh hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 cn 2,24 lt CO ( ktc). Khi
lng st thu c l
A. 5,6 gam.
B. 6,72 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 11,2 gam.
04. t chy hn hp hirocacbon X thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7 gam H2O. Th tch
O2 tham gia phn ng chy (ktc) l
A. 5,6 lt.
B. 2,8 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 3,92 lt.
05. Ho tan hon ton a gam hn hp X gm Fe v Fe2O3 trong dung dch HCl thu c 2,24
lt kh H2 ktc v dung dch B. Cho dung dch B tc dng dung dch NaOH d, lc ly
kt ta, nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 24 gam cht rn. Gi tr
ca a l
A. 13,6 gam.
B. 17,6 gam.
C. 21,6 gam.
D. 29,6 gam.
15
06. Hn hp X gm Mg v Al2O3. Cho 3 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d gii phng V
lt kh (ktc). Dung dch thu c cho tc dng vi dung dch NH3 d, lc v nung kt ta
c 4,12 gam bt oxit. V c gi tr l:
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 1,344 lt.
C. 1,568 lt.
D. 2,016 lt.
07. Hn hp A gm Mg, Al, Fe, Zn. Cho 2 gam A tc dng vi dung dch HCl d gii phng
0,1 gam kh. Cho 2 gam A tc dng vi kh clo d thu c 5,763 gam hn hp mui.
Phn trm khi lng ca Fe trong A l
A. 8,4%.
B. 16,8%.
C. 19,2%.
D. 22,4%.
08. (Cu 2 - M 231 - TSC - Khi A 2007)

t chy hon ton mt th tch kh thin nhin gm metan, etan, propan bng oxi khng
kh (trong khng kh Oxi chim 20% th tch), thu c 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 9,9
gam H2O. Th tch khng kh (ktc) nh nht cn dng t chy hon ton lng kh
thin nhin trn l
A. 70,0 lt.
B. 78,4 lt.
C. 84,0 lt.
D. 56,0 lt.
09. Ho tan hon ton 5 gam hn hp 2 kim loi X v Y bng dung dch HCl thu c dung dch
A v kh H2. C cn dung dch A thu c 5,71 gam mui khan. Hy tnh th tch kh H2 thu
c ktc.
A. 0,56 lt.
B. 0,112 lt.
C. 0,224 lt
D. 0,448 lt
10. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp Y gm C2H6, C3H4 v C4H8 th thu c 12,98 gam
CO2 v 5,76 gam H2O. Vy m c gi tr l
A. 1,48 gam.
B. 8,14 gam.
C. 4,18 gam.
D. 16,04 gam.
16
1. D
2. C
3. C
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. C
10. C
Phng php 3
BO TON MOL ELECTRON
Trc ht cn nhn mnh y khng phi l phng php cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh, mc d phng php thng bng electron dng cn bng phn ng oxi ha - kh cng
da trn s bo ton electron.
Nguyn tc ca phng php nh sau: khi c nhiu cht oxi ha, cht kh trong mt hn
hp phn ng (nhiu phn ng hoc phn ng qua nhiu giai on) th tng s electron ca
cc cht kh cho phi bng tng s electron m cc cht oxi ha nhn. Ta ch cn nhn nh
ng trng thi u v trng thi cui ca cc cht oxi ha hoc cht kh, thm ch khng cn
quan tm n vic cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng. Phng php ny c bit l th i
vi cc bi ton cn phi bin lun nhiu trng hp c th xy ra.
Sau y l mt s v d in hnh.
V d 1: Oxi ha hon ton 0,728 gam bt Fe ta thu c 1,016 gam hn hp hai oxit st (hn
hp A).
1. Ha tan hn hp A bng dung dch axit nitric long d. Tnh th tch kh NO duy nht
bay ra ( ktc).
B. 22,4 ml.
A. 2,24 ml.
C. 33,6 ml.
D. 44,8 ml.
2. Cng hn hp A trn trn vi 5,4 gam bt Al ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm (hiu
sut 100%). Ha tan hn hp thu c sau phn ng bng dung dch HCl d. Tnh th
tch bay ra ( ktc).
A. 6,608 lt.
B. 0,6608 lt. C. 3,304 lt.
D. 33,04. lt
Hng dn gii
1. Cc phn ng c th c:
t
2Fe + O2
2FeO
(1)
t
2Fe + 1,5O2
Fe2O3
(2)
t
3Fe + 2O2
Fe3O4
(3)
Cc phn ng ha tan c th c:
3FeO + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 5H2O
(4)
Fe2O3 + 6HNO3 2Fe(NO3)3 + 3H2O
(5)
3Fe3O4 + 28HNO3 9Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 14H2O
(6)
Ta nhn thy tt c Fe t Fe0 b oxi ha thnh Fe+3, cn N+5 b kh thnh N+2, O20 b kh
thnh 2O2 nn phng trnh bo ton electron l:
3n 0,009 4
0,728
3 0,039 mol.
56
trong , n l s mol NO thot ra. Ta d dng rt ra

n = 0,001 mol;
VNO = 0,00122,4 = 0,0224 lt = 22,4 ml. (p n B)
17
2. Cc phn ng c th c:
t
2Al + 3FeO
3Fe + Al2O3
(7)
t
2Al + Fe2O3
2Fe + Al2O3
(8)
t
8Al + 3Fe3O4
9Fe + 4Al2O3
(9)
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
(10)
2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2
(11)
Xt cc phn ng (1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) ta thy Fe0 cui cng thnh Fe+2, Al0 thnh
Al+3, O20 thnh 2O2 v 2H+ thnh H2 nn ta c phng trnh bo ton electron nh sau:
0,013 2
5,4 3
0,009 4 n 2
27
Fe0 Fe+2
Al0 Al+3
O20 2O2
n = 0,295 mol
VH2 0,295 22,4 6,608 lt. (p n A)
2H+ H2
Nhn xt: Trong bi ton trn cc bn khng cn phi bn khon l to thnh hai oxit st
(hn hp A) gm nhng oxit no v cng khng cn phi cn bng 11 phng trnh nh trn
m ch cn quan tm ti trng thi u v trng thi cui ca cc cht oxi ha v cht kh ri
p dng lut bo ton electron tnh lc bt c cc giai on trung gian ta s tnh nhm
nhanh c bi ton.
V d 2: Trn 0,81 gam bt nhm vi bt Fe2O3 v CuO ri t nng tin hnh phn ng
nhit nhm thu c hn hp A. Ho tan hon ton A trong dung dch HNO3 un
nng thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht) ktc. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,224 lt.
B. 0,672 lt. C. 2,24 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
Hng dn gii
Tm tt theo s :
Fe2O3 to
ha tan hon ton
0,81 gam Al
hn hp A
VNO ?
dung dch HNO3
CuO
Thc cht trong bi ton ny ch c qu trnh cho v nhn electron ca nguyn t Al v
N.
Al Al+3 + 3e
0,81
27
N+5 + 3e
0,09 mol
N+2
0,09 mol 0,03 mol
VNO = 0,0322,4 = 0,672 lt. (p n D)
Nhn xt: Phn ng nhit nhm cha bit l hon ton hay khng hon ton do hn
hp A khng xc nh c chnh xc gm nhng cht no nn vic vit phng trnh ha
18
hc v cn bng phng trnh phc tp. Khi ha tan hon ton hn hp A trong axit HNO3 th
Al0 to thnh Al+3, nguyn t Fe v Cu c bo ton ha tr.
C bn s thc mc lng kh NO cn c to bi kim loi Fe v Cu trong hn hp A.
Thc cht lng Al phn ng b li lng Fe v Cu to thnh.
V d 3: Cho 8,3 gam hn hp X gm Al, Fe (nAl = nFe) vo 100 ml dung dch Y gm
Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3. Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c cht rn A gm 3 kim
loi. Ha tan hon ton cht rn A vo dung dch HCl d thy c 1,12 lt kh thot ra
(ktc) v cn li 28 gam cht rn khng tan B. Nng CM ca Cu(NO3)2 v ca
AgNO3 ln lt l
A. 2M v 1M.
B. 1M v 2M.
C. 0,2M v 0,1M.
D. kt qu khc.
Tm tt s :
Al
+ 100 ml dung dch Y
8,3 gam hn hp X
Fe
(n Al = n Fe )
: x mol
AgNO3
Cu(NO3 )2 :y mol
1,12 lt H 2
HCl d
Cht rn A
(3 kim loi)
2,8 gam cht rn khng tan B
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
nAl = nFe =
8,3
0,1 mol.
83
t n AgNO3 x mol v nCu( NO3 )2 y mol
X + Y Cht rn A gm 3 kim loi.
Al ht, Fe cha phn ng hoc cn d. Hn hp hai mui ht.

Qu trnh oxi ha:
Al Al3+ + 3e
Fe Fe2+ + 2e
0,1
0,1
0,3
0,2
Tng s mol e nhng bng 0,5 mol.

Qu trnh kh:
Ag+ + 1e Ag
Cu2+ + 2e Cu
2y
2H+ + 2e H2
0,1
0,05
Tng s e mol nhn bng (x + 2y + 0,1).

Theo nh lut bo ton electron, ta c phng trnh:
x + 2y + 0,1 = 0,5 hay x + 2y = 0,4
(1)
Mt khc, cht rn B khng tan l: Ag: x mol ; Cu: y mol.
108x + 64y = 28
(2)
Gii h (1), (2) ta c:

x = 0,2 mol ; y = 0,1 mol.
19
C M AgNO3
0,2
0,1
= 2M; C M Cu( NO3 )2
= 1M. (p n B)
0,1
0,1
V d 4: Ha tan 15 gam hn hp X gm hai kim loi Mg v Al vo dung dch Y gm HNO3

v H2SO4 c thu c 0,1 mol mi kh SO2, NO, NO2, N2O. Phn trm khi lng
ca Al v Mg trong X ln lt l
A. 63% v 37%.
B. 36% v 64%.
C. 50% v 50%.
D. 46% v 54%.
Hng dn gii
t nMg = x mol ; nAl = y mol. Ta c:
24x + 27y = 15. (1)
Qu trnh oxi ha:
Mg Mg2+ + 2e
Al Al3+ + 3e
2x
3y
Tng s mol e nhng bng (2x + 3y).

Qu trnh kh:
N+5 + 3e N+2
0,3
2N+5 + 2 4e 2N+1
0,1
0,8
0,2
N + 1e N
S + 2e S
0,1
0,2
+5
+4
+6
0,1
+4
0,1
Tng s mol e nhn bng 1,4 mol.

Theo nh lut bo ton electron:
2x + 3y = 1,4 (2)
Gii h (1), (2) ta c: x = 0,4 mol ; y = 0,2 mol.
%Al
27 0,2
100% 36%.
15
%Mg = 100% 36% = 64%. (p n B)

V d 5: Trn 60 gam bt Fe vi 30 gam bt lu hunh ri un nng (khng c khng kh)
thu c cht rn A. Ho tan A bng dung dch axit HCl d c dung dch B v
kh C. t chy C cn V lt O2 (ktc). Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. V c gi
tr l
A. 11,2 lt.
B. 21 lt.
C. 33 lt.
D. 49 lt.
Hng dn gii
V n Fe n S
30
nn Fe d v S ht.
32
Kh C l hn hp H2S v H2. t C thu c SO2 v H2O. Kt qu cui cng ca qu

trnh phn ng l Fe v S nhng e, cn O2 thu e.
Nhng e:
20
Fe
Fe2+ + 2e
60
mol
56
S+4 +
60
mol
56
4e
30
mol
32
30
mol
32
Thu e: Gi s mol O2 l x mol.

O2
+ 4e 2O-2
x mol 4x
Ta c: 4x
60
30
2 4 gii ra x = 1,4732 mol.
56
32
VO2 22,4 1,4732 33 lt. (p n C)
V d 6: Hn hp A gm 2 kim loi R1, R2 c ho tr x, y khng i (R1, R2 khng tc dng

vi nc v ng trc Cu trong dy hot ng ha hc ca kim loi). Cho hn hp
A phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c 1,12 lt kh NO duy nht
ktc.
Nu cho lng hn hp A trn phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 th thu
c bao nhiu lt N2. Cc th tch kh o ktc.
A. 0,224 lt.
B. 0,336 lt. C. 0,448 lt.
D. 0,672 lt.
Hng dn gii
Trong bi ton ny c 2 th nghim:
5
TN1: R1 v R2 nhng e cho Cu2+ chuyn thnh Cu sau Cu li nhng e cho N

2
thnh N (NO). S mol e do R1 v R2 nhng ra l

5
N + 3e
0,15
1,12
0,05
22,4
5
TN2: R1 v R2 trc tip nhng e cho N to ra N2. Gi x l s mol N2, th s mol e

thu vo l
5
2 N + 10e N 02
10x x mol
Ta c:
10x = 0,15 x = 0,015
VN2 = 22,4.0,015 = 0,336 lt. (p n B)
V d 7: Cho 1,35 gam hn hp gm Cu, Mg, Al tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c
hn hp kh gm 0,01 mol NO v 0,04 mol NO2. Tnh khi lng mui to ra trong
dung dch.
A. 10,08 gam. B. 6,59 gam.
C. 5,69 gam. D. 5,96 gam.
Hng dn gii
21
Cch 1: t x, y, z ln lt l s mol Cu, Mg, Al.

Nhng e:
Ta c:
Mg = Mg + 2e
x x 2x
y y 2y
Thu e:
Cu = Cu + 2e
2
Al = Al + 3e
z z 3z
4
N + 3e = N (NO)
N + 1e = N (NO2)
0,03 0,01
0,04 0,04
2x + 2y + 3z = 0,03 + 0,04 = 0,07
v 0,07 cng chnh l s mol NO3

Khi lng mui nitrat l:
1,35 + 620,07 = 5,69 gam. (p n C)
Cch 2:
Nhn nh mi: Khi cho kim loi hoc hn hp kim loi tc dng vi dung dch axit
HNO3 to hn hp 2 kh NO v NO2 th
n HNO3 2n NO2 4n NO
n HNO3 2 0,04 4 0,01 0,12 mol
n H2 O 0,06 mol
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng:

m KL m HNO3 m mui m NO m NO2 m H2O
1,35 + 0,1263 = mmui + 0,0130 + 0,0446 + 0,0618
mmui = 5,69 gam.
V d 8: (Cu 19 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH - 2007)

Ha tan hon ton 12 gam hn hp Fe, Cu (t l mol 1:1) bng axit HNO3, thu c
V lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X (gm NO v NO2) v dung dch Y (ch cha hai mui
v axit d). T khi ca X i vi H2 bng 19. Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 4,48 lt.
C. 5,60 lt.
D. 3,36 lt.
Hng dn gii
t nFe = nCu = a mol 56a + 64a = 12 a = 0,1 mol.
Cho e:
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
0,1
Nhn e:
0,3
N+5 + 3e N+2
3x x
Cu Cu2+ + 2e
0,1
0,2
N+5 + 1e N+4
y
Tng ne cho bng tng ne nhn.
Mt khc:
3x + y = 0,5
30x + 46y = 192(x + y).
x = 0,125 ; y = 0,125.
Vhh kh (ktc) = 0,125222,4 = 5,6 lt. (p n C)
22
V d 9: Nung m gam bt st trong oxi, thu c 3 gam hn hp cht rn X. Ha tan ht hn

hp X trong dung dch HNO3 (d), thot ra 0,56 lt ( ktc) NO (l sn phm kh
duy nht). Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,52 gam. B. 2,22 gam.
C. 2,62 gam.
D. 2,32 gam.
Hng dn gii
HNO3 d
m gam Fe + O2 3 gam hn hp cht rn X
0,56 lt NO.
Thc cht cc qu trnh oxi ha - kh trn l:

Cho e:
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
m
56
Nhn e:
O2
3m
mol e
56
4e
2O2
N+5 + 3e
4(3 m)
3 m
mol e
32
32
N+2
0,075 mol 0,025 mol
4(3 m)
3m
=
+ 0,075
32
56
m = 2,52 gam. (p n A)
V d 10: Hn hp X gm hai kim loi A v B ng trc H trong dy in ha v c ha tr

khng i trong cc hp cht. Chia m gam X thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: Ha tan hon ton trong dung dch cha axit HCl v H2SO4 long to ra
3,36 lt kh H2.
- Phn 2: Tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 thu c V lt kh NO (sn
phm kh duy nht).
Bit cc th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun. Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
Hng dn gii
t hai kim loi A, B l M.
- Phn 1: M + nH+ Mn+ +
n
H2
2
(1)
- Phn 2: 3M + 4nH+ + nNO3 3Mn+ + nNO + 2nH2O
(2)
Theo (1): S mol e ca M cho bng s mol e ca 2H nhn;

Theo (2): S mol e ca M cho bng s mol e ca N+5 nhn.
Vy s mol e nhn ca 2H+ bng s mol e nhn ca N+5.
2H+ + 2e H2
N+5 + 3e
0,3 0,15 mol
0,3
N+2
0,1 mol
VNO = 0,122,4 = 2,24 lt. (p n A)
V d 11: Cho m gam bt Fe vo dung dch HNO3 ly d, ta c hn hp gm hai kh NO2

v NO c VX = 8,96 lt (ktc) v t khi i vi O2 bng 1,3125. Xc nh %NO v
%NO2 theo th tch trong hn hp X v khi lng m ca Fe dng?
23
A. 25% v 75%; 1,12 gam.
B. 25% v 75%; 11,2 gam.
C. 35% v 65%; 11,2 gam.
D. 45% v 55%; 1,12 gam.
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
nX = 0,4 mol; MX = 42.
S ng cho:
42 30 12
NO2 : 46
42
46 42 4
NO : 30
n NO2 : n NO 12 : 4 3
n NO2 n NO 0,4 mol
n NO 0,1 mol
n NO2 0,3 mol
v Fe 3e Fe3+
3x
%VNO 25%
%VNO2 75%
N+5 + 3e N+2
N+5 + 1e N+4
0,3 0,1
0,3 0,3
Theo nh lut bo ton electron:

3x = 0,6 mol x = 0,2 mol
mFe = 0,256 = 11,2 gam. (p p B).
V d 12: Cho 3 kim loi Al, Fe, Cu vo 2 lt dung dch HNO3 phn ng va thu c
1,792 lt kh X (ktc) gm N2 v NO2 c t khi hi so vi He bng 9,25. Nng
mol/lt HNO3 trong dung dch u l
A. 0,28M.
B. 1,4M.
C. 1,7M.
D. 1,2M.
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
M X 9,25 4 37
N2
M NO2
l trung bnh cng khi lng phn t ca hai kh N2 v NO2 nn:

n N 2 n NO2
nX
0,04 mol
2
NO3 + 10e N2
0,08 0,4 0,04 mol
NO3 + 1e NO2
0,04 0,04 0,04 mol
M Mn+ + n.e
0,04 mol
n HNO3 (b kh) 0,12 mol.
Nhn nh mi: Kim loi nhng bao nhiu electron th cng nhn by nhiu gc NO3
to mui.
24
n HNO3 ( to mui ) n.e ( nhng) n.e ( nhn) 0,04 0,4 0,44 mol.
Do :
n HNO3 ( phn ng ) 0,44 0,12 0,56 mol
HNO3
0,56
0,28M. (p n A)
2
V d 13: Khi cho 9,6 gam Mg tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 m c, thy c 49 gam
H2SO4 tham gia phn ng, to mui MgSO4, H2O v sn phm kh X. X l
A. SO2
C. H2S
B. S
D. SO2, H2S
Hng dn gii
Dung dch H2SO4 m c va l cht oxi ha va l mi trng.
Gi a l s oxi ha ca S trong X.
Mg Mg2+ + 2e
0,4 mol
S+6 + (6-a)e S a
0,8 mol
Tng s mol H2SO4 dng l :
0,1 mol
0,1(6-a) mol
49
0,5 (mol)
98
S mol H2SO4 dng to mui bng s mol Mg = 9,6 : 24 = 0,4 mol.

S mol H2SO4 dng oxi ha Mg l:
0,5 0,4 = 0,1 mol.
Ta c: 0,1(6 a) = 0,8 x = 2. Vy X l H2S. (p n C)
V d 14: a gam bt st ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian s chuyn thnh hn hp A c
khi lng l 75,2 gam gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4. Cho hn hp A phn ng
ht vi dung dch H2SO4 m c, nng thu c 6,72 lt kh SO2 (ktc). Khi
lng a gam l:
A. 56 gam. B. 11,2 gam.
C. 22,4 gam.
D. 25,3 gam.
Hng dn gii
S mol Fe ban u trong a gam: n Fe
S mol O2 tham gia phn ng: n O2
75,2 a
mol.
32
Fe Fe3 3e
a
3a
mol
mol
56
56
Qu trnh oxi ha:
S mol e nhng: n e
a
mol.
56
(1)
3a
mol
56
Qu trnh kh:
O2 + 4e 2O2
(2)
SO42 + 4H+ + 2e SO2 + 2H2O
(3)
T (2), (3) n echo 4n O2 2nSO2

4
75,2 a
3a
2 0,3
32
56
25
a = 56 gam. (p n A)
V d 15: Cho 1,35 gam hn hp A gm Cu, Mg, Al tc dng vi HNO3 d c 1,12 lt NO

v NO2 (ktc) c khi lng mol trung bnh l 42,8. Tng khi lng mui nitrat
sinh ra l:
A. 9,65 gam
B. 7,28 gam
C. 4,24 gam
D. 5,69 gam
Hng dn gii
Da vo s ng cho tnh c s mol NO v NO2 ln lt l 0,01 v 0,04 mol. Ta
c cc bn phn ng:
NO3 + 4H+ + 3e NO + 2H2O
NO3 + 2H+ + 1e NO2 + H2O
Nh vy, tng electron nhn l 0,07 mol.
Gi x, y, z ln lt l s mol Cu, Mg, Al c trong 1,35 gam hn hp kim loi. Ta c cc
bn phn ng:
Cu Cu2+ + 2e
Mg Mg2+ + 2e
Al Al3+ + 3e
2x + 2y + 3z = 0,07.
Khi lng mui nitrat sinh ra l:

m = mCu( NO3 )2 + mMg( NO3 )2 + m Al( NO3 )3
= 1,35 + 62(2x + 2y + 3z)
= 1,35 + 62 0,07 = 5,69 gam.
MT S BI TP VN DNG GIAI THEO PHNG PHP BO
TOM MOL ELECTRON
01. Ho tan hon ton m gam Al vo dung dch HNO3 rt long th thu c hn hp gm
0,015 mol kh N2O v 0,01mol kh NO (phn ng khng to NH4NO3). Gi tr ca m l
A. 13,5 gam.
B. 1,35 gam.
C. 0,81 gam.
D. 8,1 gam.
02. Cho mt lung CO i qua ng s ng 0,04 mol hn hp A gm FeO v Fe2O3 t nng.

Sau khi kt thc th nghim thu c cht rn B gm 4 cht nng 4,784 gam. Kh i ra
khi ng s hp th vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, th thu c 4,6 gam kt ta. Phn trm
khi lng FeO trong hn hp A l
A. 68,03%.
B. 13,03%.
C. 31,03%.
D. 68,97%.
03. Mt hn hp gm hai bt kim loi Mg v Al c chia thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: cho tc dng vi HCl d thu c 3,36 lt H2.
- Phn 2: ho tan ht trong HNO3 long d thu c V lt mt kh khng mu, ho nu
trong khng kh (cc th tch kh u o ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,6 lt.
04. Dung dch X gm AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 c cng nng . Ly mt lng hn hp gm 0,03

mol Al; 0,05 mol Fe cho vo 100 ml dung dch X cho ti kh phn ng kt thc thu c
cht rn Y cha 3 kim loi.Cho Y vo HCl d gii phng 0,07 gam kh. Nng ca hai
mui l
26
A. 0,3M.
B. 0,4M.
C. 0,42M.
D. 0,45M.
05. Cho 1,35 gam hn hp Cu, Mg, Al tc dng vi HNO3 d c 896 ml hn hp gm NO v

NO2 c M 42 . Tnh tng khi lng mui nitrat sinh ra (kh ktc).
A. 9,41 gam. B. 10,08 gam.
C. 5,07 gam.
D. 8,15 gam.
06. Ha tan ht 4,43 gam hn hp Al v Mg trong HNO3 long thu c dung dch A v
1,568 lt (ktc) hn hp hai kh (u khng mu) c khi lng 2,59 gam trong c mt
kh b ha thnh mu nu trong khng kh. Tnh s mol HNO3 phn ng.
A. 0,51 mol.
B. A. 0,45 mol. C. 0,55 mol. D. 0,49 mol.
07. Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm ba kim loi bng dung dch HNO3 thu c 1,12 lt
hn hp kh D (ktc) gm NO2 v NO. T khi hi ca D so vi hiro bng 18,2. Tnh th
tch ti thiu dung dch HNO3 37,8% (d = 1,242g/ml) cn dng.
A. 20,18 ml.
B. 11,12 ml.
C. 21,47 ml.
D. 36,7 ml.
08. Ha tan 6,25 gam hn hp Zn v Al vo 275 ml dung dch HNO3 thu c dung dch A,
cht rn B gm cc kim loi cha tan ht cn nng 2,516 gam v 1,12 lt hn hp kh D (
ktc) gm NO v NO2. T khi ca hn hp D so vi H2 l 16,75. Tnh nng mol/l ca
HNO3 v tnh khi lng mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch sau phn ng.
A. 0,65M v 11,794 gam.
B. 0,65M v 12,35 gam.
C. 0,75M v 11,794 gam.
D. 0,55M v 12.35 gam.
09. t chy 5,6 gam bt Fe trong bnh ng O2 thu c 7,36 gam hn hp A gm Fe2O3,
Fe3O4 v Fe. Ha tan hon ton lng hn hp A bng dung dch HNO 3 thu c V lt
hn hp kh B gm NO v NO2. T khi ca B so vi H2 bng 19. Th tch V ktc l
A. 672 ml.
B. 336 ml.
C. 448 ml.
D. 896 ml.
10. Cho a gam hn hp A gm oxit FeO, CuO, Fe2O3 c s mol bng nhau tc dng hon ton
vi lng va l 250 ml dung dch HNO3 khi un nng nh, thu c dung dch B v
3,136 lt (ktc) hn hp kh C gm NO2 v NO c t khi so vi hiro l 20,143. Tnh a.
A. 74,88 gam. B. 52,35 gam. C. 61,79 gam.
D. 72,35 gam.
p n cc bi tp vn dng
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. A
9. D
10. A
27
Phng php 4
S DNG PHNG TRNH ION - ELETRON
lm tt cc bi ton bng phng php ion iu u tin cc bn phi nm chc
phng trnh phn ng di dng cc phn t t suy ra cc phng trnh ion, i khi c
mt s bi tp khng th gii theo cc phng trnh phn t c m phi gii da theo
phng trnh ion. Vic gii bi ton ha hc bng phng php ion gip chng ta hiu k hn
v bn cht ca cc phng trnh ha hc. T mt phng trnh ion c th ng vi rt nhiu
phng trnh phn t. V d phn ng gia hn hp dung dch axit vi dung dch baz u c
chung mt phng trnh ion l
H+ + OH H2O
hoc phn ng ca Cu kim loi vi hn hp dung dch NaNO3 v dung dch H2SO4 l
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O...
Sau y l mt s v d:
V d 1: Hn hp X gm (Fe, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO) vi s mol mi cht l 0,1 mol, ha tan ht
vo dung dch Y gm (HCl v H2SO4 long) d thu c dung dch Z. Nh t t
dung dch Cu(NO3)2 1M vo dung dch Z cho ti khi ngng thot kh NO. Th tch
dung dch Cu(NO3)2 cn dng v th tch kh thot ra ktc thuc phng n no?
A. 25 ml; 1,12 lt.
B. 0,5 lt; 22,4 lt.
C. 50 ml; 2,24 lt.
D. 50 ml; 1,12 lt.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp 0,1 mol Fe2O3 v 0,1 mol FeO thnh 0,1 mol Fe3O4.
Hn hp X gm: (Fe3O4 0,2 mol; Fe 0,1 mol) tc dng vi dung dch Y
Fe3O4 + 8H+ Fe2+
0,2
+ 2Fe3+ + 4H2O
0,2
0,4 mol
Fe + 2H+ Fe2+ + H2
0,1
0,1 mol
Dung dch Z: (Fe2+: 0,3 mol; Fe3+: 0,4 mol) + Cu(NO3)2:

3Fe2+ + NO3 + 4H+ 3Fe3+ + NO + 2H2O
0,3
0,1
VNO = 0,122,4 = 2,24 lt.

n Cu( NO3 )2
0,1 mol
1
n 0,05 mol
2 NO3
Vdd Cu( NO3 )2
0,05
0,05 lt (hay 50 ml). (p n C)
1
V d 2: Ha tan 0,1 mol Cu kim loi trong 120 ml dung dch X gm HNO3 1M v H2SO4
0,5M. Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c V lt kh NO duy nht (ktc).
Gi tr ca V l
28
A. 1,344 lt. B. 1,49 lt.
C. 0,672 lt.
D. 1,12 lt.
Hng dn gii
n H2SO4 0,06 mol
n HNO3 0,12 mol ;

Tng: n H 0,24 mol
n NO 0,12 mol.
3
Phng trnh ion:

8H+ + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O
3Cu
Ban u:
0,1
0,24 0,12 mol
Phn ng:
0,09
0,24 0,06
Sau phn ng: 0,01 (d) (ht)
0,06 mol
0,06 (d)
VNO = 0,0622,4 = 1,344 lt. (p n A)
V d 3: Dung dch X cha dung dch NaOH 0,2M v dung dch Ca(OH) 2 0,1M. Sc 7,84 lt
kh CO2 (ktc) vo 1 lt dung dch X th lng kt ta thu c l
A. 15 gam.
B. 5 gam.
C. 10 gam.
D. 0 gam.
Hng dn gii
nCO2 = 0,35 mol ; nNaOH = 0,2 mol; n Ca(OH)2 = 0,1 mol.

Tng: n OH = 0,2 + 0,12 = 0,4 mol v nCa2 = 0,1 mol.
Phng trnh ion rt gn:
CO2 + 2OH CO32 + H2O
0,35
0,4
0,2
0,4
0,2 mol
n CO2 ( d ) = 0,35 0,2 = 0,15 mol
tip tc xy ra phn ng:

CO32 + CO2 + H2O 2HCO3
Ban u:
0,2
Phn ng:
0,15 0,15 mol
0,15 mol
n CO2 cn li bng 0,15 mol

3
n CaCO3 = 0,05 mol
mCaCO3 = 0,05100 = 5 gam. (p n B)
V d 4: Ha tan ht hn hp gm mt kim loi kim v mt kim loi kim th trong nc

c dung dch A v c 1,12 lt H2 bay ra ( ktc). Cho dung dch cha 0,03 mol
AlCl3 vo dung dch A. khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 0,78 gam.
B. 1,56 gam. C. 0,81 gam.
D. 2,34 gam.
Hng dn gii
Phn ng ca kim loi kim v kim loi kim th vi H2O:
29
M + nH2O M(OH)n +
n
H2
2
T phng trnh ta c:
nOH 2n H2 = 0,1mol.
Dung dch A tc dng vi 0,03 mol dung dch AlCl3:
Al3+ + 3OH Al(OH)3
Ban u:
0,03
Phn ng:
0,03 0,09
0,1 mol
0,03 mol
n OH ( d ) = 0,01mol
tip tc ha tan kt ta theo phng trnh:

Al(OH)3 + OH AlO2 + 2H2O
0,01 0,01 mol
Vy:
m Al(OH)3 = 780,02 = 1,56 gam. (p n B)
V d 5: Dung dch A cha 0,01 mol Fe(NO3)3 v 0,15 mol HCl c kh nng ha tan ti a bao
nhiu gam Cu kim loi? (Bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht)
A. 2,88 gam.
B. 3,92 gam.
C. 3,2 gam.
D. 5,12 gam.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh ion:
Cu + 2Fe3+ 2Fe2+ + Cu2+
0,005 0,01 mol
3Cu
Ban u:
Phn ng:
8H+ + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O

0,15
0,045
0,03 mol
H+ d
0,12 0,03 mol
mCu ti a = (0,045 + 0,005) 64 = 3,2 gam. (p n C)
V d 6: Cho hn hp gm NaCl v NaBr tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d thu c kt ta

c khi lng ng bng khi lng AgNO3 phn ng. Tnh phn trm khi
lng NaCl trong hn hp u.
A. 23,3%
B. 27,84%.
C. 43,23%.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh ion:
Ag+ + Cl AgCl
Ag+ + Br AgBr
t:
nNaCl = x mol ; nNaBr = y mol

mAgCl + mAgBr = m AgNO3( p. )
mCl m Br m NO
3
30
D. 31,3%.
35,5x + 80y = 62(x + y)
x : y = 36 : 53
Chn x = 36, y = 53
%m NaCl
58,5 36 100
= 27,84%. (p n B)
58,5 36 103 53
V d 7: Trn 100 ml dung dch A (gm KHCO3 1M v K2CO3 1M) vo 100 ml dung dch B
(gm NaHCO3 1M v Na2CO3 1M) thu c dung dch C.
Nh t t 100 ml dung dch D (gm H2SO4 1M v HCl 1M) vo dung dch C thu
c V lt CO2 (ktc) v dung dch E. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 ti d vo dung dch
E th thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m v V ln lt l
A. 82,4 gam v 2,24 lt.
B. 4,3 gam v 1,12 lt.
C. 43 gam v 2,24 lt.
D. 3,4 gam v 5,6 lt.
Hng dn gii
Dung dch C cha:
HCO3 : 0,2 mol ; CO32 : 0,2 mol.
Dung dch D c tng:
n H = 0,3 mol.
Nh t t dung dch C v dung dch D:

CO32 + H+ HCO3
0,2 0,2
0,2 mol
HCO3 + H+ H2O + CO2

Ban u:
0,4
Phn ng:
D:
0,1 mol
0,1 0,1
0,3 mol
0,1 mol
Tip tc cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch E:

Ba2+
+ HCO3 + OH BaCO3 + H2O
0,3
2+
Ba
+ SO4
0,1
0,3 mol
BaSO4
0,1 mol
VCO2 = 0,122,4 = 2,24 lt.
Tng khi lng kt ta:

m = 0,3197 + 0,1233 = 82,4 gam. (p n A)
V d 8: Ha tan hon ton 7,74 gam mt hn hp gm Mg, Al bng 500 ml dung dch gm
H2SO4 0,28M v HCl 1M thu c 8,736 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch X.
Thm V lt dung dch cha ng thi NaOH 1M v Ba(OH)2 0,5M vo dung dch X
thu c lng kt ta ln nht.
a) S gam mui thu c trong dung dch X l
A. 38,93 gam.
B. 38,95 gam.
C. 38,97 gam.
D. 38,91 gam.
31
b) Th tch V l
A. 0,39 lt.
B. 0,4 lt.
C. 0,41 lt.
D. 0,42 lt.
c) Lng kt ta l
A. 54,02 gam.
B. 53,98 gam.
C. 53,62 gam.D. 53,94 gam.

Hng dn gii
a) Xc nh khi lng mui thu c trong dung dch X:
n H2SO4 = 0,280,5 = 0,14 mol
nSO2 = 0,14 mol v
n H = 0,28 mol.
nHCl = 0,5 mol
Vy tng
n H = 0,5 mol
n Cl = 0,5 mol.
n H = 0,28 + 0,5 = 0,78 mol.
M n H2 = 0,39 mol. Theo phng trnh ion rt gn:

Mg0 + 2H+ Mg2+ + H2
(1)
3
H2
2
(2)
Al + 3H+ Al3+ +
Ta thy
n H (p-) 2n H2
H+ ht.
mhh mui = mhh k.loi + mSO2 mCl

4
= 7,74 + 0,1496 + 0,535,5 = 38,93gam. (p n A)

b) Xc nh th tch V:
n NaOH
n Ba(OH)2
1V mol
0,5V mol
Tng n OH = 2V mol v n Ba2 = 0,5V mol.

Phng trnh to kt ta:
Ba2+
0,5V mol
2+
Mg
Al
3+
+
+
SO42
BaSO4
(3)
0,14 mol
2OH
Mg(OH)2
(4)
Al(OH)3
(5)
3OH
kt ta t ln nht th s mol OH kt ta ht cc ion Mg2+ v Al3+. Theo cc

phng trnh phn ng (1), (2), (4), (5) ta c:
n H = n OH = 0,78 mol
2V = 0,78
c) Xc nh lng kt ta:
32
V = 0,39 lt. (p n A)
n Ba2 = 0,5V = 0,50,39 = 0,195 mol > 0,14 mol Ba2+ d.
m BaSO4 = 0,14233 = 32,62 gam.
Vy
mkt ta = m BaSO4 + m 2 k.loi + m OH

= 32,62 + 7,74 + 0,78 17 = 53,62 gam. (p n C)
V d 9: (Cu 40 - M 182 - TS i Hc - Khi A 2007)

Cho m gam hn hp Mg, Al vo 250 ml dung dch X cha hn hp axit HCl 1M v
axit H2SO4 0,5M, thu c 5,32 lt H2 ( ktc) v dung dch Y (coi th tch dung
dch khng i). Dung dch Y c pH l
A. 1.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 2.
Hng dn gii
nHCl = 0,25 mol ; n H2SO4 = 0,125.
Tng: n H = 0,5 mol ;
n H2 ( to thnh ) = 0,2375 mol.

Bit rng: c 2 mol ion H+ 1 mol H2
vy 0,475 mol H+ 0,2375 mol H2
n H ( d ) = 0,5 0,475 = 0,025 mol
0,025
H
= 0,1 = 101M pH = 1. (p n A)
0,25
V d 10: (Cu 40 - M 285 - Khi B - TSH 2007)

Thc hin hai th nghim:
1) Cho 3,84 gam Cu phn ng vi 80 ml dung dch HNO3 1M thot ra V1 lt NO.
2) Cho 3,84 gam Cu phn ng vi 80 ml dung dch cha HNO3 1M v H2SO4 0,5
M thot ra V2 lt NO.
Bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht, cc th tch kh o cng iu kin. Quan h
gia V1 v V2 l
A. V2 = V1.
B. V2 = 2V1. C. V2 = 2,5V1. D. V2 = 1,5V1.
Hng dn gii
TN1:
3,84
0,06 mol
n Cu
64
n HNO 0,08 mol
n H 0,08 mol
n NO3 0,08 mol
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O

Ban u:
0,06
Phn ng:
0,03 0,08 0,02
0,08
0,08 mol
H+ phn ng ht
0,02 mol
V1 tng ng vi 0,02 mol NO.
33
TN2:
nCu = 0,06 mol ; n HNO3 = 0,08 mol ; n H2SO4 = 0,04 mol.
Tng: n H = 0,16 mol ;
n NO = 0,08 mol.
3
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O

Ban u:
0,06
Phn ng:
0,06 0,16 0,04
0,16
0,08 mol
Cu v H+ phn ng ht
0,04 mol
Nh vy V2 = 2V1. (p n B)
V d 11: (Cu 33 - M 285 - Khi B - TSH 2007)
Trn 100 ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dung dch
(gm H2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M), thu c dung dch X. Gi tr pH ca
dung dch X l
B. 2.
A. 7.
C. 1.
D. 6.
Hng dn gii
n Ba (OH )2 0,01 mol
Tng n OH = 0,03 mol.
n NaOH 0,01 mol
n H2SO4 0,015 mol
Tng n H = 0,035 mol.
n HCl 0,005 mol
Khi trn hn hp dung dch baz vi hn hp dung dch axit ta c phng trnh ion rt
gn:
H+ + OH
Bt u
0,035
Phn ng:
0,03 0,03
H2O
0,03 mol
Sau phn ng: n H ( d ) = 0,035 0,03 = 0,005 mol.

Tng: Vdd (sau trn) = 500 ml (0,5 lt).
0,005
H
= 0,01 = 102
0,5
pH = 2. (p n B)
V d 12: (Cu 18 - M 231 - TS Cao ng - Khi A 2007)

Cho mt mu hp kim Na-Ba tc dng vi nc (d), thu c dung dch X v
3,36 lt H2 ( ktc). Th tch dung dch axit H2SO4 2M cn dng trung ho dung
dch X l
A. 150 ml.
B. 75 ml.
C. 60 ml.
Hng dn gii
Na + H2O NaOH +
1
H2
2
Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2
34
D. 30 ml.
n H2 = 0,15 mol, theo phng trnh tng s n OH (d2X) 2n H2 = 0,3 mol.

Phng trnh ion rt gn ca dung dch axit vi dung dch baz l
H+ + OH H2O
n H = n OH = 0,3 mol
VH2SO4
n H2SO4 = 0,15 mol
0,15
= 0,075 lt (75 ml). (p n B)
2
V d 13: Ha tan hn hp X gm hai kim loi A v B trong dung dch HNO3 long. Kt thc
phn ng thu c hn hp kh Y (gm 0,1 mol NO, 0,15 mol NO2 v 0,05 mol
N2O). Bit rng khng c phn ng to mui NH4NO3. S mol HNO3 phn ng
l:
A. 0,75 mol.
B. 0,9 mol.
D. 1,2 mol.
C. 1,05 mol.
Hng dn gii
Ta c bn phn ng:
NO3 + 2H+ + 1e NO2 + H2O
2 0,15
(1)
0,15
NO3 + 4H+ + 3e NO + 2H2O

4 0,1
(2)
0,1
2NO3 + 10H+ + 8e N2O + 5H2O

10 0,05
(3)
0,05
T (1), (2), (3) nhn c:
n HNO3 p n H = 2 0,15 4 0,1 10 0,05 = 1,2 mol. (p n D)

V d 14: Cho 12,9 gam hn hp Al v Mg phn ng vi dung dch hn hp hai axit HNO3 v
H2SO4 (c nng) thu c 0,1 mol mi kh SO2, NO, NO2. C cn dung dch sau
phn ng khi lng mui khan thu c l:
A. 31,5 gam.
C. 47,3 gam. D. 34,9 gam.
B. 37,7 gam.
Hng dn gii
Ta c bn phn ng:
2NO3 + 2H+ + 1e NO2 + H2O + NO3
0,1
(1)
0,1
4NO3 + 4H + 3e NO + 2H2O + 3NO3(2)

+
0,1
2SO4
3 0,1
+ 4H + 2e SO2 + H2O + SO42

+
0,1
(3)
0,1
T (1), (2), (3) s mol NO3 to mui bng 0,1 + 3 0,1 = 0,4 mol;
s mol SO42 to mui bng 0,1 mol.
mmui = mk.loi + m NO + mSO2

3
35
= 12,9 + 62 0,4 + 96 0,1 = 47,3. (p n C)

V d 15: Ha tan 10,71 gam hn hp gm Al, Zn, Fe trong 4 lt dung dch HNO3 aM va
thu c dung dch A v 1,792 lt hn hp kh gm N2 v N2O c t l mol 1:1. C
cn dung dch A thu c m (gam.) mui khan. gi tr ca m, a l:
A. 55,35 gam. v 2,2M
B. 55,35 gam. v 0,22M
C. 53,55 gam. v 2,2M
D. 53,55 gam. v 0,22M
Hng dn gii
n N 2O n N 2
1,792
0,04 mol.
2 22,4
Ta c bn phn ng:
2NO3 + 12H+ + 10e N2 + 6H2O
0,08
0,48
0,04
2NO3 + 10H+ + 8e N2O + 5H2O

0,08
0,4
0,04
n HNO3 n H 0,88 mol.
0,88
0,22 M.
4
S mol NO3 to mui bng 0,88 (0,08 + 0,08) = 0,72 mol.

Khi lng mui bng 10,71 + 0,72 62 = 55,35 gam. (p n B)
V d 16: Ha tan 5,95 gam hn hp Zn, Al c t l mol l 1:2 bng dung dch HNO3 long
d thu c 0,896 lt mt sn shm kh X duy nht cha nit. X l:
A. N2O
B. N2
D. NH4+
C. NO
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
nZn = 0,05 mol; nAl = 0,1 mol.
Gi a l s mol ca NxOy, ta c:
Zn Zn2+ + 2e
Al Al3+ + 3e
0,05
0,1
0,1
0,3
xNO3 + (6x 2y)H+ + (5x 2y)e NxOy + (3x 2y)H2O

0,04(5x 2y)
0,04
0,04(5x 2y) = 0,4 5x 2y = 10
Vy X l N2. (p n B)
V d 17: Cho hn hp gm 0,15 mol CuFeS2 v 0,09 mol Cu2FeS2 tc dng vi dung dch
HNO3 d thu c dung dch X v hn hp kh Y gm NO v NO2. Thm BaCl2
d vo dung dch X thu c m gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu thm Ba(OH)2 d vo
dung dch X, ly kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c
a gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m v a l:
36
A. 111,84g v 157,44g
B. 111,84g v 167,44g
C. 112,84g v 157,44g
A. 112,84g v 167,44g
Hng dn gii
Ta c bn phn ng:
CuFeS2 + 8H2O 17e Cu2+ + Fe3+ + 2SO42 + 16+
0,15
0,15
0,15
0,3
Cu2FeS2 + 8H2O 19e 2Cu2+ + Fe3+ + 2SO42 + 16+

0,09
0,18
0,09
0,18
nSO2 0,48 mol;

4
Ba2+ + SO42 BaSO4

0,48
0,48
m = 0,48 233 = 111,84 gam.

nCu = 0,33 mol; nFe = 0,24 mol.
Cu CuO
2Fe Fe2O3
0,33
0,24
0,33
0,12
a = 0,33 80 + 0,12 160 + 111,84 = 157,44 gam. (p n A).
V d 18: Ha tan 4,76 gam hn hp Zn, Al c t l mol 1:2 trong 400ml dung dch HNO3 1M
va , dc dung dch X cha m gam mui khan v thy c kh thot ra. Gi tr
ca m l:
A. 25.8 gam.
B. 26,9 gam.
C. 27,8 gam. D. 28,8 gam.
Hng dn gii
nZn = 0,04 mol; nAl = 0,08 mol.
- Do phn ng khng to kh nn trong dung dch to NH4NO3. Trong dung dch c:
0,04 mol Zn(NO3)2 v 0,08 mol Al(NO3)3
Vy s mol NO3 cn li to NH4NO3 l:
0,4 0,04 2 0,08 3 = 0,08 mol
- Do trong dung dch to 0,04 mol NH4NO3
m = 0,04 189 + 0,08 213 + 0,04 80 = 27,8 gam. (p n C)
37
Phng php 5
S DNG CC GI TR TRUNG BNH
y l mt trong mt s phng php hin i nht cho php gii nhanh chng v n
gin nhiu bi ton ha hc v hn hp cc cht rn, lng cng nh kh.
Nguyn tc ca phng php nh sau: Khi lng phn t trung bnh (KLPTTB) (k
hiu M ) cng nh khi lng nguyn t trung bnh (KLNTTB) chnh l khi lng ca mt
mol hn hp, nn n c tnh theo cng thc:
M
tng khi lng hn hp (tnh theo gam)

.
tng s mol cc cht trong hn hp
M1n1 M 2 n 2 M 3 n 3 ...
n1 n 2 n 3 ...
M n
n
i
(1)
trong M1, M2,... l KLPT (hoc KLNT) ca cc cht trong hn hp; n1, n2,... l s mol
tng ng ca cc cht.
Cng thc (1) c th vit thnh:
M M1 .
n1
n
n
M 2 . 2 M 3 . 3 ...
ni
ni
ni
M M1x1 M2x 2 M3x3 ...
(2)
trong x1, x2,... l % s mol tng ng (cng chnh l % khi lng) ca cc cht. c bit
i vi cht kh th x1, x2, ... cng chnh l % th tch nn cng thc (2) c th vit thnh:
M
M1V1 M 2 V2 M 3V3 ...
V1 V2 V3 ...
M V
V
i
(3)
trong V1, V2,... l th tch ca cc cht kh. Nu hn hp ch c 2 cht th cc cng thc

(1), (2), (3) tng ng tr thnh (1), (2), (3) nh sau:
M
M1n1 M 2 (n n1 )
n
(1)
trong n l tng s s mol ca cc cht trong hn hp,

M M1x1 M 2 (1 x1 )
(2)
trong con s 1 ng vi 100% v

M
M1V1 M 2 (V V1 )
V
(3)
trong V1 l th tch kh th nht v V l tng th tch hn hp.

T cng thc tnh KLPTTB ta suy ra cc cng thc tnh KLNTTB.
Vi cc cng thc:
Cx H yO z ; n1 mol
Cx H yO z ; n 2 mol
ta c:
38
- Nguyn t cacbon trung bnh:

x
x1n1 x 2 n 2 ...
n1 n 2 ...
- Nguyn t hiro trung bnh:
y1n1 y 2 n 2 ...
n1 n 2 ...
v i khi tnh c c s lin kt , s nhm chc trung bnh theo cng thc trn.
V d 1: Ha tan hon ton 2,84 gam hn hp hai mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi phn nhm
IIA v thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon bng dung dch HCl ta thu
c dung dch X v 672 ml CO2 ( ktc).
1. Hy xc nh tn cc kim loi.
B. Mg, Ca.
A. Be, Mg.
C. Ca, Ba.
D. Ca, Sr.
2. C cn dung dch X th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?

A. 2 gam.
C. 3,17 gam. D. 2,95 gam.
B. 2,54 gam.
Hng dn gii
1. Gi A, B l cc kim loi cn tm. Cc phng trnh phn ng l
ACO3 + 2HCl ACl2 + H2O + CO2
(1)
BCO3 + 2HCl BCl2 + H2O + CO2
(2)
(C th gi M l kim loi i din cho 2 kim loi A, B lc ch

cn vit mt phng trnh phn ng).
Theo cc phn ng (1), (2) tng s mol cc mui cacbonat bng:
n CO2
0,672
0,03 mol.
22,4
Vy KLPTTB ca cc mui cacbonat l

M
2,84
94,67
0,03
MA,B 94,67 60 34,67
V thuc 2 chu k lin tip nn hai kim loi l Mg (M = 24) v Ca (M = 40). (p n B)

2. KLPTTB ca cc mui clorua:
Mmui clorua 34,67 71 105,67 .

Khi lng mui clorua khan l 105,670,03 = 3,17 gam. (p n C)
63
65
V d 2: Trong t nhin, ng (Cu) tn ti di hai dng ng v 29
Cu v 29
Cu . KLNT (xp
x khi lng trung bnh) ca Cu l 63,55. Tnh % v khi lng ca mi loi ng
v.
A. 65Cu: 27,5% ;
65
B. Cu: 70% ;
63
Cu: 72,5%.
63
Cu: 30%.
65
C. Cu: 72,5% ;
63
D. 65Cu: 30% ;
Cu: 70%.
63
Cu: 27,5%.
39
Hng dn gii
Gi x l % ca ng v
65
29
Cu ta c phng trnh:
M = 63,55 = 65.x + 63(1 x)
x = 0,275
Vy: ng v 65Cu chim 27,5% v ng v 63Cu chim 72,5%. (p n C)

V d 3: Hn hp kh SO2 v O2 c t khi so vi CH4 bng 3. Cn thm bao nhiu lt O2 vo
20 lt hn hp kh cho t khi so vi CH4 gim i 1/6, tc bng 2,5. Cc hn
hp kh cng iu kin nhit v p sut.
A. 10 lt.
B. 20 lt.
C. 30 lt.
D. 40 lt.
Hng dn gii
Cch 1: Gi x l % th tch ca SO2 trong hn hp ban u, ta c:
M = 163 = 48 = 64.x + 32(1 x)
x = 0,5
Vy: mi kh chim 50%. Nh vy trong 20 lt, mi kh chim 10 lt.

Gi V l s lt O2 cn thm vo, ta c:
M 2,5 16 40
64 10 32(10 V)
.
20 V
Gii ra c V = 20 lt. (p n B)
Cch 2:
Ghi ch: C th coi hn hp kh nh mt kh c KLPT chnh bng KLPT trung bnh ca
hn hp, v d, c th xem khng kh nh mt kh vi KLPT l 29.
Hn hp kh ban u coi nh kh th nht (20 lt c M = 163 = 48), cn O2 thm vo
coi nh kh th hai, ta c phng trnh:
M 2,5 16 40
48 20 32V
,
20 V
Rt ra V = 20 lt. (p n B)
V d 4: C 100 gam dung dch 23% ca mt axit n chc (dung dch A). Thm 30 gam mt
axit ng ng lin tip vo dung dch ta c dung dch B. Trung ha 1/10 dung
dch B bng 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M (va ) ta c dung dch C.
1. Hy xc nh CTPT ca cc axit.
A. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
D. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH.
2. C cn dung dch C th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 5,7 gam.
B. 7,5 gam.
Hng dn gii
1. Theo phng php KLPTTB:
40
C. 5,75 gam.
D. 7,55 gam.
1
23
m RCOOH
2,3 gam,
10
10
1
30
m RCH2COOH
3 gam.
10
10
M
2,3 3
53 .
0,1
Axit duy nht c KLPT < 53 l HCOOH (M = 46) v axit ng ng lin tip phi l
CH3COOH (M = 60). (p n A)
2. Theo phng php KLPTTB:
V Maxit = 53 nn Mmui = 53+23 1 75 . V s mol mui bng s mol axit bng 0,1 nn
tng khi lng mui bng 750,1 = 7,5 gam. (p n B)
V d 5: C V lt kh A gm H2 v hai olefin l ng ng lin tip, trong H2 chim 60%
v th tch. Dn hn hp A qua bt Ni nung nng c hn hp kh B. t chy
hon ton kh B c 19,8 gam CO2 v 13,5 gam H2O. Cng thc ca hai olefin l
A. C2H4 v C3H6.
B. C3H6 v C4H8.
C. C4H8 v C5H10.
D. C5H10 v C6H12.
Hng dn gii
t CTTB ca hai olefin l C n H 2n .
cng iu kin nhit v p sut th th tch t l vi s mol kh.
Hn hp kh A c:
n Cn H 2 n
n H2
0,4 2
.
0,6 3
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng v nh lut bo ton nguyn t t chy hn

hp kh B cng chnh l t chy hn hp kh A. Ta c:
C n H 2n +
3n
O2 n CO2 + n H2O
2
2H2 + O2 2H2O
(1)
(2)
Theo phng trnh (1) ta c:
nCO2 n H2O = 0,45 mol.

0,45
mol.
n
n Cn H 2 n
Tng:
n H 2O
n H2O (pt 2) = 0,75 0,45 = 0,3 mol
n H2 = 0,3 mol.
Ta c:
n Cn H 2 n
n H2
13,5
= 0,75 mol
18
0,45
2
0,3 n 3
41
n = 2,25
Hai olefin ng ng lin tip l C2H4 v C3H6. (p n B)

V d 6: t chy hon ton a gam hn hp hai ru no, n chc lin tip trong dy ng
ng thu c 3,584 lt CO2 ktc v 3,96 gam H2O. Tnh a v xc nh CTPT ca
cc ru.
A. 3,32 gam ; CH3OH v C2H5OH.
B. 4,32 gam ; C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. 2,32 gam ; C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. 3,32 gam ; C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
Hng dn gii
Gi n l s nguyn t C trung bnh v x l tng s mol ca hai ru.
3n
O2 nCO2 + (n 1) H 2O
2
CnH2n+1OH +
x mol n x mol (n 1) x mol

n CO2 n.x
3,584
0,16 mol
22,4
n H2O (n 1)x
(1)
3,96
0,22 mol
18
(2)
T (1) v (2) gii ra x = 0,06 v n = 2,67.

Ta c: a = (14 n + 18).x = (142,67) + 180,06 = 3,32 gam.
n = 2,67
C2 H 5OH
C3 H 7OH
(p n D)
V d 7: Hn hp 3 ru n chc A, B, C c tng s mol l 0,08 v khi lng l 3,38 gam.

Xc nh CTPT ca ru B, bit rng B v C c cng s nguyn t cacbon v s
mol ru A bng 5 3 tng s mol ca ru B v C, MB > MC.
A. CH3OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH. D. C4H9OH.
Hng dn gii
Gi M l nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ba ru A, B, C. Ta c:
M
3,38
42,2
0,08
Nh vy phi c t nht mt ru c M < 42,25. Ch c CH3OH c (M = 32)

Ta c:
nA
0,08 5
0,05 ;
53
mA = 320,05 = 1,6 gam.

mB + C = 3,38 1,6 = 1,78 gam;
n B C
42
0,08 3
0,03 mol ;
53
M BC
1,78
59,33 .
0.03
Gi y l s nguyn t H trung bnh trong phn t hai ru B v C. Ta c:
Cx H yOH 59,33
hay 12x + y + 17 = 59,33
12x + y = 42,33
Bin lun:
x
30,33
18,33
6,33
<0
Ch c nghim khi x = 3. B, C phi c mt ru c s nguyn t H < 6,33 v mt ru

c s nguyn t H > 6,33.
Vy ru B l C3H7OH.
C 2 cp nghim: C3H5OH (CH2=CHCH2OH) v C3H7OH
C3H3OH (CHCCH2OH)
v C3H7OH (p n C)
V d 8: Cho 2,84 gam hn hp 2 ru n chc l ng ng lin tip nhau tc dng vi

mt lng Na va to ra 4,6 gam cht rn v V lt kh H2 ktc. Tnh V.
A. 0,896 lt. B. 0,672 lt.
C. 0,448 lt.
D. 0,336 lt.
Hng dn gii
t R l gc hirocacbon trung bnh v x l tng s mol ca 2 ru.
ROH + Na RONa +
1
H2
2
x mol x
x
.
2
Ta c:
R 17 x 2,84
Gii ra c x = 0,08.
R 39 x 4,6
Vy :
VH2
0,08
22,4 0,896 lt. (p n A)
2
V d 9: (Cu 1 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH nm 2007)

Cho 4,48 lt hn hp X ( ktc) gm 2 hirocacbon mch h li t t qua bnh cha
1,4 lt dung dch Br2 0,5M. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, s mol Br2 gim i mt na
v khi lng bnh tng thm 6,7 gam. Cng thc phn t ca 2 hirocacbon l
A. C2H2 v C4H6.
B. C2H2 v C4H8.
C. C3H4 v C4H8.
D. C2H2 v C3H8.
Hng dn gii
n hh X
4,48
0,2 mol
22,4
n Br2 ban u 1,4 0,5 0,7 mol

43
n Br2 p.ng
0,7
= 0,35 mol.
2
Khi lng bnh Br2 tng 6,7 gam l s gam ca hirocabon khng no. t CTTB ca
hai hirocacbon mch h l Cn H 2n 22a ( a l s lin kt trung bnh).
Phng trnh phn ng:
C n H 2n 22 a + aBr2 C n H 2n 22 a Br2 a
0,2 mol 0,35 mol

0,35
= 1,75
0,2
14n 2 2a
6,7
0,2
n = 2,5.
Do hai hirocacbon mch h phn ng hon ton vi dung dch Br2 nn chng u l
hirocacbon khng no. Vy hai hirocacbon l C2H2 v C4H8. (p n B)
V d 10: Tch nc hon ton t hn hp X gm 2 ancol A v B ta c hn hp Y gm cc
olefin. Nu t chy hon ton X th thu c 1,76 gam CO2. Khi t chy hon ton
Y th tng khi lng H2O v CO2 to ra l
B. 2,48 gam. C. 1,76 gam.
A. 2,94 gam.
D. 2,76 gam.
Hng dn gii
Hn hp X gm hai ancol A v B tch nc c olefin (Y) hai ancol l ru no,
n chc.
t CTTB ca hai ancol A, B l C n H 2n 1OH ta c cc phng trnh phn ng sau:
C n H 2n 1OH +
3n
O 2 nCO 2 + (n 1)H 2O
2
2
4
C n H 2n 1OH
C n H 2n + H2O
170o C
H SO
(Y)
C n H 2n +
3n
O 2 nCO 2 + n H 2O
2
Nhn xt:
- Khi t chy X v t chy Y cng cho s mol CO2 nh nhau.
- t chy Y cho nCO2 n H2O .
Vy t chy Y cho tng
CO2
m H2O 0,04 (44 18) 2,48 gam. (p n B)
MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEP PHNG PHP

TRUNG BNH
01. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp hai axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip thu c
3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7 gam H2O. S mol ca mi axit ln lt l
A. 0,05 mol v 0,05 mol.
44
B. 0,045 mol v 0,055 mol.
C. 0,04 mol v 0,06 mol.
D. 0,06 mol v 0,04 mol.
02. C 3 ancol bn khng phi l ng phn ca nhau. t chy mi cht u c s mol CO 2

bng 0,75 ln s mol H2O. 3 ancol l
A. C2H6O; C3H8O; C4H10O.
B. C3H8O; C3H6O2; C4H10O.
C. C3H8O; C3H8O2; C3H8O3.
D. C3H8O; C3H6O; C3H8O2.
03. Cho axit oxalic HOOCCOOH tc dng vi hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, ng ng
lin tip thu c 5,28 gam hn hp 3 este trung tnh. Thy phn lng este trn bng
dung dch NaOH thu c 5,36 gam mui. Hai ru c cng thc
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. C4H9OH v C5H11OH.
04. Nitro ha benzen c 14,1 gam hn hp hai cht nitro c khi lng phn t hn km
nhau 45 vC. t chy hon ton hn hp hai cht nitro ny c 0,07 mol N2. Hai cht
nitro l
A. C6 H5NO2 v C6H4(NO2)2.
B. C6 H4(NO2)2 v C6H3(NO2)3.
C. C6 H3(NO2)3 v C6H2(NO2)4.
D. C6 H2(NO2)4 v C6H(NO2)5.
05. Mt hn hp X gm 2 ancol thuc cng dy ng ng c khi lng 30,4 gam. Chia X
thnh hai phn bng nhau.
- Phn 1: cho tc dng vi Na d, kt thc phn ng thu c 3,36 lt H2 (ktc).
- Phn 2: tch nc hon ton 180oC, xc tc H2SO4 c thu c mt anken cho hp
th vo bnh ng dung dch Brom d thy c 32 gam Br2 b mt mu. CTPT hai ancol
trn l
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. CH3OH v C3H7OH.
D. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
06. Chia hn hp gm 2 anehit no n chc lm hai phn bng nhau:

- Phn 1: em t chy hon ton thu c 1,08 gam nc.
- Phn 2: tc dng vi H2 d (Ni, to) th thu c hn hp A. em A t chy hon ton
th th tch kh CO2 (ktc) thu c l
A. 1,434 lt.
B. 1,443 lt.
C. 1,344 lt.
D. 1,444 lt.
07. Tch nc hon ton t hn hp Y gm hai ru A, B ta c hn hp X gm cc olefin.

Nu t chy hon ton Y th thu c 0,66 gam CO2. Vy khi t chy hon ton X th
tng khi lng H2O v CO2 to ra l
A. 0,903 gam. B. 0,39 gam.
C. 0,94 gam.
D. 0,93 gam.
08. Cho 9,85 gam hn hp 2 amin n chc no bc 1 tc dng va vi dung dch HCl th
thu c 18,975 gam mui. Vy khi lng HCl phi dng l
A. 9,521 gam. B. 9,125 gam. C. 9,215 gam.
D. 0,704 gam.
09. Cho 4,2 gam hn hp gm ru etylic, phenol, axit fomic tc dng va vi Na thy
thot ra 0,672 lt kh (ktc) v mt dung dch. C cn dung dch thu c hn hp X.
Khi lng ca X l
45
A. 2,55 gam.
B. 5,52 gam.
C. 5,25 gam.
D. 5,05 gam.
10. Hn hp X gm 2 este A, B ng phn vi nhau v u c to thnh t axit n chc

v ru n chc. Cho 2,2 gam hn hp X bay hi 136,5oC v 1 atm th thu c 840
ml hi este. Mt khc em thu phn hon ton 26,4 gam hn hp X bng 100 ml dung
dch NaOH 20% (d = 1,2 g/ml) ri em c cn th thu c 33,8 gam cht rn khan. Vy
cng thc phn t ca este l
A. C2H4O2.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C4H8O2.
D. C5H10O2.
p n cc bi tp trc nghim vn dng:
46
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. D
8. B
9. B
10. C
Phng php 6
TNG GIM KHI LNG
Nguyn tc ca phng php l xem khi chuyn t cht A thnh cht B (khng nht thit
trc tip, c th b qua nhiu giai on trung gian) khi lng tng hay gim bao nhiu gam
thng tnh theo 1 mol) v da vo khi lng thay i ta d dng tnh c s mol cht
tham gia phn ng hoc ngc li. V d trong phn ng:
MCO3 + 2HCl MCl2 + H2O + CO2
Ta thy rng khi chuyn 1 mol MCO3 thnh MCl2 th khi lng tng
(M + 235,5) (M + 60) = 11 gam
v c 1 mol CO2 bay ra. Nh vy khi bit lng mui tng, ta c th tnh lng CO2 bay ra.
Trong phn ng este ha:
CH3COOH + ROH CH3COOR + H2O
th t 1 mol ROH chuyn thnh 1 mol este khi lng tng
(R + 59) (R + 17) = 42 gam.
Nh vy nu bit khi lng ca ru v khi lng ca este ta d dng tnh c s
mol ru hoc ngc li.
Vi bi tp cho kim loi A y kim loi B ra khi dung dch mui di dng t do:
- Khi lng kim loi tng bng
mB (bm) mA (tan).
- Khi lng kim loi gim bng
mA (tan) mB (bm).
Sau y l cc v d in hnh:
V d 1: C 1 lt dung dch hn hp Na2CO3 0,1 mol/l v (NH4)2CO3 0,25 mol/l. Cho 43 gam
hn hp BaCl2 v CaCl2 vo dung dch . Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc ta thu
c 39,7 gam kt ta A v dung dch B.
Tnh % khi lng cc cht trong A.
A. %mBaCO3 = 50%, %mCaCO3 = 50%.
B. %mBaCO3 = 50,38%, %mCaCO3 = 49,62%.
C. %mBaCO3 = 49,62%, %mCaCO3 = 50,38%.
D. Khng xc nh c.
Hng dn gii
Trong dung dch:
Na2CO3 2Na+ + CO32
(NH4)2CO3 2NH4+ + CO32
BaCl2 Ba2+ + 2Cl
47
CaCl2 Ca2+ + 2Cl

Cc phn ng:
Ba2+ + CO32 BaCO3
(1)
Ca2+ + CO32 CaCO3
(2)
Theo (1) v (2) c 1 mol BaCl2, hoc CaCl2 bin thnh BaCO3 hoc CaCO3 th khi
lng mui gim (71 60) = 11 gam. Do tng s mol hai mui BaCO3 v CaCO3 bng:
43 39,7
= 0,3 mol
11
m tng s mol CO32 = 0,1 + 0,25 = 0,35, iu chng t d CO32.

Gi x, y l s mol BaCO3 v CaCO3 trong A ta c:
x y 0,3
197x 100y 39,7
x = 0,1 mol ; y = 0,2 mol.
Thnh phn ca A:
%m BaCO3
0,1 197
100 = 49,62%;
39,7
%mCaCO3 = 100 49,6 = 50,38%. (p n C)
V d 2: Ho tan hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr (I) v
mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr (II) bng dung dch HCl thy thot ra 4,48 lt
kh CO2 (ktc). C cn dung dch thu c sau phn ng th khi lng mui khan
thu c l bao nhiu?
A. 26,0 gam. B. 28,0 gam.
C. 26,8 gam.
D. 28,6 gam.
Hng dn gii
C 1 mol mui cacbonat to thnh 1 mol mui clorua cho nn khi lng mui khan
tng (71 60) = 11 gam, m
nCO2 = nmui cacbonat = 0,2 mol.

Suy ra khi lng mui khan tng sau phn ng l 0,211 = 2,2 gam.
Vy tng khi lng mui khan thu c l 23,8 + 2,2 = 26 gam. (p n A)
V d 3: Cho 3,0 gam mt axit no, n chc A tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH. C cn
dung dch sau phn ng thu c 4,1 gam mui khan. CTPT ca A l
A. HCOOH
B. C3H7COOH
C. CH3COOH
D. C2H5COOH.
Hng dn gii
C 1 mol axit n chc to thnh 1 mol mui th khi lng tng (23 1) = 22 gam, m
theo u bi khi lng mui tng (4,1 3) = 1,1 gam nn s mol axit l
48
naxit =
1,1
= 0,05 mol.
22
Maxit =
3
= 60 gam.
0,05
t CTTQ ca axit no, n chc A l CnH2n+1COOH nn ta c:
14n + 46 = 60
n = 1.
Vy CTPT ca A l CH3COOH. (p n C)
V d 4: Cho dung dch AgNO3 d tc dng vi dung dch hn hp c ha tan 6,25 gam hai
mui KCl v KBr thu c 10,39 gam hn hp AgCl v AgBr. Hy xc nh s mol
hn hp u.
A. 0,08 mol.
B. 0,06 mol. C. 0,03 mol.
D. 0,055 mol.
Hng dn gii
C 1 mol mui halogen to thnh 1 mol kt ta
khi lng tng: 108 39 = 69 gam;
0,06 mol khi lng tng: 10,39 6,25 = 4,14 gam.
Vy tng s mol hn hp u l 0,06 mol. (p n B)
V d 5: Nhng mt thanh graphit c ph mt lp kim loi ha tr (II) vo dung dch
CuSO4 d. Sau phn ng khi lng ca thanh graphit gim i 0,24 gam. Cng
thanh graphit ny nu c nhng vo dung dch AgNO3 th khi phn ng xong thy
khi lng thanh graphit tng ln 0,52 gam. Kim loi ha tr (II) l kim loi no sau
y?
A. Pb.
B. Cd.
C. Al.
D. Sn.
Hng dn gii
t kim loi ha tr (II) l M vi s gam l x (gam).
M + CuSO4 d MSO4 + Cu
C M gam kim loi tan ra th s c 64 gam Cu bm vo. Vy khi lng kim loi gim
(M 64) gam;
0,24.M
khi lng kim loi gim 0,24 gam.
M 64
Vy:
x (gam) =
Mt khc:
M + 2AgNO3 M(NO3)2 + 2Ag
C M gam kim loi tan ra th s c 216 gam Ag bm vo. Vy khi lng kim loi tng
(216 M) gam;
0,52.M
khi lng kim loi tng 0,52 gam.
216 M
Vy:
x (gam) =
Ta c:
0,24.M
0,52.M
=
M 64
216 M
M = 112 (kim loi Cd). (p n B)
V d 6: Ho tan hon ton 104,25 gam hn hp X gm NaCl v NaI vo nc c dung

dch A. Sc kh Cl2 d vo dung dch A. Kt thc th nghim, c cn dung dch thu
c 58,5 gam mui khan. Khi lng NaCl c trong hn hp X l
A. 29,25 gam.
B. 58,5 gam.
49
C. 17,55 gam.
D. 23,4 gam.
Hng dn gii
Kh Cl2 d ch kh c mui NaI theo phng trnh
2NaI + Cl2 2NaCl + I2
C 1 mol NaI to thnh 1 mol NaCl
Khi lng mui gim 127 35,5 = 91,5 gam.
Vy: 0,5 mol Khi lng mui gim 104,25 58,5 = 45,75 gam.
mNaI = 1500,5 = 75 gam
mNaCl = 104,25 75 = 29,25 gam. (p n A)
V d 7: Ngm mt vt bng ng c khi lng 15 gam trong 340 gam dung dch AgNO3
6%. Sau mt thi gian ly vt ra thy khi lng AgNO3 trong dung dch gim 25%.
Khi lng ca vt sau phn ng l
A. 3,24 gam.
B. 2,28 gam.
C. 17,28 gam. D. 24,12 gam.
Hng dn gii
n AgNO3 ( ban u ) =
340 6
= 0,12 mol;
170 100
n AgNO3 ( ph.ng ) = 0,12
25
= 0,03 mol.
100
Cu + 2AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag

0,015 0,03
0,03 mol
mvt sau phn ng = mvt ban u + mAg (bm) mCu (tan)

= 15 + (1080,03) (640,015) = 17,28 gam.
(p n C)
V d 8: Nhng mt thanh km v mt thanh st vo cng mt dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt
thi gian ly hai thanh kim loi ra thy trong dung dch cn li c nng mol
ZnSO4 bng 2,5 ln nng mol FeSO4. Mt khc, khi lng dung dch gim 2,2
gam.
Khi lng ng bm ln thanh km v bm ln thanh st ln lt l
A. 12,8 gam; 32 gam.
B. 64 gam; 25,6 gam.
C. 32 gam; 12,8 gam.
D. 25,6 gam; 64 gam.
Hng dn gii
V trong cng dung dch cn li (cng th tch) nn:
[ZnSO4] = 2,5 [FeSO4]
n ZnSO4 2,5n FeSO4
Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu
(1)
2,5x 2,5x 2,5x mol

Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu
50
(2)
x x
x mol
T (1), (2) nhn c gim khi lng ca dung dch l

mCu (bm) mZn (tan) mFe (tan)
2,2 = 64(2,5x + x) 652,5x 56x
x = 0,4 mol.
Vy:
mCu (bm ln thanh km) = 642,50,4 = 64 gam;

mCu (bm ln thanh st) = 640,4 = 25,6 gam. (p n B)
V d 9: (Cu 15 - M 231 - TSC - Khi A 2007)

Cho 5,76 gam axit hu c X n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi CaCO3 thu c
7,28 gam mui ca axit hu c. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH2=CHCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HCCCOOH.
D. CH3CH2COOH.
Hng dn gii
t CTTQ ca axit hu c X n chc l RCOOH.
2RCOOH + CaCO3 (RCOO)2Ca + CO2 + H2O
C 2 mol axit phn ng to mui th khi lng tng (40 2) = 38 gam.
x mol axit (7,28 5,76) = 1,52 gam.
x = 0,08 mol M RCOOH
5,76
72 R = 27
0,08
Axit X: CH2=CHCOOH. (p n A)
V d 10: Nhng thanh km vo dung dch cha 8,32 gam CdSO4. Sau khi kh hon ton ion
Cd2+ khi lng thanh km tng 2,35% so vi ban u. Hi khi lng thanh km
ban u.
A. 60 gam.
B. 70 gam.
C. 80 gam.
D. 90 gam.
Hng dn gii
Gi khi lng thanh km ban u l a gam th khi lng tng thm l
2,35a
gam.
100
Zn + CdSO4
65 1 mol
112, tng (112 65) = 47 gam
ZnSO4 + Cd
8,32
2,35a
(=0,04 mol)
gam
208
100
Ta c t l:
1
47
0,04 2,35a
100
a = 80 gam. (p n C)
V d 11: Nhng thanh kim loi M ho tr 2 vo dung dch CuSO4, sau mt thi gian ly
thanh kim loi ra thy khi lng gim 0,05%. Mt khc nhng thanh kim loi trn
vo dung dch Pb(NO3)2, sau mt thi gian thy khi lng tng 7,1%. Xc nh
M, bit rng s mol CuSO4 v Pb(NO3)2 tham gia 2 trng hp nh nhau.
51
B. Zn.
A. Al.
C. Mg.
D. Fe.
Hng dn gii
Gi m l khi lng thanh kim loi, M l nguyn t khi ca kim loi, x l s mol mui
phn ng.
M
CuSO4
MSO4 + Cu
M (gam) 1 mol 64 gam, gim (M 64)gam.

x mol
0,05.m
x = 100
M 64
gim
0,05.m
gam.
100
(1)
Pb(NO3)2 M(NO3)2 + Pb
M (gam) 1 mol 207, tng (207 M) gam

x mol
7,1.m
x = 100
207 M
tng
7,1.m
gam
100
(2)
0,05.m
7,1.m
100 = 100
M 64
207 M
T (1) v (2) ta c:
(3)
T (3) gii ra M = 65. Vy kim loi M l km. (p n B)

V d 12: Cho 3,78 gam bt Al phn ng va vi dung dch mui XCl3 to thnh dung
dch Y. Khi lng cht tan trong dung dch Y gim 4,06 gam so vi dung dch
XCl3. xc nh cng thc ca mui XCl3.
A. FeCl3.
B. AlCl3.
D. Khng xc nh.
C. CrCl3.
Hng dn gii
Gi A l nguyn t khi ca kim loi X.
Al
XCl3 AlCl3 + X
3,78
= (0,14 mol) 0,14
27
Ta c :
0,14 mol.
(A + 35,53)0,14 (133,50,14) = 4,06
Gii ra c: A = 56. Vy kim loi X l Fe v mui FeCl3. (p n A)

V d 13: Nung 100 gam hn hp gm Na2CO3 v NaHCO3 cho n khi khi lng hn hp
khng i c 69 gam cht rn. Xc nh phn trm khi lng ca mi cht tng
ng trong hn hp ban u.
A. 15,4% v 84,6%.
B. 22,4% v 77,6%.
C. 16% v 84%.
D. 24% v 76%.
Hng dn gii
52
Ch c NaHCO3 b phn hy. t x l s gam NaHCO3.

t
2NaHCO3
Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
o
168 gam khi lng gim: 44 + 18 = 62 gam
C nung
x
Ta c:
khi lng gim: 100 69 = 31 gam
168 62
x = 84 gam.
x
31
Vy NaHCO3 chim 84% v Na2CO3 chim 16%. (p n C)

V d 14: Ha tan 3,28 gam hn hp mui CuCl2 v Cu(NO3)2 vo nc c dung dch A.
Nhng Mg vo dung dch A cho n khi mt mu xanh ca dung dch. Ly thanh
Mg ra cn li thy tng thm 0,8 gam. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m
gam mui khan. Tnh m?
A. 1.28 gam.
B. 2,48 gam. C. 3,1 gam.
D. 0,48 gam.
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
mtng = mCu mMg phn ng = m Cu 2 m Mg2 3,28 m gc axit m Mg2 0,8
m = 3,28 0,8 = 2,48 gam. (p n B)
V d 15: Ha tan 3,28 gam hn hp mui MgCl2 v Cu(NO3)2 vo nc c dung dch A.

Nhng vo dung dch A mt thanh st. Sau mt khong thi gian ly thanh st ra
cn li thy tng thm 0,8 gam. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam
mui khan. Gi tr m l
A. 4,24 gam.
B. 2,48 gam. C. 4,13 gam.
D. 1,49 gam.
Hng dn gii
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng: Sau mt khong thi gian tng khi lng ca
thanh Fe bng gim khi lng ca dung dch mui. Do :
m = 3,28 0,8 = 2,48 gam. (p n B)
MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEO PHNG PHP TNG
GIM KHI LNG
01. Cho 115 gam hn hp gm ACO3, B2CO3, R2CO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy
thot ra 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc). Khi lng mui clorua to ra trong dung dch l
A. 142 gam.
B. 126 gam.
C. 141 gam.
D. 132 gam.
02. Ngm mt l st trong dung dch CuSO4. Nu bit khi lng ng bm trn l st l 9,6
gam th khi lng l st sau ngm tng thm bao nhiu gam so vi ban u?
A. 5,6 gam.
B. 2,8 gam.
C. 2,4 gam.
D. 1,2 gam.
03. Cho hai thanh st c khi lng bng nhau.

- Thanh 1 nhng vo dung dch c cha a mol AgNO3.
- Thanh 2 nhng vo dung dch c cha a mol Cu(NO3)2.
Sau phn ng, ly thanh st ra, sy kh v cn li thy s cho kt qu no sau y?
53
A. Khi lng hai thanh sau nhng vn bng nhau nhng khc ban u.
B. Khi lng thanh 2 sau nhng nh hn khi lng thanh 1 sau nhng.
C. Khi lng thanh 1 sau nhng nh hn khi lng thanh 2 sau nhng.
D. Khi lng hai thanh khng i vn nh trc khi nhng.
04. Cho V lt dung dch A cha ng thi FeCl3 1M v Fe2(SO4)3 0,5M tc dng vi dung dch
Na2CO3 c d, phn ng kt thc thy khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 69,2 gam
so vi tng khi lng ca cc dung dch ban u. Gi tr ca V l:
A. 0,2 lt.
B. 0,24 lt.
C. 0,237 lt.
D.0,336 lt.
05. Cho lung kh CO i qua 16 gam oxit st nguyn cht c nung nng trong mt ci ng.
Khi phn ng thc hin hon ton v kt thc, thy khi lng ng gim 4,8 gam.
Xc nh cng thc v tn oxit st em dng.
06. Dng CO kh 40 gam oxit Fe2O3 thu c 33,92 gam cht rn B gm Fe2O3, FeO v
1
Fe. Cho B tc dng vi H2SO4 long d, thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc).
2
Xc nh thnh phn theo s mol cht rn B, th tch kh CO (ktc) ti thiu c c
kt qu ny.
07. Nhng mt thanh st nng 12,2 gam vo 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,5M. Sau mt thi gian
ly thanh kim loi ra, c cn dung dch c 15,52 gam cht rn khan.
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra, tm khi lng tng cht c trong 15,52 gam cht
rn khan.
b) Tnh khi lng thanh kim loi sau phn ng. Ha tan hon ton thanh kim loi ny
trong dung dch HNO3 c nng, d thu c kh NO2 duy nht, th tch V lt (o
27,3 oC, 0,55 atm). Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Tnh V.
08. Ngm mt thanh ng c khi lng 140,8 gam vo dung dch AgNO3 sau mt thi gian
ly thanh ng em cn li thy nng 171,2 gam. Tnh thnh phn khi lng ca thanh
ng sau phn ng.
09. Ngm mt l km nh trong mt dung dch c cha 2,24 gam ion kim loi c in tch 2+.
Phn ng xong, khi lng l km tng thm 0,94 gam.
Hy xc nh tn ca ion kim loi trong dung dch.
10. C hai l kim loi cng cht, cng khi lng, c kh nng to ra hp cht c s oxi ha +2.
Mt l c ngm trong dung dch Pb(NO3)2 cn l kia c ngm trong dung dch
Cu(NO3)2.
Sau mt thi gian ngi ta ly l kim loi ra khi dung dch, ra nh. Nhn thy khi
lng l kim loi c ngm trong mui ch tng thm 19%, khi lng l kim loi kia
gim 9,6%. Bit rng, trong hai phn ng trn, khi lng cc kim loi b ha tan nh
nhau.
Hy xc nh tn ca hai l kim loi ang dng.
01. B
54
02. D.
03. B.
04. A.
05. Fe2O3. 06. VCO = 8,512 lt ; %nFe = 46,51% ; %nFeO = 37,21% ;

%n Fe2O3 16,28%.
07. a) 6,4 gam CuSO4 v 9,12 gam FeSO4.
b) mKL = 12,68 gam ; VNO2 26,88 lt.
08. Thanh Cu sau phn ng c mAg (bm) = 43,2 gam v mCu (cn li) = 128 gam.
09. Cd2+
10. Cd
55
Phng php 7
QUI I HN HP NHIU CHT V S LNG CHT T HN
Mt s bi ton ha hc c th gii nhanh bng cc phng php bo ton electron, bo

ton nguyn t, bo ton khi lng song phng php quy i cng tm ra p s rt nhanh
v l phng php tng i u vit, c th vn dng vo cc bi tp trc nghim phn
loi hc sinh.
Cc ch khi p dng phng php quy i:
1. Khi quy i hn hp nhiu cht (hn hp X) (t ba cht tr ln) thnh hn hp hai
cht hay ch cn mt cht ta phi bo ton s mol nguyn t v bo ton khi lng hn hp.
2. C th quy i hn hp X v bt k cp cht no, thm ch quy i v mt cht. Tuy nhin
ta nn chn cp cht no n gin c t phn ng oxi ha kh nht n gin vic tnh ton.
3. Trong qu trnh tnh ton theo phng php quy i i khi ta gp s m l do s
b tr khi lng ca cc cht trong hn hp. Trong trng hp ny ta vn tnh ton bnh
thng v kt qu cui cng vn tha mn.
4. Khi quy i hn hp X v mt cht l FexOy th oxit FexOy tm c ch l oxit gi
nh khng c thc.
V d 1: Nung 8,4 gam Fe trong khng kh, sau phn ng thu c m gam cht rn X gm
Fe, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO. Ha tan m gam hn hp X vo dung dch HNO3 d thu c
2,24 lt kh NO2 (ktc) l sn phm kh duy nht. Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,2 gam. B. 10,2 gam.
C. 7,2 gam.
D. 6,9 gam.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp X v hai cht Fe v Fe2O3:
Ha tan hn hp X vo dung dch HNO3 d ta c
Fe + 6HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O
0,1
0,1 mol
S mol ca nguyn t Fe to oxit Fe2O3 l

n Fe
Vy:
8,4 0,1 0,35
56
3
3
n Fe2O3
0,35
32
mX mFe mFe2O3
mX
0,1
0,35
56
160 = 11,2 gam.
3
3
Quy hn hp X v hai cht FeO v Fe2O3:

FeO + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 + 2H2O
0,1
56
0,1 mol
ta c:
0,15 mol
2Fe O2
2FeO
0,1 mol
0,1
2Fe2O3
4Fe 3O2
0,05
0,025 mol
m h 2 X = 0,172 + 0,025160 = 11,2 gam. (p n A)

Ch : Vn c th quy hn hp X v hai cht (FeO v Fe3O4) hoc (Fe v FeO), hoc (Fe
v Fe3O4) nhng vic gii tr nn phc tp hn (c th l ta phi t n s mol mi cht, lp
h phng trnh, gii h phng trnh hai n s).
Quy hn hp X v mt cht l FexOy:
FexOy + (6x2y)HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + (3x2y) NO2 + (3xy)H2O
0,1
mol 0,1 mol.
3x 2y
n Fe
8,4
0,1.x
x 6
mol.
56 3x 2y
y 7
Vy cng thc quy i l Fe6O7 (M = 448) v

n Fe6O7
0,1
= 0,025 mol.
36 2 7
mX = 0,025448 = 11,2 gam.
Nhn xt: Quy i hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 v hn hp hai cht l FeO,
Fe2O3 l n gin nht.
V d 2: Ha tan ht m gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 bng HNO3 c nng thu
c 4,48 lt kh NO2 (ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 145,2 gam
mui khan gi tr ca m l
A. 35,7 gam.
B. 46,4 gam. C. 15,8 gam.
D. 77,7 gam.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp X v hn hp hai cht FeO v Fe2O3 ta c
FeO + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 + 2H2O
0,2 mol 0,2 mol 0,2 mol
0,2 mol 0,4 mol
n Fe( NO3 )3
145,2
= 0,6 mol.
242
mX = 0,2(72 + 160) = 46,4 gam. (p n B)
V d 3: Ha tan hon ton 49,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 bng H2SO4 c
nng thu c dung dch Y v 8,96 lt kh SO2 (ktc).
a) Tnh phn trm khi lng oxi trong hn hp X.
57
A. 40,24%.
B. 30,7%.
C. 20,97%.
D. 37,5%.
b) Tnh khi lng mui trong dung dch Y.

A. 160 gam.
B.140 gam.
C. 120 gam.
D. 100 gam.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp X v hai cht FeO, Fe2O3, ta c:
2FeO 4H 2SO4
Fe2 (SO4 )3 SO2 4H 2O
0,4 0,4 mol

0,8
49,6 gam
Fe2 (SO4 )3 3H 2O
Fe2O3 3H 2SO4
0,05
0,05 mol
m Fe2O3 = 49,6 0,872 = 8 gam (0,05 mol)
nO (X) = 0,8 + 3(0,05) = 0,65 mol.
Vy:
0,65 16 100
= 20,97%. (p n C)
49,9
a)
%m O
b)
m Fe2 (SO4 )3 = [0,4 + (-0,05)]400 = 140 gam. (p n B)
V d 4: kh hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 th cn 0,05 mol H2.
Mt khc ha tan hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X trong dung dch H2SO4 c nng
th thu c th tch kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht ktc) l.
A. 224 ml.
B. 448 ml.
C. 336 ml.
D. 112 ml.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp X v hn hp hai cht FeO v Fe2O3 vi s mol l x, y, ta c:
t
Fe + H2O
FeO + H2
o
t
Fe2O3 + 3H2
2Fe + 3H2O
o
3y
x 3y 0,05
x 0,02 mol

72x 160y 3,04

y 0,01 mol
2FeO + 4H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4H2O

0,02 0,01 mol
Vy:
VSO2 = 0,0122,4 = 0,224 lt (hay 224 ml). (p n A)
V d 5: Nung m gam bt st trong oxi, thu c 3 gam hn hp cht rn X. Ha tan ht hn

hp X trong dung dch HNO3 (d) thot ra 0,56 lt NO ( ktc) (l sn phm kh
duy nht). Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,52 gam. B. 2,22 gam.
C. 2,62 gam.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp cht rn X v hai cht Fe, Fe2O3:
58
D. 2,32 gam.
Fe + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
0,025
0,025
0,025 mol
m Fe2O3 = 3 560,025 = 1,6 gam
m Fe ( trong Fe2O3 )
mFe = 56(0,025 + 0,02) = 2,52 gam. (p n A)
1,6
2 = 0,02 mol
160
V d 6: Hn hp X gm (Fe, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO) vi s mol mi cht l 0,1 mol, ha tan ht

vo dung dch Y gm (HCl v H2SO4 long) d thu c dung dch Z. Nh t t
dung dch Cu(NO3)2 1M vo dung dch Z cho ti khi ngng thot kh NO. Th tch
dung dch Cu(NO3)2 cn dng v th tch kh thot ra ktc thuc phng n no?
A. 25 ml; 1,12 lt.
B. 0,5 lt; 22,4 lt.
C. 50 ml; 2,24 lt.
D. 50 ml; 1,12 lt.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp 0,1 mol Fe2O3 v 0,1 mol FeO thnh 0,1 mol Fe3O4.
Hn hp X gm: Fe3O4 0,2 mol; Fe 0,1 mol + dung dch Y
Fe3O4 + 8H+ Fe2+ + 2Fe3+ + 4H2O
0,2
Fe + 2H
2+
0,1
0,2
Fe
0,4 mol
+ H2
0,1 mol
Dung dch Z: (Fe2+: 0,3 mol; Fe3+: 0,4 mol) + Cu(NO3)2:

3Fe2+ + NO3 + 4H+ 3Fe3+ + NO + 2H2O
0,3
0,1
0,1 mol
VNO = 0,122,4 = 2,24 lt.

n Cu( NO3 )2
1
n = 0,05 mol.
2 NO3
Vd 2 Cu( NO
3 )2
0,05
= 0,05 lt (hay 50 ml). (p n C)
1
V d 7: Nung 8,96 gam Fe trong khng kh c hn hp A gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. A ha

tan va vn trong dung dch cha 0,5 mol HNO3, bay ra kh NO l sn phm kh
duy nht. S mol NO bay ra l.
A. 0,01.
B. 0,04.
C. 0,03.
D. 0,02.
Hng dn gii
n Fe
8,96
0,16 mol
56
Quy hn hp A gm (FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3) thnh hn hp (FeO, Fe2O3) ta c phng

trnh:
2Fe + O2 2FeO
59
4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3
y/2
3FeO + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O

x
10x/3
x/3

3y
y/2
H phng trnh:
x y 0,16
x 0,06 mol

10x
y 0,1 mol
3 3y 0,5
n NO
60
0,06
0,02 mol. (p n D)
3
Phng php 8
S NG CHO
Bi ton trn ln cc cht vi nhau l mt dng bi tp hay gp trong chng trnh ha
hc ph thng cng nh trong cc thi kim tra v thi tuyn sinh i hc, cao ng. Ta c
th gii bi tp dng ny theo nhiu cch khc nhau, song vic gii loi dng bi tp ny theo
phng php s ng cho theo tc gi l tt nht.
Nguyn tc: Trn ln hai dung dch:
Dung dch 1: c khi lng m1, th tch V1, nng C1 (nng phn trm hoc nng
mol), khi lng ring d1.
Dung dch 2: c khi lng m2, th tch V2, nng C2 (C2 > C1 ), khi lng ring d2.
Dung dch thu c: c khi lng m = m1 + m2, th tch V = V1 + V2, nng C (C1 <
C < C2) v khi lng ring d.
S ng cho v cng thc tng ng vi mi trng hp l:
a. i vi nng % v khi lng:
C1
| C2 - C |
C
C2
| C1 - C |
m1 C2 C
m 2 C1 C
(1)
V1 C2 C
V2 C1 C
(2)
V1 C2 C
V2 C1 C
(3)
b. i vi nng mol/lt:
CM1
CM2
` | C2 - C |
| C1 - C |
c. i vi khi lng ring:

d1
| d2 - d |
d2
d
| d1 - d |
Khi s dng s ng cho cn ch :

- Cht rn coi nh dung dch c C = 100%
- Dung mi coi nh dung dch c C = 0%
- Khi lng ring ca H2O l d = 1g/ml.
Sau y l mt s v d s dng phng php s ng cho trong tnh ton cc bi tp.
V d 1: thu c dung dch HCl 25% cn ly m1 gam dung dch HCl 45% pha vi m2
gam dung dch HCl 15%. T l m1/m2 l
A. 1:2.
B. 1:3.
C. 2:1.
D. 3:1.
Hng dn gii
p dng cng thc (1):
m1 45 25 20 2
. (p n C)
m 2 15 25 10 1
61
V d 2: pha c 500 ml dung dch nc mui sinh l (C = 0,9%) cn ly V ml dung

dch NaCl 3% pha vi nc ct. Gi tr ca V l
A. 150 ml.
B. 214,3 ml.
C. 285,7 ml.
D. 350 ml.
Hng dn gii
Ta c s :
V1 (NaCl) 3
V2 (H2O) 0
| 0,9 - 0 |
0,9
| 3 - 0,9 |
0,9
500 = 150 ml. (p n A)
2,1 0,9
V1 =
V d 3: Ha tan 200 gam SO3 vo m2 gam dung dch H2SO4 49% ta c dung dch H2SO4
78,4%. Gi tr ca m2 l
A. 133,3 gam. B. 146,9 gam. C. 272,2 gam.
D. 300 gam.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh phn ng:
SO3 + H2O H2SO4
100 gam SO3
98 100
= 122,5 gam H2SO4.
80
Nng dung dch H2SO4 tng ng 122,5%.

Gi m1, m2 ln lt l khi lng ca SO3 v dung dch H2SO4 49% cn ly. Theo (1) ta
c:
49 78,4
m1
29,4
m 2 122,5 78,4 44,1
m2
44,1
200 = 300 gam. (p n D)
29,4
V d 4: Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca brom l 79,319. Brom c hai ng v bn:

81
35
Br . Thnh phn % s nguyn t ca

A. 84,05.
B. 81,02.
81
35
Br l
C. 18,98.
D. 15,95.
Hng dn gii
Ta c s ng cho:
81
35
Br (M 81)
79,319 79 0,319
A 79,319
79
35
62
Br (M 79)
81
% 35
Br 0,319
79
% 35 Br 1,681
81
% 35
Br
81 79,319 1,681
0,319
100% = 15,95%. (p n D)
1,681 0,319
79
35
Br v
V d 5: Mt hn hp gm O2, O3 iu kin tiu chun c t khi hi vi hiro l 18. Thnh

phn % v th tch ca O3 trong hn hp l
B. 25%.
A. 15%.
C. 35%.
D. 45%.
Hng dn gii
p dng s ng cho:
M 48
VO3
32 36
M 18 2 36
M 32
VO2
VO3
VO2
48 36
4 1
12 3
%VO3
1
100% = 25%. (p n B)
3 1
V d 6: Cn trn hai th tch metan vi mt th tch ng ng X ca metan thu c hn

hp kh c t khi hi so vi hiro bng 15. X l
B. C4H10.
A. C3H8.
C. C5H12.
D. C6H14.
Hng dn gii
p dng s ng cho:
VCH4 M 16
M 2 30
M 15 2 30
VM2 M M 2
VCH4
M2 = 58
VM2
16 30
M 2 30 2
14
1
14n + 2 = 58
M2 30 = 28
n = 4.
Vy: X l C4H10. (p n B)
V d 7: Thm 250 ml dung dch NaOH 2M vo 200 ml dung dch H3PO4 1,5M. Mui to
thnh v khi lng tng ng l
A. 14,2 gam Na2HPO4 ; 32,8 gam Na3PO4.
B. 28,4 gam Na2HPO4 ; 16,4 gam Na3PO4.
C. 12 gam NaH2PO4 ; 28,4 gam Na2HPO4.
D. 24 gam NaH2PO4
; 14,2 gam Na2HPO4.
Hng dn gii
C:
n NaOH 0,25 2 5
2
n H3PO4 0,2 1,5 3
to ra hn hp 2 mui: NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4.

S ng cho:
Na 2 HPO 4
n1 2
1
n
NaH 2 PO 4
n2 1
5
2
3
3
5
3
63
2
n Na 2 HPO4
n NaH2 PO4
2
1
n Na2HPO4 2n NaH2PO4
n Na2HPO4 n NaH2PO4 n H3PO4 0,3 mol
M:
n Na 2 HPO4 0,2 mol
n NaH2 PO4 0,1 mol
m Na 2 HPO4 0,2 142 28,4 gam
n NaH2 PO4 0,1120 12 gam
(p n C)
V d 8: Ha tan 3,164 gam hn hp 2 mui CaCO3 v BaCO3 bng dung dch HCl d, thu
c 448 ml kh CO2 (ktc). Thnh phn % s mol ca BaCO3 trong hn hp l
A. 50%.
C. 60%.
B. 55%.
D. 65%.
Hng dn gii
n CO2
0,488
3,164
= 0,02 mol M
= 158,2.
22,4
0,02
p dng s ng cho:
BaCO3 (M1 197)
100 158,2 58,2

M 158,2
CaCO3 (M 2 100)
197 158,2 38,8
58,2
%n BaCO3
100% = 60%. (p n C)
58,2 38,8
V d 9: Cn ly bao nhiu gam tinh th CuSO4.5H2O v bao nhiu gam dung dch CuSO4
8% pha thnh 280 gam dung dch CuSO4 16%?
A. 180 gam v 100 gam.
B. 330 gam v 250 gam.
C. 60 gam v 220 gam.
D. 40 gam v 240 gam.
Hng dn gii
CuSO 4 .5H 2O Ta coi CuSO4.5H2O nh l dung dch CuSO4 c:
160
250
C% =
160 100
64%.
250
Gi m1 l khi lng ca CuSO4.5H2O v m2 l khi lng ca dung dch CuSO4 8%.

Theo s ng cho:
(m1 ) 64
8 16
16
(m 2 ) 8
64
64 16 48
m1 8 1
.
m 2 48 6
Mt khc
m1 + m2 = 280 gam.
Vy khi lng CuSO4.5H2O l:

m1 =
280
1 = 40 gam
1 6
v khi lng dung dch CuSO4 8% l:

m2 = 280 40 = 240 gam. (p n D)
V d 10: Cn bao nhiu lt axit H2SO4 (D = 1,84) v bao nhiu lt nc ct pha thnh 9 lt
dung dch H2SO4 c D = 1,28 gam/ml?
A. 2 lt v 7 lt.
B. 3 lt v 6 lt.
C. 4 lt v 5 lt.
D. 6 lt v 3 lt.
Hng dn gii
Ta c s ng cho:
H 2O :
|1,84 1,28 | 0,56
1
1,28
H 2SO4 :
VH2O
VH2SO4
Cn phi ly
|1,28 1| 0,28
1,84
0,56 2
.
0,28 1
1
9 3 lt H2SO4 (d = 1,84 g/ml) v 6 lt H2O. (p n B)
1 2
MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEO PHNG PHP S

NG CHO
01. Ha tan hon ton m gam Na2O nguyn cht vo 40 gam dung dch NaOH 12% thu c
dung dch NaOH 51%. Gi tr ca m (gam) l
A. 11,3.
B. 20,0.
C. 31,8.
D. 40,0.
02. Th tch nc nguyn cht cn thm vo 1 lt dung dch H2SO4 98% (d = 1,84 g/ml)
c dung dch mi c nng 10% l
A. 14,192 ml. B. 15,192 ml. C. 16,192 ml.
D. 17,192 ml.
03. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ng 63,54. ng c hai ng v bn:

Thnh phn % s nguyn t ca
A. 73,0%.
65
29
63
29
Cu v
65
29
Cu
Cu l
B. 34,2%.
C.32,3%.
D. 27,0%.
04. Cn ly V1 lt CO2 v V2 lt CO c c 24 lt hn hp CO2 v CO c t khi hi i

vi metan bng 2. Gi tr ca V1 (lt) l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 8.
65
05. Thm 150 ml dung dch KOH 2M vo 120 ml dung dch H3PO4 1M. Khi lng cc mui
thu c trong dung dch l
A. 10,44 gam KH2PO4 ; 8,5 gam K3PO4.
B. 10,44 gam K2HPO4 ; 12,72 gam K3PO4.
C. 10,44 gam K2HPO4 ; 13,5 gam KH2PO4.
D. 13,5 gam KH2PO4 ; 14,2 gam K3PO4.
06. Ha tan 2,84 gam hn hp 2 mui CaCO3 v MgCO3 bng dung dch HCl (d) thu c
0,672 lt kh iu kin tiu chun. Thnh phn % s mol ca MgCO3 trong hn hp l
A. 33,33%.
B. 45,55%.
C. 54,45%.
D. 66,67%.
07. Lng SO3 cn thm vo dung dch H2SO4 10% c 100 gam dung dch H2SO4 20%
l
A. 2,5 gam.
B. 8,88 gam.
C. 6,66 gam.
D. 24,5 gam.
08. Dung dch ru etylic 13,8o c d (g/ml) =?. Bit d C2H5OH(ng.cht) = 0,8 g/ml ; d H2O 1 g ml .
A. 0,805.
B. 0,8 55.
C. 0,972.
D. 0,915.
09. Ha tan m gam Al bng dung dch HNO3 long thu c hn hp kh NO v N2O c t
khi so vi H2 bng 16,75. T l th tch kh trong hn hp l
A. 2 : 3.
B. 1 : 2.
C. 1 : 3.
D. 3 : 1.
10. T 1 tn qung hematit A iu ch c 420 kg Fe. T 1 tn qung manhetit B iu ch

c 504 kg Fe. Hi phi trn hai qung trn vi t l khi lng (mA : mB) l bao nhiu
c 1 tn qung hn hp m t 1 tn qung hn hp ny iu ch c 480 kg Fe.
A. 1 : 3.
B. 2 : 5.
C. 2 : 3.
D. 1 : 1.
p n cc s bi tp vn dng:
66
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. B
Phng php 9
CC I LNG DNG KHI QUT
Trong cc kim tra v thi tuyn sinh theo phng php trc nghim chng ta thy rng
s lng cu hi v bi tp kh nhiu v a dng bao trm ton b chng trnh ha hc ph
thng. Rt nhiu cc phng php, cc dng bi c bn c bit n. Sau y l mt s
v d v dng bi tm mi lin h khi qut gia cc i lng thng xut hin trong trong
cc thi tuyn sinh i hc.
V d 1: (Cu 11 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH 2007)
Cho t t dung dch cha a mol HCl vo dung dch cha b mol Na2CO3 ng thi
khuy u, thu c V lt kh ( ktc) v dung dch X. Khi cho d nc vi trong
vo dung dch X thy c xut hin kt ta. Biu thc lin h gia V vi a, b l
A. V = 22,4(a b).
B. V = 11,2(a b).
C. V = 11,2(a + b).
D. V = 22,4(a + b).
Hng dn gii
Cho t t dung dch HCl vo dung dch Na2CO3 ta c phng trnh:
HCl + Na2CO3 NaHCO3 + NaCl
b
(1)
b mol
HCl + NaHCO3 NaCl + CO2 + H2O
(2)
(a b) (a b) mol
Dung dch X cha NaHCO3 d do HCl tham gia phn ng ht,
NaHCO3 + Ca(OH)2 d CaCO3 + NaOH + H2O
V = 22,4(a b). (p n A)
Vy:
V d 2: (Cu 13 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH 2007)

Clo ho PVC thu c mt polime cha 63,96% clo v khi lng, trung bnh 1
phn t clo phn ng vi k mt xch trong mch PVC. Gi tr ca k l
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Hng dn gii
Mt phn t Clo phn ng vi k mt xch trong mch PVC theo phng trnh:
CH CH 2
xt
|
+ kCl2
to
Cl
Vy
Do:
%mCl = 63,96%
%mC,H cn li = 36,04%.
CH CH 2 CH CH
|
|
|
Cl
Cl Cl
k
n k
35,5 (n k) 35,5 2 k
63,96
=
27 (n k) 26 k
36,04
67
n
= 3. (p n A).
k
V d 3: (Cu 21 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH 2007)

Trn dung dch cha a mol AlCl3 vi dung dch cha b mol NaOH. thu c kt
ta th cn c t l
A. a : b = 1 : 4.
B. a : b < 1 : 4.
C. a : b = 1 : 5.
D. a : b > 1 : 4.
Hng dn gii
Trn a mol AlCl3 vi b mol NaOH thu c kt ta th
Al3 3OH
Al(OH)3
AlO 2 2H 2O
Al(OH)3 OH
Al3 4OH
AlO 2 2H 2O
a
4 mol
kt ta tan hon ton th
n OH
n Al3
Vy c kt ta th
b
4.
a
b
<4
a
a : b > 1 : 4. (p n D)
V d 4: (Cu 37 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH 2007)

t chy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 2a mol CO2. Mt khc, trung ha a
mol Y cn va 2a mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca Y l
A. HOOCCH2CH2COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. CH3COOH.
D. HOOCCOOH.
Hng dn gii
- t a mol axit hu c Y c 2a mol CO2 axit hu c Y c hai nguyn t C trong
phn t.
- Trung ha a mol axit hu c Y cn dng 2a mol NaOH axit hu c Y c 2 nhm
chc cacboxyl (COOH).
Cng thc cu to thu gn ca Y l HOOCCOOH. (p n D)
V d 5: (Cu 39 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH 2007)
Dung dch HCl v dung dch CH3COOH c cng nng mol/l, pH ca hai dung
dch tng ng l x v y. Quan h gia x v y l (gi thit, c 100 phn t
CH3COOH th c 1 phn t in li)
A. y = 100x.
Hng dn gii
68
B. y = 2x.
C. y = x 2.
D. y = x + 2.
[H+]HCl = 10x
pHHCl = x
[H ]CH3COOH 10 y
pHCH3COOH y
Ta c:
HCl H+ + Cl
10x
10x (M)
H+ + CH3COO
CH3COOH
100.10y
Mt khc:
10y (M).
[HCl] = [CH3COOH]
10x = 100.10y
y = x + 2. (p n D)
V d 6: (Cu 53 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH 2007)

thu ly Ag tinh khit t hn hp X (gm a mol Al2O3, b mol CuO, c mol Ag2O),
ngi ta ho tan X bi dung dch cha (6a + 2b + 2c) mol HNO3 c dung dch Y,
sau thm (gi thit hiu sut cc phn ng u l 100%)
A. c mol bt Al vo Y.
B. c mol bt Cu vo Y.
C. 2c mol bt Al vo Y.
D. 2c mol bt Cu vo Y.
Hng dn gii
Ha tan hn hp X trong dung dch HNO3
Al2O3 + 6HNO3 2Al(NO3)3 + 3H2O
a
6a
2a mol
CuO + 2HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2O
2b
b mol
Ag2O + 2HNO3 2AgNO3 + H2O

c
2c
2c mol
Dung dch HNO3 va . Dung dch Y gm 2a mol Al(NO3)3, b mol Cu(NO3)2, 2c mol
AgNO3. thu Ag tinh khit cn cho thm kim loi Cu vo phng trnh
Cu + 2AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag
c mol 2c
Vy cn c mol bt Cu vo dung dch Y. (p n B)
V d 7: (Cu 32 - M 285 - Khi B - TSH 2007)
in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO4 v b mol NaCl (vi in cc tr, c mng
ngn xp). dung dch sau in phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng
th iu kin ca a v b l (bit ion SO42 khng b in phn trong dung dch)
A. b > 2a.
B. b = 2a.
C. b < 2a.
D. 2b = a.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh in phn dung dch
pdd
CuSO4 + 2NaCl
Cu + Cl2 + Na2SO4
(1)
2a mol
69
Dung dch sau in phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng sau phn ng (1)
th dung dch NaCl cn d v tip tc b in phn theo phng trnh
pdd
2NaCl + 2H2O
2NaOH + H2 + Cl2
mng ngn
Vy:
(2)
b > 2a. (p n A)
Ch : Tng t cng cu hi trn chng ta c th hi:

+ dung dch sau in phn c mi trng axit th iu kin ca a v b l.
A. b > 2a.
B. b = 2a.
C. b < 2a.
D. a = 2b.
+ dung dch sau in phn c kh nng ha tan kt ta Al(OH)3 th iu kin ca a, b l

A. b > 2a.
B. b < 2a.
C. b 2a.
D. b 2a.
V d 8: t chy hon ton a mol mt anehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO2 v c mol H2O
(bit b = a + c). Trong phn ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch cho 2 electron. X
thuc dy ng ng anehit
A. no, n chc.
B. khng no c hai ni i, n chc.
C. khng no c mt ni i, n chc.
D. no, hai chc.
Hng dn gii
Trong phn ng trng gng mt anehit X ch cho 2e X l anehit n chc bi v:
1
RCHO RCOONH 4
trong : C+1 2e C+3.

t cng thc phn t ca anehit n chc X l CxHyO ta c phng trnh
y
y 1
CxHyO + x O2 xCO2 + H2O

2
4 2
a.x
(b mol)
Ta c:
b = a + c ax = a +
a.y
2
a.y
mol
2
(c mol)
y = 2x 2.
Cng thc tng qut ca anehit n chc X l CxH2x2O c dng Cx1H2(x1)1CHO l

anehit khng no c mt lin kt i, n chc. (p n C)
V d 9: Cng thc phn t ca mt ancol A l CnHmOx. cho A l ancol no th m phi c
gi tr
A. m = 2n.
B. m = 2n + 2.
C. m = 2n 1.
D. m = 2n + 1.
Hng dn gii
Theo phng php ng nht h s: Cng thc tng qut ca ancol no l CnH2n+2-x(OH)x
hay CnH2n+2Ox. Vy m = 2n+2. (p n B)
70
V d 10: Hi t l th tch CO2 v hi nc (T) bin i trong khong no khi t chy hon
ton cc ankin.
A. 1 < T 2.
B. 1 T < 1,5.
C. 0,5 < T 1.
D. 1 < T < 1,5.
Hng dn gii
CnH2n-2 nCO2 + (n 1)H2O
iu kin: n 2 v n N.
T=
n CO2
n H 2O
n
1
.
n 1 1 1
n
Vi mi n 2 T > 1; mt khc n tng T gim.
n=2
T = 2 l gi tr ln nht.
Vy: 1 < T 2. (p n A)
V d 11: t chy 1 mol aminoaxit NH2(CH2)nCOOH phi cn s mol O2 l
A.
2n 3
.
2
B.
6n 3
.
2
C.
6n 3
.
4
D.
2n 3
.
4
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh t chy amino axit l
H2N(CH2)nCOOH +
6n 3
2n 3
O2
H2O
(n + 1)CO2 +
4
2
(p n C)
V d 12: Mt dung dch hn hp cha a mol NaAlO2 v a mol NaOH tc dng vi mt dung
dch cha b mol HCl. iu kin thu c kt ta sau phn ng l
A. a = b.
B. a = 2b.
C. b = 5a.
D. a < b < 5a.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh phn ng:
NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O
(1)
a mol a mol
NaAlO2 + HCl + H2O Al(OH)3 + NaCl
(2)
Al(OH)3 + 3HCl AlCl3 + 3H2O
(3)
NaAlO2 + 4HCl AlCl3 + NaCl + 2H2O
(4)
a mol 4a mol
iu kin khng c kt ta khi nHCl 4n NaAlO2 + nNaOH = 5a. Vy suy ra iu kin
c kt ta:
nNaOH < nHCl < 4n NaAlO2 + nNaOH
a < b < 5a. (p n D)

71
V d 13: Dung dch cha a mol NaOH tc dng vi dung dch cha b mol H3PO4 sinh ra hn
a
hp Na2HPO4 + Na3PO4. T s
l
b
A. 1 <
a
< 2.
b
C. 2 <
a
< 3.
b
B.
a
3.
b
D.
a
1.
b
Hng dn gii
Cc phng trnh phn ng:
Ta c:
NaOH + H3PO4 NaH2PO4 + H2O
(1)
2NaOH + H3PO4 Na2HPO4 + 2H2O
(2)
3NaOH + H3PO4 Na3PO4 + 3H2O
(3)
nNaOH = a mol ; n H3PO4 = b mol.
thu c hn hp mui Na2HPO4 + Na3PO4 th phn ng xy ra c hai phng

trnh (2 v 3), do :
2<
a
n NaOH
< 3, tc l 2 <
< 3. (p n C)
b
n H3PO4
V d 14: Hn hp X gm Na v Al.
- Th nghim 1: Nu cho m gam X tc dng vi H2O d th thu c V1 lt H2.
- Th nghim 2: nu cho m gam X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d th thu c
V2 lt H2.
Cc kh o cng iu kin. Quan h gia V1 v V2 l
A. V1 = V2.
B. V1 > V2.
C. V1 < V2.
D. V1 V2.
Hng dn gii
Cc phng trnh phn ng khi ha tan hn hp Na v Al vi H2O v vi dung dch
NaOH d:
Na + H2O NaOH +
1
H2
2
2Al + 6H2O + 2NaOH Na[Al(OH)4] + 3H2
(1)
(2)
t s mol Na v Al ban u ln lt l x v y (mol).

TN1: x y nNaOH va hoc d khi ha tan Al c hai th nghim cng to
x 3x
thnh mol H2.
2 2
V1 = V2.
TN2: x < y trong TN1 (1) Al d, TN2 (2) Al tan ht n H2 (TN2) n H2 (TN2) .
V2 > V1.
Nh vy (x,y > 0) th V2 V1. (p n D)
72
V d 15: Mt bnh kn cha V lt NH3 v V lt O2 cng iu kin. Nung nng bnh c xc

tc NH3 chuyn ht thnh NO, sau NO chuyn ht thnh NO2. NO2 v lng O2
cn li trong bnh hp th va vn ht trong nc thnh dung dch HNO3. T s
V l
V
B. 2.
A. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Hng dn gii
Cc phng trnh phn ng:
xt
4NO + 6H2O
4NH3 + 5O2
to
V 5V/4
2NO2
2NO + O2
V V/2
4NO2
O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3
5V V
V V

4
2
V
5V V
V = 4 V
= 2. (p n B)

V
4
2
V d 16: Cht X c khi lng phn t l M. Mt dung dch cht X c nng a mol/l, khi
lng ring d gam/ml. Nng C% ca dung dch X l
A.
a.M
.
10d
B.
d.M
.
10a
C.
10a
.
M.d
D.
a.M
.
1000d
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 lt dung dch cht X:
nX = a mol mX = a.M
mdd X =
C% =
a.M.100
= 1000d
C%
a.M
. (p n A)
10d
V d 17: Hn hp X c mt s ankan. t chy 0,05 mol hn hp X thu c a mol CO2 v

b mol H2O. Kt lun no sau y l ng?
A. a = b.
B. a = b 0,02.
C. a = b 0,05.
D. a = b 0,07.
Hng dn gii
t cng thc tng qut ca 1 s ankan l C x H 2x 2
C x H 2x 2 +
3x 1
O 2 x CO2 + (x 1) H2O
2
0,5 0,05 x 0,05 (x 1) mol
73
0,05x a
a = b 0,05. (p n C)
0,05(x 1) b
V d 18: (Cu 40 - M 285 - Khi B - TSH 2007)

Thc hin hai th nghim:
1) Cho 3,84 gam Cu phn ng vi 80 ml dung dch HNO3 1M thot ra V1 lt NO.
2) Cho 3,84 gam Cu phn ng vi 80 ml dung dch cha HNO3 1M v H2SO4 0,5
M thot ra V2 lt NO.
Bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht, cc th tch kh o cng iu kin. Quan h
gia V1 v V2 l
A. V2 = V1.
B. V2 = 2V1. C. V2 = 2,5V1. D. V2 = 1,5V1.
Hng dn gii
TN1:
3,84
0,06 mol
n Cu
64
n HNO 0,08 mol
n H 0,08 mol
n NO3 0,08 mol
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O
u bi:
0,06
Phn ng:
0,03 0,08 0,02
0,08
0,08
H+ phn ng ht
0,02 mol

TN2:
nCu = 0,06 mol ; n HNO3 0,08 mol ; n H2SO4 0,04 mol.
Tng n H = 0,16 mol ; n NO = 0,08 mol.

3
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O

u bi:
0,06
0,08
Phn ng:
0,06 0,16 0,04
0,16
Cu v H+ phn ng ht
0,04 mol

Nh vy V2 = 2V1. (p n B)
MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEO PHNG PHP CC I
LNG DNG TNG QUT
01. Dung dch A c a mol NH4+, b mol Mg2+, c mol SO42 v d mol HCO3. Biu thc no
biu th s lin quan gia a, b, c, d sau y l ng?
A. a + 2b = c + d.
B. a + 2b = 2c + d.
C. a + b = 2c + d.
D. a + b = c+ d.
02. Cho a mol Fe vo dung dch cha b mol dung dch AgNO3. a v b c quan h nh th no
thu c dung dch Fe(NO3)3 duy nht sau phn ng?
A. b =2a.
B. b a.
C. b=3a.
D. b a.
03. Dung dch A cha cc ion Na+: a mol; HCO3: b mol; CO32: c mol; SO42: d mol. to
ra kt ta ln nht ngi ta dng 100 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 nng x mol/l. Lp biu
thc tnh x theo a v b.
74
A. x = a + b.
B. x = a b.
C. x =
ab
.
0,2
D. x =
ab
.
0,1
04. Dung dch X cha a mol NaAlO2. Khi thm vo dung dch X b mol hoc 2b mol dung dch
a
HCl th lng kt ta sinh ra u nh nhau. T s c gi tr bng
b
A. 1.
B. 1,25.
C. 1,5.
D. 1,75.
05. Oxi ha mt lng Fe thnh hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 cn a mol Oxi. Kh hon
a
ton hn hp X thnh Fe cn b mol Al. T s
c gi tr bng
b
A. 0,75.
B. 1.
C. 1,25.
D. 1,5.
06. C mt lng anehit HCHO c chia lm 2 phn bng nhau, mi phn cha a mol
HCHO.
- Phn 1: Cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 thu c m gam Ag.
- Phn 2: Oxi ha bng Oxi thnh HCOOH vi hiu sut 40% thu c dung dch A. Cho
m
A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 thu c m gam Ag. T s
c gi tr bng
m
A. 0,2.
B. 0,4.
C. 0,6.
D. 0,8.
07. A l axit cha ba nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Cho 0,015 mol A tc dng vi dung
dch cha a mol Ba(OH)2 thu c dung dch B. Ngi ta nhn thy:
Nu a = 0,01 mol th dung dch B lm qu tm.
Nu a = 0,02 mol th dung dch B lm xanh qu tm. B c cng thc cu to:
A. CH3CH2COOH.
B. CH2=CHCOOH.
C. CHCCOOH.
D. HOOCCH2COOH.
08. C 2 axit hu c no: (A) l axit n chc v (B) l axit a chc. Hn hp (X) cha x mol
(A) v y mol (B). t chy hon ton (X) th thu c 11,2 lt CO2 (ktc). Cho x + y = 0,3
v MA < MB. Vy cng thc phn t ca (A) l:
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. C3H7COOH.
09. Hn hp A gm Al v Fe2O3 c khi lng trung bnh l M A . Tin hnh phn ng nhit
nhm, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp B c khi lng phn t trung bnh l M B .
Quan h gia M A v M B l
A. M A = M B .
B. M A > M B .
C. M A < M B .
D. M A M B .
10. Kh hon ton mt lng oxit st cn V lt H2. ha tan hon ton lng st sinh ra trn
trong dung dch HCl thy to ra V lt H2. Bit V > V (cc kh o cng iu kin). Cng
thc oxit st l
A. Fe2O3.
B. FeO.
C. Fe3O4.
D. Fe2O3 v Fe3O4.
75
1. B
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. D
8. C
9. A
10. D
Phng php 10
T CHN LNG CHT
Trong mt s cu hi v bi tp trc nghim chng ta c th gp mt s trng hp c
bit sau:
- C mt s bi ton tng nh thiu d kin gy b tc cho vic tnh ton.
- C mt s bi ton ngi ta cho di dng gi tr tng qut nh a gam, V lt, n mol
hoc cho t l th tch hoc t l s mol cc cht...
Nh vy kt qu gii bi ton khng ph thuc vo cht cho. Trong cc trng hp
trn tt nht ta t chn mt gi tr nh th no cho vic gii bi ton tr thnh n gin
nht.
Cch 1: Chn mt mol nguyn t, phn t hoc mt mol hn hp cc cht phn ng.
Cch 2: Chn ng t l lng cht trong u bi cho.
Cch 3: Chn cho thng s mt gi tr ph hp chuyn phn s phc tp v s n
gin tnh ton.
Sau y l mt s v d in hnh:
Cch 1: CHN 1 MOL CHT HOC HN HP CHT PHN NG
V d 1: Ho tan mt mui cacbonat kim loi M ha tr n bng mt lng va dung dch
H2SO4 9,8% ta thu c dung dch mui sunfat 14,18%. M l kim loi g?
B. Fe.
A. Cu.
C. Al.
D. Zn.
Hng dn gii
Chn 1 mol mui M2(CO3)n.
M2(CO3)n
nH2SO4
C (2M + 60n) gam 98n gam
M2(SO4)n + nCO2 + nH2O
(2M + 96n) gam
98n 100
1000n gam
9,8
m dd H2SO4
mdd mui mM2 (CO3 )n mdd H2SO4 mCO2

= 2M + 60n + 1000.n 44.n = (2M + 1016.n) gam.
76
C%dd mui
2M 96 100 14,18
M = 28.n
n = 2 ; M = 56 l ph hp vy M l Fe. (p n B)
2M 1016 n
V d 2: Cho dung dch axit axetic c nng x% tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH 10%
th thu c dung dch mui c nng 10,25%. Vy x c gi tr no sau y?
A. 20%.
C. 15%.
B. 16%.
D.13%.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol CH3COOH:
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
60 gam 40 gam
m dd CH3COOH
82 gam
60 100
gam
x
m ddNaOH
40 100
400 gam
10
m dd mui
60 100
82 100
400
gam.
x
10,25
x = 15%. (p n C).
V d 3: (Cu 1 - M 231 - Khi A - TSC 2007)

Khi ha tan hiroxit kim loi M(OH)2 bng mt lng va dung dch H2SO4
20% thu c dung dch mui trung ho c nng 27,21%. Kim loi M l
A. Cu.
B. Zn.
C. Fe.
D. Mg.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol M(OH)2 tham gia phn ng
M(OH)2 + H2SO4
MSO4 + 2H2O
C (M + 34) gam 98 gam (M + 96) gam

98 100
490 gam
20
m dd H2SO4
m dd MSO4 M 34 490
M = 64
M 96 100
27,21
M l Cu. (p n A)
V d 4: Hn hp X gm N2 v c H2 c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 3,6. Sau khi tin hnh

phn ng tng hp c hn hp Y c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 4. Hiu sut phn
ng tng hp l
A. 10%.
B. 15%.
C. 20%.
D. 25%.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol hn hp X, ta c:
mx = M X = 7,2 gam.
t n N2 a mol , ta c:
28a + 2(1 a) = 7,2
a = 0,2
77
n N2 0,2 mol v n H2 0,8 mol H2 d.

xt, t
2NH3
3H2
p
o
N2
Ban u:
0,2
0,8
Phn ng:
3x
2x
(0,2 x) (0,8 3x)
Sau phn ng:
2x
nY = (1 2x) mol
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c mX = mY
mY
MY
nY
1 2x
7,2
8
x = 0,05.
Hiu sut phn ng tnh theo N2 l
0,05 100
25% . (p n D)
0,2
V d 5: Hn hp A gm mt Anken v hiro c t khi so vi H2 bng 6,4. Cho A i qua

niken nung nng c hn hp B c t khi so vi H2 bng 8 (gi thit hiu sut
phn ng xy ra l 100%). Cng thc phn t ca anken l
A. C2H4.
C. C4H8.
B. C3H6.
D. C5H10.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol hn hp A gm (a mol CnH2n v (1a) mol H2)
Ta c:
14.n.a + 2(1 a) = 12,8
(1)
Hn hp B c M 16 14n (vi n 2) trong hn hp B c H2 d

Ni, t
CnH2n+2
CnH2n + H2
o
Ban u:
a mol (1a) mol
Phn ng:
a mol
Sau phn ng hn hp B gm (1 2a) mol H2 d v a mol CnH2n+2. tng nB = 1 2a.

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c mA = mB
nB
mB
MB
1 2a
12,8
16
a = 0,2 mol.
Thay a = 0,2 vo (1) ta c 140,2n + 2(1 0,2) = 12,8
n = 4 anken l C4H8. (p n C)
V d 6: Oxi ha C2H5OH bng CuO nung nng, thu c hn hp cht lng gm CH3CHO,
C2H5OH d v H2O c M = 40 vC. Hiu sut phn ng oxi ha l
A. 25%.
B. 35%.
C. 45%.
D. 55%.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol C2H5OH. t a mol C2H5OH b oxi ha. Vy a l hiu sut ca phn ng oxi
ha ru.
78
t
C2H5OH + CuO
CH3CHO + H2O + Cu
o
Ban u:
1 mol
Oxi ha:
a mol a mol a mol
Sau phn ng: (1 a) mol C2H5OH d

M
a mol a mol
46(1 a) 44a 18a

40
1 a
a = 0,25 hay hiu sut l 25%. (p n A)
V d 7: Hn hp X gm N2 v H2 c M X 12,4 . Dn X i qua bnh ng bt Fe ri nung

nng bit rng hiu sut tng hp NH3 t 40% th thu c hn hp Y. M Y c gi
tr l
A. 15,12.
C. 14,76.
B. 18,23.
D. 13,48.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol hn hp X mX = 12,4 gam gm a mol N2 v (1 a) mol H2.
28a + 2(1 a) = 12,4 a = 0,4 mol
n H2 0,6 mol
xt, t
2NH3 (vi hiu sut 40%)

3H2
p
o
N2
Ban u:
0,4
Phn ng:
0,08 0,60,4 0,16 mol
0,6
Sau phn ng: 0,32

Tng:
0,36
0,16 mol
nY = 0,32 + 0,36 + 0,16 = 0,84 mol;
Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c: mX = mY.
MY
12,4
14,76 gam . (p n C)
0,84
V d 8: Phng in qua O2 c hn hp kh O2, O3 c M 33 gam. Hiu sut phn ng l

A. 7,09%.
B. 9,09%.
C. 11,09%.
D.13,09%.
Hng dn gii
TL
3O2
2O3
Chn 1 mol hn hp O2, O3 ta c:
nO2 a mol n O3 1 a mol .

32a 48 1 a 33 a
15
mol O 2
16
15 1
mol
16 16
n O3 1
n O2 b oxi ho
1 3 3

mol
16 2 32
79
3
100
32
9,09% . (p n B)
3 15
32 16
Hiu sut phn ng l:
V d 9: Ho tan hon ton mt lng kim loi R ha tr n bng dung dch H2SO4 long ri
c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c mt lng mui khan c khi lng gp 5
ln khi lng kim loi R ban u em ho tan. Kim loi R l
A. Al.
B. Ba.
D. Mg.
C. Zn.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol kim loi ng vi R (gam) tham gia phn ng.
2R + nH2SO4 R2(SO4)n + nH2
C R (gam)
2R 96n
gam mui
2
2R 96n 5R
R = 12n tha mn vi n = 2.
Vy: R = 24 (Mg). (p n D)
Cch 2: CHN NG T L LNG CHT TRONG U BI CHO
V d 10: (Cu 48 - M 182 - khi A - TSH 2007)
Hn hp gm hirocacbon X v oxi c t l s mol tng ng l 1:10. t chy
hon ton hn hp trn thu c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y qua dung dch H2SO4 c,
thu c hn hp kh Z c t khi i vi hiro bng 19. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H8.
C. C4H8.
B. C3H6.
D. C3H4.
Hng dn gii
t hn hp gm hirocacbon X gm CxHy (1 mol) v O2 (10 mol ).
y
y
CxHy + x O2 xCO2 + H2O

2
4
1 mol x mol x mol

4
y
mol
2
Hn hp kh Z gm x mol CO2 v 10 x mol O2 d.

4
M Z 19 2 38
(n CO2 ) 44
38
(n O2 ) 32
Vy:
80
x 10 x
y
4
8x = 40 y.
x = 4, y = 8 tho mn p n C.
n co2
n o2
1
1
V d 11: A l hn hp gm mt s hirocacbon th kh, B l khng kh. Trn A vi B

cng nhit p sut theo t l th tch (1:15) c hn hp kh D. Cho D vo bnh
kn dung tch khng i V. Nhit v p sut trong bnh l toC v p atm. Sau khi
t chy A trong bnh ch c N2, CO2 v hi nc vi VCO2 : VH2O 7 : 4 a bnh
v toC.
p sut trong bnh sau khi t l p1 c gi tr l
A. p1
C. p1
47
p.
48
B. p1 = p.
16
p.
17
3
D. p1 p.
5
Hng dn gii
t A:
y
y
CxHy + x O2 xCO2 + H 2O
2
4
V phn ng ch c N2, H2O, CO2 cc hirocacbon b chy ht v O2 va .

Chn n Cx H y 1 nB = 15 mol n O2 p. x
n N2 4n O2 12 mol
x 3
4
x : y 2 7 : 4
x=
y 15
3 mol.
4 5
7
8
; y=
3
3
V nhit v th tch khng i nn p sut t l vi s mol kh, ta c:

47
p1 7 3 4 3 12 47
p. (p n A)
p1
p
1 15
48
48
Cch 3: CHN GI TR CHO THNG S

V d 12: t chy hon ton a gam hn hp X hai hirocacbon A, B thu c
132.a
gam
41
45a
gam H 2O . Nu thm vo hn hp X mt na lng A c trong hn
41
165a
60,75a
gam CO 2 v
gam H 2O .
hp X ri t chy hon ton th thu c
41
41
Bit A, B khng lm mt mu nc Br2.
CO2 v
a) Cng thc phn t ca A l

A. C2H2.
B. C2H6.
C. C6H12.
D. C6H14.
C. C4H4.
D. C8H8.
b) Cng thc phn t ca B l

A. C2H2.
B. C6H6.
c) Phn trm s mol ca A, B trong hn hp X l.

A. 60%; 40%.
B. 25%; 75%.
81
C. 50%; 50%.
D. 30%; 70%.
Hng dn gii
a) Chn a = 41 gam.
n CO2
132
45
3 mol v n H2O
2,5 mol .
44
18
t X A
2
n CO2
165
60,75
3,75 mol v n H2O
3,375 mol .
44
18
t X
1
A thu c (3,75 3) = 0,75 mol CO2 v (3,375 2,5) = 0,875 mol H2O.
2
t chy A thu c nCO2 1,5 mol v n H2O 1,75 mol .

v n H2O nCO2 A thuc loi ankan, do :
C n H 2n 2
n CO2
n H 2O
3n 1
O2
nCO2 n 1 H 2O
2
n
1,5
n = 6 A l C6H14. (p n D)
n 1 1,75
b) t B thu c (3 1,5) = 1,5 mol CO2 v (2,5 1,75) = 0,75 mol H2O
Nh vy
nC
1,5
1
cng thc tng qut ca B l (CH)n v X khng lm mt
n H 0,75 2 1
mu nc Brom nn B thuc aren B l C6H6. (p n B)

c) V A, B c cng s nguyn t C (6C) m lng CO2 do A, B to ra bng nhau (1,5
mol) nA = nB.
%nA = %nB = 50%. (p n C)
V d 13: Trn a gam hn hp X gm 2 hirocacbon C6H14 v C6H6 theo t l s mol (1:1)

275a
gam CO2
vi m gam mt hirocacbon D ri t chy hon ton th thu c
82
94,5a
v
gam H2O.
82
a) D thuc loi hirocacbon no
A. CnH2n+2.
B. CmH2m2.
C. CnH2n.
D. CnHn.
b) Gi tr m l
A. 2,75 gam.
B. 3,75 gam.
Hng dn gii
a) Chn a = 82 gam
t X v m gam D (CxHy) ta c:
275
6,25 mol
CO
2
44
n H O 94,5 5,25 mol

2
18
82
C. 5 gam.
D. 3,5 gam.
t D:
C6H14 +
19
O2 6CO2 + 7H2O
2
C6H6
15
O2 6CO2 + 3H2O
2
y
y
Cx H y x O2
xCO2 H 2O
4
2
t nC6H14 n C6H6 b mol ta c:

86b + 78b = 82
b = 0,5 mol.
t 82 gam hn hp X thu c:
n CO2 0,5 6 6 6 mol
n H2O 0,5 7 3 5 mol
t chy m gam D thu c:
nCO2 6,25 6 0,25 mol

n H2O 5,25 5 0,25 mol
Do nCO2 n H2O D thuc CnH2n. (p n C)
b)
mD = mC + mH = 0,25(12 + 2) = 3,5 gam. (p n D)
V d 14: X l hp kim gm (Fe, C, Fe3C), trong hm lng tng cng ca Fe l 96%,

hm lng C n cht l 3,1%, hm lng Fe3C l a%. Gi tr a l
B. 13,5.
A. 10,5.
C. 14,5.
D. 16.
Hng dn gii
Xt 100 gam hn hp X ta c mC = 3,1 gam, m Fe3C = a gam v s gam Fe tng cng l
96 gam.
m C trong Fe3C 100 96 3,1
a = 13,5. (p n B)
12a
180
V d 15: Nung m gam X cha 80% khi lng gam CaCO3 (phn cn li l tp cht tr)
mt thi gian thu c cht rn Y cha 45,65 % CaO. Tnh hiu sut phn hy
CaCO3.
B. 75%.
A. 50%.
C. 80%.
D. 70%.
Hng dn gii
Chn mX = 100 gam mCaCO 3 80 gam v khi lng tp cht bng 20 gam.
t
CaO
CaCO3
o
Phng trnh: 100 gam 56 gam
CO2
(hiu sut = h)
44 gam
83
Phn ng:
80 gam
56.80
.h
100
44.80
.h
100
Khi lng cht rn cn li sau khi nung l

m X m CO2 100
84
44.80.h
.
100
56 80
45,65
44 80 h
h
100
100
100
100
h = 0,75 hiu sut phn ng bng 75%. (p n B)
Phn th hai
25 THI TH TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG

S 01
1. Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca Fe, bit Fe c s th t 26 trong bng tun hon.
A. 1s22s2 2p63s23p64s23d6.
B. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d64s2.
C. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d74s1.
D. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d8.
2. Khi st trong khng kh m thng b

A. thu phn.
B. kh.
C. oxi ha.
D. phn hu.
3. Chn 1 ha cht di y nhn bit cc cht bt sau: K2O, CaO, Al2O3, MgO
A. H2O.
B. dd HCl.
C. dd NaOH.
D. dd H2SO4.
4. t hn hp bt st v it d thu c
A. FeI2.
B. FeI3.
C. hn hp FeI2 v FeI3.
D. khng phn ng.
5. Khi cho Na vo cc dung dch Fe2(SO4)3, FeCl2, AlCl3, th c hin tng no xy ra c 3

cc:
A. c kt ta.
B. c kh thot ra.
C. c kt ta ri tan.
D. khng c hin tng g.
6. iu ch Na ngi ta dng phng php

A. nhit phn NaNO3.
B. in phn dung dch NaCl.
C. in phn nng chy NaCl.
D. cho K phn ng vi dung dch NaCl.
7. Ho tan hon ton hp kim Li, Na v K vo nc thu c 4,48 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch
X. C cn X thu c 16,2 gam cht rn. Khi lng hp kim trn l:
A. 9,4 gam.
B. 12,8 gam.
C. 16,2 gam.
D. 12,6 gam.
8. Cc cht NaHCO3, NaHS, Al(OH)3, H2O u l

A. axit.
B. baz.
C. cht trung tnh.
D. cht lng tnh.
9. Cho cc dung dch HCl va , kh CO2, dung dch AlCl3 ln lt vo 3 cc ng dung

dch NaAlO2 u thy
A. c kh thot ra.
B. dung dch trong sut.
C. c kt ta keo trng.
D. c kt ta sau tan dn.
10. Cho 3,87 gam Mg v Al vo 200ml dung dch X gm HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,5M thu c
dung dch B v 4,368 lt H2 ktc. Phn trm khi lng ca Mg v Al trong hn hp ln
lt l
85
A. 72,09% v 27,91%.
B. 62,79% v 37,21%.
C. 27,91% v 72,09%.
D. 37,21% v 62,79%.
11. Dung dch no sau y khng dn c in:

A. mui n.
B. axit axetic.
C. axit sunfuric. D. ru etylic.

12. Tng nng mol (CM) ca cc ion trong dung dch natriphotphat 0,1M l
A. 0,5 M.
B. 0,4M.
C. 0,3M.
D. 0,1M.
13. em nung mt khi lng Cu(NO3)2 sau mt thi gian dng li, lm ngui, ri cn thy
khi lng gim 0,54g. Vy khi lng mui Cu(NO3)2 b nhit phn l:
A. 0,5g.
B. 0,49g.
C. 9,4g.
D. 0,94g.
[H ][F ]
.
C.
[HF]
[H ][F ]
.
D.
2[HF]
14. Biu thc Ka ca axit HF l

[HF]
A.
.
[H ][F ]
B. [H ][F ].
15. Hiroxit no sau y khng l cht lng tnh

A. Zn(OH)2.
B. Fe(OH)3.
C. Al(OH)3.
D. Cr(OH)3.
16. Trn 500 ml dung dch HNO3 0,2M vi 500 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M. pH ca dung
dch thu c l
A. 13.
B. 12.
C. 7.
D. 1.
17. nh gi mnh yu ca axit, baz, ngi ta da vo

A. in li.
B. kh nng phn li ra ion H+, OH.
C. gi tr pH.
D. hng s phn li axit, baz (Ka, Kb).
18. Cc ion no sau y khng th cng tn ti trong mt dung dch:

A. Na+, Mg2+, NO3, SO42.
B. Ba2+, Al3+, Cl, HSO4.
C. Cu2+, Fe3+, SO42, Cl.
D. K+, NH4+, OH, PO43.
19. HNO3 c th phn ng vi c nhng kim loi ng sau H trong dy hot ng ho hc cc

kim loi v
A. HNO3 l mt axit mnh.
B. HNO3 c tnh oxi ho mnh.
C. HNO3 d b phn hu.
D. c 3 l do trn.
20. Chn khi nim ng v th hnh

A. Th hnh l cc cht c cng cng thc phn t nhng khc nhau v cng thc
cu to.
B. Th hnh l cc nguyn t c cng s proton nhng khc nhau s ntron.
C. Th hnh l cc n cht ca cng mt nguyn t nhng c cng thc cu to
khc nhau.
D. Th hnh l cc nguyn t c cng s n v in tch ht nhn, khc nhau v s
khi.
86
21. Cho 12 gam dung dch NaOH 10% tc dng vi 5,88 gam dung dch H3PO4 20% thu c
dung dch X. dung dch X cha cc mui sau:
A. Na3PO4.
B. Na2HPO4.
C. NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4.
D. Na2HPO4, Na3PO4.
22. Cho 8,8 gam hai kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II v hai chu k lin tip tc
dng vi HCl d, thu c 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l
A. Be v Mg.
B. Mg v Ca.
C. Mg v Zn.
D. Ca v Ba.
23. in phn dung dch KCl n khi c bt kh thot ra c hai in cc th dng li. Dung
dch thu c c mi trng
A. axit.
B. baz.
C. trung tnh.
D. khng xc nh c.
24. Lng qung boxit cha 60% Al2O3 sn xut 1 tn Al (hiu sut 100%) l
A. 3,148 tn.
B. 4,138 tn.
C. 1,667 tn.
D. 1,843 tn.
25. Sp xp cc cp oxi ho kh sau theo th t tng dn tnh oxi ho Mn2+/Mn, Cu2+/Cu,

Ag+/Ag, 2H+/H2:
A. Mn2+/Mn < Cu2+/Cu < Ag+/Ag < 2H+/H2.
B. Mn2+/Mn < 2H+/H2 < Cu2+/Cu < Ag+/Ag.
C. Mn2+/Mn < Cu2+/Cu <2H+/H2 < Ag+/Ag.
D. Mn2+/Mn < 2H+/H2 < Ag+/Ag < Cu2+/Cu.
26. Oxit cao nht ca nguyn t X l XO2. Hp cht hirua ca X c cng thc l
A. XH.
B. XH2.
C. XH3.
D. XH4.
27. Da vo quy lut bin i tnh cht ca bng HTTH th kim loi mnh nht v phi kim
mnh nht l
A. franxi v iot. B. liti v flo.
C. liti v iot.
D. franxi v flo.
28. Trong mt chu k, s bin i tnh axit - baz ca cc oxit cao nht v cc hiroxit tng
ng theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn l
A. tnh axit v baz u tng.
B. tnh axit v baz u gim.
C. tnh axit tng dn, tnh baz gim dn.
D. tnh axit gim dn, tnh baz tng dn.
29. Hai nguyn t A v B thuc cng mt phn nhm chnh chu k 2 v 3 c s n v in
tch ht nhn hn km nhau l
A. 8.
B. 18.
C. 2.
D. 10.
30. Nguyn t ca nguyn t ha hc no c cu hnh electron sau:

1s22s22p63s23p64s1
A. Na.
B. Ca.
C. K.
D. Ba.
31. Nguyen t X c tng s ht (p + n + e) = 24. Bit s ht p = s ht n. X l

A. 13Al.
B. 8O.
C. 20Ca.
D. 17Cl.
87
32. phn bit mantoz v saccaroz ngi ta lm nh sau:

A. Cho cc cht ln lt tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3.
B. Thu phn tng cht ri ly sn phm cho tc dng vi dung dch Br2.
C. Thu phn sn phm ri ly sn phm cho tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/NH3.
D. Cho cc cht ln lt tc dng vi Cu(OH)2.
33. Thc hin phn ng tch nc vi mt ru n chc A iu kin thch hp, sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hp cht hu c B c t khi hi so vi A bng 1,7.
Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. CH3OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH.
D. C3H5OH.
34. Tnh khi lng r etylic cn thit pha c 5 lt ru etylic 90o. Bit khi lng
ring ca ru nguyn cht l 0,8 gam/ml.
A. 3,6 kg.
B. 6,3 kg.
C. 4,5 kg.
D. 5,625 kg.
35. Cng thc n gin nht ca axit hu c A l CH2O. Khi t chy 1 mol A th thu c 4
mol kh cacbonic. A c CTPT:
A. C2H4O2.
B. C4H4O2.
C. C4H8O2.
D. C4H8O4.
36. Hp cht A1 c CTPT C3H6O2 tho mn s :

dd AgNO3 / NH3
dd NaOH
dd H2SO4
A1
A2
A3
A4
Cu to tho mn ca A1 l
A. HOCH2CH2CHO.
B. CH3CH2COOH.
C. HCOOCH2CH3.
D. CH3COCH2OH.
37. Trung ho 12 gam hn hp ng s mol gm axit fomic v mt axit hu c n chc X

bng NaOH thu c 16,4 gam hai mui. Cng thc ca axit l
A. C2H5COOH. B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H3COOH. D. C3H7COOH.
38. Mt axit hp cht hu c c t l khi lng c nguyn t m C : m H : m O = 3 : 0,5 : 4 l

A. Cng thc n gin nht ca X l CH2O.
B. Cng thc phn t ca X l C2H4O.
C. Cng thc cu to ca X l CH3COOH.
D. C A, B, C.
39. Mui Na+, K+ ca cc axit bo cao c dng lm
A. x phng.
B. cht dn din.
C. sn xut Na2CO3.
D. cht xc tc.
40. Nhit si ca cc cht CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, C2H6, tng theo th t l

A. C2H6 < CH3CHO < CH3COOH < C2H5OH.
B. CH3COOH < C2H5OH < CH3CHO < C2H6.
C. C2H6 < C2H5OH < CH3CHO < CH3COOH.
D. C2H6 < CH3CHO < C2H5OH < CH3COOH.
88
41. Cho hp cht (CH3)2CHCH2COOH. Tn gi ng theo danh quc t ng vi cu to trn

l
A. axit 3-metylbutanoic.
B. axit 3-metylbutan-1-oic.
C. axit isobutiric.
D. axit 3-metylpentanoic.
42. S nguyn t C trong 2 phn t isobutiric l

A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
43. Mt hp cht c cng thc phn t C3H7O2N l cht lng tnh v lm mt mu dung dch
brom. CTCT ca hp cht trn l
A. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
B. CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
C. CH2=CHCOONH4.
D. A hoc B.
44. Phn ng gia nhiu phn t nh to thnh phn t ln, sau phn ng c gii phng cc
phn t nh, gi l phn ng
A. trng hp.
B. trng ngng. C. cng hp.
D. tch nc.
45. Lin kt ba l lin kt gm

A. 3 lin kt .
B. 3 lin kt .
C. 2 lin kt v 1 lin kt .
D. 1 lin kt v 2 lin kt .
46. Hai hirocacbon A v B u trng thi kh, A c cng thc C 2xHy, B c cng thc
CxH2x. Tng s khi ca A v B l 80. A v B l
A. C4H4 v C2H4.
B. C4H8 v C2H4.
C. C2H4v C4H4.
D. C3H4 v C3H6.
47. Phn cng gia ivinyl vi HBr theo t l mol 1:1 thu c ti a my sn phm?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
48. Ankadien lin hp l tn gi ca cc hp cht m

A. trong phn t c 2 lin kt i.
B. trong phn t c 2 lin kt i cch nhau 1 lin kt n.
C. trong phn t c 2 lin kt i cch nhau 2 lin kt n tr ln.
D. trong phn t c 2 lin kt i lin k nhau.
49. Nilon-7 c iu ch bng phn ng ngng t amino axit no sau?
A. H2N(CH2)6NH2.
B. H2N(CH2)6COOH.
C. H2N(CH2)6NH2 v HOOC(CH2)6COOH.
D. CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
50. PS l sn phm ca phn ng trng hp monome no sau y?
A. CH2=CH2.
B. CH2=CHCl.
C. C6H5CH=CH2.
D. CH2=CHCH=CH2.
89
S 02
1. Bit Fe c s th t 26 trong bng tun hon. Cu hnh no sau y l ca Fe2+?
A. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d6.
B. 1s22s2 2p63s23p64s23d4.
C. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d44s2.
D. 1s22s2 2p63s23p64s13d5.
2. Loi qung c thnh phn ch yu l Fe2O3 gi l

A. manhetit.
B. xierit.
C. pirit.
D. hemantit.
3. Trong cc phn ng ho hc st kim loi lun th hin tnh cht g?

A. Tnh oxi ha.
B. Tnh cht kh.
C. va th hin tnh oxi ha va th hin tnh kh
D. t oxi ha kh.
4. nhn ra cc cht rn: Na2O, Al2O3, Al, Fe, CaC2, ch cn dng
A. H2O.
B. dd HCl.
C. dd NaOH.
D. dd H2SO4.
5. T mui n, nc v iu kin cn thit khng th iu ch c

A. nc Javen.
B. axit HCl.
C. dd NaOH.
D. dd NaHCO3.
6. Khi cho NaHCO3 phn ng vi cc dung dch H2SO4 long v Ba(OH)2, chng minh
rng
A. NaHCO3 c tnh axit.
B. NaHCO3 c tnh baz.
C. NaHCO3 c tnh lng tnh.
D. NaHCO3 c th to mui.
7. Phn ng: Cl2 + 2NaOH NaClO + NaCl + H2O

chng minh rng:
A. clo c tnh ty mu.
90
B. tnh baz mnh ca NaOH.

C. phn ng oxi ho kh ni phn t.
D. phn ng t oxi ho kh.
8. Mt hn hp gm hai bt kim loi Mg v Al c chia thnh hai phn bng nhau.
- Phn 1: cho tc dng vi HCl d thu c 3,36 lt H2.
- Phn 2: ho tan ht trong HNO3 long d thu c V lt mt kh khng mu, ho nu
trong khng kh (cc th tch kh u o ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,6 lt.
C. dd H2SO4.
D. Cu(OH)2.
9. phn bit Al, Al2O3, Mg c th dng

A. dd KOH.
B. dd HCl.
3+
10. Tng s ht trong ion M l 37. V tr ca M trong bng tun hon l

A. chu k 3, nhm IIIA.
B. chu k 3, nhm IIA.
C. chu k 3, nhm VIA.
D. chu k 4, nhm IA.
11. Dy cht no sau y l cc cht in li mnh?

A. NaCl, CuSO4, Fe(OH)3, HBr
B. KNO3, H2SO4, CH3COOH, NaOH.

C. CuSO4, HNO3, NaOH, MgCl2.
D. KNO3, NaOH, C2H5OH, HCl.
12. Khi thay i nhit ca dung dch cht in li th
A. in li v hng s in li u thay i.
B. in li v hng s in li u khng i.
C. in li thay i v hng s in li khng i.
D. in li khng i v hng s in li thay i.
Chn cu ng?
13. Dung dch nhm sunfat c nng Al3+ l 0,9M. Nng ca ion SO42 l
A. 0,9M.
B. 0,6M.
C. 0,45M.
D. 1,35M.
14. Dy cht, ion no sau y l axit?

A. HCOOH, HS, NH4+, Al3+.
B. Al(OH)3, HSO4, HCO3, S2.
C. HSO4, H2S, NH4+, Fe3+.
D. Mg2+, ZnO, HCOOH, H2SO4.
15. Dung dch HCOOH 0,01 mol/lt c

A. pH = 7.
B. pH > 7.
C. pH < 7.
D. 2 < pH <7.
16. Dung dch HNO3 c pH = 2. Cn pha long dung dch trn bao nhiu ln thu c dung
dch c pH = 3?
A. 1,5 ln.
B. 10 ln.
C. 2 ln.
D. 5 ln.
17. Hp th 3,36 lt SO2 (ktc) vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Hi dung dch thu c c
cha cht g?
A. Na2SO3.
B. NaHSO3, Na2SO3.
91
C. NaHSO3.
D. Na2SO3, NaOH.
18. S thu phn mui amoni cacbonat s to ra

A. axit yu v baz mnh.
B. axit yu v baz yu.
C. axit mnh v baz yu.
D. axit mnh v baz mnh.
19. iu no sau y khng ng?

A. i t nit n bitmut, tnh axit ca cc oxit tng dn, tnh baz gim dn.
B. Hp cht vi hiro ca cc nguyn t nhm nit c cng thc chung l RH3.
C. Trong cc hp cht, cc nguyn t nhm nit c s oxi ho cao nht l +5.
D. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t nhm nit l ns2np3.
20. C th dng dy cht no sau y lm kh kh amoniac
A. CaCl2 khan, P2O5, CuSO4 khan.
B. H2SO4 c, CaO khan, P2O5.
C. NaOH rn, Na, CaO khan.
D. CaCl2 khan, CaO khan, NaOH rn.
21. in phn dung dch cha HCl v KCl vi mng ngn xp, sau mt thi gian thu c
dung dch ch cha mt cht tan v c pH = 12. Vy:
A. ch c HCl b in phn.
B. ch c KCl b in phn.
C. HCl b in phn ht, KCl b in phn mt phn.
D. HCl v KCl u b in phn ht.
22. C 2 bnh in phn mc ni tip bnh 1 cha CuCl2, bnh 2 cha AgNO3. Khi anot ca
bnh 1 thot ra 22,4 lt mt kh duy nht th anot ca bnh 2 thot ra bao nhiu lt kh?
A. 11,2 lt.
B. 22,4 lt.
C. 33,6 lt.
D. 44,8 lt.
23. Cho mt s nguyn t sau 10Ne, 11Na, 8O, 16S. Cu hnh electron sau: 1s22s22p6 khng phi
l ca ht no trong s cc ht di y?
A. Nguyn t Ne.
B. Ion Na+.
C. Ion S2.
D. Ion O2.
24. Nhng iu khng nh no sau y khng phi bao gi cng ng?

A. S hiu nguyn t bng in tch ht nhn.
B. Trong nguyn t s proton bng s ntron.
C. S proton trong ht nhn bng s electron lp v nguyn t.
D. Ch c ht nhn nguyn t Na mi c 11 proton.
25. Tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong dy VIA: 8O, 16S, 34Se, 52Te
A. tng.
B. gim.
C. khng thay i.
D. va tng va gim.
26. Cc nguyn t thuc nhm IIA trong bng h thng tun hon
A. d dng cho cho 2e t cu hnh bn vng.
B. d dng nhn 2e t cu hnh bn vng.
92
C. d dng nhn 6e t cu hnh bn vng.

D. L cc phi kim hot ng mnh.
27. Ion Y c cu hnh electron: 1s22s22p63s23p6. V tr ca Y trong bng HTTH l
A. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA.
B. Chu k 3, nhm VIIIA.
C. Chu k 4, nhm IA.
D. Chu k 4, nhm VIA.
28. Cho 5,4 gam mt kim loi tc dng ht vi clo, thu c 26,7 gam mui clorua. Kim loi
dng l
A. Fe.
B. Al.
C. Zn.
D. Mg.
29. Cho hn hp A gm Al v Fe tc dng vi dung dch CuCl2. Khuy u hn hp, lc ra

kt ta, thu c dung dch B v cht rn C. Thm vo B mt lng dung dch NaOH
long d, lc ra kt ta mi to thnh. Nung kt ta trong khng kh nhit cao
thu c cht rn D gm hai oxit kim loi. Tt c cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Hai
oxit kim loi l
A. Al2O3, Fe2O3.
B. Al2O3, CuO.
C. Fe2O3, CuO.
D. Al2O3, Fe3O4.
30. Ghp thnh cu ng?

Kh amoniac lm giy qu tm m
A. chuyn thnh mu .
B. chuyn thnh mu xanh.
C. khng i mu.
D. mt mu.
31. Cho bit trong phn ng sau

4HNO3 c nng + Cu Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + H2O
HNO3 ng vai tr l
A. cht oxi ho. B. axit.
C. mi trng.
D. c A v C.
32. Ho tan hon ton 16,8 gam mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr (II) trong HCl d thu c
4,48 lt (ktc) kh A. Mui cacbonat l
A. MgCO3.
B. CaCO3.
C. BaCO3.
D. ZnCO3.
33. Cho V lt CO2 (ktc) phn ng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 2M thu c 10
gam kt ta. V c gi tr l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 22,4 lt.
C. 15,68 lt.
D. A hoc C.
34. Ho tan hon ton 15,9 gam hn hp gm 3 kim loi Al, Mg v Cu bng dung dch HNO3
thu c 6,72 lt kh NO v dung dch X. em c cn dung dch X thu c bao nhiu
gam mui khan?
A. 77,1 gam.
B. 71,7 gam.
C. 17,7 gam.
D. 53,1 gam.
35. Cng thc tng qut ca este to bi axit X n chc v ru Y a chc l

A. R(COOR1).
B. R(COO)nR1.
C. (ROOC)nR1(COOR)m.
D. (RCOO)nR1.
36. Hai este A, B l ng phn ca nhau. 17,6 gam hn hp ny chim th tch bng th tch
ca 6,4 gam oxi cng iu kin. Hai este A, B l
A. CH3COOCH3 v HCOOC2H5. B. CH3COOC2H5 v HCOOC3H7.
93
C. HCOOC3H7 v C3H7COOH.
D. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.
37. Hai cht l ng phn cu to ca nhau th:

A. c cng khi lng phn t.
B. c cng thc cu to tng t nhau.
C. c cng cng thc phn t.
D. c cng cng thc n gin nht.
38. C4H8O2 c bao nhiu ng phn n chc?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
39. Cho qu tm vo dung dch axit glutamic (axit -amino pentaioic), qu tm chuyn sang
A. mu .
B. mu xanh.
C. mt mu.
D. sau mt mu.
40. Phn ng cng hp nhiu phn t amino axit gi l phn ng

A. trng hp.
B. trng ngng. C. axit baz.
D. este ha.
41. Trong cng nghip ngi ta iu ch axit axetic theo phng php no sau y?
A. Ln men gim.
B. Oxi ho anehit axetic.
C. Tng hp t axetilen.
D. C 3 phng php trn.
42. Cho 2 phn ng:

(1) 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 2CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
(2) C6H5ONa + CO2 + H2O C6H5OH + NaHCO3
Hai ph ng trn chng t lc axit theo th t CH3COOH, H2CO3, C6H5OH, HCO3 l
A. tng dn.
B. gim dn.
C. khng thay i.
D. va tng va gim.
43. Sp xp cc cht sau theo th t lc axit gim dn: etanol (X), phenol (Y), axit benzoic
(Z), p-nitrobenzoic (T), axit axetic (P)
A. X > Y > Z > T > P.
B. X > Y > P > Z > T.
C. T > Z > P > Y > X.
D. T > P > Z > Y > X.
44. t chy hon ton hn hp hai ru n chc k tip trong dy ng ng thu c CO2
v hi nc c t l th tch VCO2 : VH2O 7 :10 . Cng thc phn t ca 2 ru l
A. CH3OH, C2H5OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C2H5OH v C3H5OH.
D. C3H5OH v C4H7OH.
45. Cho 0,1 mol mt ru A tc dng vi Kali cho 3,36 lt kh (ktc). Hi A c my nhm
chc?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. khng xc nh c.
46. iu ch anehit ngi ta dng phng php:

A. Oxi ha ru n chc.
B. Oxi ha ru bc 1.
C. Thy phn dn xut 1,1- ihalogen trong dung dch kim, un nng.
D. C B, C.
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47. Anehit no A c cng thc (C3H5O)n. Gi tr n tha mn l

A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
48. Nha Baklit c iu ch t

A. phenol v anehit axetic.
B. phenol v anehit fomic.
C. axit benzoic v etanol.
D. glixezin v axit axetic.
49. Thc hin phn ng trng gng 0,75 gam mt anehit n chc A, thu c 10,8 gam
Ag. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A.
A. CH3CHO.
B. HCHO.
C. C2H3CHO.
D. khng xc nh c.
50. trung ho 20 ml dung dch mt axit n chc cn 30 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. C
cn dung dch sau khi trung ho thu c 1,44 gam mui khan. Cng thc ca axit l
A. C2H4COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. C2H3COOH.
D. CH3COOH
S 03
1. S bin i m in ca cc nguyn t theo th t sau: 11Na, 13Al, 15P, 17Cl l
A. tng.
B. gim.
C. khng thng i.
D. va tng va gim.
2. Nu bit v tr ca mt nguyn t trong bng HTTH c th suy ra

A. n l kim loi hay phi kim.
B. ha tr cao nht i vi oxi.
C. tnh cht ca oxit v hiroxit.
D. Tt c u ng.
3. Axit no yu nht trong cc axit: HCl, HBr, HI, HF?

A. HCl.
B. HBr.
C. HI.
D. HF.
95
4. S electron ti a trong lp L (lp n = 2) l

A. 8.
B. 6.
C. 2.
D. 10.
5. Mt ion c 18 electron v 16 proton th in tch ht nhn l

A. 2.
B. +2.
C. 18.
D. +16.
6. Cc ion v nguyn t 10Ne, 11Na+, 9F c c im chung l c cng

A. s electron.
B. s proton.
C. s ntron.
D. s khi.
7. in phn dung dch cha HCl v CuCl2. Kt thc in phn khi nc bt u b in

phn c hai in cc. Dung dch thu c c
A. pH = 7.
B. pH > 7.
C. pH < 7.
D. khng xc nh c.
8. Nguyn t R to c hp cht vi hiro c cng thc RH3. Cng thc oxit cao nht ca
X l
A. RO.
B. R2O3.
C. RO2.
D. R2O5.
C. Na2CO3.
D. Ca(OH)2.
9. Cht no sau y l cht khng in li?

A. C6H6.
B. HF.
10. CH3COOH in li theo cn bng sau:

CH3COOH CH3COO + H+
Cho bit in li ca CH3COOH tng khi no?
A. Thm vi git dung dch HCl.
B. Thm vi git dung dch NaOH.
C. Thm vi git dung dch CH3COONa.
D. C A v B.
11. in li ca mt cht in li yu s thay i
A. khi thay i nhit .
B. khi thay i nng
C. khi thm vo dung dch mt cht in li mnh c cha 1 trong 2 ion ca cht in li
yu .
D. C 3 trng hp trn.
12. Cho cc bt trng K2O, MgO, Al2O3, Al4C3. phn bit cc cht trn ch cn dng thm
A. dung dch HCl.
B. H2O.
C. dung dch NaOH.
D. dung dch H2SO4.
13. Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp gm Mg v Al bng dung dch HCl thu c 0,4 mol H 2.
Nu cng cho lng hn hp ni trn tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 6,72 lt
H2 (ktc). Khi lng mi kim loi ln lt l
A. 2,4 gam v 5,4 gam.
B. 5,4 gam v 2,4 gam.
C. 1,2 gam v 5,4 gam.
C. 2,4 gam v 2,7 gam.
14. Phn ng no khng xy ra vi dung dch NaHCO3 khi

A. un nng.
96
B. tc dng vi axit.
C. tc dng vi baz.
D. tc dng vi BaCl2.
15. T Na2CO3 c th iu ch c
A. NaCl.
B. Na2SO4.
D. C A, B, C.
C. NaHCO3.
16. Ho tan ht m gam Kali trong 96,2 gam nc thu c dung dch X c khi lng ring
1,079 gam/ml (gi thit cht rn chim th tch khng ng k). Khi lng kali dng
l
A. 7,8 gam.
B. 7,6 gam.
C. 3,9 gam.
D. 10,8 gam.
17. Dng ho cht no sau y nhn bit cc dung dch: (NH4)2SO4, AlCl3, FeCl3, CuCl2,
ZnCl2
A. dd NH3.
B. dd NaOH.
C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. dd Ca(OH)2.
18. Cho Al vo hn hp FeCl3 v HCl d. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c cc
mui
A. AlCl3 v FeCl3.
B. AlCl3 v FeCl2.
C. AlCl3.
D. FeCl3.
19. Gang l hp cht ca st v cacbon trong hm lng cacbon chim

A. t 2 5%.
B. di 2%.
C. trn 5%.
D. 0%.
20. Sc mt th tch CO2 (ktc) vo 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,01M thy xut hin 0,1 gam
kt ta trng, lc kt ta ri em un nng dung dch thu c 0,1 gam kt ta na. Tnh
th tch CO2?
A. 22,4 ml.
B. 44,8 ml.
C. 67,2 ml.
D. 67,2 lt.
21. Cho 3 kim loi X, Y, Z tha mn:

X
NaOH
HCl
HNO3 c ngui
X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. Fe, Mg, Al.
B. Fe, Mg, Zn.
C. Cu, Mg, Al.
D. Mg, Fe, Al.
22. Trong phng th nghim ngi ta iu ch nit bng cch nhit phn amoni nitrit. Tnh khi
lng amoni nitrit cn nhit phn thu c 5,6 lt N2 (ktc).
A. 8 gam.
B. 32 gam.
C. 20 gam.
D. 16 gam.
23. Trn 1 lt O2 vi 1 lt NO. Hi hn hp thu c c my cht v c th tch l bao nhiu?

A. 2 cht v 2 lt.
B. 2 cht v 1,5 lt.
C. 1 cht v 1 lt.
D. 3 cht v 2 lt.
24. Phn ng no sau y l phn ng oxi ho kh?

t
2NH3 + CO2 + H2O
A. (NH4)2CO3
o
B. 4NH3 + Zn(OH)2 [Zn(NH3)4](OH)2

C. 2NH3 + H2SO4 (NH4)2SO4
97
D. 2NH3 + 3CuO N2 + 3Cu + 3H2O

25. un nng 4,6 gam Na vi 1,55 gam photpho trong iu kin khng c khng kh, sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c cht rn A. Ho tan A thu c kh B.
a) Cht rn A gm:
A. Na3P.
B. Na3P, P, Na. C. Na3P, Na.
D. Na3P, P.
B. PH3.
D. P2H4.
b) Kh B gm:
A. H2.
C. H2 v PH3.
26. T dung dch CaCl2 lm th no iu ch c Ca kim loi?

A. Cho tc dng vi Na.
B. in phn dung dch.
C. C cn ri in phn nng chy.
D. C cn ri nhit phn.
27. Halogen no sau y khng iu ch c bng cch cho axit HX tng ng phn ng vi
cht oxi ho mnh nh KMnO4, PbO2,
A. F2.
B. Cl2.
C. Br2.
D. I2.
28. C hin tng g xy ra khi cho dung dch Na2CO3 t t n d vo dung dch FeCl3?
A. Si bt kh.
B. Kt ta nu .
C. Kt ta nu v si bt kh.
D. Kt ta trng hi xanh v si bt kh.
29. St ty l st trng thic. Nu thic b xc th kim loi no b n mn trc?
A. St.
B. Thic.
C. C 2 b n mn nh nhau.
D. Khng xc nh c.
30. Thu tinh b n mn bi dung dch axit no sau y?

A. HCl.
B. H2SO4.
C. HBr.
D. HF.
31. S lng ng phn mch h phn ng c vi NaOH ng vi khi lng phn t 74

vC l:
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
32. Este A cha ti a 4 nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Thu phn hon ton A thu c B,
C. Bit rng B, C u c phn ng trng gng. CTCT ca A l
A. CH3COOCH=CH2.
B. HCOOC2H5.
C. HCOOCH=CH2.
D. HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
33. Dung dch glixin (axit amino axetic) c mi trng

A. axit.
B. baz.
C. trung tnh.
34. Nilon-6 l tn gi ca polipeptit m

A. trong phn t c 6 nguyn t cacbon.
B. trong mt mt xch c 6 nguyn t cacbon.
C. tng s nguyn t trong mt mt xch l 6.
98
D. khng xc nh.
D. phn t c 6 mt xch lin kt vi nhau.

35. Cho 3 baz: n-butylamin, anilin, amoniac sp xp cc cht theo th t tnh baz tng dn.
A. n-butylamin; anilin; amoniac. B. n-butylamin; amoniac; anilin.
C. anilin; amoniac; n-butylamin. D. anilin; n-butylamin; amoniac.
36. Sp xp cc axit sau theo lc axit tng dn: HCOOH (X), CH3CH2COOH (Y),
CHCCOOH (Z), C6H5COOH (T)
A. X < Y < Z < T.
B. Y < X < Z < T.
C. Y< X < T < Z.
D. Z < Y < X < T.
37. Cho hp cht CH2=CHCOOH, tn gi ng theo danh quc t ng vi cu to trn l

A. axit acrylic.
B. axit vinyl fomic.
C. axit propenoic.
D. Axit propanoic.
38. t chy hon ton m gam mt axit Y thu c th tch CO2 bng th tch hi nc
cng iu kin. Mt khc t khi hi ca Y so vi nit nh hn 2,5. Y c cng thc l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H3COOH. D. c A v B
39. Mt ru A mch h, khng lm mt mu dung dch nc brom. t chy hon ton a

lt hi A th cn 2,5a lt O2 cng iu kin. CTPT ca A l
A. CH3OH.
B. C2H6O2.
C. C2H4O2.
D. C3H8O3.
40. nhn bit cc ng phn n chc ca C3H6O2.

A. qu tm v Ag2O/NH3.
B. qu tm v NaOH.
C. Na2CO3 v NaOH.
D. NaOH v Ag2O/NH3.
41. Cho hn hp gm 0,2 mol ru A v 0,2 mol ru B tc dng vi Na d sinh ra 0,5 mol
H2. Mt hn hp khc gm 0,3 mol A v 0,1 mol B cng cho tc dng vi Na th sinh ra
0,45 mol H2. S nhm chc ca A v B ln lt l
A. 3 v 2.
B. 2 v 3.
C. 1 v 3.
D. 2 v 2.
42. Mt ru c CTPT C5H12O. Oxi ho ru bng CuO c un nng thu c sn phm

c phn ng trng gng. C bao nhiu CTCT tho mn iu kin trn?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D.6.
43. Ghp tn ct 1 vi cng thc ct 2 cho ph hp?

Ct 1
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
phenyl clorua
metylen clorua
allyl clorua
vinyl clorua
clorofom
Ct 2
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
CH3Cl
CH2=CHCl
CHCl3
C6H5Cl
CH2=CH-CH2Cl
CH2Cl2
A. 1-d, 2-c, 3-e, 4-b, 5-a.
B. 1-d, 2-f, 3-b, 4-e, 5-c.
C. 1-d, 2-f, 3-e, 4-b, 5-a.
D. 1-d, 2-f, 3-e, 4-b, 5-c.
99
44. 1,4-imetylbenzen c my nguyn t C trong phn t?

A. 6.
B. 7.
C. 8.
D. mt kt qu khc.
45. Hp cht no sau y iu ch c bng cch cho ankin tng ng tc dng vi H2O c
xc tc l HgSO4?
A. CH3CHO.
B. CH3COCH3.
C. CH3CH2CHO.
D. C A, B.
46. CTCT tng qut ca anken c biu din nh sau: R1R2C=CR3R4. iu kin xut
hin ng phn hnh hc l
A. R1 R2 R3 R4.
B. R1 R2 hoc R3 R4.
C. R1 R2 v R3 R4.
D. R1 R3 v R2 R4.
47. t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon A thu c 3,3 gam CO2 v 1,8 gam H2O. Cng
thc tng qut ca A l
A. CnH2n+2.
B. CnH2n.
C. CnH2n2.
D. CnH2n6.
48. Nh vi git qu tm vo dung dch anilin. Hi dung dch c mu g?

A. Mu .
B. Mu xanh.
C. Mu tm.
49. Toluen c tnh cht ha hc no m bezen khng c?

A. Phn ng chy.
B. Phn ng th halogen khi c xc tc Fe.
C. Phn ng vi dung dch KMnO4, to.
D. Phn ng th nitro vo vng benzen.
50. Phn ng no sau y chng minh cu to ca glucoz?
A. Phn ng trng gng.
B. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to phc.
C. Phn ng vi CH3COOH/H2SO4.
D. C 3 phn ng trn.
100
D. Khng mu.
S 04
1. Nguyn t X c cu hnh electron l: 1s22s22p5 th ion to ra t nguyn t X c cu hnh
electron no sau y:
A. 1s22s22p4.
B. 1s22s22p6.
C. 1s22s22p63s2. D. 1s2.
2. Nguyn t X c Z = 26. V tr ca X trong bng HTTH l

A. Chu k 4, nhm VIB.
B. Chu k 4, nhm VIIIB.
C. Chu k 4, nhm IIA.
D. Chu k 3, nhm IIB.
3. Nguyn t ca nguyn t A c xp chu k 5 c s lp electron l

A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
4. Mt nguyn t thuc phn nhm chnh nhm V c ha tr cao nht vi oxi v ha tr trong
hp cht vi hiro ln lt l
A. III v V.
B. V v V.
5. Cho 3 kim loi thuc chu k 3:

sau:
C. III v III.
11Na, 12Mg, 13Al.
D. V v III.
Tnh kh ca chng gim theo th t
A. Na > Mg > Al.
B. Al > Mg > Na.
C. Mg > Al > Na.
D. Mg > Na > Al.
6. Phn ng no sau y khng phi l phn ng axit-baz

A. H2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2O
B. 6HCl + Fe2O3 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
C. H2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2HCl
D. Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
7. Dung dch H2SO4c pH= 2 th nng ca H2SO4 l
A. 0,01M.
B. 0,1M.
C. 0,005M.
D. 0,05M.
8. Sc V lt CO2 (ktc) vo 300ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1,5M d thy xut hin 59,1 gam kt
ta trng. Tnh V?
A. 6,72 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 13,44 lt.
D. 6,72 lt hoc 13,44 lt.
9. Loi mui no sau y khng b thu phn?

A. Mui to bi axit yu v baz yu.
B. Mui to bi axit yu v baz mnh.
C. Mui to bi axit mnh v baz yu.
D. Mui to bi axit mnh v baz mnh.
10. in phn nng chy 34 gam mt oxit kim loi thu c 10,8 gam kim loi catot v
6,72 lt kh anot. Cng thc ca oxit trn l
A. Fe2O3.
B. Al2O3.
C. Na2O.
D. CaO.
101
11. Mun m ng ln mt thanh st bng phng php in ha th phi tin hnh in phn
vi in cc g v dung dch g?
A. Cc m l ng, cc dng l st, dung dch mui st.
B. Cc m l ng, cc dng l st, dung dch mui ng.
C. Cc m l st, cc dng l ng, dung dch mui st.
D. Cc m l st, cc dng l ng, dung dch mui ng.
12. Cho oxit st t phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 long d thu c
A. mui st (II).
B. mui st (III).
C. hn hp c mui st (II) v (III).
D. cht rn khng tan.
13. Tn gang xm l do
A. cha nhiu Fe3C, Si.
B. cha nhiu FeO, Si.
C. cha nhiu C, Si.
D. c mu xm.
14. in phn nng chy mui clorua ca mt kim loi kim, thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc)
anot v 3,12 gam kim loi catot. Cng thc ca mui in phn l
A. NaCl.
B. LiCl.
C. KCl.
D. CsCl.
15. Mt hp kim Na-K tc dng ht vi nc c 2 lt kh (o 0oC, 1,12 atm) v dung dch

D. Th tch dung dch HCl 0,5M cn trung ho ht 1/2 dung dch D l
A. 200 ml.
B. 100 ml.
C. 400 ml.
D. 1000 ml.
16. Cho Na vo cc dung dch BaCl2, CuSO4, NaHSO4, NH3, NaNO3. Quan st thy c chung
mt hin tng l
A. c kh bay ra.
B. c kt ta xanh.
C. c kt ta trng.
D. khng phn ng.
17. iu ch cc hiroxit Cu(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Al(OH)3 ta cho dung dch mui ca chng
tc dng vi:
A. dung dch NaOH va .
B. dung dch NaOH d.
C. dung dch NH3 d.
D. C 3 p n trn u sai.
18. Phn ng no trong cc phn ng sau y khng l phn ng oxi ha kh?

A. 4HNO3 + Cu Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
B. NH4NO2 N2 + 2H2O
C. 3NH3 + 3H2O + AlCl3 Al(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl
D. N2 + 3H2
19. Cho cn bng:
2NH3
N2 + 3H2
2NH3
Hng s cn bng ca phn ng trn l

A. K
102
[NH 3 ]
.
[N 2 ][H 2 ]
B. K
[N 2 ][H 2 ]
.
[NH 3 ]
C. K
[NH 3 ]2
.
[N 2 ][H 2 ]3
D. K
[N 2 ][H 2 ]2
.
[NH 3 ]
20. Cho 1,3 gam mui clorua ca Fe (ha tr n) tc dng vi AgNO3 d, thu c 3,444 gam
bc clorua. Cng thc ca mui st l
A. FeCl3.
B. FeCl2, FeCl3.
C. FeCl2.
D. khng xc nh c.
21. Ho tan hon ton 7,8 gam hn hp (Mg, Al) bng dung dch HCl d th thu c 8,96 lt
kh hiro (ktc). C cn dung dch thu c thu c hn hp mui khan c khi lng l
A. 3,62 gam.
B. 29,1 gam.
C. 39,75 gam.
D. 36,2 gam.
22. lm sch mt loi thu ngn c ln tp cht km, ch v thic ngi ta khuy loi thu
ngn ny trong dung dch
A. CuSO4.
B. AgNO3.
C. PbCl2.
D. HgSO4.
23. Mt loi thu tinh c thnh phn phn trm v khi lng cc oxit: 75% SiO2, 13% Na2O
v 12% CaO. Cng thc ha hc ca loi thu tinh ny l
A. Na2O. CaO.4SiO2.
B. Na2O.2CaO.5SiO2.
C. 2Na2O.CaO.6SiO2.
D. Na2O.CaO.6SiO2.
24. C th dng ha cht no di y lm mm nc cng vnh cu?

A. H2SO4.
B. Ca(OH)2.
C. Na2CO3.
D.CuSO4.
25. iu ch 1 tn clo bng cch in phn nng chy NaCl ngi ta phi dng ti thiu l
1,735 tn NaCl. Vy hiu sut ca qu trnh l
A.59%.
B. 85%.
C. 90%.
D. 95%.
26. Mt loi qung hematit c cha 60% st (III) oxit. Khi lng st ti a c th iu ch
c t 1 tn qung ny l
A. 4,6 tn.
B. 0,42 tn.
C. 0,7 tn.
D. 1,16 tn.
27. Nc cng c nhng tc hi g?

A. Khi git bng x phng trong nc cng to ra mui khng tan gy lng ph x
phng v si vi nhanh mc nt.
B. Nu n bng nc cng s lu chn v gim mi v.
C. un nc cng trong ni hi sau to thnh mt lp cn mt trong ni hi.
D. C A, B v C.
28. Sc kh CO2 v mt cc nc ct c nh vi git phenolphtalein th dung dch c mu g?
A. khng mu.
B. mu tm.
C. mu .
D. mu xanh.
29. Loi phn m no sau y c gi l m hai l?

A. NaNO3.
B. NH4NO3.
C. (NH2)2CO.
D. Ca(NO3)2.
30. loi tp cht HCl c ln trong kh Cl2 ngi ta dng

A. dd NaOH.
B. dd H2SO4.
C. H2O.
D. dd Na2CO3.
31. Ch dng mt ha cht no sau y c th nhn bit c stiren, toluen, benzen?
103
A. O2.
B. Br2 / Fe,to.
C. dd KMnO4.
D. dd Br2.
32. Khi un nng m1 gam cht hu c X vi H2SO4 c lm xc tc iu kin nhit thch

hp thu c m2 gam cht hu c B. dB/X = 0,7. (Bit hiu sut ca phn ng l 100%).
CTPT ca ru X l
A. CH3OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H5OH.
D. C3H7OH.
33. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol axit hu c X thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (o 0oC, 2atm) v 5,4
gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H4O2.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C2H2O4.
C2H4O2.
34. Cho 4 cht CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOCH3, CH3COOCH3. Cht t tan trong nc nht
l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. HCOOCH3.
D. CH3COOCH3.
35. trung ho 7,4 gam hn hp 2 axit hu c l ng ng ca axit fomic cn 200 ml dung

dch NaOH 0,5M. Khi lng mui thu c khi c cn dung dch l
A. 9,6 gam.
B. 9,7 gam.
C. 11,4 gam.
D. 5,2 gam.
36. Chn cm t thch hp in vo ch trng:

Ngi ta khng git qun o la t tm bng x phng c kim cao l v ...?... lm
mc qun o.
A. c phn ng axit-baz.
B. c phn ng phn hy.
C. c phn ng thy phn.
D. c phn ng trung ha.
37. C bao nhiu ng phn c tnh cht lng tnh ng vi cng thc phn t C 2H5O2N?
(khng k ng phn cis-trans)
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
38. Phn ng gia nhm COOH v nhm NH2 to ra

A. lin kt ion.
B. lin kt cho nhn.
C. lin kt peptit.
D. A hoc C.
39. Thy phn 1 mol este X cn 2 mol KOH. Hn hp sn phm thu c gm glixerol, axit
axetic v axit propionic. C bao nhiu CTCT tha mn vi X?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 12.
40. Phn ng gia CH3COOH v C2H5OH c axit sunfuric c lm xc tc c gi l phn

ng
A. axit baz.
B. este ha.
C. hirat ha. D. thu phn.
41. Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z u l cht kh iu kin thng. Khi phn hu mi cht thnh

cacbon v hiro, th tch kh thu c u gp hai ln th tch ban u. Vy X, Y, Z
A. l ng ng ca nhau.
B. l ng phn ca nhau.
C. u c 2 nguyn t C.
D. u c 4 nguyn t hiro.
42. Trong phng th nghim, khi iu ch etilen bng cch un ru etylic vi axit sunfuric
c nng 170oC th etilen thu c thng c ln SO2, ngi ta dn kh qua dung dch
no thu c etilen tinh khit?
A. Br2.
104
B. KMnO4.
C. NaOH.
D. Na2CO3.
43. Sn phm chnh ca phn ng cng gia propen v HCl l

A. CH2=CHCH2Cl.
B. CH2=CClCH3.
C. CH2ClCH2CH3.
D. CH3CHClCH3.
44. Kh nng phn ng th brom vo vng benzen ca cht no cao nht trong ba cht benzen,
phenol v axit benzoic?
A. benzen.
B. phenol.
C. axit benzoic.
D. c ba phn ng nh nhau.
45. Thc hin phn ng tch nc vi mt ancol c CTPT l C4H10O c mt xc tc H2SO4

c 180oC hu c 3 dng phn. CTCT ca ancol l
A. CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3.
B. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH.
C. (CH3)3COH.
D. khng c cng thc no tho mn.
46. Hn hp X gm ancol metylic v ancol no n chc A. Cho 7,6 gam X tc dng vi Na

d thu c 1,68 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc oxi ha hon ton 7,6 gam X bng CuO (to) ri
cho ton b sn phm thu c tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 / NH3 d thu c 21,6
gam kt ta. CTPT ca A l
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3CH2CH2OH.
C. CH3CH(CH3)OH.
D. CH3CH(CH3)OHCH3.
47. Cho cc phn ng sau:

(1) CH3CHO + Br2 + H2O CH3COOH + 2HBr
(2) CH3CHO + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O CH3COONH4 + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3
Trong hai phn ng trn CH3CHO ng vai tr l cht g?
A. Cht oxi ha .
B. Cht kh.
C. Cht t oxi ha t kh.
D. Tt c u sai.
48. T khi hi ca imetylamin so vi heli l

A. 11,25.
B. 12,15.
C. 15,12.
D. 22,5.
49. Cao su buna-N c to ra t phn ng ng trng hp cc monome no sau y?

A. CH2=CH2, CH2=CHCH=CH2.
B. CH2=CHCN, CH2=CHCH=CH2.
C. CH2=CHC6H5, CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
D. CH2=CH2, CH2=CHCN.
50. Nhng giy qu tm vo dung dch -aminopropanoic th giy qu tm
A. mt mu.
B. khng i mu.
C. chuyn thnh mu .
D. chuyn thnh mu xanh.
105
S 05
1. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t
39
19
K l 1s22s22p63s23p64s1. Vy nguyn t K c c im:
A. K thuc chu k 4, nhm IA.
B. S ntron trong nhn K l 20.
C. L nguyn t m u chu k 4. D. C a,b,c u ng.

2. Hiroxit no mnh nht trong cc hiroxit Al(OH)3, NaOH, Mg(OH)2, Be(OH)2?
A. Al(OH)3.
B. NaOH.
C. Mg(OH)2.
D. Be(OH)2.
3. Ion no sau y c cu hnh electron bn vng ging kh him?

A. 29Cu+.
B. 26Fe2+.
C. 20Ca2+.
D. 24Cr3+.
4. Mt nguyn t R c tng s ht mang in v khng mang in l 34. Trong s ht

mang in gp 1,833 ln s ht khng mang in. Nguyn t R l
A. Na.
5. C 4 k hiu
B. Mg.
26
13
X,
26
12
Y,
27
13
Z,
24
12
C. F.
D. Ne.
T . iu no sau y l sai:
A. X v Y l hai ng v ca nhau.
B. X v Z l hai ng v ca nhau.
C. Y v T l hai ng v ca nhau.
D. X v T u c s proton v s ntron bng nhau.
6. Cho mt s nguyn t sau 8O, 16S, 6C, 7N, 1H. Bit rng tng s proton trong phn t kh
XY2 l 18. Kh XY2 l
A. SO2.
B. CO2.
23
C. NO2.
2
D. H2S.
1
7. Nguyn t Z c cu hnh electron l 1s 2s 2p 3s . Z c

A. 11 ntron, 12 proton.
B. 11 proton, 12 ntron.
C. 13 proton, 10 ntron.
D. 11 proton, 12 electron.
8. Ha tan 1,3 gam kim loi A ho tr II vo dung dch H2SO4 d, thu c 0,448 lt kh H2
(27,3oC v 1,1 atm). Kim loi A l
A. Fe.
106
B. Zn.
C. Mg.
D. Pb.
9. Cho bit ion no sau y l axit theo Bronsted

A. Cl.
B. HSO4.
C. PO43.
D. Mg2+.
10. in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi cc in cc bng than ch, kh thot ra anot l
A. O2.
B. CO.
D. c B v C.
C. CO2.
11. Cho cc cp oxi ho kh sau:

Fe2+/Fe ; Cu2+/Cu ; Fe3+/Fe2+ ; Ag1+/Ag ; Br2/2Br
Theo chiu t tri qua phi tnh oxi ho tng dn; tnh kh gim dn. Phn ng no sau
y khng xy ra?
A. Fe + 2AgNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag
B. Cu + 2FeCl3 2FeCl2 + CuCl2
C. Fe(NO3)2 + AgNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + Ag
D. 2Ag + CuSO4 Ag2SO4 + Cu
12. Cho bit hin tng xy ra v gii thch bng phng trnh ho hc khi sc t t kh CO2
v dung dch nc vi trong cho n d?
A. Khng c hin tng g.
B. Ban u xut hin kt ta trng, sau tan dn thu c dung dch trong sut.
C. Xut hin kt ta trng ri tan ngay.
D. Xut hin kt ta trng, kt ta ny khng tan.
13. Cho st d vo dung dch HNO3 long thu c
A. dung dch mui st (II) v NO.
B. dung dch mui st (III) v NO.
C. dung dch mui st (III) v N2O.
D. dung dch mui st (II) v NO2.
14. iu ch st thc t ngi ta dng
A. in phn dung dch FeCl2.
B. phn ng nhit nhm.
C. kh oxit st bng CO nhit cao.
D. Mg y st ra khi dung dch mui.
15. nhn bit cc cht bt : xoa, magie oxit, nhm oxit, ng (II) sunfat v st (III) sunfat,
ch cn dng nc v
A. dd NaOH.
B. dd H2SO4.
C. dd NH3.
D. c A v C u ng.
16. Ngi ta nn kh CO2 d vo dung dch c v ng phn t NaCl, NH3 n bo ha

iu ch
A. NaHCO3.
B. Na2CO3.
C. NH4HCO3.
D. (NH4)2CO3.
17. Ngi ta khng thng dng phng php no sau y iu ch kim loi?
A. Phng php nhit luyn.
B. Phng php thy luyn.
C. Phng php in phn.
D. Phng php nhit phn mui.
107
18. m gam kim loi kim X trong khng kh thu c 6,2 gam oxt. Ha tan ton b lng
oxit trong nc c dung dch Y. trung ha dung dch Y cn va 100 ml dung
dch H2SO4 1M. Kim loi X l
A. Li.
B. Na.
C. K.
C. Cs.
19. Thm 100 cm3 dung dch NaOH 7 M vo 100 cm3 dung dch Al2(SO4)3 1M. Nng
mol/l ca cc ion thu c trong dung dch sau phn ng l
A. [Na+] = 3,5M, [SO42] = 1,5M, [AlO2] = 0,5M.
B. [Na+] = 0,5M, [SO42] = 0,3M.
C. [Na+] = 0,7M, [SO42] = 1,5M, [Al3+] = 0,1M.
D. [Na+] = 3,5M, [SO42] = 0,3M, [AlO2] = 0,5M.
20. Trong cng nghip hin i ngi ta iu ch Al bng cch no?
A. in phn nng chy.
B. in phn mui AlCl3 nng chy.
C. Dng Na kh AlCl3 nng chy.
D. Nhit phn Al2O3.
21. Nung hn hp A gm bt Al v Fe2O3 trong iu kin khng c khng kh, thu c hn
hp B. Ha tan B trong HCl d thu c H2. Trong B gm
A. Al2O3, Fe.
B. Al2O3, Fe, Al .
C. Al2O3, Fe, Fe2O3.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
22. Mui nitrat th hin tnh oxi ho trong mi trng

A. axit.
B. baz.
C. trung tnh.
D. A v B.
23. Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp gm hai kim loi Fe v Cu bng dung dch HNO3 c nng
th thu c 22,4 lt kh mu nu. Nu thay axit HNO3 bng axit H2SO4 c nng th thu c
bao nhiu lt kh SO2 (cc kh u c o ktc)?
A. 22,4 lt.
B. 11,2 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. kt qu khc.
24. Nhit phn mui KNO3 th thu c

A. kh NO2.
B. kh O2.
C. hn hp kh NO2 v O2.
D. hn hp kh NO v O2.
25. Cho hai phn ng:

(1) 2P + 5Cl2 2PCl5
(2) 6P + 5KClO3 3P2O5 + 5KCl
Trong hai phn ng trn, P ng vai tr l
A. cht oxi ho.
B. cht kh.
C. t oxi ho kh.
D. cht oxi ha (1), cht kh (2).
26. xc nh hm lng C trong mt mu gang ngi ta nung 10 gam mu gang trong

O2 thy to ra 0,672 lt CO2 (ktc). Phn trm C trong mu gang l
A. 3,6%.
B. 0,36%.
C. 0,48%.
D. 4%.
27. R l nguyn t thuc phn nhm chnh nhm VI. Trong hp cht vi H n chim 94,12%
v khi lng. Nguyn t R l
108
A. O.
B. S.
D. N.
D. Cl.
28. iu ch c c 3 kim loi Na, Ca, Al ngi ta dng phng php no sau y?
A. Nhit luyn.
B. Thy luyn.
C. in phn dung dch.
D. in phn nng chy.
29. Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch AlCl3, un nng nh, thy
A. c kt ta trng.
B. c kh bay ra.
C. khng c hin tng g.
D. c A v B.
30. nhn bit kh H2S, ngi ta dng

A. giy qu tm m.
B. giy tm dung dch CuSO4.
C. giy tm dung dch Pb(NO3)2. D. c A, B, C u ng.

31. Axit -amino enantoic c
A. 5 nguyn t cacbon.
B. 6 nguyn t cacbon.
C. 7 nguyn t cacbon.
D. 8 nguyn t cacbon.
32. Protit t nhin l chui poli peptit c to thnh t cc

A. -amino axit.
B.-amino axit.
C. -amino axit.
D. -amino axit.
33. Nilon-6,6 c to thnh t phn ng trng ngng gia

A. axit aipic v hexametylen iamin.
B. axit axetic v hexametylen iamin.
C. axit aipic v anilin.
D. axit axetic v glixin.
34. Dy cht no sau y phn ng c vi axit axetic?
A. Cl2, CaO, MgCO3, Na.
B. Cu, Zn(OH)2, Na2CO3.
C. CaCO3, Mg, CO2, NaOH.
D. NaOH. C2H5OH, HCl, Na.
35. Phn ng gia axit fomic vi Ag2O trong dung dch NH3 l
A. phn ng trng gng.
B. phn ng oxi ho kh.
C. phn ng axit baz.
D. C A v B.
36. phn bit cc axit: fomic, axetic, acrylic ngi ta c th dng ln lt cc thuc th
A. dung dch Br2, dung dch AgNO3.
B. dung dch Na2CO3, dung dch Br2.
C. dung dch Br2, dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
D. dung dch Br2, dung dch KMnO4.
37. t chy mt axit n chc mch h X thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l khi lng l 88 :
27. Ly mui natri ca X nung vi vi ti xt th c mt hirocacbon th kh. CTCT
ca X l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. CH2=CHCOOH.
D. CH2=CHCH2COOH.
38. t chy hon ton 1 lt propan, th th tch CO2 sinh ra cng iu kin l
109
A. 5 lt.
B. 3 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 0,1339 lt.
39. t chy han ton mt este X to ra CO2 v H2O vi s mol nh nhau. X l

A. este n chc.
B. este no a chc.
C. este no n chc.
D. este khng no mt n i n chc.
40. T l th tch gia CH4 v O2 l bao nhiu thu c hn hp n mnh nht?

A. 1:1.
B. 1:2.
C. 2:1.
D. 1:3.
41. Mt hn hp gm hai hirocacbon khi chy to ra s mol CO2 v H2O nh nhau. Hai
hirocacbon thuc dy ng ng no?
A. Ankan v ankaien.
B. Ankan v ankin.
C. Anken v anken.
D. C A,B, C u ng.
42. Hp cht X c cng thc phn t C3H5Cl3. Thy phn hon ton X thu c cht Y. Y tc
dng c vi Na gii phng H2 v c phn ng trng gng. X c cng thc cu to l
A. CH 2Cl CHCl CH 2Cl
B. CH 3 CHCl CHCl2
CH 3 CH 2 CCl3
CH 3 CCl2 CH 2Cl
C. CH 3 CHCl CHCl2
D. CH 2Cl CH 2 CHCl2
CH 2Cl CHCl CH 2Cl
CHCl2 CH 2 CH 2Cl
43. C8H10O c bao nhiu ng phn cha vng benzen. Bit rng cc ng phn ny u tc
dng c vi Na nhng khng tc dng c vi NaOH?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 8.
D. 10.
44. Mt axit cacboxylic no mch h c cng thc thc nghim dng (C2H4O)n. Tm gi tr ca
n?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
45. Cch no sau y khng nhn bit c protit?

A. Cho tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/NaOH.
B. Cho tc dng vi HNO3.
C. Cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH.
D. un nng.
46. Fructoz khng phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. CH3COOH/H2SO4 c.
B. dd AgNO3 trong mi trng axit.
C. H2(Ni/ to).
D. Cu(OH)2.
47. Ru d tan trong nc l v
A. gia cc phn t ru tn ti lin kt hiro lin phn t.
B. gia ru v nc c lin kt hiro.
C. ru c tnh axit yu.
D. khi lng ring ca ru v nc xp x nhau.
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48. 3,8 gam mt iol tc dng vi K (d) gii phng 0,56 lt H2 (0oC, 2 atm). Cng thc phn
t ca ru l
A. C3H6(OH)2
B. C2H4(OH)2.
C. C4H8(OH)2.
D. C3H8(OH)2.
49. Gi tn hp cht sau:

H3C CH2 CH CHO
HC CH3
CH3
A. 2-isopropylbutanal.
B. 2-etyl-3-metylbutanal.
C. 2-etyl-3-metylbutan.
D. 2-etyl-3-metylbutanol.
50. Loi t no di y l t tng hp?

A. T tm.
B. T visco.
C. T axetat.
D. nilon-6.
S 06
1. Nguyn t cc nguyn t trong mt phn nhm chnh ca bng HTTH c cng
A. s ntron.
B. s lp electron.
C. S proton.
D. S e lp ngoi cng.
2. Trong nguyn t ca nguyn t R c 18 electron. S th t chu k v nhm ca R ln lt

l
A. 4 v VIIIB.
3. Ion
52
24
B. 3 v VIIIA.
C. 3 v VIIIB.
D. 4 v IIA.
C. 27.
D. 52.
Cr 3 c bao nhiu electron?
A. 21.
B. 24.
4. Cc electron thuc cc lp K, M, N, L trong nguyn t khc nhau v

A. khong cch t electron n ht nhn.
B. nng lng ca electron.
C. bn lin kt vi ht nhn.
111
D. tt c iu trn u ng.
5. Trng hp no sau y dn c in?
A. Nc ct.
B. NaOH rn, khan.
C. Ru etylic.
D. Nc bin.
6. Chn pht biu sai?

A. Gi tr Ka ca mt axit ph thuc vo nhit .
B. Gi tr Ka ca mt axit ph thuc vo bn cht ca axit .
C. Gi tr Ka ca mt axit ph thuc vo nng .
D. Gi tr Ka ca mt axit cng ln th lc axit cng mnh.
7. Cho bit ion no sau y l axit theo Bronsted?
A. HS.
B. NH4+.
C. Na+.
D. CO32.
8. Cn bao nhiu gam NaOH rn pha ch c 500 ml dung dch c pH = 12?

A. 0,4 gam.
B. 0,2 gam.
C. 0,1 gam.
D. 2 gam.
9. Cho phng trnh phn ng:

CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
Phng trnh ion rt gn ca phng trnh trn l
A. CO32 + H+ H2O + CO2
B. CO32 + 2H+ H2O + CO2
C. CaCO3 + 2H+ + 2Cl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
D. CaCO3 + 2H+ Ca2+ + H2O + CO2
10. Nng ion H+ thay i nh th no th gi tr pH tng 1 n v?
A Tng ln 1 mol/l.
B. Gim i 1 mol/l.
C. Tng ln 10 ln.
D. Gim i 10 ln.
11. Ha tan hon ton hn hp gm Fe v Fe3O4 bng dung dch HNO3 thu c 2,24 lt kh
NO (ktc). Nu thay dung dch HNO3 bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng th thu c kh g,
th tch l bao nhiu?
A. H2, 3,36 lt.
B. SO2, 2,24 lt. C. SO2, 3,36 lt. D. H2, 4,48 lt.
12. Cho cc hp cht: NH4+, NO2, N2O, NO3, N2. Th t gim dn s oxi ha ca N l
A. N2 > NO3 > NO2 > N2O > NH4+.
B. NO3 > N2O > NO2 > N2 > NH4+.
C. NO3 > NO2 > N2O > N2 > NH4+.
D. NO3 > NO2 > NH4+ > N2 > N2O.
13. iu kin thng photpho hot ng mnh hn nit v
A. nguyn t P c in tch ht nhn ln hn nguyn t N.
B. nguyn t P c obitan 3d cn trng cn nguyn t N khng c.
C. nguyn t P c m in nh hn nguyn t N.
D. phn t photpho km bn hn phn t nit.
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14. Dy cht no sau y phn ng c vi dung dch axit nitric?

A. Fe2O3, Cu, Pb, P.
B. H2S, C, BaSO4, ZnO.
C. Au, Mg, FeS2, CO2.
D. CaCO3, Al, Na2SO4, Fe(OH)2.
15. Lin kt kim loi l loi lin kt sinh ra do

A. lc ht tnh in gia cc ion dng v cc ion m.
B. dng chung cp electron.
C. cc electron t do gn cc ion dng kim loi li vi nhau.
D. do nhng electron t nguyn t ny cho nguyn t khc
16. in phn dung dch CuCl2 bng in cc than ch, t mnh giy qu tm m cc
dng. Mu ca giy qu
A. chuyn sang .
B. chuyn sang xanh.
C. chuyn sang sau mt mu.
D. khng i.
17. Trong 3 dung dch c cc loi ion sau: Ba2+, Mg2+, Na+, SO42, CO32, NO3. Mi dung
dch ch cha mt loi anion v mt loi cation. Cho bit l 3 dung dch no?
A. BaSO4, Mg(NO3)2, Na2CO3.
B. Ba(NO3)2, MgSO4, Na2CO3.
C. Ba(NO3)2, MgCO3, Na2SO4.
D. BaCO3, MgSO4, NaNO3.
18. t chy st trong khng kh d nhit cao thu c

A. Fe2O3.
B. Fe3O4.
C. FeO.
D. FeO4.
19. sn xut gang trong l cao ngi ta un qung hmatit (cha Fe2O3) vi than cc. Cc
phn ng xy ra theo th t
CO
CO
CO
C
A. Fe2O3
Fe3O4
FeO
Fe
Fe3C.
CO
CO
CO
C
B. Fe3O4
Fe2O3
FeO
Fe
Fe3C.
CO
CO
CO
C
C. Fe2O3
FeO
Fe3O4
Fe
Fe3C.
CO
CO
CO
C
D. FeO
Fe2O3
Fe3O4
Fe
Fe3C.
20. nhn ra cc dung dch: natriclorua, magieclorua, st (II) clorua, st (III) clorua, ch cn
dng
A. Al.
B. Mg.
C. Cu.
D. Na.
21. Kh hon ton 31,9 gam hn hp Fe2O3 v FeO bng H2 nhit cao, to thnh 9 gam
H2O. Khi lng st iu ch c t hn hp trn l
A. 23,9 gam.
B. 19,2 gam.
C. 23,6 gam.
D. 30,581 gam.
22. Trong phng th nghim ngi ta iu ch H2S bng cch cho FeS tc dng vi
A. dd HCl.
B. dd H2SO4 .nng.
C. dd HNO3.
D. nc ct.
23. Lu hunh trong cht no trong s cc hp cht sau: H2S, SO2, SO3, H2SO4 va c tnh
oxi ha va c tnh kh?
A. H2S.
B. SO2.
C. SO3.
D. H2SO4.
113
24. Dy cht no sau y c phn ng oxi ha kh vi dung dch axit sunfuric c nng?
A. Au, C, HI, Fe2O3.
B. MgCO3, Fe, Cu, Al2O3.
C. SO2, P2O5, Zn, NaOH.
D. Mg, S, FeO, HBr.
25. Cho phn ng:

KMnO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O
H s ca cht oxi ha v cht kh trong phn ng trn ln lt l
A. 5 v 2.
B. 1 v 5.
C. 2 v 10.
D. 5 v 1.
26. Mui sunfua no di y c th iu ch c bng H2S vi mui ca kim loi tng

ng?
A. Na2S.
B. ZnS.
C. FeS.
D. PbS.
27. Cht no di y khng phn ng c vi dung dch KI?

A. O2.
B. KMnO4.
C. H2O2.
D. O3.
28. NaBrO3 c tn gi l g?
A. natrihipobromit.
B. natribromua.
C. natribromit.
D. natribromat.
29. Cho 1,3 gam st clorua tc dng vi bc nitrat d thu c 3,444 gam kt ta. Ha tr ca
st trong mui st clorua trn l
A. I.
B. II.
C. III.
D. IV.
30. Chn mt thuc th di y nhn bit c cc dung dch sau: HCl, KI, ZnBr2,
Mg(NO3)2.
A. dung dch AgNO3.
B. dung dch NaOH.
C. giy qu tm.
C. dung dch NH3.
31. Cho mt a gam nhm tc dng vi b gam Fe2O3 thu c hn hp A. Ha tan A trong
HNO3 d, thu c 2,24 lt (ktc) mt kh khng mu, ha nu trong khng kh. Khi
lng nhm dng l
A. 2,7 gam.
B. 5,4 gam.
C. 4,0 gam.
D. 1,35 gam.
32. t chy ht a mol mt amino axit c 2a mol CO2 v a/2 mol N2. Amino axit trn c
cng thc cu to l
A. H2NCH2COOH.
B. H2N[CH2]2COOH.
C. H2N[CH2]3COOH.
D. H2NCH[COOH]2.
33. nhn bit protit ngi ta cho vo dung dch vi git HNO3, un nng thu c hp
cht c mu
A. vng.
B. .
C. tm xanh.
D. khng r rt.
34. Cng thc tng qut ca axit no n chc l

A. CnH2nCOOH.
B. CnH2nO2.
C. Cn+1H2nO2.
D. CnH2n+2O2.
35. S nguyn t C trong phn t plexiglat l

A. 6n.
114
B. 4n.
C. 3n.
D. 5n.
36. Cho 1 mol CH3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH vo mt bnh phn ng c axit sunfuric c lm
xc tc, sau khi phn ng xy hon ton thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m l
A. 46 gam.
B. 60 gam.
C. 88 gam.
D. 60 gam < m < 88 gam.
37. Mt hp cht X c CTPT: C3H6O2. X khng tc dng vi Na v c phn ng trng gng.

Cu to ca X l
A. CH3CH2COOH.
B. HOCH2CH2CHO.
C. CH3COOCH3.
D. HCOOCH2CH3.
38. C4H8O c bao nhiu ng phn ancol?

A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
39. Chn nh ngha ng v ru?

A. Ru l hp cht hu c trong phn t c cha nhm OH.
B. Ru l hp cht hu c c nhm OH lin kt vi cacbon thm.
C. Ru l hp cht hu c cha nhm OH lin kt vi nguyn t cacbon no.
D. Ru l hp cht hu c cha nhm OH lin kt vi cacbon bc 1.
40. Dng nhng ha cht no sau y c th nhn bit c 4 cht lng khng mu l
glixerin, ru etylic, glucoz, anilin?
A. dung dch Br2 v Cu(OH)2.
B. AgNO3/NH3 v Cu(OH)2.
C. Na v dung dch Br2.
D. Na v AgNO3/NH3.
41. Nhng hp cht no sau y c ng phn hnh hc?

CH3CCH (I).
CH3CH=CHCH3 (II)
(CH3)2CHCH2CH3 (III)
CH3CBrCHCH3 (IV)
CH3CH(OH)CH3 (V)
CHCl=CH2 (VI)
A. (II).
B. (II) v (VI).
C. (II) v (IV).
D. (II), (III), (IV) v (V).
42. CTPT ca ankan c t khi hi so vi khng kh bng 2 l

A. C3H8.
B. C4H10.
C. C4H8.
D. C5H12.
43. Dn 5,6 lt kh (ktc) hn hp hai olefin qua bnh cha brom d thy khi lng bnh tng
11,9 gam. S nguyn t C trung bnh ca hai olefin l
A. 4, 3.
B. 3, 4.
C. 3, 5.
D. 3, 2.
44. t chy mt s mol nh nhau ca 3 hirocacbon K, L, M ta thu c lng CO2 nh

nhau v t l s mol H2O v CO2 i vi K, L, M tng ng bng 0,5 : 1 : 1,5. CTPT ca
K, L, M ln lt l
A. C3H8, C3H4, C2H4.
B. C2H2, C2H4, C2H6.
C. C12H12, C3H6, C2H6.
D. C. C2H2, C2H4, C3H6.
45. Sp xp cc cht sau theo th t tng dn lc baz: NaOH, NH3, CH3NH2, C6H5NH2
A. C6H5NH2 < NH3 < CH3NH2 < NaOH.
B. NH3 < C6H5NH2 < CH3NH2 < NaOH.
C. CH3NH2 < C6H5NH2 < NH3 < NaOH.
115
D. NaOH < C6H5NH2 < NH3 < CH3NH2.

46. Thy phn dn xut halogen no sau y s thu c ancol
A. CH3CH2Cl.
B. CH3CH=CHCl.
C. C6H5CH2Cl.
D. A v C.
47. Thc hin phn ng trng gng mt anehit n chc (tr HCHO) th t l mol n anehit :n Ag
l
A. 1:2.
B. 1:4.
C. 2n:1.
D. 1:2n.
48. Cho s phn ng sau:

CH3
Br2/as
Br2/Fe, to
dd NaOH
NaOH n/c, to, p
X, Y, Z, T c cng thc ln lt l
A. p-CH3-C6H4Br, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-CH2OH-C6H4Br, p-CH2OH-C6H4OH
B. p-CH2Br-C6H5, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-CH2OH-C6H4Br, p-CH2OH-C6H4OH
C. p-CH2Br-C6H5, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-CH3-C6H4OH,
p-CH2OH-C6H4OH
D. p-CH3-C6H4Br, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-CH2Br-C6H4OH, p-CH2OH-C6H4OH

49. Alanin (axit -amino propionic) l mt
A. cht lng tnh.
B. baz.
C. cht trung tnh.
D. axit.
50. Trng hp iso-pren thu c my loi polime?

A. 1.
S 07
116
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
1. Nguyn t m nguyn t ca chng c electron cui cng xp vo phn lp p gi l

A. nguyn t s.
B. nguyn t p. C. nguyn t d. D. nguyn t f.
2. Pht biu no sau y cha chnh xc. Trong 1 chu k

A. i t tri sang phi cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng
dn.
B. i t tri sang phi cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu khi lng nguyn t
tng dn.
C. cc nguyn t u c cng s lp electron.
D. i t tri sang phi bn knh nguyn t gim dn.
3. Bit tng s ht proton, ntron v electron trong 1 nguyn t Y l 155. S ht mang in
nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 33. S ht proton v s khi ca Y l
A. 61 v 108.
B. 47 v 108.
C. 45 v 137.
D. 47 v 94.
4. Cho mt s nguyn t sau 8O, 6C, 14Si. Bit rng tng s electron trong anion XY32 l 32.
Vy anion XY32 l
A. CO32.
B. SO32.
C. SiO32.
D. mt anion khc.
5. Nh t t dung dch NH3 cho n d vo dung dch Al2(SO4)3 th c hin tng g xy ra?
A. Xut hin kt ta keo trng, sau tan dn trong cui cng thu c dung dch
trong sut khng mu.
B. Xut hin kt ta mu nu .
C. Xut hin kt ta keo mu trng, khng tan.
D. Khng c hin tng g.
6. trung ha hon ton 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M cn dng bao nhiu ml dung
dch HCl 0,2M?
A. 300 ml.
B. 150 ml.
C. 600 ml.
D. 200 ml.
7. Dung dch mui no c mi trng trung tnh?

A. AlCl3.
B. Na2CO3.
C. K2SO4.
D. C A, B v C.
8. Khng nh no sau y khng ng?

A. Dung dch natri axetat c mi trng baz.
B. Dung dch mui n c mi trng trung tnh.
C. Dung dch natri sunfua c mi trng trung tnh.
D. Dung dch natri hirosunfat c mi trng axit.
9. Trn 250 ml dung dch KOH 0,01M vi 250 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,005M. pH ca dung
dch thu c l
A. 12.
B. 13.
C. 2.
D. 4.
10. Trong cng nghip ngi ta iu ch nit t

A. NH4NO3.
B. khng kh.
C. HNO3.
D. hn hp NH4Cl v NaNO2.
11. Cho cn bng:
NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH
117
cn bng trn chuyn dch sang phi ngi ta lm cch no sau y:

A. Cho thm vi git dung dch phenolphtalein.
B. Cho thm vi git dung dch HCl.
C. Cho thm vi git dung dch NaOH.
D. Cho thm vi git dung dch NH4Cl.
12. Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Tt c dung dch ca mui amoni u c mi trng axit.
B. Mui amoni d b nhit phn.
C. C th nhn bit ion amoni bng dung dch kim.
D. Tt c cc mui amoni tan trong nc v in li hon ton.
13. C 6 l mt nhn cha 6 dung dch sau: NH4Cl, NaNO3, (NH4)2SO4, CuSO4, MgCl2,
ZnCl2. Ch dng ha cht no sau y c th nhn ra c 6 cht trn?
A. Qu tm.
B. dd NaOH.
C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. NH3.
14. Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp hai mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi ha tr II bng dung dch
HCl d thu c 10 lt kh CO2 ( 54,6 oC, 0,8064 atm) v dung dch X. Tng s mol hai
mui ban u l
A. 0,03 mol.
B. 0,3 mol.
C. 0,6 mol.
D. 0,15 mol.
15. in phn mt dung dch c cha HCl, CuCl2. pH ca dung dch bin i nh th no
theo thi gian in phn?
A. Tng dn n pH = 7 ri khng i.
B. Gim dn.
C. Tng dn n pH > 7 ri khng i.
D. pH khng i, lun nh hn 7.
16. Cho s :
A B C D
Cc cht tho mn theo s trn l

A. Na
NaCl
B. NaOH
NaOH
Na
C. NaHCO3
D. Na2CO3
Na2CO3.
Na2CO3
NaCl
NaHCO3
NaHCO3.
NaOH
NaCl
Na2CO3.
NaOH.
17. Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 12 (dung dch A). Thm 0,5885 gam NH4Cl vo 100 ml
dung dch A, un si, ngui, thm mt t ru qu tm vo. Dung dch c
A. mu xanh.
B. mu .
C. khng mu.
D. xanh sau mt mu.
18. A l mt kim loi. Thc hin cc phn ng theo th t

(A) + O2 (B)
(B) + H2SO4 long (C) + (D) + (E)
(C) + NaOH (F) + (G)
118
(D) + NaOH (H) + (G)

(F) + O2 + H2O (H)
Kim loi A l
A. Zn.
B. Al.
C. Mg.
D. Fe.
19. Ha tan hon ton 6,4 gam hn hp Fe v FexOy trong HCl d, thu c 2,24 lt H2 ktc.
Nu em hn hp trn phn ng vi H2 d th thu c 0,2 gam H2O. Cng thc ca
FexOy l
A. FeO.
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
D. khng xc nh c.
20. Cho hn hp Na v Al vo nc (d), n khi phn ng ngng li thu c 4,48 lt kh v

2,7gam mt cht rn khng tan. Khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp u ln lt l
A. 2,3 gam v 5,4 gam.
B. 4,6 gam v 5,4 gam.
C. 3,45 gam v 5,4 gam.
D. 2,3 gam v 2,7 gam.
21. Oxit baz no sau y c dng lm cht ht m trong phng th nghim?

A. Fe2O3.
B. ZnO.
C. CaO.
D. CuO.
22. Trong cc hp cht ca st sau y: FeS, FeS2, Fe2O3, FeO, cht no c hm lng st ln
nht?
A. FeS.
B. FeS2.
C. Fe2O3.
D. FeO.
23. Ly cng s mol KMnO4 v MnO2 ln lt cho tc dng vi dung dch HCl c d th
cht no phn ng to ra lng clo nhiu hn?
A. MnO2.
B. KMnO4.
C. Nh nhau.
D. Khng xc nh c.
24. Ch dng thuc th no sau y c th nhn bit c c 3 kh Cl2, HCl v O2?

A. Giy tm dung dch phenolphtalein.
B. Tn m hng.
C. Giy qu tm kh.
D. Giy qu tm m.
25. Dng ha cht no sau y phn bit 2 kh CO2 v SO2?

A. Dung dch Ca(OH)2.
B. Qu tm m.
C. Dung dch Br2.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
26. Ha cht no di y khng c th dng lm kh kh Cl2?

A. CaCl2.
B. P2O5.
C. H2SO4.
D. CaO.
27. Trong phng th nghim ngi ta thu kh nit bng phng php di nc v
A. N2 nh hn khng kh.
B. N2 rt t tan trong nc.
C. N2 khng duy tr s sng, s chy.
D. N2 ha lng, ha rn nhit rt thp.
28. 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M c th hp th ti a bao nhiu lt kh CO2 (ktc)?
A. 0,336 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 2,24 lt.
119
29. Oxi ha hon ton 0,728 gam bt Fe ta thu c 1,016 gam hn hp hai oxit st (hn hp
A). Ha tan hn hp A bng dung dch axit nitric long d. Tnh th tch kh NO duy nht
bay ra ( ktc).
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 0,0224 lt.
C. 3,36 lt.
D. 0,336 lt.
30. Oxit SiO2 c th phn ng vi cht no sau y?

A. dung dch HCl.
B. dung dch H2SO4 c nng.
C. NaOH nng chy.
D. nc ct.
31. Khi lng axit axetic c trong dm n thu c khi cho ln men 1 lt ru etylic 8o (d
ca ru nguyn cht 0,8g/ml), hiu sut 80% l
A. 66,78 gam.
B. 13,04 gam.
C. 1,3 gam.
D. kt qu khc.
32. trung ha 6,42 gam 2 axit hu c n chc l ng ng k tip ca nhau cn dng 50

ml dung dch NaOH 2M. Cng thc ca 2 axit l
A. CH3COOH v HCOOH.
C. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
33. Axit no X mch h c cng thc n gin nht C3H4O3. CTPT ca X l

A. C6H8O6.
B. C3H4O3.
C. C4H6O4.
D. C3H4O4.
34. S ng phn cu to aminoaxit bc 1 c cng thc phn t C4H9O2N l

A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 7.
35. Cho hp cht sau: CHCCH2CH2CH=O. Hp cht ny c

A. 5 lin kt v 3 lin kt .
B. 11 lin kt v 3 lin kt .
C. 12 lin kt v 2 lin kt .
D. 11 lin kt v 2 lin kt .
36. C bao nhiu ng phn cu to ng vi CTPT C4H8?

A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
37. Hp cht hu c X c thnh phn phn trm cc nguyn t l 40%C, 6,67%H cn li l

oxi. Cng thc n gin nht ca X l
A. C2H4O.
B. C2H4O2.
C. CH2.
D. CH2O.
38. T isopentan c th to thnh bao nhiu gc ankyl?

A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
39. t chy 1 lt ankan X sinh ra 5 lt kh CO2. Khi cho X phn ng vi clo to ra 3 sn phm
mt ln th. X c tn gi nh sau l
A. neopentan.
B. n-pentan.
C. isopentan.
D. n-butan.
40. Trong phng th nghim etilen c iu ch bng cch no sau y?
120
A. Crackinh butan.
B. Tch nc t etanol.
C. Tch HCl t etylclorua.
D. Tch hiro t etan.
41. Hn hp X gm Fe, FeO v Fe2O3. Cho mt lung CO i qua ng s ng m gam hn hp

X nung nng. Sau khi kt thc th nghim thu c 64 gam cht rn A trong ng s v
11,2 lt kh B (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 20,4. Tnh gi tr m.
A. 105,6 gam.
B. 35,2 gam.
C. 70,4 gam.
D. 140,8 gam.
42. t chy hon ton 1 ru X thu c CO2 v hi nc theo t l mol l 3:4. Hi X thuc
loi ru no?
A. Ru n chc.
B. Ru a chc.
C. Ru no.
D. Ru khng no c 1 ni i.
43. Cho 5,8 gam mt anehit n chc tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 thu c 21,6 gam Ag kim
loi. Anehit c cng thc l
A. HCHO.
B. CH3CHO.
C. C2H3CHO.
D. C2H5CHO.
44. X c CTPT C3H6O v c kh nng lm mt mu dung dch brom. Hy cho bit cng thc
cu to ca X?
A. CH2=CHOCH3.
B. CH2=CHCH2OH.
C. CH3CH2CHO. D. A, B v C
45. Thu phn hon ton 1 mol este sinh ra 3 mol axit v 1 mol ru. Este c cng thc
dng:
A. R(COOR)3. B. RCOOR.
C. R(COO)3R. D. (RCOO)3R.
46. Nhm cht no sau y ha tan c vi Cu(OH)2?

A. C2H5COOH, HOCH2CH2OH, HOCH2CH2CH2OH.
B. HOCH2CHOHCH3, CH3OCH2CH2OH, HOCH2CHOHCH2OH.
C. CH3COOH, HCOOCH3, HOCH2CH2OH.
D. CH3OCHOHCH2OH, CH3COOH, HOCH2CH2OH.
47. Alanin (axit - amino propionic) phn ng va vi HCl. Trong sn phm thu c tn
ti lin kt
A. cng ha tr.
B. ion.
C. cho nhn (phi tr).
D. c A v B.
48. Dung dch ru etylic trong nc tn ti my kiu lin kt hiro?

A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
49. PVA c to ra bng phn ng trng hp monome no di y?

A. CH2=CHCOOH.
B. CH2=CHCOOCH3.
C. CH2=CHCl .
D. CH3COOCH=CH2.
50. Cho 1 dung dch cha 6,75 gam mt amin no n chc bc (I) tc dng vi dung dch
AlCl3 d thu c 3,9 gam kt ta. Amin c cng thc l
A. CH3NH2.
B. (CH3)2NH.
C. C2H5NH2.
D. C3H7NH2.
121
S 08
1. Ion X2+ c cu hnh electron l 1s22s22p6. Xc nh v tr ca X trong bng HTTH?
A. Chu k 2, nhm VIIIA.
B. Chu k 3, nhm IIA.
C. Chu k 4, nhm IA.
D. Chu k 2, nhm IIA.
2. T hai ng v ca cacbon l 12C, 14C v 3 ng v ca oxi l 16O, 17O, 18O c th to ra

c bao nhiu phn t kh cacbonic khc nhau?
A. 6.
B. 12.
C. 18.
D. 9.
3. Trong mt phn nhm chnh ca bng tun hon, i t trn xung di th iu khng
nh no sau y l ng?
A. S in tch ht nhn gim dn.
B. m in tng dn.
C. Bn knh nguyn t tng dn.
D. Tnh kim loi gim dn.
4. Trong phng th nghim HNO3 c iu ch theo phn ng sau:
NaNO3 (rn) + H2SO4 c HNO3 + NaHSO4
Phn ng trn xy ra l v
A. axit H2SO4 c tnh axit mnh hn HNO3.
B. HNO3 d bay hi hn.
C. H2SO4 c tnh oxi ho mnh hn HNO3.
D. mt nguyn nhn khc.
5. Hp cht no ca N khng c to ra khi cho axit HNO3 tc dng vi kim loi?
A. NO.
122
B. N2.
C. N2O5.
D. NH4NO3.
6. Trung ho 50 ml dung dch NH3 th cn 25 ml dung dch HCl 2M. trung ho cng
lng dung dch NH3 cn bao nhiu lt dung dch H2SO4 1M?
A. 25 ml.
B. 50 ml.
C. 12,5 ml.
D. 2,5 ml.
7. C th s dng cht no sau y nhn bit kh N2 c cha tp cht H2S?

A. NaOH.
B. PbSO4.
C. NH3.
D. Cu.
8. Sc 1,12 lt CO2 vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. dung dch thu c c pH bng bao
nhiu?
A. pH < 7.
B. pH > 7.
C. pH = 7.
D. pH = 14.
9. Dy cht no sau y l lng tnh?

A. ZnO, Al2O3, FeO, Pb(OH)2.
B. Al(OH)3, Cr(OH)3, Cu(OH)2, Sn(OH)2.
C. HSO4, NH4+, HS, Zn(OH)2
D. HCO3, H2O, Zn(OH)2, Al2O3.

10. Biu thc Kb ca CH3COO l
[CH 3COOH][OH ]
A.
[CH 3COO ][H 2O]
[CH 3COO ]
B.
[CH 3COO ][OH ]
[CH 3COOH][OH ]
[CH 3COO ]
D. [CH3COOH][OH ]
C.
11. Mt dung dch c cha 4 ion vi thnh phn: 0,01 mol Na+, 0,02 mol Mg2+, 0,015 mol
SO42, x mol Cl. Gi tr ca x l
A. 0,015.
B. 0,035.
C. 0,02.
D. 0,01.
12. Dy cht no di y u phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH?

A. Na2CO3, CuSO4, HCl.
B. MgCl2, SO2, NaHCO3.
C. Al2O3, H2SO4, KOH.
D. CO2, NaCl, Cl2.
13. Dy kim loi no sau y iu ch c bng phng php thu luyn?

A. Cu, Fe, Na.
B. Fe, Pb, Mg.
C. Cu, Ag, Zn.
D. Ca, Fe, Sn.
14. Phng php no sau y c th lm mm nc cng vnh cu?

A. Cho tc dng vi NaOH.
B. un nng.
C. Cho tc dng vi HCl.
D. Cho tc dng vi Na2CO3.
15. Cho cc hp cht: Cu2S, CuS, CuO, Cu2O

Hai cht c thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca Cu bng nhau l:
A. Cu2S v CuO.
B. Cu2S v Cu2O.
C. CuS v Cu2O.
D. CuS v CuO.
16. Phn chua c cng thc no sau y?

A. Al2 (SO4)3.
B. K2SO4. Al2(SO4)3.12H2O.
C. K2SO4. Al2(SO4)3. 24H2O.
D. (NH4)2SO4. Al2(SO4)3. 24H2O.

123
17. Dung dch cha hn hp no sau y c gi l nc Javen

A. NaCl + NaClO3.
B. NaCl + NaClO2.
C. NaCl + NaClO.
D. CaOCl2+ CaCl2.
18. Dung dch mui n c ln tp cht l NaBr v NaI. thu c mui n tinh khit ngi
ta sc vo kh X n d, sau c cn. Kh X l
A. Cl2.
B. F2.
C. O2.
D. HCl.
19. Nhit phn KNO3 thu c sn phm gm:

A. K, NO2 v O2.
B. KNO2 v O2.
C. K2O v NO2.
D. KNO2 v NO2.
20. Cho 4,05 gam nhm kim loi phn ng vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c kh NO duy
nht. Khi lng ca NO l
A. 4,5 gam.
B. 6,9 gam.
C. 3 gam.
D. 6,75 gam.
21. tinh ch mt mu bc kim loi c ln ng kim loi ngi ta ngm mu bc vo

dung dch no sau y?
A. ZnCl2.
B. NaCl.
C. AgNO3.
D. Cu(NO3)2.
22. C 6 dung dch NaCl, FeCl2, FeCl3, MgCl2, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4. Dng kim loi no sau
y c th phn bit 6 dung dch trn?
A. Na.
B. Ba.
C. Al.
D. Tt c u sai.
23. Ha tan 8,3 gam hn hp 2 kim loi Al v Fe bng dung dch HCl long thu c 0,5 gam
kh H2. C cn dung dch thu c hn hp mui c khi lng bng bao nhiu?
A. 26,05 gam.
B. 25,6 gam.
C. 29,6 gam.
D. 26,9 gam.
24. Cho Fe tc dng vi cc dung dch no sau y th u thu c mt mui ca st?

A. HCl v Cl2.
B. HCl v FeCl3.
C. CuCl2 v HCl.
D. B v C.
25. Qung xierit c cng thc l

A. FeS2.
B. FeCO3.
C. Fe2O3
D. Fe3O4.
26. Khi in phn Al2O3 ngi ta ha tan Al2O3 trong criolit lm g?

A. Gim nhit nng chy, tit kim nng lng.
B. To c cht lng dn in tt hn.
C. To hn hp nh ni bn trn ngn khng cho Al b oxi ha.
D. C A, B v C.
27. Cho dung dch c cha cc ion: Na+, NH4+, CO32, PO43, NO3, SO42. Dng ha cht no
loi c nhiu anion nht?
A. BaCl2.
B. MgCl2.
C. Ba(NO3)2.
D. NaOH.
28. Cho 0,1 mol Na v 0,1 mol Al vo nc d th sinh ra bao nhiu lt kh H2 (ktc)?
A. 4,48 lt.
B. 1,12 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 22,4 lt.
29. Cn ly nhng mui no pha ch c dung dch c cc ion: Na+, Cu2+, SO42, NO3,
Cl?
124
A. NaCl, CuSO4, NaNO3.
B. Na2SO4, CuCl2, Cu(NO3)2.
C. Na2SO4, NaCl, Cu(NO3)2.
D. A, B, C u ng.
30. S nguyn t trong cc chu k 2 v 5 ln lt l

A. 8 v 18.
B. 8 v 8.
D. 18 v 18.
D. 18 v 8.
31. t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X, dn ton b sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung
dch Ca(OH)2 d, thy khi lng bnh tng 20,4 gam v c 30 gam kt ta. Cng thc
phn t ca X l
A. C2H6.
B. C3H8.
C. C3H6.
D. C4H8.
32. Cho toluen phn ng vi Clo theo t l 1 : 1, c xc tc nh sng. Sn phm chnh thu
c
A. benzyl clorua. B. m-clotoluen.
C. p-clotoluen.
D. o-clotoluen.
33. Chn thuc th nhn bit 3 hirocacbon CH4, C2H4, C2H2?

A. dung dch KMnO4.
B. dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
C. dung dch HCl.
D. dung dch AgNO3/NH3, dung dch brom.
34. Etylen glicol phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 thu c phc mu xanh thm. Cc loi lin kt ha
hc c trong phc l
A. lin kt cng ha tr.
B. lin kt ion.
C. lin kt cho nhn.
D. c A v C.
35. Ru etylic c th to thnh trc tip t cht no?

A. anehit axetic.
B. etyl clorua.
C. etilen.
D. Tt c u ng.
36. Mt ru n chc c 50% oxi v khi lng. Cng thc phn t ca ru l
A. C2H5OH.
C. CH3OH.
B. CH2=CHCH2OH.
D. (CH3)3CHOH.
37. Ru isoamylic c tn gi quc t l

A. n-pentanol.
C. 2,2-imetybutanol.
B. 2-metylbutanol-2.
D. 3-metylbutanol-1.
38. 17,7 gam mt amin bc 1 phn ng va vi FeCl3 thu c 10,7 gam kt ta. Cng
thc ca amin l
A. C2H5NH2.
B. C3H7NH2.
C. CH3NH2.
D. C4H9NH2.
39. Cng thc no ng nht sau y c dng ch anehit no n chc?
A. CnH2nO.
B. CnH2n+1CHO. C. CnH2n-1CHO. D. RCHO.
40. CxHyO2 l mt anehit no, mch h. Khi

A. y = 2x.
B. y = 2x + 2.
C. y = 2x 2.
D. y = 2x 4.
41. Cho a mol mt anehit Y phn ng ht vi AgNO3/ NH3 thu c 4a mol Ag. Anehit Y
l
A. HCHO.
B. (CHO)2.
C. R(CHO)2.
D. tt c u ng.
42. Cht no sau y c nhiu trong thuc l?
A. heroin.
B. nicotin.
C. morphin.
D. caroten.
125
43. Oxi ha 2,2 gam anehit X thu c 3 gam axit tng ng. Xc nh cng thc ca
anehit?
A. (CHO)2.
B. CH3CHO.
C. CH CH CH CH
D. c B v C
|
CHO
CHO
44. Th tch H2 ( 0oC, 2 atm) cn phn ng va vi 11,2 gam anehit acrylic l

A. 0,448 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 0,336 lt.
45. Trung ha a mol axit hu c X cn 2a mol NaOH. Mt khc, t chy a mol axit trn thu
c 2a mol CO2. Cng thc ca X l
A. CH3COOH.
B. (COOH)2.
C. CH2(COOH)2.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
46. Trung ha hon ton 1,8 gam mt axit hu c n chc bng mt lng va dung dch
NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn ng 2,46 gam mui khan. Cng thc axit l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH2=CHCOOH.
D. C2H2COOH.
47. Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C3H6O3, X c th phn ng vi Na v Na2CO3.

Oxi ha X bng CuO thu c sn phm c phn ng trng gng. Cng thc ca X l
A. OH CH 2 CH 2 COOH
B. CH 3 CH COOH
I
OH
C. HCOOCH2 CH3.
D. CH 2 CH CHO
I
OH OH
48. phn bit du nht bi trn ng c v du thc vt, ngi ta dng cch no sau
y?
A. Ha tan vo nc, cht no nh ni ln mt nc l du thc vt.
B. Cht no tan trong dung dch HCl l du nht.
C. un nng vi dung dch NaOH, sau ngui. Cho sn phm thu c phn
ng vi Cu(OH)2, thy to ra dung dch mu xanh thm l du thc vt.
D. Tt c u sai.
49. Hp cht no sau y khng phi l aminoaxit?
A. H2N CH2 CH2 COOH.
B. CH 3 CH COOH
I
NH 2
C. HOOC CH CH 2 COOH
D. HCOO CH CH 2 COOH
NH 2
NH 2
50. phn bit ba mu ha cht: phenol, axit acrylic, axit axetic c th dng
A. dung dch brom.
B. dung dch Na2CO3.
C. dung dch AgNO3/ NH3.
D. dung dch NaOH.
S 09
126
1. Tn l st trng km. Nu tn b xc th kim loi no b n mn nhanh hn?

A. Zn.
B. Fe.
C. c hai b n mn nh nhau.
D. khng xc nh c.
2. Kh hon ton 4,64 gam hn hp cc oxit ca st (FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4) bng CO nhit
cao. Kh sinh ra sau phn ng c dn vo bnh ng nc vi trong d thu c 8 gam
kt ta. Khi lng st thu c l
A. 3,36 gam.
B. 3,63 gam.
C. 6,33 gam.
D. 33,6 gam.
3. Dng ha cht no sau y c th phn bit c hai kh SO2 v CO2?

A. dung dch Ca(OH)2.
B. dung dch Na2CO3.
C. dung dch Br2.
D. dung dch H2SO4 c.
4. Magiesilixua c cng thc phn t l

A. MgSi.
B. Mg2Si.
C. MgSi2.
D. Mg3Si2.
5. Oxi ha ht 12 gam kim loi to thnh 16,8 gam sn phm rn. Hi tn ca kim loi l
g?
B. St.
A. Magie.
C. Natri.
D. Canxi.
6. Oxit no sau y phn ng c vi dung dch HF?

A. P2O5.
B. CO2.
C. SiO2.
D. SO2.
C. (NH4)2SO4.
D. (NH2)2CO.
7. m ure c cng thc no sau y?

A. NH4NO3.
B. NaNO3.
8. Trn mt a cn t cc ng axit sunfuric c, trn a cn khc t qu cn thng

bng. Sau khi thng bng cn, nu lu ngi ta thy
A. cn cn lch v pha cc axit.
B. cn cn lch v pha qu cn.
C. cn vn thng bng.
D. khng xc nh c chnh xc
9. Sc kh H2S ln lt vo dung dch cc mui: NaCl, BaCl2, Zn(NO3)2 v CuSO4. dung
dch no xy ra phn ng?
A. NaCl.
B. BaCl2.
C. Zn(NO3)2.
D. CuSO4.
10. Tnh kh ca C th hin trong phn ng no sau y?

t
2CO
A. C + CO2
t
CH4
B. C + 2H2
t
Al4C3
C. 3C + 4Al
t
CaC2 + CO
D. 3C + CaO
11. Supephotphat n c cng thc l

A. Ca(H2PO4)2.
B. CaHPO4.
C. Ca3(PO4)2.
D. Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaSO4.
12. Tm nhn nh sai trong cc cu sau y?

A. Tt c cc mui nitrat u tan v l cht in li mnh.
B. Mui nitrat rn km bn vi nhit, khi b nhit phn u to ra kh oxi.
127
C. Mui nitrat th hin tnh oxi ho trong c ba mi trng axit, baz v trung tnh.
D. Mui nitrat rn c tnh oxi ho.
13. Khi b nhit phn dy mui nitrat no sau y cho sn phm l oxit kim loi, kh nit
ioxit v oxi?
A. Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3, NaNO3.
B. KNO3, Hg(NO3)2, LiNO3.
C. Pb(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2.
D. Mg(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, AgNO3.
14. Cho 50 ml dung dch ho tan 4,48 lt NH3 tc dng vi 150 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M
thu c dung dch X. S ion trong dung dch X l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
15. Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron: 1s22s22p63s23p1. S th t chu k v

nhm ca X l
A. 2 v III.
B. 3 v II.
C. 3 v III.
D. 3 v I.
16. Nhng giy qu tm vo dung dch Na2CO3 th

A. giy qu tm b mt mu.
B. giy qu chuyn t mu tm thnh xanh.
C. giy qu khng i mu.
D. giy qu chuyn t mu tm thnh .
17. Trn ln 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,125M vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu c dung
dch A. pH ca dung dch A l
A. 2.
B. 12.
C. 13.
D. 11.
18. Dy cht, ion no sau y l baz

A. NH3, PO43, Cl, NaOH.
B. HCO3, CaO, CO32, NH4+.
C. Ca(OH)2, CO32, NH3, PO43.
D. Al2O3, Cu(OH)2, HCO3.
19. in phn dung dch AgNO3 n khi nc b in phn catot th dng li. Dung dch thu
c c mi trng
A. axit.
B. baz.
C. trung tnh.
D. khng xc nh c.
20. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca X l ns2np4. Vy X l

A. kim loi.
B. phi kim.
C. kh him.
D. nguyn t lng tnh.
21. Thi 8,96 lt CO (ktc) qua 16 gam FexOy nung nng. Dn ton b lng kh sau phn
ng qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thy to ra 30 gam kt ta. Khi lng st thu c l
A. 9,2 gam.
B. 6,4 gam.
C. 9,6 gam.
D. 11,2 gam.
22. Nung dy st nng , sau a vo bnh kh clo d, thu c

A. st (III) clorua .
128
B. st (II) clorua.
C. st (III) clorua v st (II) clorua.
D. khng phn ng.
23. in phn dung dch NaCl long khng c mng ngn thu c
A. nc Javen.
B. nc clo.
C. nc cng thu.
D. nc ty mu.
24. Ho tan ht 0,1 mol K vo m gam nc thu c dung dch c nng 25%. Khi lng
nc dng l
A. 22,4 gam.
B. 1,8 gam.
C. 18,6 gam.
D. 0,9 gam.
25. Thp l hp kim ca st v cacbon trong hm lng cacbon

A. chim t 25%.
B. trn 5%.
C. di 2%.
D. di 0,2%.
26. t hn hp Fe vi S thu c
A. FeS.
B. FeS2.
C. Fe2S3.
D. Fe2S.
27. Canxi oxit c iu ch bng cch nhit phn CaCO3 theo phng trnh sau
CaCO3
to
CaO + CO2 ;
H > 0
chuyn dch cn bng theo chiu to ra CaO ngi ta thay i cc yu t nhit , p

sut nh th no?
A. Tng nhit v tng p sut. B. Gim nhit v gim p sut.
C. Tng nhit v gim p sut. D. Gim nhit v tng p sut.
28. Chn cng thc ng ca qung apatit?
A. Ca(PO4)2.
B. Ca3(PO4)2.
C. CaP2O7.
D. 3Ca3(PO4)2.CaF2.
29. Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch AlCl3, un nng nh thy c
A. c kh bay ra.
B. c kt ta trng ri tan.
C. kt ta trng.
D. c A v C.
30. Cho mt lng nhm tc dng hon ton vi Fe2O3 thu c hn hp A. Ho tan A trong
HNO3d, thu c 2,24 lt (ktc) mt kh khng mu, ho nu trong khng kh. Khi
lng nhm dng l
A. 5,4 gam.
B. 4,0 gam.
C. 1,35 gam.
D. 2,7 gam.
31. Cho cc axit sau: CH3COOH, CH2ClCOOH, HCOOH, CHCl2COOH

Th t tng dn lc axit ca chng l
A. HCOOH < CH3COOH < CH2ClCOOH < CHCl2COOH.
B. CH3COOH < HCOOH < CHCl2COOH < CH2ClCOOH.
C. CHCl2COOH < CH2ClCOOH < HCOOH < CH3COOH.
D. CH3COOH < HCOOH < CH2ClCOOH < CHCl2COOH.
32. trung ho 20 ml dung dch mt axit n chc cn 30 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. C
cn dung dch sau khi trung ho thu c 1,44 gam mui khan. Cng thc ca axit l
A. C2H3COOH. B. C2H5COOH. C. C2H4COOH. D. CH3COOH.
33. iu kin thng cc amino axit tn ti trng thi
129
A. lng.
B. rn.
C. kh.
D. khng xc nh c.
34. Cao su thin nhin c cng thc no sau y?

A. (CH2CH=CHCH2)n.
B. [CH2CH(CH3)]n.
C. [CH2C(CH3)=CHCH2]n.
D. (CH2CCl=CHCH2)n.
35. Chn mt ha cht phn bit cc dung dch ru etylic, anehit axetic, phenol?
A. dung dch brom.
B. dung dch AgNO3.
C. dung dch NaOH.
C. Na.
36. 6,16 gam anehit X l ng ng ca anehit fomic tc dng ht vi Cu(OH)2 trong dung
dch NaOH thu c 20,16 gam kt ta gch. Cng thc ca X l
A. HCHO.
B. CH3CHO.
C. C2H5CHO.
D. C3H7CHO.
37. Anehit Y c t khi so vi khng kh l 2. Cng thc ph hp ca Y l

A. C2H5CHO.
B. (CHO)2.
C. CH3CHO.
D. c A, B u ng.
38. Ru c nhit si cao hn anehit tng ng. Nguyn nhn chnh l do

A. ru c khi lng ln hn.
B. phn t ru phn cc hn.
C. ru c lin kt hiro.
D. ru c lin kt hiro vi nc.
39. Dng ha cht no di y c th tinh ch c metan c ln etilen v axetilen?

A. dung dch H2SO4.
B. dung dch brom.
C. dung dch KMnO4.
D. c B, C.
40. Dy axit no trong cc axit sau y lm mt mu dung dch brom?

axit fomic, axit axetic, axit acrylic, axit propinoic, axit benzoic
A. axit benzoic, axit acrylic, axit propinoic.
B. axit acrylic, axit axetic, axit propinoic.
C. axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit propinoic.
D. axit acrylic, axit propinoic.
41. Oxi ha hon ton 4,48 gam bt Fe thu c 6,08 gam hn hp 2 oxit st (hn hp X).
Kh hon ton hn hp X bng H2. Th tch H2 (ktc) ti thiu cn dng l
A. 1,92 lt.
B. 2,34 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. kt qu khc.
42. Cho Na phn ng hon ton vi 18,8 gam hn hp hai ru no n chc k tip nhau trong
dy ng ng sinh ra 5,6 lt khi H2 ktc. CTPT ca hai ru l
A, C4H9OH v C5H11OH.
B. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. C2H5OH vC3H7OH.
43. S lng ng phn anken mch nhnh c CTPT C5H10 l

A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
44. T 16 gam t n cha 80% CaC2 c th iu ch c bao nhiu lt C2H2 ktc, bit
hiu sut ca qu trnh l 80%?
A. 5,6 lt.
45. Cho hai phn ng sau:
130
B. 4,48 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 3,584 lt.
1) CH3CHO + Br2 + H2O CH3COOH + HBr

2) CH3CHO + 2AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O CH3COOH + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3
Trong hai phn ng trn CH3CHO ng vai tr l cht g?
A. Cht oxi ha.
B. Cht kh.
C. (1) l cht kh, (2) l cht oxi ha.
D. (1) l cht oxi ha, (2) l cht kh.
46. Gi tn theo danh php quc t ca axit c cng thc sau:
CH3 CH CH COOH
CH3 C2H5
A. 2-metyl-3-etylbutanoic.
B. 3-etyl-2metylbutanoic.
C. 2-etyl-3-metylbutanoic.
D. 3-metyl-2etylbutanoic.
47. Mt anehit khi tham gia phn ng trng gng c t l mol nanehit : nag = 1 : 4. Anehit
l
A. 1 anehit n chc.
B. 1 anehit 2 chc.
C. anehit fomic.
D. c B v C.
48. iu kin mt cht c phn ng trng hp l

A. c lin kt bi.
B. c t 2 nhm chc tr ln.
C. c t 2 nhm chc c kh nng phn ng vi nhau tr ln.
D. c lin kt ba.
49. Cng thc tng qut ca este to bi axit X n chc v ru Y a chc l
A. R(COOR1)n.
B. R(COO)nR1.
C. (ROOC)nR1(COOR)m.
D. (RCOO)nR1.
50. Hai este A, B l ng phn ca nhau. 17,6 gam hn hp trn chim th tch bng th tch
ca 6,4 gam oxi cng iu kin. Hai este l
A. CH3COOCH3 v HCOOC2H5.
B. CH3COOC2H5 v HCOOC3H7.
C. HCOOC3H7 v C3H7COOH.
D. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.
131
S 10
1. Trong cng mt lp, electron thuc phn lp no c mc nng lng thp nht?
A. phn lp s.
B. phn lp p.
2. Nguyn t Ag c 2 ng v
t trung bnh ca Ag l
A. 106,8.
109
Ag,
107
C. phn lp d.
Ag. Bit
B. 107,88.
D. phn lp f.
109
Ag chim 44%. Vy khi lng nguyn
C. 108.
D. 109,5.
3. Cation no sau y c bn knh nh nht?

A. Na+.
B. K+.
C. Mg2+.
D. Ca2+.
4. Tnh nng ion nitrat c trong 200ml dung dch cha HNO3 0,02M v NaNO3 0,03M.
A. 0,05M.
B. 0,003M.
C. 0,002M.
D. 0,5M.
5. X l mt -aminoaxit no, mch nhnh ch cha mt nhm NH2 v mt nhm COOH.

Cho 23,4 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 30,7 gam mui. Cng thc cu
to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3CH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH.
B. H2NCH2COOH.
C. H2NCH(CH3)CH2COOH.
D. CH3CH(CH3)CH(NH2)COOH.
6. Cho bit ion no trong s cc ion sau l cht lng tnh?
HCO3, H2O, HSO4, HS, NH4+
A. HCO3, HSO4, HS.
B. HCO3, NH4+, H2O.
C. H2O, HSO4, NH4+.
D. HCO3, H2O, HS.
7. Cn bao nhiu lt HCl (0oC, 2 atm) pha ch c 1 lt dung dch c pH = 2?

A. 0,224 lt.
132
B. 1,12 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 0,112 lt.
8. i t nit n bitmut
A. kh nng oxi ho gim dn.
B. m in tng dn.
C. bn knh nguyn t tng dn.
D. khi lng nguyn t tng dn.
Chn pht biu sai.

9. Dung dch amoniac c mi trng baz yu nn
A. lm i mu qu tm thnh xanh.
B. ho tan hiroxit lng tnh Al(OH)3.
C. tc dng vi cc cht Cu(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, AgOH to thnh phc cht.
D. c th phn ng vi cc mui m kim loi c hiroxit khng tan.
Chn cu sai.
10. Cho phn ng ho hc sau:
N2 + 3H2
2NH3 ;
H < 0
Cn bng trn s chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi no?

A. Tng nhit .
B. Gim p sut ca h.
C. Thm cht xc tc.
D. Ho lng amoniac tch ra khi hn hp phn ng.
11. HNO3 c diu ch theo s sau:
NH3 NO NO2 HNO3
T 6,72 lt NH3 (ktc) th thu c bao nhiu lt dung dch HNO3 3M. Bit hiu sut ca
c qu trnh l 80%?
A. 0,3 lt.
B. 0,33 lt.
C. 0,08 lt.
D. 3,3 lt.
12. Supephotphat kp c cng thc l

A. Ca(H2PO4)2.
B. CaHPO4.
C. Ca3 (PO4)2.
D. Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaSO4.
13. Than chy trong oxi tinh khit v trong khng kh c ging nhau khng?
A. than chy trong oxi tinh khit v trong khng kh nh nhau.
B. than chy trong oxi tinh khit mnh hn.
C. than chy trong khng kh mnh hn.
D. khng xc nh c.
14. Ozon c rt nhiu ng dng trong thc tin nh: Ty trng thc phm,kh trng nc n,
kh mi, cha su rng .v.v... Nguyn nhn dn n ozon c nhng ng dng l v
A. ozon km bn.
B. ozon c tnh kh mnh.
C. ozon c tnh oxi ha mnh.
D. mt nguyn nhn khc.
15. Dung dch H2S trong nc khi lu ngy tr nn c. Hin tng ny c gii thch
nh sau
A. H2S b phn hy thnh H2 v S.
133
B. H2S b oxi ha khng hon ton thnh H2O v S.

C. H2S b oxi ha hon ton thnh H2O v SO2.
D. H2S phn ng vi SO2 trong khng kh to thnh H2O v S.
16. Phn ng no sau y c dng iu ch kh CO trong cng nghip?
A. 2C + O2 2CO
C. C + H2O
to
CO + H2
H2SO4
B. HCOOH
CO + H2O
D. 3C + Fe2O3 3CO + 2Fe
17. Cht no sau y c dng lm thuc cha bnh au d dy?

A. natricacbonat.
B. natrihirocacbonat.
C. canxicacbonat.
D. magiecacbonat.
18. in phn dung dch NaCl long khng c mng ngn, dung dch thu c c tn l
A. nc Javen.
B. nc ty mu.
C. nc cng thu.
D. nc clo.
19. Dung dch NaHCO3 c pH

A. < 7.
B. = 7.
C. > 7.
D. khng xc nh.
20. Cho st phn ng vi HNO3 rt long thu c NH4NO3, c phng trnh ion thu gn l
A. 8Fe + 30H+ + 6NO3 8Fe3+ + 3NH4NO3 + 9H2O
B. 8Fe + 30HNO3 8Fe3+ + 3NH4NO3 + 9H2O
C. 3Fe + 48H+ + 8NO3 3Fe2+ + 8NH4+ + 24H2O
D. 8Fe + 30H+ + 3NO3 8Fe3+ + 3NH4+ + 9H2O
21. Mui FeCl2 th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. Cl2.
B. AgNO3.
C. Zn.
D. dd HNO3.
22. Nh t t dung dch H3PO4 vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 cho n d thy

A. khng c hin tng g.
B. xut hin kt ta trng khng tan.
C. xut hin kt ta trng v tan ngay.
D. xut hin kt ta trng sau kt ta tan dn to dung dch trong sut.
23. Ho tan ht 9,2 gam mt kim loi kim Y vo 100 gam nc. Sau khi phn ng xong dung
dch cn li 108,8 gam. Th tch dung dch HCl 0,5 M cn trung ho ht dung dch trn
l
A. 400 ml.
B. 1600 ml.
C. 600ml.
D. 800 ml.
24. in phn dung dch cha cc mui: AgNO3, Ni(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2. Th t kh cc cation
kim loi trn catot l
A. Ag+ > Ni2+ > Cu2+.
B. Ag+ > Cu2+ > Ni2+.
C. Ni2+ > Cu2+ > Ag+.
D. Cu2+ > Ni2+ > Ag+.
25. Trong t nhin clo khng tn ti dng n cht m lun tn ti dng hp cht v
A. clo c tnh oxi ha mnh.
134
B. clo c tnh kh ha mnh.
C. clo lun phn ng vi nc.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
26. Cho Na vo dung dch CuSO4 thy

A. Na tan v xut hin cht rn mu .
B. Na tan v c kh khng mu thot ra.
C. Na tan v c kh khng mu thot ra ng thi xut hin kt ta xanh nht.
D. C kt ta xanh nht.
27. Ti sao khi ha tan Zn bng dung dch HCl, nu thm vi git mui Cu2+ th qu trnh ha
tan xy ra nhanh hn (kh thot ra mnh hn)?
A. Mui Cu2+ c tc dng xc tc cho phn ng.
B. Xy ra s n mn ha hc.
C. To ra dng hn hng.
D. Xy ra s n mn in ha.
28. Axit no sau y mnh nht?
A. H2SiO3.
B. H3PO4.
C. H2SO4.
D. HClO4.
29. nhn ra Na2CO3, MgCl2, AlCl3, cn dng

A. dd Ba(OH)2. B. Ca(OH)2.
C. NaOH.
D. BaCl2.
30. Trong phn ng no sau y FeO ng vai tr l oxit baz?

A. FeO + Al.
B. FeO + O2.
C. FeO + H2.
D. FeO + HCl.
31. Cho 6,6 gam hn hp axit axetic v mt axit hu c n chc B tc dng ht vi dung
dch KOH thu c 10,4 gam hai mui khan. Tng s mol hai axit dng l
A. 0,15.
B. 0,2.
C. 0,05.
D. 0,1.
32. Ha tan ht 5,6 gam Fe bng mt lng va dung dch HNO3 c nng thu c V lt
NO2 l sn phm kh duy nht (ktc). V nhn gi tr nh nht l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
33. Dung dch A cha 0,01 mol Fe(NO3)3 v 0,15 mol HCl c kh nng ha tan ti a bao
nhiu gam Cu kim loi? (Bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht)
A. 2,88 gam.
B. 3,92 gam.
C. 3,2 gam.
D. 5,12 gam.
34. Cho hirocacbon X c cng thc phn t l C7H8. Cho 4,6 gam X tc dng vi lng d
AgNO3/NH3 thu c 15,3 gam kt ta. X c ti a bao nhiu cng thc cu to?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
35. C4H8 c bao nhiu ng phn mch h

A. 2.
B. 3.
36. Dng nhng ho cht no sau y c th nhn bit c 4 cht lng khng mu l etylen
glicol, ru etylic, glucoz, phenol?
A. dung dch Br2 v Cu(OH)2.
B. AgNO3/NH3 v Cu(OH)2.
C. Na v dung dch Br2.
D. Na v AgNO3/NH3.
135
37. t chy hon ton 0,9 gam mt hp cht hu c A thu c 1,32 gam CO2 v 0,54 gam
H2O. A c KLPT l 180. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. C5H10O5.
B. C2H4O2.
C. C6H12O6.
D. C5H8O7.
38. Cho 2,5 kg glucoz cha 20% tp cht ln men thnh ru etylic. Trong qu trnh ch
bin ru b hao ht 10%. Tnh khi lng ru thu c?
A. 0,92 kg.
B. 0,575 kg.
C. 0,51 kg.
D. 5,15 kg.
39. Cho vi git anilin vo nc, quan st hin tng; thm HCl vo dung dch, quan st hin
tng ri cho tip vi git NaOH, quan st hin tng. Cc hin tng xy ra ln lt l
A. anilin tan, xut hin kt ta, kt ta tan.
B. thy vn c, vn c tan, thy vn c.
C. thy vn c, vn c khng thay i, vn c tan.
D. thy vn c, vn c tan, khng hin tng g.
40. Ghp tn ct 1 v CTCT ct 2 cho ph hp:
Ct 1
1. isopropyl axetat
2. allylacrylat
3. phenyl axetat
4. sec-butyl fomiat
Ct 2
a. C6H5OOCCH3
b. CH3COOCH(CH3)2
c. CH2=CHCOOCH=CH2
d. CH2=CHCOOCHCH=CH2
e. HCOOCH(CH3)CH2CH3
A. 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-e.
B. 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-e.
C. 1-d, 2-d, 3-a, 4-e.
D. 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c.
41. Thy phn 1 mol este cho 2 mui v nc. CTCT ca este c dng
A. RCOOR.
B. RCOOCH=CHR.
C. RCOOC6H5.
D. C6H5COOR.
(R l gc hirocacbon trong cacbon mang ha tr l cacbon no)

42. Phn ng gia benzen v etylclorua c xc tc l AlCl3 to ra HCl v
A. toluen.
B. phenylclorua. C. stiren.
D. etylbenzen.
43. Hp cht no di y tc dng c vi AgNO3/NH3:

CH3CCH, CH3CHO, CH3COCH3, CH3CCCH3
A. CH3CCH v CH3CCCH3.
B. CH3CHO v CH3CCH.
C. CH3CCCH3 v CH3COCH3.
D. c 4 cht trn.
44. Trong phng th nghim axetilen c th iu ch bng cch
A. cho nhm cacbua tc dng vi nc.
B. un nng natri axetat vi vi ti xt.
136
C. cho canxi cacbua tc dng vi nc.

D. Kh nc ca ru etylic.
45. Penta-1,3-ien c cng thc cu to no sau y?
A. CH2=CHCH2CH=CH2.
B. CH2=CHCH=CHCH3.
C. CH2=C=CHCH2CH3.
D. CH3CH2CH=CHCH3.
46. Cho qu tm vo dung dch mi hp cht di y, dung dch no lm qu tm chuyn

thnh mu xanh?
A. H2NCH2COONa.
C. Cl
NH3+CH2COOH.
B. H2NCH2COOH.
D. HOOC(CH2)3CH(NH2)COOH.
47. Cht no sau y c th dng lm khan ru etylic?

A. CaO.
B. CuSO4 khan. C. Na2SO4 khan. D. c A, B, C.
48. Cho glixerin tc dng vi hn hp 2 axit stearic, panmitic th to ra ti a bao nhiu

trieste?
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
49. Cng HBr vo mt anken thu c sn phm c % Br v khi lng l 65%. Anken l
A. C2H4.
B. C3H6.
C. C4H8.
D. C5H10.
50. Glucoz v fructoz thuc loi saccarit no?

A. monosaccarit.
B. isaccarit.
C. oligosaccarit.
D. polisaccarit
S 11
1. Pht biu no di y khng ng?
A. Nguyn t c cu thnh t cc ht c bn l proton, ntron v electron.
B. Ht nhn nguyn t c cu thnh t cc ht proton v ntron.
C. V nguyn t c cu thnh bi cc ht electron.
D. Nguyn t c cu trc c kht, gm v nguyn t v ht nhn nguyn t.
2. Nguyn t nguyn t R c tng s ht bng 34, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s
ht khng mang in l 10 ht. K hiu v v tr ca R (chu k, nhm) trong bng tun hon
l
A. Na, chu k 3, nhm IA.
B. Mg, chu k 3, nhm IIA.
C. F, chu k 2, nhm VIIA.
D. Ne, chu k 2, nhm VIIIA.
137
3. Cc nguyn t X (Z = 8), Y (Z = 16), T (Z = 19), G (Z = 20) c th to c ti a bao

nhiu hp cht ion v hp cht cng ha tr ch gm 2 nguyn t? (ch xt cc hp cht
hc trong chng trnh ph thng)
A. Ba hp cht ion v ba hp cht cng ha tr.
B. Hai hp cht ion v bn hp cht cng ho tr.
C. Nm hp cht ion v mt hp cht cng ha tr
D. Bn hp cht ion v hai hp cht cng ha tr.
4. Ion no di y khng c cu hnh electron ca kh him?
A. Na+.
B. Fe2+.
C. Al3+.
D. Cl.
5. Hy chn phng n ng trong cc dy cht no di y c sp xp theo chiu tng

dn s phn cc lin kt trong phn t?
A. HCl, Cl2, NaCl.
B. NaCl, Cl2, HCl.
C. Cl2, HCl, NaCl.
D. Cl2, NaCl, HCl.
6. ng c th tc dng vi
A. dung dch mui st (II) to thnh mui ng (II) v gii phng st.
B. dung dch mui st (III) to thnh mui ng (II) v gii phng st.
C. dung dch mui st (III) to thnh mui ng (II) v mui st (II).
D. khng th tc dng vi dung dch mui st (III).
7. Cho phn ng sau:
Mg + HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + NO + NO2 + H2O.
Nu t l s mol gia NO v NO2 l 2 : 1, th h s cn bng ca HNO3 trong phng trnh
ha hc l
A. 12.
B. 30.
C. 18.
D. 20.
8. m gam phoi bo st (A) ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian bin thnh hn hp (B) c
khi lng 12 gam gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Cho B tc dng hon ton vi dung dch
HNO3 thy gii phng ra 2,24 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc). Gi tr ca m l bao nhiu?
A. 11,8 gam.
B. 10,08 gam.
C. 9,8 gam.
D. 8,8 gam.
9. Cho cc cht di y: H2O, HCl, NaOH, NaCl, CH3COOH, CuSO4. Cc cht in li yu

l
A. H2O, CH3COOH, CuSO4.
B. CH3COOH, CuSO4.
C. H2O, CH3COOH.
D. H2O, NaCl, CH3COOH, CuSO4.
10. Theo thuyt axit - baz ca Bronstet, ion Al3+ trong nc c tnh cht
A. axit.
B. lng tnh.
C. baz.
D. trung tnh.
11. Cho phn ng:

2NO2 + 2NaOH NaNO2 + NaNO3 + H2O
Hp th ht x mol NO2 vo dung dch cha x mol NaOH th dung dch thu c c gi tr
A. pH = 7.
138
B. pH > 7.
C. pH = 0.
D. pH < 7.
12. Cho dung dch cha x gam Ba(OH)2 vo dung dch cha x gam HCl. Dung dch thu c
sau phn ng c mi trng
A. axit.
B. trung tnh.
C. Baz.
D. khng xc nh c.
13. Hy ch ra mnh khng chnh xc:

A. Tt c cc mui AgX (X l halogen) u khng tan.
B. Tt c hiro halogenua u tn ti th kh, iu kin thng.
C. Tt c hiro halogenua khi tan vo nc u to thnh dung dch axit.
D. Cc halogen (t F2 n I2) tc dng trc tip vi hu ht cc kim loi.
14. Phn ng no di y vit khng ng?
A. Cl2 + Ca(OH)2 CaOCl2 + H2O
t , MnO2
2KCl + 3O2
B. 2KClO3
o
t thng
KCl + KClO + H2O
C. Cl2 + 2KOH
o
t thng
D. 3Cl2 + 6KOH long
5KCl + KClO3 + 3H2O
o
15. C 5 gi bt mu tng t nhau l ca cc cht CuO, FeO, MnO2, Ag2O, (Fe + FeO). C
th dng dung dch no trong cc dung dch di y phn bit cc cht trn?
A. HNO3.
B. AgNO3.
C. HCl.
D. Ba(OH)2.
16. Phng trnh ha hc no di y thng dng iu ch SO2 trong phng th nghim?

t
A. 4FeS2 + 11O2
2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
o
t
B. S + O2
SO2
C. 2H2S + 3O2 2SO2 + 2H2O
o
D. Na2SO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O + SO2

17. Cc kh sinh ra khi cho saccaroz vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng, d gm:
A. H2S v CO2. B. H2S v SO2.
C. SO3 v CO2. D. SO2 v CO2.
18. Axit sunfuric c thng c dng lm kh cc cht kh m. Kh no di y c th

c lm kh nh axit sunfuric c?
A. Kh CO2.
B. Kh H2S.
C. Kh NH3.
D. Kh SO3.
19. HNO3 long khng th hin tnh oxi ho khi tc dng vi cht no di y?
A. Fe.
B. Fe(OH)2.
C. FeO.
D. Fe2O3.
20. nhn bit ion NO3 ngi ta thng dng Cu v dung dch H2SO4 long v un nng,
bi v
A. phn ng to ra dung dch c mu xanh v kh khng mi lm xanh giy qu m.
B. phn ng to ra dung dch c mu vng nht.
C. phn ng to ra kt ta mu xanh.
D. phn ng to dung dch c mu xanh v kh khng mu ho nu trong khng kh.
21. Nung nng hon ton 27,3 gam hn hp NaNO3, Cu(NO3)2. Hn hp kh thot ra c
dn vo nc d th thy c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) khng b hp th (lng O2 ho tan khng
ng k). Khi lng Cu(NO3)2 trong hn hp ban u l
139
A. 28,2 gam.
B. 8,6 gam.
C. 4,4 gam.
D. 18,8 gam.
22. Cho cc kim loi Cu; Al; Fe; Au; Ag. Dy gm cc kim loi c sp xp theo chiu tng
dn tnh dn in ca kim loi (t tri sang phi) l
A. Fe, Au, Al, Cu, Ag.
B. Fe, Al, Cu, Au, Ag.
C. Fe, Al, Cu, Ag, Au.
D. Al, Fe, Au, Ag, Cu.
23. Pht biu no di y khng ng v bn cht qu trnh ho hc in cc trong khi

in phn:
A. Anion nhng electron anot. B. Cation nhn electron catot.
C. S oxi ho xy ra anot.
D. S oxi ha xy ra catot.
24. T phng trnh ion thu gn sau: Cu + 2Ag+ Cu2+ + 2Ag. Kt lun no di y khng
ng?
A. Cu2+ c tnh oxi ho mnh hn Ag+.
B. Cu c tnh kh mnh hn Ag.
C. Ag+ c tnh oxi ho mnh hn Cu2+.
D. Cu b oxi ha bi ion Ag+.
25. Cho mt t bt Fe vo dung dch AgNO3 d, sau khi kt thc th nghim thu c dung
dch X gm
A. Fe(NO3)2, H2O.
B. Fe(NO3)2, AgNO3 d.
C. Fe(NO3)3, AgNO3 d.
D. Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, AgNO3.
26. Chia m gam hn hp mt mui clorua kim loi kim v BaCl2 thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: Ha tan ht vo nc ri cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d thu c 8,61
gam kt ta.
- Phn 2: em in phn nng chy hon ton thu c V lt kh anot (ktc).
Gi tr ca V l
A. 6,72 lt.
B. 0,672 lt.
C. 1,334 lt.
D. 3,44 lt.
27. Ngm mt inh st sch trong 200ml dung dch CuSO4. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, ly
inh st ra khi dung dch ra sch nh bng nc ct v sy kh ri em cn thy khi
lng inh st tng 0,8 gam so vi ban u. Nng mol ca dung dch CuSO4 dng l
gi tr no di y?
A. 0,05M.
B. 0,0625M.
C. 0,50M.
D. 0,625M.
28. Criolit c cng thc phn t l Na3AlF6 c thm vo Al2O3 trong qu trnh in phn
Al2O3 nng chy sn xut nhm v l do chnh l
A. lm gim nhit nng chy ca Al2O3, cho php in phn nhit thp, gip
tit kim nng lng.
B. lm tng dn in ca Al2O3 nng chy.
C. to mt lp ngn cch bo v nhm nng chy khi b oxi ho.
D. c A, B, C u ng
140
29. X, Y, Z l cc hp cht v c ca mt kim loi, khi t nng nhit cao u cho ngn
la mu vng. X tc dng vi Y thnh Z. Nung nng Y nhit cao thu c Z, hi
nc v kh E. Bit E l hp cht ca cacbon, E tc dng vi X cho Y hoc Z. X, Y, Z, E
ln lt l cc cht no di y?
A. NaOH, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, CO2.
B. NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, CO2.
C. KOH, KHCO3, CO2, K2CO3.
D. NaOH, Na2CO3, CO2, NaHCO3.
30. Ho tan hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr I v mt
mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr II bng dung dch HCl thy thot ra 4,48 lt kh CO2
(ktc). C cn dung dch thu c sau phn ng th khi lng mui khan thu c l bao
nhiu?
A. 26,0 gam.
B. 28,0 gam.
C. 26,8 gam.
D. 28,6 gam.
31. Trn 0,81 gam bt nhm vi bt Fe2O3 v CuO ri t nng tin hnh phn ng nhit
nhm thu c hn hp A. Ho tan hon ton A trong dung dch HNO3 un nng thu
c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht) ktc. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,224 lt.
B. 0,672 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
32. Hirocacbon A c cng thc n gin nht l C2H5. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. C4H10.
B. C6H15.
C. C8H20.
D. C2H5.
33. C bao nhiu ng phn cu to, mch h c cng thc phn t C5H8 tc dng vi H2 d
(Ni, to) thu c sn phm l isopentan?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
34. Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C4H10O. S lng cc ng phn ca X c phn ng

vi Na l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
35. C bao nhiu ng phn c cng cng thc phn t C5H12O khi oxi ha bng CuO (to) to
sn phm c phn ng trng gng?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
36. C bao nhiu ng phn l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t C8H10O tc dng c vi
Na, khng tc dng vi NaOH v khng lm mt mu dung dch Br2?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
37. X l ancol no, a chc, mch h. Khi t chy hon ton 1 mol X cn 3,5 mol O 2. Vy
cng thc ca X l
A. C3H6(OH)2.
B. C3H5(OH)3.
C. C4H7(OH)3.
D. C2H4(OH)2.
38. un 132,8 gam hn hp 3 ru no, n chc vi H2SO4 c 140oC thu c hn hp

cc ete c s mol bng nhau v c khi lng l 111,2 gam. S mol ca mi ete trong hn
hp l gi tr no sau y?
A. 0,1 mol.
B. 0,2 mol.
C. 0,3 mol.
D. 0,4 mol.
141
39. Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (c mt H2SO4 long) thu c hai sn
phm hu c X, Y (ch cha cc nguyn t C, H, O). T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y
bng mt phn ng duy nht. Tn gi ca X l
A. axit axetic.
B. axit fomic.
C. ancol etylic.
D. etyl axetat.
40. Cho hn hp gm 0,1 mol HCOOH v 0,2 mol HCHO tc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3 th khi lng Ag thu c l bao nhiu?
A. 108 gam.
B. 10,8 gam.
C. 216 gam.
D. 64,8 gam.
41. Thu phn este X trong mi trng kim thu c ru etylic. Bit khi lng phn t
ca ru bng 62,16% khi lng phn t ca este. X c cng thc cu to l
A. HCOOCH3.
B. HCOOC2H5. C. CH3COOC2H5. D. CH3COOCH3.
42. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp cc este no, n chc mch h. Sn phm chy c
dn vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 12,4 gam. Khi lng
kt ta to ra l
A. 12,4 gam.
B. 10 gam.
C. 20 gam.
D. 28,183 gam.
43. un nng ancol no, n chc A vi hn hp KBr v H2SO4 c thu c cht hu c Y

(cha C, H, Br), trong Br chim 73,4% v khi lng. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. CH3OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH.
D. C4H9OH.
44. Nguyn t nguyn t X to ion X. Tng s ht (p, n, e) trong X bng 116. X l nguyn t
no di y?
A. 34Se.
B. 32Ge.
C. 33As.
D. 35Br.
45. t chy 6 gam este X thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) v 3,6 gam H2O. X c cng thc phn
t l
A. C5H10O2.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C3H6O2.
D. C2H4O2.
46. Mt anehit no, mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim l (C2H3O)n. Cng
thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H3O.
B. C4H6O2.
C. C6H9O3.
D. C8H12O4.
47. Dung dch FeSO4 c ln tp cht CuSO4. C th dng cht no di y c th loi b

c tp cht?
A. Bt Fe d.
B. Bt Cu d.
C. Bt Al d.
D. Na d.
48. Ho tan hon ton 104,25 gam hn hp X gm NaCl v NaI vo nc c dung dch A.
Sc kh Cl2 d vo dung dch A. Kt thc th nghim, c cn dung dch thu c 58,5g
mui khan. Khi lng NaCl c trong hn hp X l
A. 29,25 gam.
B. 58,5 gam.
C. 17,55 gam.
D. 23,4 gam.
49. Ch dng ha cht no di y phn bit hai ng phn khc chc c cng cng thc
phn t C3H8O?
A. Al.
B. Cu(OH)2.
C. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
D. CuO.
50. Polime c tn l polipropilen c cu to mch nh sau:
142
CH2 CH CH2 CH CH2 CH CH2 CH CH2

CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
Cng thc chung ca polime l
A.
CH2 n
C.
CH2 CH CH2
CH3
n
B.
CH2 CH
CH3 n
D.
CH2 CH CH2 CH CH2

CH3
CH3
n
S 12
1. Ha tan 9,14 gam hp kim Cu, Mg, Al bng mt lng va dung dch HCl thu c
7,84 lt kh X (ktc) v 2,54 gam cht rn Y v dung dch Z. Lc b cht rn Y, c cn cn
thn dung dch Z thu c lng mui khan l
A. 31,45 gam.
B. 33,99 gam.
C. 19,025 gam. D. 56,3 gam.
143
2. Ho tan hon ton m gam Al vo dung dch HNO3 rt long th thu c hn hp gm

0,015 mol kh N2O v 0,01mol kh NO (phn ng khng to NH4NO3). Gi tr ca m l
A. 13,5 gam.
B. 1,35 gam.
C. 0,81 gam.
D. 8,1 gam
3. Hp cht hu c X, mch h (cha C, H, N), trong nit chim 23,73% v khi lng.
Bit X tc dng vi HCl vi t l s mol nX : nHCl 1:1. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H7N.
B. C3H7N.
C. C3H9N.
D. C4H11N.
4. t chy 6 gam este X thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) v 3,6 gam H2O. X c cng thc phn
t no di y?
A. C5H10O2.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C3H6O2.
D. C2H4O2.
5. Cho hai mui X, Y tha mn iu kin sau:

X + Y khng xy ra phn ng
X + Cu khng xy ra phn ng
Y + Cu khng xy ra phn ng
X + Y + Cu xy ra phn ng
X, Y l mui no di y?
A. NaNO3 v NaHCO3.
B. NaNO3 v NaHSO4.
C. Fe(NO3)3 v NaHSO4.
D. Mg(NO3)2 v KNO3.
6. Cho hn hp gm Fe v FeS tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt hn hp kh

iu kin tiu chun. Hn hp kh ny c t khi so vi hiro l 9. Thnh phn % theo s
mol ca hn hp Fe v FeS ban u ln lt l
A. 40% v 60%.
B. 50% v 50%.
C. 35% v 65%.
D. 45% v 55%.
7. Cho m gam Cu phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c 8,96 lt (ktc) hn hp kh NO

v NO2 c khi lng l 15,2 gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 25,6 gam.
B. 16 gam.
C. 2,56 gam.
D. 8 gam.
8. Pht biu no di y khng ng v bn cht qu trnh ho hc in cc trong khi

in phn?
A. Anion nhng electron anot. B. Cation nhn electron catot.
C. S oxi ho xy ra anot.
D. S oxi ha xy ra catot.
9. Hai este A, B l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t l C9H8O2. A v B u cng

hp vi brom theo t l mol l 1 : 1. A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH cho mt mui v mt
anehit. B tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d cho 2 mui v nc, cc mui u c phn t
khi ln hn phn t khi ca CH3COONa. Cng thc cu to ca A v B ln lt l cc
cht no di y?
A. HOOCC6H4CH=CH2 v CH2=CHCOOC6H5
B. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v C6H5CH=CHCOOH
C. HCOOC6H4CH=CH2 v HCOOCH=CHC6H5
D. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v CH2=CHCOOC6H5
144
10. Hn hp X gm hai kim loi A v B ng trc H trong dy in ha v c ha tr khng

i trong cc hp cht. Chia m gam X thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: Ha tan hon ton trong dung dch cha axit HCl v H2SO4 long to ra 3,36 lt
kh H2.
- Phn 2: Tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh
duy nht).
Bit cc th tch kh o ktc. Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
11. Ha tan hon ton hn hp X gm 0,4 mol FeO v 0,1mol Fe2O3 vo dung dch HNO3
long, d thu c dung dch A v kh B khng mu, ha nu trong khng kh. Dung dch
A cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kt ta. Ly ton b kt ta nung trong
khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn c khi lng l
A. 23,0 gam.
B. 32,0 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 48,0 gam.
12. Cho cc cht: CH3NH2, C6H5NH2, (CH3)2NH, (C6H5)2NH v NH3. Trt t tng dn tnh
baz (theo chiu t tri qua phi) ca 5 cht trn l
A. (C6H5)2NH, NH3, (CH3)2NH, C6H5NH2, CH3NH2
B. (C6H5)2NH, C6H5NH2, NH3, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH
C. (C6H5)2NH, NH3, C6H5NH2, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH
D. C6H5NH2, (C6H5)2NH, NH3, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH.
13. Ho tan hon ton 19,2 gam Cu bng dung dch HNO3, ton b lng kh NO thu c
em oxi ho thnh NO2 ri chuyn ht thnh HNO3. Th tch kh oxi (ktc) tham gia
vo qu trnh trn l gi tr no di y?
A. 1,68 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 3,36 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
14. Cho kh CO i qua ng s cha 16 gam Fe2O3 un nng, sau phn ng thu c hn hp
rn X gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Ha tan hon ton X bng H2SO4 c, nng thu c
dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y, lng mui khan thu c l
A. 20 gam.
B. 32 gam.
C. 40 gam.
D. 48 gam.
15. Thu phn C4H6O2 trong mi trng axit thu c hn hp hai cht u c phn ng
trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca C4H6O2 l
A. H3C C O CH CH2
O
B. H C O CH2 CH CH2
O
C. H C O CH CH CH3
O
D. H2C HC C O CH3
O
16. C 4 dung dch khng mu ng trong 4 l mt nhn: NaCl, MgCl2, AlCl3, FeCl2. C th
dng kim loi no di y phn bit 4 dung dch trn (khng c s dng thm
thuc th khc)?
A. Na.
B. Al.
C. Fe.
D. Ag.
17. Trong phng th nghim, kh CO2 c iu ch t CaCO3 v dung dch HCl thng b
ln kh hiro clorua v hi nc. thu c CO2 gn nh tinh khit ngi ta dn hn
hp kh ln lt qua hai bnh ng cc dung dch no trong cc dung dch di y.
A. NaOH, H2SO4 c.
B. NaHCO3, H2SO4 c.
145
D. H2SO4 c, Na2CO3.
C. Na2CO3, NaCl .
18. un nng 0,1 mol cht X vi lng va dung dch NaOH thu c 13,4 gam mui ca
axit hu c a chc B v 9,2 gam ancol n chc D. Cho ton b lng ancol D bay hi
127oC v 600 mmHg s chim th tch 8,32 lt.
Cng thc ca cht X l
A. CH(COOCH3)3
B. H3COOCCH2CH2COOCH3
C. C2H5OOCCOOC2H5
D. C3H5OOCCOOC3H5

dd AgNO3 / NH3
Cl2 , as
NaOH, t
CuO, t
Toluen
X
Y
Z
T
1 :1
o
Bit X, Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c v l nhng sn phm chnh. Cng thc cu to

ng ca T l
A. C6H5COOH.
B. CH3C6H4COONH4.
C. C6H5COONH4.
D. pHOOCC6H4COONH4.
20. Theo nh ngha axit-baz ca Bronstet, cc cht v ion thuc dy no di y l lng

tnh?
A. CO32, CH3COO.
B. ZnO, Al2O3, HSO4, NH4+.
C. NH4+, HCO3, CH3COO.
D. ZnO, Al2O3, HCO3, H2O.
21. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp hai axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip thu c
3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7 gam H2O. S mol ca mi axit ln lt l
A. 0,05 mol v 0,05 mol.
B. 0,045 mol v 0,055 mol.
C. 0,04 mol v 0,06 mol.
D. 0,06 mol v 0,04 mol.
22. Cho cc ion kim loi sau: Fe3+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, H+, Ag+. Chiu tng dn tnh oxi ha ca
cc ion l
A. Zn2+, Fe2+, H+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Ag+.
B. Zn2+, Fe2+, Ni2+, H+, Fe3+, Ag+.
C. Zn2+, Fe2+, Ni2+, H+, Ag+, Fe3+.
D. Fe2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, H+, Fe3+, Ag+.
23. Ho tan 25 gam CuSO4.5H2O vo nc ct c 500ml dung dch A. Gi tr gn ng pH
v nng mol ca dung dch A l
A. pH = 7; [CuSO4] = 0,20M.
B. pH > 7; [CuSO4] = 0,3125M.
C. pH < 7; [CuSO4] = 0,20M.
D. pH > 7; [CuSO4] = 0,20M.
24. T l v s nguyn t ca 2 ng v A v B trong t nhin ca mt nguyn t X l 27 : 23.

Trong ng v A c 35 proton v 44 ntron, ng v B c nhiu hn ng v A l 2
ntron. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca nguyn t X l gi tr no di y?
A. 79,92.
B. 81,86.
C. 80,01.
D. 76,35.
25. Cht hu c X mch h, tn ti dng trans c cng thc phn t C4H8O, X lm mt mu

dung dch Br2 v tc dng vi Na gii phng kh H2. X ng vi cng thc phn t no sau
y?
146
A. CH2=CHCH2CH2OH.
B. CH3CH=CHCH2OH.
C. CH2=C(CH3)CH2OH.
D. CH3CH2CH=CHOH.
26. Khi pha long dung dch CH3COOH 1M thnh dung dch CH3COOH 0,5M th
A. in li tng.
B. in li gim.
C. in li khng i.
D. in li tng 2 ln.
27. Anion X2 c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. Tng s electron lp v ca

X2 l bao nhiu?
A. 18.
B. 16.
C. 9.
D. 20.
28. Cho 7,28 gam kim loi M tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl, sau phn ng thu c
2,912 lt kh H2 27,3oC; 1,1 atm. M l kim loi no di y?
A. Zn.
B. Mg.
C. Fe.
D. Al.
29. Khi t chy polime X ch thu c kh CO2 v hi nc vi t l s mol tng ng l 1 :

1. X l polime no di y?
A. Polipropilen (PP).
B. Tinh bt.
C. Poli(vinyl clorua) (PVC).
D. Polistiren (PS).
30. Ancol X mch h c s nguyn t cacbon bng s nhm chc. Cho 9,3 gam ancol X tc
dng vi Na d thu c 3,36 lt kh. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3OH.
B. CH2OHCHOHCH2OH.
C. CH2OHCH2OH
D. C2H5OH.
31. Trong mt chu k, theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn

A. bn knh nguyn t gim dn, tnh kim loi tng dn.
B. bn knh nguyn t gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn.
C. bn knh nguyn t tng dn, tnh phi kim tng dn.
D. bn knh nguyn t tng dn, tnh phi kim gim dn.
32. t chy hai hirocacbon l ng ng lin tip ca nhau ta thu c 6,3 gam nc v
9,68 gam CO2. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l
A. C2H4 v C3H6.
B. CH4 v C2H6.
C. C2H6 v C3H8.
D. Tt c u sai.
33. Ch dng mt thuc th no di y phn bit c etanal (anehit axetic), propan-2on (axeton) v pent-1-in (pentin-1)?
A. Dung dch brom.
B. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d.
C. Dung dch Na2CO3.
D. H2 (Ni, to).
34. Cho phn ng sau:
FeS + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O
H s cn bng ca H2SO4 trong phng trnh ha hc l

A. 8.
B. 10.
C. 12.
D. 4.
35. Trong cc phng php lm mm nc, phng php ch kh c cng tm thi ca

nc l
A. phng php ha hc (s dng Na2CO3, Na3PO4).
147
B. un nng nc cng.
C. phng php lc.
D. phng php trao i ion.
36. t chy hon ton hn hp hai amin bc mt, mch h, no, n chc, k tip nhau trong
cng dy ng ng thu c CO2 v H2O vi t l s mol nCO2 : n H2O 1: 2 . Hai amin c
cng thc phn t ln lt l
A. CH3NH2 v C2H5NH2.
B. C2H5NH2 v C3H7NH2.
C. C3H7NH2 v C4H9NH2.
D. C4H9NH2 v C5H11NH2.
37. in phn 1 lt dung dch NaCl d vi in cc tr, mng ngn xp ti khi dung dch thu
c c c pH = 12 (coi lng Cl2 tan v tc dng vi H2O khng ng k, th tch dung
dch thay i khng ng k), th th tch kh thot ra anot (ktc) l bao nhiu?
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 0,224 lt.
C. 0,112 lt.
D. 0,336 lt.
38. Khi t chy hon ton mt este X cho nCO2 n H2O . Thy phn hon ton 6,0 gam este X
cn va dung dch cha 0,1 mol NaOH. Cng thc phn t ca este l
A. C2H4O2.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C4H8O2.
D. C5H10O2.
39. un nng 27,40 gam CH3CHBrCH2CH3 vi KOH d trong C2H5OH, sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp kh X gm hai olefin trong sn phm chnh chim
80%, sn phm ph chim 20%. t chy hon ton X thu c bao nhiu lt CO2 (ktc)?
A. 4,48 lt.
B. 8,96 lt.
C. 11,20 lt.
D. 17,92 lt.
40. C bao nhiu ng phn cu to ca amin c cng thc phn t C3H9N?

A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
41. Cho dy chuyn ha sau:

, 170oC
Br2 (dd )
2
4
CH 3CH 2CHOHCH 3
E
F
H SO
Bit E, F l sn phm chnh, cc cht phn ng vi nhau theo t l 1:1 v s mol. Cng
thc cu to ca E v F ln lt l cp cht trong dy no sau y?
A. CH3CH2CH=CH2, CH3CH2CHBrCH2Br.
B. CH3CH=CHCH3, CH3CHBrCHBrCH3.
C. CH3CH=CHCH3, CH3CH2CBr2CH3.
D. CH3CH2CH=CH2, CH2BrCH2CH=CH2.
42. Phn t khi trung bnh ca PVC l 750.000. H s polime ha ca PVC l
A. 12.000.
B. 15.000.
C. 24.000.
D. 25.000.
43. Oxi ho 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc X thu c 3 gam axit tng ng (hiu sut phn
ng bng 100%). X c cng thc cu to no di y?
A. CH3CHO.
B. C2H5CHO.
C. CH3CH(CH3)CHO.
D. CH3CH2CH2CHO.
44. Cho dung dch cha a mol Ca(HCO3)2 vo dung dch cha a mol Ca(HSO4)2. Hin tng
quan st c l
148
A. si bt kh.
B. vn c.
C. si bt kh v vn c.
D. vn c, sau trong tr li.
45. Th tch dung dch HCl 0,3M cn trung ho 100ml dung dch hn hp NaOH 0,1M v
Ba(OH)2 0,1M l
A. 100 ml.
B. 150 ml.
C. 200 ml.
D. 250 ml.
46. Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt SO2 (ktc) bng 0,3 mol NaOH. Khi lng mui khan thu
c l
A. 20,8 gam.
B. 23,0 gam.
C. 31,2 gam.
D. 18,9 gam.
47. Kh hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 cn 2,24 lt CO ( ktc). Khi
lng st thu c l
A. 5,6 gam.
B. 6,72 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 11,2 gam.
48. Cho hn hp X gm hai anehit l ng ng k tip tc dng ht vi H2 d (Ni, to) thu

c hn hp hai ancol n chc. t chy hon ton hn hp hai ancol ny thu c 11
gam CO2 v 6,3 gam H2O. Cng thc ca hai anehit l
A. C2H3CHO, C3H5CHO.
B. C2H5CHO, C3H7CHO.
C. C3H5CHO, C4H7CHO.
D. CH3CHO, C2H5CHO.
49. Etilen c ln cc tp cht SO2, CO2, hi nc. C th loi b tp cht bng cch no di
y?
A. Dn hn hp i qua bnh ng dung dch brom d.
B. Dn hn hp qua bnh ng dung dch natri clorua d.
C. Dn hn hp ln lt qua bnh ng dung dch NaOH d v bnh ng CaO.
D. Dn hn hp ln lt qua bnh ng dung dch brom d v bnh ng dung dch
H2SO4 c.
50. Cho 2,84 gam hn hp X gm hai ancol n chc, l ng ng k tip nhau tc dng va
vi Na to ra 4,6 gam cht rn v V lt kh H2 (ktc). V c gi tr l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 1,12 lt.
C. 1,792 lt.
D. 0,896 lt.
S 13
1. Trong mt cc nc c cha a mol Ca2+, b mol Mg2+, c mol Cl, d mol HCO3. Biu thc
lin h gia a, b, c, d l
149
A. a + b = c + d.
B. 3a + 3b = c + d.
C. 2a + 2b = c + d.
D.
1
(a b) = c + d.
2
2. Cho cc ion v nguyn t: Ne (Z=10), Na+ (Z=11), F (Z=9) c c im no sau y l

chung
A. s khi.
B. s proton.
C. s electron.
D. s ntron.
3. Dung dch dm n thng l

A. Dung dch axit axetic 0, 1% n 0, 3%.
B. Dung dch axitmetanoic 2% n 4%.
C. Dung dch axit acrylic 2% n 3%.
D. Dung dch axit etanoic 2% n 5%.
4. A, B l cc kim loi hot ng ha tr (II), thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon.
Ha tan hn hp gm 23, 5 gam mui ccbonat ca A v 8, 4 gam mui cacbonat ca B
bng dung dch HCl d sau c cn v in phn nng chy hon ton th thu c 11,8
gam hn hp kim loi catot v V lt kh anot. Hai kim loi A, B l
A. Be v Mg.
B. Mg v Ca.
C. Sr v Ba.
D. Ba v Ra.
5. Hy sp xp cc cp xi ha kh sau y theo th t tng dn tnh oxi ha ca cc ion kim

loi:
(1): Fe2+/Fe; (2): Pb2+ /Pb; (3): 2H+/ H2; (4): Ag+/Ag;
(5): Na+/Na; (6): Fe3+/Fe2+; (7): Cu2+/Cu.
A. (5) < (1) < (2) < (3) < (7) < (6) < (4).
B. (4) < (6) < (7) < (3) < (2) < (1) < (5).
C. (5) < (1) < (6) < (2) < (3) < (4) < (7).
D. (5) < (1) < (2) < (6) < (3) < (7) < (4).
6. Mt anehit c cng thc thc nghim l (C4H4O3)n. Cng thc phn t ca anehit l
A. C2H2O3.
B. C4H4O3.
C. C8H8O6.
D. C12H12O9.
7. Cho s chuyn ha sau:

A + HCl B + D
B + Cl2 F
E + NaOH H + NaNO3
A + HNO3 E + NO + D
B + NaOH G + NaCl
G + I + D H
Cc cht A, G, H l
A. CuO, CuOH v Cu(OH)2.
B. FeO, Fe(OH)2 v Fe(OH)3.
C. PbO, PbCl2 v Pb(OH)4.
D. Cu, Cu(OH)2 v CuOH.
8. Khi cho 17, 4 gam hp kim Y gm st, ng, nhm phn ng ht vi H2SO4 long d ta
thu c dung dch A; 6, 4 gam cht rn; 9, 856 lt kh B 27, 3C v 1 atm. Phn trm
khi lng mi kim loi trong hp kim Y l
A. Al 30%, Fe 50% v Cu 20%.
150
B. Al 30%, Fe 32% v Cu 38%.

C. Al : 31,03%, Fe 32,18% v Cu 36,78%.
D. Al 25%, Fe 50% v Cu 25%.
9. Cho hn hp Y gm 2,8 gam Fe v 0,81 gam Al vo 200 ml dung dch C cha AgNO3 v
Cu(NO3)2. Khi phn ng kt thc, thu c dung dch D v 8,12 gam cht rn E gm 3
kim loi. Cho bit cht rn E tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th thu c 0,672 lt kh H2
ktc. Nng mol ca AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 trong dung dch C l
A. 0,075M v 0,0125M.
B. 0,3M v 0,5M.
C. 0,15M v 0,25M.
D. kt qu khc.
10. C 100 ml dung dch hn hp 2 axit H2SO4 v HCl c nng tng ng l 0,8M
v1,2M. Thm vo 10 gam bt hn hp Fe, Mg, Zn. Sau phn ng xong, ly 1/2 lng
kh sinh ra cho i qua ng s ng a gam CuO nung nng. Sau phn ng xong hon ton,
trong ng cn li 14,08 gam cht rn. Khi lng a l
A. 14,2 gam.
B. 16,32 gam.
C. 15,2 gam.
D. 25,2 gam.
11. Nguyn t X thuc chu k 4 nhm VI, phn nhm ph c cu hnh e l

A. 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p4.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24d4.
D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1.
12. Cho bit sn phm chnh ca phn ng kh nc ca (CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH3?

A. 2-metylbuten-1.
B. 3-metyl buten-1.
C. 2-metylbuten-2.
D. 3-metyl buten-2.
13. Cho bit s ng phn no ca ru no, n chc t C3 n C5 khi tch nc khng to ra

cc anken ng phn:
A. C3H7OH : 2 ng phn; C4H9OH : 3 ng phn; C5H11OH : 3 ng phn.
B. C3H7OH : 1 ng phn; C4H9OH : 4 ng phn; C5H11OH : 4 ng phn.
C. C3H7OH : 3 ng phn; C4H9OH : 4 ng phn; C5H11OH : 3 ng phn.
D. C3H7OH : 2 ng phn; C4H9OH : 3 ng phn; C5H11OH : 4 ng phn.
14. Trong dy ng ng ca ru n chc no, khi mch cacbon tng, ni chung
A. si tng, kh nng tan trong nc tng.
B. si tng, kh nng tan trong nc gim.
C. si gim, kh nng tan trong nc tng.
D. si gim, kh nng tan trong nc gim.
15. Hy sp xp cc cht sau y theo trt t tng dn tnh baz: p-X-C6H5-NH2 (cc dn xut
ca anilin) vi X l (I)NO2, (II)CH3, (III)CH=O, (IV)H.
A. I < II < III < IV.
B. II < III < IV < I.
C. I < III < IV < II.
D. IV < III < I < II.
16. Nhit phn 1,88 gam Cu(NO3)2 ri hp th ton b lng kh sinh ra bng H2O thu c 2
lt dung dchA. Tip tc thm vo 100 ml dung dch X : 0,023 gam Na c dung dch B.
pH ca dung dch A v B ln lt l
151
A. 7-12,7.
B. 2-7.
C. 3-11.
D. 2,2-12.
17. Xt cc loi hp cht hu c mch h sau: Ru n chc, no (A); anehit n chc, no

(B); ru n chc khng no 1 ni i (C), anehit n chc, khng no 1 ni i (D).
ng vi cng thc tng qut CnH2nO ch c 2 cht sau:
A. A, B.
B. B, C.
C. C, D.
D. A, D.
18. t chy mt hn hp cc cht thuc dy ng ng anehit thu c s mol CO2 bng

s mol H2O th l dy ng ng
A. Anehit n chc no, mch h.
B. Anehit vng no.
C. Anehit hai chc no.
D. Anehit khng no n chc 1 lin kt i.
19. Hp cht hu c X khi un nh vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) thu c sn phm Y, Y
tc dng vi dung dch HCl cho kh v c A, vi dung dch NaOH ho kh v c B. X l
A. HCHO.
B. HCOOH.
C. HCOONH4.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
20. Cho 13,6 gam mt hp cht hu c X (C,H,O) tc dng va vi 300 ml dung dch
AgNO3 2M trong NH4OH thu c 43,2 gam bc. Bit t khi hi ca X i vi oxi bng
2,125. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X.
A. CH3CH2CHO.
B. CH2=CHCH2CHO.
C. HCCCH2CHO.
D. HCCCHO.
21. B tc phn ng sau:

FeO + H+ + SO42 SO2 +
A. FeSO4 + H2O.
B. Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O.
C. FeSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O.
D. Fe3+ + H2O.
22. Phn ng gia dung dch Kali pemanganat trong mi trng axit vi ion iodua c biu
din bng phng trnh no di y?
A. 2MnO4 + 5I +16H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2
B. MnO4 + 10I +2H+ Mn2+ + H2O + 5I2 + 11e
C. 2MnO4 + 10I- +16H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2
D. MnO4 + 2I +8H+ Mn2+ + 4H2O + I2
23. Sp xp cc cht sau y theo trnh t gim dn nhit si:
CH3COOH (1), HCOOCH3 (2), CH3CH2COOH (3),
CH3COOCH3 (4), CH3CH2CH2OH (5).
A. (3) > (5) > (1) > (2) > (4).
B. (1) > (3) > (4) > (5) > (2).
C. (3) > (1) > (4) > (5) > (2).
D. (3) > (1) > (5) > (4) > (2).
24. C 4 l ng 4 dung dch mt nhn l AlCl3, NaNO3, K2CO3, NH4NO3. Nu ch c

php dng mt dung dch mt cht lm thuc th nhn bit th c th chn
A. dd NaOH.
152
B. dd H2SO4.
C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. dd AgNO3.
25. Hai cht A v B cng c CTPT C9H8O2, cng l dn xut ca benzen, u lm mt mu

dung dch nc Br2. A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH cho 1 mui v 1 anehit, B tc dng
vi dung dch NaOH cho 2 mui v nc. Cc mui sinh ra u c khi lng phn t ln
hn M ca CH3COONa. A v B tng ng l
A. CH2=CHCOOC6H5 ; HCOOC6H4CH=CH2.
B. C6H5COOCH=CH2 ; CH2=CHCOOC6H5.
C. HCOOCH=CHC6H5 ; HCOOC6H4CH=CH2.
D. C6H5COOCH=CH2 ; HCOOC6H4CH = CH2.
26. Hn hp X gm 0,01 mol HCOONa v a mol mui natri ca hai axit no n chc l ng
ng k tip. t chy hn hp X v cho sn phm (CO2, H2O)ln lt qua bnh 1 ng
H2SO4c, bnh 2 ng KOH d, thy khi lng bnh 2 tng nhiu hn bnh 1 nhiu hn
bnh mt l 3,51 gam. Phn cht rn Y cn li sau khi t l Na2CO3 cn nng 2,65 gam.
Cng thc phn t ca hai mui natri l
A. CH3COONa, C2H5COONa.
B. C3H7COONa, C4H9COONa.
C. C2H5COONa, C3H7COONa.
D. kt qu khc.
27. T bo quang in c ch to t kim loi no trong cc kim loi sau:

A. Na.
B. Ca.
C. Cs.
D. Li.
28. Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 vi xc tc axit v c long, thu c 2
sn phm hu c X, Y(ch cha nguyn t C, H, O). T X c th diu ch trc tip ra Y
bng mt phn ng duy nht. Cht X l
A. axit axetic.
B. Ru etylic. C. Etyl axetat.
D. Axit fomic.
29. C 2 hp cht hu c X, Y cha cc nguyn t C, H, O khi lng phn t u bng 74.

Bit X tc dng c vi Na, c X, Y u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3. Vy X, Y c th l
A. C4H9OH v HCOOC2H5.
B. CH3COOCH3 v HOC2H4CHO.
C. OHCCOOH v C2H5COOH. D. OHCCOOH v HCOOC2H5.

30. Cht no khng phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2:
A. CH3COOH.
B. HOCH2CH2OH.
C. HOCH2CH2CH2OH.
D. CH3CHO.

1. C3H4O2 + NaOH (A) + (B)
2. (A) + H2SO4 long (C) + (D)
3. (C) + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O (E) + Ag +NH4NO3
4. (B) + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O (F) + Ag +NH4NO3
Cc cht (B) v (C) theo th t c th l
A. CH3CHO v HCOONa.
B. CH3CHO v HCOOH.
C. HCHO v HCOOH.
D. HCHO v CH3CHO.
32. Hon thnh s phn ng sau:

CH2 = CH2 + KMnO4 + H2O
153
A. C2H4(OH)2 + MnO2 + KOH.
B. CH3CHO + MnO2 + KOH.
C. CH3COOK + MnO2 + KOH.
D. C2H5OH + MnO2 + KOH.
33. So snh nhit si ca cc cht sau: Ru etylic (1), etylclorua (2), etan(3), axit axetic
(4)
A. (1) > (2) > (3) > (4).
B. (4) > (3) > (2) > (1).
C. (4) > (1) > (2) > (3).
D. (1) > (2) > (3) > (4).
34. Cho cc dung dch:

X1: dung dch HCl,
X2: dung dch KNO3,
X3: dung dch HCl + KNO3,
X4: dung dch Fe2(SO4)3.
Dung dch no c th ha tan c bt Cu?

A. X1, X4, X2.
B. X3, X4.
C. X1, X2, X3, X4.
D. X3, X2.
35. Crckinh 5,8 gam C4H10 thu c hn hp sn phm X gm H2 v 6 hirocacbon. t

chy 1/2 hn hp X th lng H2O thu c l
A. 13, 5 gam.
B. 9 gam.
C. 6,3 gam.
D. 4,5 gam.
36. Theo nh ngha v axit-baz cc nhm phn t sau y c xc nh ng:

A. Nhm phn t NH4+, SO42, NO3 c tnh axit.
B. Nhm phn t HCO3, S2, Al3+ c tnh baz.
C. Nhm phn t HCO3, Cl, K+ c tnh trung tnh.
D. Nhm phn t HCO3, H2O, HS, Al(OH)3 c tnh lng tnh.
37. Ngi ta c th dng thuc th theo th t nh th no d nhn bit 3 kh : N2, SO2, CO2?
A. Ch dng dung dch Ca(OH)2.
B. Dng dung dch nc vi trong sau dng dung dch KMnO4.
C. Dng dung dch Br2 sau dng dung dch NaHCO3.
D. C B v C.
38. Cho Fe c Z = 26. Hi Fe2+ c cu hnh nh th no?
A. 1s22s22p63s23p63d44s2.
B. 1s22s22p43s23p63d6.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1.
D. p n khc.
39. A l mt este to bi ankanol v mt axit n chc, khng no mch h cha mt lin kt

i. Cng thc phn t tng qut ca A phi l
A. CxH2x-4O2 (x4).
B. CxH2x-2O2 (x4).
C. CxH2xO2(x4).
D. CxH2x-4O2 (x3).
40. Hp cht A n chc c cng thc phn t l C4H8O2. S ng phn ca A l

A. 5.
B. 7.
C. 4.
D. 6.
41. Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0,1M; HCl 0,2 M; HNO3 0,3M vi th tch bng nhau c
dung dch A. Cho 300 ml dung dch A tc dng vi V ml dung dch B cha NaOH 0,2 M
v Ba(OH)2 0,1M c dung dch C c pH=1. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,24 lt.
154
B. 0,08 lt.
C. 0,16 lt.
D. 0,32 lt.
42. t chy hon ton 2,22 gam mt hp cht hu c X thu c 5,28 gam CO2 v 2,7 gam
H2O. X phn ng c vi Na, khng phn ng vi dung dch NaOH. Tm Cng thc
phn t ca X v cho bit tt c cc ng phn cng nhm chc v khc nhm chc ca X
ng vi cng thc trn?
A. C3H8O, c 4 ng phn.
B. C4H10O v 6 ng phn.
C. C2H4(OH)2, khng c ng phn.
D. C4H10O c 7 ng phn.
43. Hon thnh phng trnh phn ng h hc sau:
SO2 + KMnO4 + H2O
Sn phm l
A. K2SO4, MnSO4.
B. MnSO4, KHSO4.
C. MnSO4, KHSO4, H2SO4.
D. MnSO4, K2SO4, H2SO4.
44. Cho 1,365 gam mt kim loi kim M tan hon ton vo nc thu c mt dung dch ln
hn khi lng nc ban u l 1,33 gam. Kim loi M dng l
A. Na.
B. K.
C. Cs.
D. Rb.
45. Ha tan hon ton 2,175 gam hn hp 3 kim loi Zn, Mg, Fe vo dung dch HCl d thy
thot ra 1,344 lt H2 (ktc). Khi c cn dung dch ta thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 6,555.
B. 6,435.
C. 4,305.
D. 4,365.
46. trung ha 200 ml dung dch aminoaxit M 0,5M cn 100 gam dung dch NaOH 8%, c
cn dung dch sau phn ng c 16, 3 gam mui khan. M c cng thc cu to l
A. H2NCH2COOH.
B. H2NCH(COOH)2.
C. H2NCH2CH(COOH)2.
D. (H2N)2CHCOOH.
47. Cho dung dch cha cc ion sau (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+, H+, Cl). Mun tch c nhiu
cation ra khi dung dch m khng a ion l vo dung dch, ta c th cho dung dch tc
dng vi cht no trong cc dung dch sau:
A. Dung dch KHCO3 va .
B. Dung dch Na2SO4 va .
C. Dung dch NaOH va .
D. Dung dch Na2CO3 va .
48. Hp cht hu c C4H7O2Cl khi thy phn trong mi trng kim c cc sn phm trong
c hai cht c kh nng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ng l
A. HCOOCH2CHClCH3.
B. CH3COOCH2Cl.
C. C2H5COOCHClCH3.
D. HCOOCHClCH2CH3.
49. Trong qu trnh in phn, cc ion m di chuyn v

A. cc m v b in cc kh.
B. cc dng v b in cc kh.
C. cc dng v b in cc oxi ha.
D. cc m v b in cc oxi ha.
50. Cho 2, 24 lt CO2 vo 20 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 6 gam kt ta. Nng ca
dung dch Ca(OH)2 dng l
A. 0,003M.
B. 0,0035M.
C. 0,004M.
D. 0,003M hoc 0,004M.
S 14
155
1. Trong mt cc nc cha a mol Ca2+, b mol Mg2+, c mol Cl v d mol HCO3. Biu thc
lin h gia a, b, c, d l
A. a + b = c + d.
B. 3a + 3b = c + d.
C. 2a + 2b = c + d.
D.
1
(a + b) = c + d.
2
2. Trong mt cc nc cha a mol Ca2+, b mol Mg2+, c mol Cl v d mol HCO3. Nu ch

dng nc vi trong nng p mol/l lm gim cng trong cc, th ngi ta thy khi
cho V lt nc vi trong vo, cng ca nc trong bnh l b nht, bit c = d. Biu thc
lin h gia a, b v p l
A. V = (b + a)/2p.
B. V = (2a + b)/p.
C. V = (3a + 2b)/2p.
D. V = (2b + a)/p.
3. Phng php no sau y dng iu ch kim loi kim?

A. in phn dung dch mui clorua / mng ngn xp.
B. in phn nng chy mui clorua.
C. in phn nng chy Hiroxit ca kim loi kim.
D. C hai p n B, C u ng.
4. A, B l cc kim loi hot ng ha tr II, thuc 2 chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon.
Ha tan hn hp gm 23,5 gam cacbonat ca A v 8,4 gam mui cacbonat ca B bng
dung dch HCl d c cn v in phn nng chy hon ton cc mui th thu c 11,8
gam hn hp kim loi catot v V lt khi anot. Hai kim loi A v B l
A. Be v Mg.
B. Mg v Ca.
C. Sr v Ba.
D. Ba v Ra.
5. Hy sp xp cc cp oxi ha kh sau y theo th t tng dn tnh oxi ha ca cc ion kim

loi:
(1): Fe2+/Fe; (2): Pb2+/Pb; (3): 2H+/H2; (4): Ag+/Ag;
(5): Na+/Na; (6): Fe3+/Fe2+; (7): Cu2+/Cu.
A. (5) < (1) < (2) < (3) < (7) < (6) < (4).
B. (4) < (6) < (7) < (3) < (2) < (1) < (5).
C. (5) < (1) < (6) < (2) < (3) < (4) < (7).
D. (5) < (1) < (2) < (6) < (3) < (7) < (4).
6. So snh tnh axit ca cc cht sau y:
CH2ClCH2COOH (1), CH3COOH (2),
CH3CH2COOH (3), CH3CHClCOOH (4)
A. (3) > (2) > (1 ) > (4).
B. (4) > (1 ) > (2) > (3).
C. (4) > (1) > (3) > (2).
D. (1 ) > (4) > (3) > (2).

A + HCl B + D
B + Cl2 F
E + NaOH H + NaNO3
A + HNO3 E + NO + D
B + NaOH G + NaCl
G + I + D H
Cc cht A, G v H l
A. CuO, CuOH v Cu(OH)2.
156
B. FeO, FeCl2 v Fe(OH)3.
C. PbO, PbCl2 v Pb(OH)4.
D. Cu, Cu(OH)2 v CuOH.
8. Khi cho 17,4 gam hp kim Y gm st, ng, nhm phn ng ht vi H2SO4 long d ta
c dung dch A; 6,4 gam cht rn; 9,856 lt kh B 27,3oC v 1atm. Phn trm khi
lng mi kim loi trong hp kim Y l
A. Al: 30%; Fe: 50% v Cu: 20%.
B. Al: 30%; Fe: 32% v Cu: 38%
C. Al: 31,03%; Fe: 32,18% v Cu: 36,78%.
D. Al: 25%; Fe: 50% v Cu: 25%.
9. Cho hn hp Y gm 2,8 gam Fe v 0,81 gam Al vo 200ml dung dch C cha AgNO3 v
Cu(NO3)2. Khi phn ng kt thc, thu c dung dch D v 8,12 gam cht rn E gm 3
kim loi. Cho cht rn E tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th thu c 0,672 lt kh H2
(ktc). Nng mol ca AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 trong dung dch C l
A. 0,075M v 0,0125M.
B. 0,3M v 0,5M.
C. 0,15M v 0,25M.
D. 0,2M v 0,6M.
10. ha tan hon ton 10 gam bt hn hp Fe, Mg, Zn cn 100 ml dung dch hn hp 2
axit H2SO4 v HCl c nng tng ng l 0,8M v 1,2M. Sau khi phn ng xong, ly
1/2 lng kh sinh ra cho i qua ng s ng a gam CuO nung nng. Sau khi phn ng kt
thc trong ng cn li 14,08 gam cht rn. Khi lng a l
A. 14,20 gam.
B. 15,20 gam.
C. 15,36 gam.
D. 25,20 gam.
11. Nguyn t X thuc chu k 3 nhm IV. Cu hnh electron ca X l

A. 1s22s22p63s23p4.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p2.
C. 1s22s22p63s23d2.
D. 1s22s22p63s23d4.
12. Cho bit sn phm chnh ca phn ng kh nc ca (CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH3?

A. 2-metyl buten-1
B. 3-metyl buten-1.
C. 2-metyl buten-2.
D. 3-metyl buten-2.
13. Cho bit s ng phn no ca ru no, n chc t C3 n C5 khi tch nc khng to ra

cc anken ng phn?
A. C3H7OH: 2 ng phn; C4H9OH: 3 ng phn; C5H11OH: 3 ng phn.
B. C3H7OH: 1 ng phn; C4H9OH: 4 ng phn; C5H11OH: 4 ng phn.
C. C3H7OH: 3 ng phn; C4H9OH: 4 ng phn; C5H11OH: 3 ng phn.
D. C3H7OH: 2 ng phn; C4H9OH: 3 ng phn; C5H11OH: 4 ng phn
14. Trong dy ng ng ru n chc no, khi mch cacbon tng, ni chung
A. si tng, kh nng tan trong nc tng.
B. si tng, kh nng tan trong nc gim
C. si gim, kh nng tan trong nc tng.
D. si gim, kh nng tan trong nc gim.
15. Hy sp xp cc cht sau y theo trt t tng dn tnh baz: NH3, CH3NH2, C6H5NH2;
(CH3)2NH v (C6H5)2NH
A. (C6H5)2NH < NH3 < C6H5NH2 < (CH3)2NH < CH3NH.
B. (C6H5)2NH < C6H5NH2 < NH3 < CH3NH2 < (CH3)2NH.
157
C. (CH3)2NH < CH3NH2 < NH3 < C6H5NH2 < (C6H5)2NH.

D. (CH3)2NH > CH3NH2 > NH3 < C6H5NH2 > (C6H5)2NH.
16. Nhit phn 1,88 gam Cu(NO3)2 ri hp th ton b lng kh sinh ra bng H2O c 2 lt
dung dch A. pH ca dung dch A l
A. 7.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 2,2.
17. Xt cc loi hp cht hu c mch h sau: Ru n chc, no (A); anehit n chc, no

(B); ru n chc, khng no 1 ni i (C); anehit n chc, khng no 1 ni i (D).
ng vi cng thc tng qut CnH2nO ch c 2 cht sau:
A. A, B.
B. B, C.
C. C, D.
D. A, D.
18. t chy mt hn hp cc cht thuc dy ng ng anehit ta thu c s mol CO2 =

s mol H2O th l dy ng ng
A. anehit non chc mch h.
B. anehit vng no.
C. anehit hai chc no.
D. Anehit khng no n chc cha 1 lin kt i.
19. Hp cht hu c X khi un nh vi dung dch AgNO3 / NH3 (dng d) thu c sn phm
Y, Y tc dng vi dung dch HCl kh v c A, Y tc dng vi dung dch NaOH cho kh v
c B. X l
A. HCHO.
B. HCOOH.
C. HCOONH4.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
20. Cho 13,6 gam mt cht hu c X (C, H, O) tc dng va vi 300 ml dung dch AgNO 3
2M trong NH4OH thu c 43,2 gam bc. Bit t khi hi ca X i vi oxi bng 2,125.
Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X.
A. CH3CH2CHO.
B. CH2=CHCH2CHO.
C. HCCCH2CHO.
D. HCCCHO.
21. B tc phn ng sau:

FeO + H+ + SO42 SO2 + ...
A. FeSO4 + H2O
B. Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O.
C. FeSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O
D. Fe3+ + H2O
22. Phn ng gia dung dch kali pemanganat trong mi trng axit vi ion iodua c biu
din bng phng trnh no di y?
A. 2MnO4 + 5I + 16H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2
B. MnO4 + 10I + 2H+ Mn2+ + H2O + 5I2 + 11e
C. 2MnO4 + 10I + 16H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2
D. MnO4 + 2I + 8H+ Mn2+ + 4H2O + I2
23. Sp xp cc cht sau y theo trnh t tng dn nhit si: CH3COOH (1), HCOOCH3
(2), CH3CH2COOH (3), CH3COOCH3 (4), CH3CH2CH2OH (5)
158
A. (3) > (5) > (1 ) > (2) > (4).
B. (1 ) > (3) > (4) > (5) > (2).
C. (3) > (1) > (4) > (5) > (2).
D. (3) > (1) > (5) > (4) > (2).
24. Sp xp cc hiroxit theo chiu tng dn tnh baz:

A. NaOH, KOH, Mg(OH)2, Be(OH)2.
B. Mg(OH)2, NaOH, KOH, Be(OH)2.
C. Mg(OH)2, Be(OH)2, KOH, NaOH.
D. Be(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, NaOH, KOH.
25. Cht va tc dng c vi Na, NaOH l
A. CH3CH2OH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HCOOCH3.
D. HOCH2CH2CH=O
26. Hn hp X gm 0,01 mol HCOONa v a mol mui natri ca hai axit no n chc l ng
ng lin tip. t chy hn hp X v cho sn phm chy (CO2, hi nc) ln lt qua
bnh 1 ng H2SO4 c bnh 2 ng KOH thy khi lng bnh 2 tng nhiu hn bnh
mt l 3,51 gam. Phn cht rn Y cn li sau khi t l Na2CO3 cn nng 2,65 gam. Xc
nh cng thc phn t ca hai mui natri.
A. CH3COONa v C2H5COONa. B. C3H7COONa v C4H9COONa.
C. C2H5COONa v C3H7COONa. D. Kt qu khc.
27. T bo quang in c ch to t kim loi no trong cc kim loi sau:
A. Na.
B. Ca.
C. Cs.
D. Li.
28. Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 vi xc tc axit v c long, thu c hai
sn phm hu c X, Y (ch cha cc nguyn t C, H, O). T X c th iu ch trc tip ra
Y bng mt phn ng duy nht. Cht X l
A. axit axetic. B. ru etylic.
C. etyl axetat.
D. axit fomic.
29. C 2 hp cht hu c (X), (Y) cha cc nguyn t C, H, O, khi lng phn t u bng
74. Bit (X) tc dng c vi Na, c (X), (Y) u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v
dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3. Vy X, Y c th l
B. CH3COOCH3 v HOC2H4CHO.
C. OHCCOOH v C2H5COOH. D. OHCCOOH v HCOOC2H5.

30. Cht no khng phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2?
A. CH3COOH.
B. HOCH2CH2OH.
C. HOCH2CH2CH2OH.
D. CH3CH=O.
31. Cho s chuyn ho sau:

1). C3H4O2 + NaOH (A) + (B)
2). (A) + H2SO4 long (C) + (D)
3). (C) + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O (E) + Ag + NH4NO3
4). (B) + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O (F) + Ag + NH4NO3
Cc cht B v C (theo th t) c th l
A. CH3CHO v HCOONa.
B. CH3CHO v HCOOH.
C. HCHO v HCOOH.
D. HCHO v CH3CHO.
32. Cho phn ng sau:

159
CH2=CH2 + KMnO4 + H2O

Cc cht sinh ra sau phn ng l
A. C2H4(OH)2, MnSO4, K2SO4, H2O.
B. CH3CHO, MnSO4, K2SO4, H2O.
C. CH3COOH, MnO, K2SO4, H2O.
D. CH3COOH, MnSO4, K2SO4, H2O
33. So snh nhit si ca cc cht sau: ru etylic (1), etyl clorua(2), etan (3) v axit axetic
(4).
A. (1 ) > (2) > (3) > (4).
B. (4) > (3) > (2) > (1).
C. (4) > (1) > (2) > (3).
D. (1) > (2) > (3) > (4).
34. Cho cc dung dch X1: dung dch HCl; X2: dung dch KNO3; X3: dung dch HCl + KNO3;
X4: dung dch Fe2(SO4)3. Dung dch no c th ho tan c bt Cu?
A. X1, X4, X2.
B. X3, X4.
C. X1, X2, X3, X4.
D. X3, X2.
35. Crckinh 5,8 gam C4H10 thu c hn hp sn phm X gm H2 v 6 hirocacbon. t chy

1/2 hn hp X th lng H2O thu c l
A. 13,5 gam.
B. 9 gam.
C. 6,3 gam.
D. 4,5 gam.
36. Theo nh ngha mi v axit-baz, nhm phn t no sau y c xc nh ng?

A. Nhm phn t NH4+, SO42, NO3 c tnh axit.
B. Nhm phn t HCO3, S2, Al3+ c tnh baz.
C. Nhm phn t HCO3, Cl, K+ c tnh trung tnh.
D. Nhm phn t HCO3, H2O, HS, Al(OH)3 c tnh lng tnh.
37. Ngi ta c th dng thuc th theo th t nh th no nhn bit 3 kh N2, SO2, CO2?
A. Ch dng dung dch Ca(OH)2.
B. Dng dung dch nc vi trong sau dng dung dch KMnO4.
C. Dng dung dch Br2 sau dng dung dch Na2CO3.
D. C B v C.
38. Cho Fe c Z=26, hi Fe2+ c cu hnh nh th no?
A. 1s22s22p63s23p63d44s2.
B. 1s22s22p43s23p63d6.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1.
D. p n khc.
39. A l este to bi mt ankanol v mt axit khng no mch h, n chc, ch cha mt lin

kt i. Cng thc phn t tng qut ca A phi l
A. CxH2x4O2 (x4).
B. CxH2x2O2 (x4).
C. CxH2xO2 (x4).
D. CxH2x4O2 (x3).
40. Hp cht A n chc c cng thc phn t l C4H8O2. S ng phn ca A l

A. 5.
160
B. 7.
C. 4.
D. 6.
41. Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0.1M; HCl 0,2M; HNO3 0,3M vi th tch bng nhau c dung
dch A. Cho 300 ml dung dch A tc dng vi V ml dung dch B cha NaOH 0,2M v
Ba(OH)20,1M c dung dch C c pH =1. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,24 lt.
B. 0,08 lt.
C. 0,16 lt.
D. 0,32 lt.
42. t chy hon ton 2,22 gam mt hp cht hu c X thu c 5,28 gam CO2 v 2,7 gam
H2O. X phn ng vi Na, khng phn ng vi dung dch NaOH. Tm cng thc phn t
ca A v cho bit tt c cc ng phn cng nhm chc v khc nhm chc ca A ng vi
cng thc phn t trn?
A. C3H8O c 4 ng phn.
B. C2H5OH c 2 ng phn.
C. C2H4(OH)2 khng c ng phn.
D. C4H10O c 7 ng phn.
43. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc sau:
SO2 + KMnO4 + H2O ...
Sn phm l
A. K2SO4, MnSO4.
B. MnSO4, KHSO4.
C. MnSO4, KHSO4, H2SO4.
D. MnSO4, K2SO4, H2SO4.
44. Cho 1,365 gam mt kim loi kim X tan hon ton vo nc thu c mt dung dch ln
hn khi lng nc ban u l 1,33 gam. Kim loi M dng l
A. Na.
B. K.
C. Cs.
D. Rb.
45. Ho tan hon ton 2,175 gam hn hp 3 kim loi Zn, Mg, Fe vo dung dch HCl d thy
thot ra 1,344 lt H2 (ktc). Khi c cn dung dch ta thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
Chn p s ng.
A. 6,555.
B. 6,435.
C. 4,305.
D. 4,365.
46. trung ho 200 ml dung dch aminoaxit X nng 0,5M cn 100 gam dung dch NaOH
8%, c cn dung dch sau phn ng c 16,3 gam mui khan. X c cng thc cu to:
A. H2NCH2COOH.
B. H2NCH(COOH)2.
C. H2NCH2CH(COOH)2.
D. (H2N)2CHCOOH.
47. Cho dung dch cha cc ion sau (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+, H+, Cl). Mun tch c nhiu
cation ra khi dung dch m khng a ion l vo dung dch, ta c th cho dung dch tc
dng vi cht no trong cc cht sau?
A. Dung dch KHCO3 va .
B. Dung dch Na2SO4 va .
C. Dung ch NaOH va .
D. Dung dch Na2CO3 va .
48. Hp cht hu c C4H7O2Cl khi thy phn trong mi trng kim c cc sn phm trong
c hai cht c kh nng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ng l
A. HCOOCH2CHClCH3.
B. CH3COOCH2Cl.
C. C2H5COOCHClCH3.
D. HCOOCHClCH2CH3.
49. Trong qu trnh in phn, cc ion m di chuyn v

A. cc m v b in cc kh.
B. cc dng v b in cc kh.
C. cc dng v b in cc oxi ho. D. Cc m v b in cc oxi ho.

161
50. Cho 2,24 lt CO2 ktc vo 20 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 6 gam kt ta. Nng ca
dung dch Ca(OH)2 dng l
A. 0,003M.
B. 0,0035M.
C. 0,004M.
D. 0,003M hoc 0,004M.
S 15
1. Nguyn t X thuc chu k 3, nhm IV c cu hnh l
A.1s22s22p63s23p4.
B.1s22s22p63s23p2.
C.1s22s22p63s23d2.
D.1s22s22p63s23p3.
2. Trong bng tun hon nhm nguyn t c m in ln nht l

A. nhm VII, PNC (halogen).
B. nhm VI, PNC.
B. nhm I, PNC (kim loa kim). D. nhm VIII, PNC (nhm kh tr).
3. Sp xp cc baz theo th t tnh baz tng dn:
A. NaOH < Mg (OH)2 < KOH.
B. KOH < NaOH < Mg(OH)2.
C. Mg(OH)2 < NaOH < KOH.
D. Mg(OH)2 < KOH < NaOH.
4. Trong cc hp cht sau, hp cht no l hp cht cng ha tr: BaCl2, Na2O, HCl, H2O:
A. ch c H2O.
B. HCl, H2O.
C. Na2O, H2O.
D. ch c BaCl2.
5. Sp xp cc cht sau: H2, C2H4, H2O theo th t nhit si tng dn.

A. H2O < H2 < C2H4.
B. C2H4 < H2 < H2O.
C. H2 < C2H4 < H2O.
D. H2 < H2O < C2H4.
6. Dung dch no trong s cc dung dch sau c pH = 7:

Fe2(SO4)3, KNO3, NaHCO3, Ba(NO3)2
A. c 4 dung dch.
B. Fe2(SO4)3.
C. KNO3.
D. KNO3, Ba(NO3)2.
7. Nh mt git qu tm vo dung dch cc mui sau:

(NH4)2SO4, Na2CO3, KNO3, Al2(SO4)3
dung dch no s c mu xanh?
A. (NH4)2SO4, Al2(SO4)3.
B. Na2CO3.
C. KNO3.
D. Na2CO3, KNO3.
8. Cho hp th ht 2,24 lt NO2 (ktc) vo 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Thm tip vi git
qu tm th dung dch c mu g?
A. Khng mu. B. Xanh.
C. Tm.
D. .
9. Al(OH)3 c th tc dng vi cc axit v baz no trong bn cht sau: NaOH, H2CO3,

NH4OH, H2SO4?
A. NaOH, H2SO4.
B. NaOH, NH4OH.
C. ch c H2SO4.
D. H2CO3, H2SO4.
10. Phi thm bao nhiu ml H2O vo 1ml dung dch HCl 0,01M c dung dch c pH = 3.
A. 9 ml.
162
B.1 ml.
C. 2 ml.
D.5 ml.
11. Trn 10 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M vi 10 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,05M.Tnh pH ca dung
dch thu c.
A. pH = 6.
B. pH = 7.
C. pH = 8.
D. pH = 9.
12. Cho cc cht sau: SO2, CO2, CH4, C2H4. Cht no lm mt mu dung dch Br2?
A. SO2, CO2.
B. SO2, C2H4.
C. ch c SO2.
D. CO2, C2H4.
13. Sp xp cc cht kh Fe2+, Fe, Cu theo th t mnh tng dn:

A. Fe2+ < Fe < Cu.
B. Fe < Cu < Fe2+.
C. Fe2+ < Cu < Fe.
D. Cu < Fe < Fe2+.
14. Cho m gam Mg vo 100 ml dung dch A cha ZnCl2 v CuCl2, phn ng hon ton cho ra
dung dch B cha 2 ion kim loi v mt cht rn D nng 1,93 gam. Cho D tc dng vi
dung dch HCl d cn li mt cht rn E khng tan nng 1,28 gam. Tnh m.
A. 0,24 gam.
B. 0,48 gam.
C. 0,12 gam.
D. 0,72 gam.
15. Cho bn dung dch mui CuSO4, ZnCl2, NaCl, KNO3. Khi in phn 4 dung dch trn vi
in cc tr, dung dch no s cho ra dung dch baz kim?
A. CuSO4.
B. ZnCl2.
C. NaCl.
D. KNO3.
16. iu ch Na ngi ta c th dng phng php no trong s cc phng php sau:

1. in phn dung dch NaCl;
2. in phn nng chy NaCl.
3. Dng Al kh Na2O;
4. Kh Na2O bng CO.
A. Ch dng 1.
B. Dng 3 v 4. C. ch dng 2.
D. ch dng 4.
17. Cho 4 kim loi Mg, Fe, Cu, Ag. Kim loi c tnh kh yu hn H2 l:
A. Mg v Fe.
B. Cu v Ag.
C. ch c Mg.
D. ch c Ag.
18. Cho CO qua 1,6 gam Fe2O3 t nng (gi s ch xy ra phn ng kh Fe2O3 thnh Fe).Kh
thu c cho qua nc vi d thu c 3 gam. kt ta.Tnh % khi lng Fe2O3 b kh
v th tch kh CO phn ng ktc.
A. 100% ; 0,224 lt.
B. 100% ; 0,672 lt.
C. 80% ; 0,672 lt.
D. 75% ; 0,672 lt.
19. Cho cc kim loi sau: Ba, Al, Fe, Cu. Kim loi tan c trong nc l:
A. Ba v Al.
B. ch c Al.
C. ch c Ba.
D. Fe v Cu.
20. C 3 gi bt rn l Fe; hn hp Fe2O3 + FeO; hn hp Fe + Fe2O3. phn bit chng ta

c th dng
A. dung dch HNO3 v dung dch NaOH.
C. nc clo v dung dch NaOH.
B. dung dch HCl v dung dch NaOH.
D.dung dch HNO3 v dung dch nc clo.
21. Cho 6 gam mt kim loi M tan ht trong 300 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M. trung ha lng
axit d cn 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Xc nh kim loi M.
A. Mg.
B. Ca.
C. Fe.
D. Cu.
22. Cho 3 kim loi: Na, Ba, Fe. C th phn bit 3 kim loi trn ch bng
163
A. H2O v dung dch HNO3.
B. H2O v dung dch NaOH.
C. H2O v dung dch H2SO4.
D. H2O v dung dch HCl.
23. bo v tu i bin ngi ta gn ln thnh tu cc ming kim loi no sau y: Cu, Ag,
Zn, Pb
A. ch c Pb.
B. ch c Zn.
C. ch c Pb v Zn.
D. ch c Cu v Ag.
24. Mt hn hp X gm Na v Ba c khi lng 32 gam. Cho X tan ht trong H2O d thu

c 6,72 kt H2 (ktc). Tnh khi lng Na, Ba trong X.
A. 4,6 gam Na v 27,4 gam Ba.
B. 3,2 gam Na v 28,8 gam Ba.
C.2,3 gam Na v 29,7 gam Ba.
D.2,7 gam Na v 29,3 gam Ba.
25. Chn pht biu ng:

1. Nc cng do ion HCO3;
2. Nc cng vnh cu do cc mui Cl, SO42 ca Ca2+, Mg2+.
3. Nc cng tm thi do cc mui Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2.
4. C th lm mt ht tnh cng ca nc cng bng dung dch NaOH.
5. C th lm mt ht tnh cng ca nc cng bng dung dch H2SO4.
A. Ch c 1.
B. Ch c 2, 3.
C. Ch c 1, 2, 3.
D. Ch c 3,4.
26. Gi tn ru sau y:
CH
H3C C
C2H5
CH CH CH3
CH3 CH3
A. 2,3-imetyl-4-etylpentanol-2.
B. 2-etyl-3,4-imetylpentanol-4.
C. 2,3,4-trimetylhexanol-2.
D. 3,4,5-trimetylhexanol-5.
27. CH3COOH tc dng c vi cht no sau y to ra c este:

A. C2H5OH.
B.CH3CHO.
C.HCOOH.
D. CH 3 C CH 3 .
II
O
28. Cc ru no, n chc tc dng c vi CuO nung nng to ra c anehit l
A. ru bc 2.
B. ru bc 3.
C. ru bc 1.
D. ru bc 1 v bc 2.
29. t chy ru A cho n H2O nCO2 . Vy A l

1. ru no;
3. ru no, n chc, mch h;
2. ru no, n chc;
4. ru no, mch h.
Kt lun ng l:
A. c 4 kt lun. B. ch c 1.
C. ch c 3.
D. ch c 4.
30. Cht va phn ng c vi Na v vi dung dch NaOH l

A. CH3CH2OH.
164
B. HOCH2CH2CH=O.
C. CH3COOH.
D. HCOOCH3.
31. So snh linh ng ca nguyn t H trong nhm OH ca cc cht sau: H2O, CH3OH,
C6H5OH, HCOOH.
A. H2O < CH3OH < C6H5OH < HCOOH.
B. CH3OH < H2O < C6H5OH < HCOOH.
C. CH3OH < C6H5OH < H2O < HCOOH.
D. HCOOH < CH3OH < C6H5OH < H2O.
32. Dy cc dung dch u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 l
A. glucoz, glixerin, C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
B. glucoz, glixerin, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
C. glucoz, glixerin, CH3CHO, CH3COONa.
D. glucoz, glixerin, CH 3 C CH 3 , CH3COONa.
II
33. Cht khng phn ng c vi Ag2O trong NH3 un nng to thnh Ag l

A. glucoz.
B. HCOOCH3.
C. CH3COOH.
D. HCOOH.
34. Cht phn ng c vi Ag2O trong NH3 to ra kt ta l

A. CH3CCCH3.
B. HCCCH2CH3.
C. CH2=CHCH=CH2.
D. CH3CCCH=CH2.
35. phn bit 3 dung dch cha 3 cht: CH3COOH, HCOOH, CH2=CHCOOH c th dng
thuc th sau:
A. Qu tm v dung dch Br2.
B. Cu(OH)2 v dung dch Na2CO3.
C. qu tm v dung dch NaOH.
D. Cu(OH)2 v dung dch Br2.
36. C th dng cc ha cht sau tch cc cht ra khi hn hp gm: benzen, phenol,
anilin:
A. Dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl.
B. Dung dch NaOH v CO2.
C. Dung dch HCl v dung dch NH3.
D. Dung dch NH3 v CO2.
37. Cht c kkh nng lm xanh nc qu tm l
A. anilin, CH3NH2.
B. CH3NH2.
C. NH4Cl.
D. CH3NH3Cl.
38. Cht c kh nng lm nc qu tm l

A. phenol.
B. phenol, CH3COOH.
C. CH3COOH.
D. CH3COOH, CH3CHO.
39. Cht khng tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l

A. CH3COOC2H5.
B. CH3COOH.
165
D. CH 3 C CH 3 .
C. phenol.
II
40. So snh nhit si ca cc cht sau: CH3COOH, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, H2O

A. CH3COOH < H2O < C2H5OH < CH3CHO.
B. CH3CHO < C2H5OH < H2O < CH3COOH.
C. H2O < C2H5OH < CH3CHO < CH3COOH.
D. C2H5OH < CH3CHO< H2O < CH3COOH.
41. Cho s :
KOH, H 2O
Cl2
Cl2
A
glixerin
C3H6
B
as, 500 oC
to
Xc nh A, B tng ng.
A. X: CH2=CHCH2Cl, Y: CH2ClCHClCH2Cl.
B. X: CH2ClCHClCH3, Y: CH2ClCHClCH2Cl.
C. X: CH2ClCHClCH3, Y:CH2=CHCH2Cl.
D. X: CHCl2CH=CH2, Y: CH2ClCHClCHCl2.
42. C th iu ch c CH3COOH trc tip bng mt phn ng t:
A. C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3OH.
B. CH3CHO, CH3COONa, C2H5OH, CH3COOCH3.
C. CH3CHO, CH3CH2COONa, CH3OH.
D. CH3COOCH3, CH3COONa, C2H6.
43. So snh tnh baz ca CH3NH2, NH3, CH3NHCH3,C6H5NH2:
A. C6H5NH2 < NH3 < CH3NHCH3 < CH3NH2.
B. NH3 < CH3NH2 < CH3NHCH3 < C6H5NH2.
C. C6H5NH2 < NH3 < CH3NH2 < CH3NHCH3.
D. CH3NH2 < C6H5NH2 < CH3NHCH3 <NH3.
44. Sp xp tnh axit theo th t mnh tng dn:
1. CH3COOH;
2. HCOOH;
3.CCl3COOH.
A. 1 < 2 < 3.
B. 2 < 1 < 3.
C. 3 < 1 < 2.
D. 3 < 2 < 1.
45. t chy mt ru a chc X ta thu c n H2O : nCO2 3: 2. CTPT ca X l

A. C2H6O2.
B. C3H8O2.
C. C4H10O2.
D. C3H5(OH)3.
46. Cho 1,02 gam hn hp 2 anehit X, Y k tip nhau trong dy ng ng no, n chc tc
dng vi Ag2O trong NH3 d thu c 4,32 gam Ag. X, Y c CTPT l
A. C2H5CHO v C3H7CHO.
B. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO.
C. HCHO v CH3CHO.
D. kt qu khc.
47. Ha tan 26,8 gam hn hp 2 axit no,n chc vo H2O ri chia lm hai phn bng nhau.
Phn 1 cho tc dng hon ton vi Ag2O/NH3 d cho 21,6 gam Ag. Phn hai trung ha
hon ton bi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. CTPT ca 2 axit l
A. HCOOH v C2H5COOH.
166
B. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
C. HCOOH v C3H7COOH.
D. HCOOH v C2H3COOH.
48. M l mt axit n chc t 1 mol M cn va 3,5 mol O2. M c CTPT l

A. C2H4O2.
B. C3H6O2.
C. CH2O2.
D. C4H8O2.
49. t chy hon ton 1,1 gam hp cht hu c X thu c 2,2 gam CO2 v 0,9 gam H2O.
Cho 4,4 gam X tc dng va vi 50 ml dung dch NaOH 1M th to ra 4,8 gam mui.
X c CTPT l
A. C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3COOC2H5.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. CH3COOCH3.
50. x phng ha 17,4 gam mt este no, n chc,mch h cn dng 300 ml dung dch
NaOH 0,5M. Este c CTPT l
A. C3H6O2.
B. C5H10O2.
C. C4H8O2.
D. kt qu khc.
S 16
1. Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca Cu l 63,54 vC. Cu c 2 ng v l 63Cu v 65Cu, %
v khi lng ca 63Cu cha trong Cu2S l
A. 57,82%.
B. 57,49%.
C. 21,39%.
D. 21,82%.
2. Cho cc phn t ca cc cht (1) NH3, (2) Na2O, (3) H2S, (4) BaCl2, (5) N2, (6) H2SO4.
Cc phn t c lin kt cng ho tr phn cc l
A. 1; 2; 3.
B. 1; 3; 6.
C. 2; 4.
D. 3; 5; 6.
3. Cho phn ng thun nghch ang trng thi cn bng:

N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k) + Q
Mun cho cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun th cn phi:
1. tng nhit ;
2. tng p sut ;
3. gim nhit ;
4. ha lng v ly NH3 ra khi hn hp.
5. gim p sut.
A. 2; 4.
B. 1; 2; 4.
C. 2; 3; 4.
D. 1; 5.
4. Cho phng trnh phn ng sau:

FeCl2 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + Cl2 + H2O
Tng h s cn bng (b h s nguyn ti gin) ca phng trnh l
A. 74.
B. 68.
C. 86.
D. 88.
167
5. Cho cc phn t v ion sau:

(1) NH3; (2) HCO3; (3) HSO4; (4) CO32; (5) H2O; (6) Al(OH)3.
Theo nh ngha axit baz ca Bronstet th nhng cht v ion no l baz:
A. 1; 2; 4; 6.
B. 2; 3; 5.
C. 2; 5; 6.
D. 1; 4.
6. pH ca dung dch HCl 0,001M v dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,005M ln lt l

A. 2 v 11,7.
B. 2 v 2,3.
C. 3 v 2.
D. 3 v 12.
7. Cho 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) hp th hon ton vo 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,75M. Khi
lng mui thu c l
A. 20 gam.
B. 15 gam.
C. 24,3 gam.
D. 18,1 gam.
8. Cho kh Cl2 vo dung dch KOH un nng khong 100oC. Sn phm ca phn ng thu
c l
A. KCl + KClO + H2O
B. KCl + H2O
C. KCl + KClO3 + H2O
D. KCl + KClO4 + H2O
9. Phng php in phn dung dch mui ch c th dng iu ch

A. cc kim loi kim.
B. cc kim loi phn nhm chnh nhm II.
C. Al v Mg.
D. cc kim loi ng sau nhm.
10. Pht biu no sau y l sai?
1. Nguyn t ca cc kim loi thng c s electron lp ngoi cng l 1, 2, 3.
2. Nguyn t ca cc kim loi c Z+ nh hn ca cc phi kim trong cng chu k.
3. Nguyn t ca cc kim loi c bn knh ln hn so vi cc phi kim trong cng chu k.
4. Nguyn t ca cc kim loi thng c s electron lp ngoi cng l 5, 6, 7.
A. 1 v 2.
B. ch c 3.
C. ch c 4.
D. ch c 1.
11. Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp Ba, Na, K vo H2O d thy thot ra 6,72 lt H2 (ktc)
v dung dch X. Trung ho 1/10 dung dch X cn V ml dung dch HCl 1M. V bng
A. 60 ml.
B. 300 ml.
C. 80 ml.
D. 120ml.
12. Hn hp X gm 2 kim loi A v B thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II, 2 chu k lin tip.
Cho 1,76 gam X tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d thu c 1,344 lt kh H2 (ktc).
C cn dung dch sau phn ng, khi lng mui khan thu c l
A. 6,02 gam.
B. 3,98 gam.
C. 5,68 gam.
D. 5,99 gam.
13. Cho 2,16 gam Al tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long thu c 0,672 lt kh A duy nht
ktc. Kh A l
A. NO.
B. NO2.
C. N2O.
D. N2.
14. Cho cc ion sau: Cu2+, Fe3+, Al3+, Ag+, Fe2+. Ion no phn ng c vi Fe?
168
A. Cu2+, Fe3+, Al3+.
B. Cu2+, Ag+, Fe2+.
C. Fe3+, Al3+, Ag+.
D. Cu2+, Fe3+, Ag+.
15. Ho tan hon ton m gam Fe trong dung dch HNO3 va thy thot ra 0,03 mol NO2 v
0,02 mol NO. Tnh m.
A. 1,68 gam.
B. 1,12 gam.
C. 2,24 gam.
D. 0,84 gam.
16. Mt dung dch c cha cc ion: Fe3+, Cu2+, Ag+, H+. Khi cho mt thanh Al vo dung dch
trn th th t phn ng ca cc ion trong dung dch vi Al l
A. Ag+, Fe3+, Cu2+, H+, Fe2+.
B. H+, Ag+, Fe3+, Cu2+, Fe2+.
C, Ag+, Cu2+, Fe3+, H+, Fe2+.
D. Fe3+, Ag+, Cu2+, H+, Fe2+.
17. Ngm mt inh st sch vo 200ml dung dch CuSO4. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, ly inh
st ra khi dung dch lm sch thy inh st nng thm 0,8 gam. Nng ca dung dch
CuSO4 l
A. 0,6M.
B. 0,7M.
C. 0,5M.
D. 1,5M.
18. Ag c ln Cu, Zn. loi b tp cht m khng lm thay i khi lng Ag. Ta c th
dng
A. dung dch Cu(NO3)2 d.
B. dung dch Zn(NO3)2 d.
C. dung dch AgNO3 d.
D. Dung dch Fe(NO3)3 d.
19. t mt kim loi X trong bnh kn ng kh Cl2 thu c 32,5 gam mui clorua v nhn
thy th tch kh Cl2 gim 6,72 lt ktc. Kim loi X l
A. Al.
B. Ca.
C. Cu.
D. Fe.
20. Kh mt oxit st bng CO nhit cao. Phn ng xong thu c 0,84 gam Fe v 448 ml
CO2 (ktc). CTPT ca oxit st l
A. FeO.
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
D. khng xc nh c.
21. Cho 1 gam bt Fe tip xc vi O2 mt thi gian thy khi lng bt vt qu 1,41
gam. Cng thc phn t oxit st duy nht l
A. FeO.
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
D. khng xc nh c.
22. Nhit phn hon ton mt hn hp X gm x mol Fe(NO3)2 v y mol Cu(NO3)2 thu c
hn hp kh B c t khi so vi H2 bng 22. T s x/y bng:
A. 1/2.
B. 2.
C. 1/3.
D. 3/2.
23. Ho tan 28 gam hn hp X gm CuSO4, MgSO4, Na2SO4 vo nc c dung dch A.

Cho A tc dng va vi dung dch BaCl2 thy to thnh 46,6 gam kt ta v dung dch
B. C cn dung dch B c khi lng mui khan l
A. 25 gam.
B. 33 gam.
C. 23 gam.
D. 21 gam.
24. C 3 dung dch cha 3 cht sau: Na2CO3, Na2SO4, NaHCO3. C th dng thuc th no
di y phn bit 3 dung dch trn?
A. dd HCl.
B. dd BaCl2.
C. C dd HCl v dd BaCl2.
D. dd Ba(OH)2.
25. Cho mt thanh Fe sch vo dung dch cha hn hp mui Fe(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2, NaHSO4
thy c kh NO v H2 thot ra. S phng trnh phn ng xy ra l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
26. Vi CTPT tng qut C2H2n2 c th l
169
A. anken.
B. ankaien.
C. ankin.
D. c ankaien v ankin.
27. Cho cc cht sau: benzen, toluen, stiren, iso-propylbenzen. Cht no lm mt mu dung
dch nc brom long?
A. benzen.
B. toluen.
C. stiren.
D. iso-propylbenzen.
28. Ru no sau y khi tch nc thu c sn phm chnh l 3-metylbut-1-en

A. 2-metylbutan-1-ol.
B. 2-metylbutan-2-ol.
C. 3-metylbutan-2-ol.
D. 3-metylbutan-1-ol.
29. Hp cht A tc dng c vi Na nhng khng phn ng c vi NaOH. A l cht no

trong cc cht sau? ( u l dn xut ca benzen)
A. C6H5CH2OH.
B. p-CH3C6H4OH.
C. p-HOCH2C6H4OH.
D. C6H5OCH3.
30. Ru no di y khi b oxi ho bng CuO nhit cao cho ra xeton?

A. ru n-butylic.
B. ru iso-butylic.
C. ru sec-butylic.
D. ru tert-butylic.
31. Cho 5,8 gam anehit A tc dng ht vi Cu(OH)2/NaOH c 14,4 gam Cu2O. A l
A. CH3CHO.
B. (CHO)2.
C. C2H5CHO.
D. HCHO.
32. Axit fomic c th phn ng c vi ln lt cc cht trong nhm cht no sau y:

A. Dung dch NH3, dung dch NaHCO3, Cu, CH3OH.
B. Na, dung dch Na2CO3, C2H5OH, dung dch Na2SO4.
C. Dung dch NH3, dung dch NaHCO3, Mg, dung dch AgNO3/ NH3.
D. NH3, dung dch Na2CO3, C2H5OH, Hg.
33. So snh tnh axit ca cc axit sau:
(1) CH2ClCHClCOOH; (2) CH3CHClCOOH;
(3) HCOOH; (4) CCl3COOH; (5) CH3COOH.
A. (1)< (2) < (3) < (4) <(5).
B. (4) < (1) < (2) < (3) < (5).
C. (5) < (3) < (1) < (2) < (4).
D. (5) < (3) < (2) < (1) < (4).
34. CH3CH2OCOH khng tc dng c vi cht no trong cc cht sau:

1/ Cu(OH)2
2/ Na
4/ Ag2O/NH3
5/ CuO.
A. 1; 4; 5.
B. 2; 5.
3/ NaOH
C. 1; 3.
D. 1; 3; 4.
35. Este no di y khi thu phn cho 2 mui v nc?

A. etylaxetat.
B. metylfomiat. C. phenylaxetat. D. vinylpropionat.
36. un nng hn hp X gm 0,25 mol C2H3COOH v 0,15 mol C3H6(OH)2 c mt ca

H2SO4 c lm xc tc, sau mt thi gian thu c 19,55 gam mt este duy nht. Hiu
sut ca phn ng este ho l
A. 25%.
170
B. 70%.
C. 80%.
D. 85%.
37. So snh tnh baz ca cc cht sau (u l dn xut ca benzen):

(a) C6H5NH2; (b) p-CH3C6H4NH2;
(c) p-ClC6H4NH2; (d) p-O2NC6H4NH2.
A. (a) > (b) > (c) > (d).
B. (b) > (c) > (d) > (a).
C. (a) > (c) > (b) > (d).
D. (b) > (a) > (c) > (d).
38. Cho mt -aminoaxit A mch thng c cng thc phn t H2NR(COOH)2 phn ng va
ht vi 0,1 mol NaOH to ra 9,55 gam mui khan. A l
A. axit 2-aminpropanioic.
B. axit 2-aminbutanioic.
C. axit 2-aminpentanioic.
D. axit 2-aminhexanioic.
39. Chn cu ng trong cc cu sau:

A. Tinh bt v xenluloz u c phn ng trng gng.
B. Tinh bt v xenluloz, saccaroz u c cng thc chung l Cn(H2O)n.
C. Tinh bt v xenluloz, saccaroz u c cng thc chung l Cn(H2O)m.
D. Tinh bt v xenluloz, saccaroz u l cc polime c trong thin nhin.
40. nhn bit 3 cht bt mu trng: tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz ta c th tin hnh theo
trnh t no sau y:
A. Ho tan vo nc, dung dch H2SO4 un nng, dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
B. Ho tan vo nc, dng dung dch iot.
C. Dung dch H2SO4 un nng, dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
D. Dng dung dch iot, dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
41. Polime no sau y c to ra t phn ng ng trng hp?
A. Cao su buna-S.
B. Nilon-6,6.
C. Nilon-6.
D. Thu tinh hu c.
42. Mt hp cht hu c A c cng thc phn t C3H9O2N. Cho A phn ng vi dung dch
NaOH, un nh thu c mui B v kh C lm xanh giy qu m. cng thc cu to ca A
l
A. CH3COONH3CH3.
B. C2H5COONH4.
C. HCOONH3CH2CH3.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
43. un 132,8 gam hn hp 3 ru no n chc vi dung dch H2SO4 c 140oC thu c

111,2 gam hn hp cc ete c s mol bng nhau (phn ng hon ton). S mol mi ete l
A. 0,1 mol.
B. 0,2 mol.
C. 0,3 mol.
D. kt qu khc.
44. Cho 3 dung dch cha 3 cht sau: C6H5ONa (natriphenolat); C6H5NH3Cl (phenyl
amoniclorua); NaAlO2 v 2 cht lng ring bit C2H5OH; C6H6 (benzen). C th dng b cht
no sau y phn bit c cc l cha chng?
A. dd NaCl v dd HCl.
B. dd HCl v dd NaOH.
C. dd NaOH v CO2.
D. dd HCl v Na2SO4.
45. Cho cc cht sau: H2NCH2COOH (1); CH3COOH (2); HCOOH (3); CH3COOCH3 (4);
C6H5NH2 (5). Cht no khi cho vo dung dch HCl c phn ng xy ra?
A. (1), (5).
B. (1), (2), (3).
C. (1), (4), (5).
D. ch c (1).
171
46. X l hn hp 2 este ng phn c to thnh t ru n chc mch h khng phn nhnh

vi axit n chc. T khi hi ca X so vi H2 bng 44. X l
A. C3H6O2.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C5H10O2.
D. C6H12O2.
47. M l dn xut ca benzen c CTPT l C7H9NO2. 1 mol M tc dng va vi dung dch

NaOH, c cn dung dch thu c 144 gam mui khan. Xc nh CTCT ca M?
A. o-CH3C6H4NO2.
B. HOC6H3(OH)NH2.
C. C6H5COONH4.
D. p-CH3C6H4NO2.
48. Mt hp cht thm c CTPT l C7H8O c s ng phn ca hp cht thm l

A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
49. Mt hirocacbon no M khi t chy 1 mol M ch cho 5 mol CO2. Khi th Cl2 trong iu
kin askt ch cho 1 sn phm th monoclo duy nht. M l
A. n-pentan.
B. isopentan.
C. neopentan.
D. xiclopentan.
50. Tt c nhng loi hp cht hu c no trong cc dy sau y c th tham gia phn ng

thu phn (c xc tc)?
A. este hu c, lipit, Saccaroz, fructoz, tinh bt, xenluloz, protein
B. este hu c, lipit, Saccaroz, mantoz, tinh bt, xenluloz, protein.
C. aminoaxit, lipit, Saccaroz, mantoz, tinh bt, xenluloz, protein.
D. este hu c, lipit, glucoz, mantoz, tinh bt, xenluloz, protein.
S 17
1. Cho cht hu c A c cng thc phn t C4H10O. un A vi H2SO4 c 170oC ngi ta
thu c 3 anken. Tn gi ca cht A l
172
A. 2- metyl propanol.
B. butanol-1.
C. butanol-2.
D. metylpropyl ete.
2. Cc cht ca dy no sau y va c tnh kh, va c tnh oxi ho?

A. O3, S, SO3.
B. FeO, SO2, S.
C. Na2O, F2, S.
D. Ba, H2O2, Ca.
3. Trong phn t hp cht 2,2,3-trimetyl pentan, s nguyn t cacbon bc I, bc II, bc III v

bc IV tng ng l
A. 5,1,1,1.
B. 4,2,1,1.
C. 1,1,2,4.
D. 1,1,1,5.
4. C 3 l ring bit ng ba dung dch khng mu, mt nhn l HCl, HNO3, H2SO4. C th
dng thuc th no di y phn bit 3 dung dch trn?
A. giy qu tm, dd baz.
B. dd BaCl2; Cu.
C. dd AgNO3; Na2CO3.
D. dd phenolphthalein.
5. iu kin thng metanol l cht lng mc d khi lng phn t ca n tng i nh

do
A. gia cc phn t ru c tn ti lin kt hiro lin phn t.
B. trong thnh phn ca metanol c oxi.
C. tan ln ca metanol trong nc.
D. s phn li ca ru.
6. Dung dch axit nitric tinh khit ngoi nh sng lu ngy s chuyn dn sang mu vng
l do
A. HNO3 tc dng O2 khng kh to cht c mu vng.
B. HNO3 phn li hon ton thnh ion H+ v NO3.
C. HNO3 b phn hu mt phn thnh NO2 lm cho axit c mu vng.
D. HNO3 l mt axit mnh c tnh oxi ho.
7. Cho s cc phn ng sau:
2
C2 H 2 / Zn
O2 / Mn
O2 / Cu 2Cl2 ,PdCl2
Z.
Y
C2H4
X
Cht X, Y, Z theo th t l
A. CO; CO2 v CH3COOH.
B. CH2=CHOH; CH3COOH v CH2=CHCOOCH3.
C. CH3CHO; CH3CH2OH v CH3CH2OCH=CH2.
D. CH3CHO; CH3COOH v CH3COOCH=CH2.
8. Cu hnh electron ca ion M2 s l cu hnh no trong s cc cu hnh sau y?
A. 1s22s22p6.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d6.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p64s2.
D. 1s22s22p63d104s24p5.
9. t chy hn hp 2 ru ng ng ca etanol c s mol bng nhau, thu c kh CO 2 v

hi nc c t l mol n H 2O : n CO2 3: 2. Cng thc phn t ca 2 ru l
A. C2H6O v C3H8O.
B. CH4O v C2H6O.
C. CH4O v C3H8O.
D. C2H6O2 v C4H10O2.
10. in phn dung dch hn hp HCl, NaCl vi in cc tr, mng ngn xp. Hi trong qu
trnh in phn, pH ca dung dch thay i nh th no?
173
A. Khng thay i.
B. Tng ln.
C. Gim xung.
D. C th tng, c th gim.
11. Mt este n chc, mch h c khi lng l 25,8 gam tc dng va vi 300 ml NaOH
1M. Sau phn ng thu c mui v anehit. Cng thc cu to ca este l
A. HCOOCH(CH3)2.
B. CH3COOCH=CH2.
C. C2H5COOCH=CH2.
D. CH3CH2COOCH3.
12. Cho a mol NaAlO2 tc dng vi dung dch cha b mol HCl, sau phn ng thu c kt
ta th
A.
a 1
.
b 4
B.
a
1.
b
C.
a
1.
b
D. kt qu khc.
13. Nitro ho benzen bng HNO3 c/H2SO4 c nhit cao nhn c sn phm no l ch
yu?
A. 1,2-initrobenzen.
B. 1,3-inotrobenzen.
C. 1,4-initrobenzen.
D. 1,3,5-trinitrobenzen.
14. Mt hp kim gm cc kim loi Zn, Fe, Cu. Ho cht c th ho tan hon ton hp kim
trn thnh dung dch l
A. dung dch HCl.
B. dung dch NaOH.
C. dung dch HNO3 c ngui.
D. dung dch FeCl3.
15. Cht no sau y tham gia phn ng este nhanh nht vi ru etylic
A. CH3COOH.
B. C6H5OH.
C. (CH3CO)2O. D. (CH3)2CO.
16. Nhn xt no di y v mui NaHCO3 khng ng?

A. Mui NaHCO3 l mui axit.
B. Mui NaHCO3 khng b phn hu bi nhit.
C. Dung dch mui NaHCO3 c pH > 7.
D. Ion HCO3 trong mui c tnh cht lng tnh.
17. t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp 2 este no n chc cn 3,976 lt O2 (ktc) thu
c 6,38g CO2. Cho lng este ny tc dng va vi KOH thu c 2 ru k tip v
3,92 gam mui ca 1 axit hu c. Cng thc ca 2 este l
A. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2.
B. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2.
C. C2H4O2 v C4H8O2.
D. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2.
18. Cn V1 lt H2SO4 c t khi d 1,84 g/ml v V2 lt nc ct pha thnh 10 lt dung dch

H2SO4 c d 1,28 g/ml. V1, V2 ln lt c gi tr l
A. 3,33 v 6,67. B. 2,5 v 7,5.
C. 4 v 6.
D. 5 v 5.
19. Hp cht hu c A cha C, H, O. Trong phn t A ch cha 1 loi nhm nh chc. Khi
cho 1 mol A tc dng vi AgNO3 trong NH3 d th thu c 4 mol Ag. Bit phn t A c
37,21% oxi v khi lng. A l
A. HCHO.
B. HCOOH.
C. C2H4(CHO)2. D. C3H6(CHO)2.
20. t 8,96 lt H2S (ktc) ri ho tan sn phm kh sinh ra vo dung dch NaOH 25% (d =
1,28 g/ml) thu c 46,88 gam mui. Th tch dung dch NaOH l
174
A. 100 ml.
B. 80ml.
C. 120 ml.
D. 90 ml.
21. em phn tch 0,005 mol mt este A thu c 0,66 gam CO2 v 0,27 gam H2O. Bit t
khi ca A i vi khng kh l 2,55. Khi cho A tc dng vi NaOH cho mt mui m
khi lng bng 34/37 khi lng A. Cng thc n gin, cng thc phn t, cng thc
cu to ca A ln lt l
A. (C2H4O2)n, C2H4O2, HCOOCH3.
B. (C3H6O2)n, C3H6O2, HCOOC2H5.
C. (CH2O)n, C2H4O2, HCOOCH3.
D. (C2H4O2)n, C4H8O4, C2H5OOCCOOCH3.
22. Hn hp X gm 0,03 mol Al v 0,05 mol Fe tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch Y cha
AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2. Sau phn ng thu c dung dch G v 8,12 gam cht rn E gm 3
kim loi. Cho cht rn E tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 0,672 lt H2 ( ktc). Cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton. Nng mol Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 ln lt l
A. 0,3M v 0,5M.
B. 0,5M v 0,3M.
C. 0,2 M v 0,5 M.
D. kt qu khc.
23. Cho 0,2 mol hn hp gm 2 anehit no n chc k tip nhau tc dng vi dung dch
Ag2O/NH3 thu c 51,84 gam Ag. Hai anehit l
A. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO.
B. HCHO v C2H5CHO.
C. HCHO v C3H7CHO.
D. HCHO v CH3CHO.
24. 6,94 gam hn hp gm 1 oxit st v nhm ho tan hon ton trong 100 ml dung dch
H2SO4 1,8M to thnh 0,03 mol H2 v dung dch A. Bit lng H2SO4 ly d 20% so
vi lng phn ng. Cng thc ca oxit st l
A. FeO.
B. Fe3O4.
C. Fe2O3.
D. khng xc nh.
25. t chy 7,2 gam cht hu c X thu c 2,65 gam mui Na2CO3 v hn hp hi. Dn hi
thu c ln lt qua bnh I ng H2SO4 c v bnh II ng nc vi trong d. Thy khi
lng bnh I tng 2,25 gam v bnh II c 32,5 gam. cht kt ta A. Phn t X ch c 2
nguyn t oxi. X c cng thc phn t l
A. C3H5O2Na.
B. C7H5O2Na.
C. C6H5O2Na.
D. C4H9O2Na.
26. Ca(OH)2 l ho cht

A. c th loi cng ton phn ca nc.
B. c th loi cng tm thi ca nc.
C. c th loi cng vnh cu ca nc.
D. khng th loi b c bt k loi nc cng no.
27. Ba dng ng phn (ortho, meta, para) c
A. phenol.
B. benzen.
C. crezol.
D. etanol.
28. Nh t t dung dch NaOH vo dung dch X thy dung dch b vn c, nh tip dung
dch NaOH vo thy dung dch trong tr li. Sau nh t t dung dch HCl thy dung
dch tr nn trong sut. Dung dch X l
A. Al2(SO4)3.
B. Pb(NO3)2.
C. Fe2(SO4)3.
D. A hoc B.
29. Cng thc chung ca ru no n chc, axit no n chc, mch h ln lt l

175
A. CnH2nOH, CmH2mCOOH.
B. CnH2n + 2O, CnH2nO2.
C. Rn(OH)m, Rn(COOH)m.
D. (CH3)nOH, (CH3)nCOOH.
30. Cho phn ng sau:

2NO(k) + O2(k) 2NO2 (k) + Q.
Phn ng s dch chuyn theo chiu thun khi
A. gim p sut.
B. tng nhit .
C. gim nhit v tng p sut.
D. tng nhit v gim p sut.
31. Axit fomic v axit axetic khc nhau

A. phn ng baz.
B. phn ng vi Ag2O/NH3.
C. thnh phn nh tnh.
D. kh nng tng tc vi cht v c.
32. Dy mui nitrat no trong 4 dy mui di y khi b un nng phn hu to ra cc sn

phm gm oxit kim loi + NO2 + O2
A. Al(NO3)3, Zn(NO3)2, Ba(NO3)2.
B. Mg(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)2.
C. KNO3, NaNO3, LiNO3.
D. Hg(NO3)2, Mn(NO3)2, AgNO3.
33. Nhm cacboxyl v nhm amin trong prptein lin kt vi nhau bng
A. lin kt ion.
B. lin kt peptit.
C. lin kt hiro.
D. lin kt amin.
34. iu khng nh no di y ng?

A. Dung dch mui trung ho lun c pH = 7.
B. Dung dch mui axit lun c pH < 7.
C. Nc ct c pH = 7.
D. Dung dch baz lun lm cho phenolphthalein chuyn sang mu hng.
35. t chy hon ton hn hp X gm mt hirocacbon th kh v O2 d, thu c hn hp
Y c thnh phn th tch H2O v CO2 ln lt l 15% v 22,5%. Hirocacbon l
A. C2H6.
B. C4H8.
C. C3H4.
D. C4H10.
36. Khi cho ozon tc dng ln giy c tm dung dch tinh bt v KI thy xut hin mu xanh.
Hin tng ny xy ra l do
A. s oxi ho ozon.
B. s oxi ho kali.
C. s oxi ho iotua.
D. s oxi ho tinh bt.
37. Hy sp xp cc cht di y theo tnh axit tng dn:

HOOCCOOH (1) ; HOOCCH2COOH (2) ; HOOC(CH2)4COOH (3)
A. 1 < 2 < 3.
B. 1 < 3 < 2.
C. 3 < 2 < 1.
D. 2 < 1 < 3.
38. Cho phng trnh phn ng:

Al + HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + N2O + N2 + ...
Nu t l gia N2O v N2 l 2 : 3 th sau khi cn bng ta c t l mol Al : N2O : N2 l
A. 23 : 4 : 6.
176
B. 46 : 6 : 9.
C. 46 : 2 : 3.
D. 20 : 2 : 3.
39. Phn ng no sau y dung iu ch anehit axetic trong cng nghip :
H 2O / H
A. CH3CN
CH3CHO
K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4
B. CH3CH2OH
CH3CHO
KMnO4 / H2SO4
C. CH3CH2OH
CH3CHO
PdCl2 , CuCl2
D. CH2=CH2 + O2
CH3CHO
40. Cho 3 phng trnh ion rt gn:

1. Cu2+ + Fe Cu + Fe2+
2. Cu + 2Fe3+ Cu2+ + 2Fe2+
3. Fe2+ + Mg Fe + Mg2+
Nhn xt no di y l ng?
A. Tnh kh ca Mg > Fe > Fe2+ > Cu.
B. Tnh kh ca Mg > Fe2+ > Cu > Fe.
C. Tnh oxi ho ca Cu2+ > Fe3+ > Fe2+ > Mg2+.
D. Tnh oxi ho ca Fe3+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+ > Mg2+.
41. C 3 cht lng C2H5OH, C6H6, C6H5NH2 v 3 dung dch NH4HCO3, KAlO2, C6H5OK.
nhn bit mi dung dch trn ch dng
A. dd KOH.
B. dd HCl.
C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. dd BaCl2.

Rn X1
to
+H2
+FeCl3
+ dd M
X3
Rn X2
(mu )
Fe(NO3)2
Mui X
hn hp mu nu
Cc cht X1, X2, X3 l

A. FeO, Fe, FeCl2.
B. RbO, Rb, RbCl2.
C. CuO, Cu, FeCl2.
D. K2O, K, KCl.
43. Cho 4,65 gam ru no a chc Y tc dng vi Na d sinh ra 1,68 lt H2 (ktc). MY 70

vC. Cng thc phn t ca Y l
A. C3H5(OH)3.
B. C2H4(OH)2.
C. C4H8(OH)2.
D. C3H6(OH)2.
44. so snh hot ng ho hc mnh, yu ca phi kim thng c xem xt qua kh

nng phn ng
A. vi hiro hoc vi kim loi.
B. vi oxi.
C. vi dung dch mui.
D. vi kim.
45. Cho 3,15 gam mt hn hp axit axetic, axit crylic v axit propionic lm mt mu hon
ton dung dch cha 3,2 gam brom. trung ho hon ton 3,15 gam cng hn hp trn
cn 45 ml dung dch KOH 1M. Khi lng (gam) tng axit ln lt l
A. 1,44 ; 0,6 ; 1,11.
B. 0,6 ; 1,44 ; 1,11.
C. 1,2 ; 1,44 ; 1,11.
D. p n khc.
177
46. Cho m gam kim loi Na vo 200 gam. dung dch Al2(SO4)3 1,71%. Sau khi phn ng xong
thu c 0,78 gam kt ta. m c gi tr l
A. 0,69 gam.
B. 1,61 gam.
C. c A v B u ng.
D. p n khc
47. Cht khng phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3 un nng to thnh Ag l

A. HCHO.
B. HCOOH.
C. mantoz.
D. saccaroz.
48. Cho a gam hn hp E (Al, Mg, Fe ) tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c hn hp
kh gm 0,02 mol NO, 0,01 mol N2O, 0,01 mol NO2 v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X
thu c 11,12 gam mui khan. a c gi tr l
A. 1,82.
B. 11,2.
C. 9,3.
D. kt qu khc.
49. Hai cht hu c (cha C, H, O) c s mol bng nhau v bng a mol. Chng tc dng va
vi nhau to ra sn phm A khng tan trong nc v c khi lng nh hn tng khi
lng 2 cht ban u l 18a gam. A thuc loi hp cht no?
A. ancol.
B. axit.
C. este.
D. mui.
50. Trn 0,54 gam Al vi Fe2O3 v CuO ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm c hn hp A.
Ho tan hon ton A trong HNO3 c hn hp NO2 v NO c M 42 vC. Th tch NO2
v NO ktc l
A. 0,672 lt v 0,224 lt.
B. 0,896 lt v 0,224 lt.
C. 0,56 lt v 0,672 lt.
D. kt qu khc.
S 18
1. i vi nng lng ca cc phn lp theo nguyn l vng bn, trng hp no sau y
khng ng?
178
A. 2p > 2s.
B. 2p < 3s.
C. 3s < 4s.
D. 4s > 3d.
2. Cation R+ c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng l 2p6. Cu hnh electron ca

nguyn t R l cu hnh electron no sau y?
A. 1s22s22p5.
B. 1s22s22p63s1. C. 1s22s22p63s1. D. Kt qu khc.
3. Ba nguyn t X, Y, Z cng nhm A v ba chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon. Tng
s ht proton trong 3 nguyn t bng 70. Ba nguyn t l nguyn t no sau y?
A. Be, Mg, Ca.
B. Sr, Cd, Ba.
C. Mg, Ca, Sr.
D. Tt c u sai.
4. Kt lun no sau y sai?

A. Lin kt trong phn t NH3, H2O, H2S l lin kt cng ho tr c cc.
B. Lin kt trong phn t BaF2 v CsCl l lin kt ion.
C. Lin kt trong phn t CaS v AlCl3 l lin kt ion v c hnh thnh gia kim
loi v phi kim.
D. Lin kt trong phn t Cl2, H2 O2, N2 l lin kt cng ho tr khng cc.
5. Z l mt nguyn t m nguyn t c cha 20 proton, cn Y l mt nguyn t m nguyn
t c cha 9 proton. Cng thc ca hp cht hnh thnh gia cc nguyn t ny l
A. Z2Y vi lin kt cng ho tr.
B. ZY2 vi lin kt ion.
C. ZY vi lin kt cho - nhn.
D. Z2Y3 vi lin kt cng ho tr.
6. Trong 1 lt dung dch CH3COOH 0,01M c 6,261.1021 phn t cha phn li v ion. Bit
gi tr ca s Arogaro l 6,023.1023. in li ca dung dch axit trn l
A. 3,98%.
B. 3,89%.
C. 4,98%.
D. 3,95%.
7. Nng ca ion H+ trong dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M l 0,0013 mol/l. in li ca

axit CH3COOH l
A. 1,35%.
B. 1,32%.
C. 1,3%.
D. 1,6%.
8. i vi dung dch axit yu HNO2 0,1M, nhng nh gi no sau y l ng?

A. pH = 1.
B. pH > 1.
C. H+ = NO2.
D. H+ < NO2.
9. t chy hirocacbon X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l 1 : 2. Cng thc

phn t ca X l
A. C2H6.
B. C3H6.
C. C2H4.
D. CH4.
10. Phn ng gia HNO3 vi FeO to kh NO. Tng cc h s ca phn ng oxi ho - kh ny

l
A. 13.
B. 9.
C. 22.
D. 20.
11. Khi cho mt ancol tc dng vi kim loi hot ng ho hc mnh (va hoc d) nu
VH2 sinh ra bng 1/2 Vhi ancol o cng iu kin th l ancol no sau y?
A. a chc.
B. n chc.
C. etilen glycol. D. tt c u sai.
12. Mt cht hu c mch h M cha C, H, O v ch cha mt loi nhm chc. Khi t chy
mt lng M thu c s mol H2O gp i s mol CO2 cn khi cho M tc dng vi Na d
cho s mol H2 bng 1/2 s mol M phn ng. M l hp cht no sau y?
179
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH3OH.
D. HCOOH.
13. Mt hp cht thm c cng thc phn t l C7H8O. S ng phn ca hp cht thm ny
l
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 7.
14. Xt cc loi hp cht hu c mch h sau: Ancol n chc no (1), anehit n chc no
(2), ancol n chc khng no 1 ni i (3), anehit n chc khng no 1 ni i (4). ng
vi cng thc tng qut CnH2nO ch c 2 cht sau:
A. 1, 2.
B. 2, 3.
C. 3, 4.
D. 1, 4.
15. phn bit cc cht ring bit fomalin, axeton, xiclohexen, ta c th tin hnh theo trnh
t no sau y?
A. Dng nc brom, dng dung dch thuc tm.
B. Dng thuc th AgNO3/NH3, dng nc brom.
C. Dng dung dch thuc tm, dng AgNO3/NH3.
D. A, B, C u ng.
16. Hp cht hu c X khi un nh vi dung dch AgNO8/NH3 (dng d) thu c sn phm
Y. Y tc dng c vi dung dch HCl hoc dung dch NaOH u cho kh v c. X c
cng thc phn t no sau y?
A. HCHO.
B. HCOOH.
C. HCOONH4. D. A, B, C u ng.
17. Cho cng thc nguyn cht ca cht X l (C3H4O3)n. Bit X l axit no, a chc. X l hp
cht no sau y?
A. C2H3(COOH)3.
B. C4H7(COOH)3.
C. C3H5(COOH)3.
D. A, B, C u sai.
18. Hy sp xp cc cht sau theo trt t tng dn nhit si: CH3COOH, CH3COOH3,
HCOOH3, C2H5COOH, C3H7OH. Trng hp no sau y ng?
A. HCOOCH3 < CH3COOCH3 < C3H7OH < CH3COOH < C2H5 COOH.
B. CH3COOCH3 < HCOOCH3 < C3H7OH < CH3COOH < C2H5COOH.
C. HCOOCH3 < CH3COOCH3 < C3H5OH < C2H5COOH < CH3COOH.
D. Tt c u sai.
19. Nhng mt thanh nhm nng 25 gam vo 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,5M. Sau mt thi
gian, cn li thanh nhm thy cn nng 25,69 gam. Nng mol ca CuSO4 v Al2(SO4)3
trong dung dch sau phn ng ln lt l
A. 0,425M v 0,2M.
B. 0,425M v 0,3M.
C. 0,4M v 0,2M.
D. 0,425M v 0,025M.
20. Cho 3,06 gam oxit tan trong HNO3 d thu c 5,22 gam mui. Cng thc phn t oxit
kim loi l
A. MgO.
B. BaO.
C. CaO.
D. Fe2O3.
21. Mnh no sau y l khng ng?

A. Trong nguyn t electron chuyn ng khng theo mt qu o xc nh m
chuyn ng hn lon.
B. Lp ngoi cng l bn vng khi cha ti a s electron.
180
C. Lp electron gm tp hp cc electron c mc nng lng bng nhau.

D. Electron cng gn ht nhn, nng lng cng thp
22. Nguyn t Cu c nguyn t khi trung bnh l 63,54 c hai ng v Y v Z, bit tng s
khi l 128. S nguyn t ng v Y = 0,37 s nguyn t ng v Z. Xc nh s khi ca
Y v Z.
A. 63 v 65.
B. 64 v 66.
C. 63 v 66.
D. 65 v 67.
23. Trn 40 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,25M vi 60 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Gi tr pH ca
dung dch thu c sau khi trn l
A. 14.
B. 12.
C. 13.
D.11.
24. t chy hon ton 6,2 gam photpho trong oxi d. Cho sn phm to thnh tc dng vi
50 gam dung dch NaOH 32%. Mui to thnh trong dung dch phn ng l mui no sau
y?
A. Na2HPO4.
B. Na3PO4 v NaH2PO4.
C. Na2PO4.
D. Na2HPO4 v Na2HPO4.
25. Mt hirocacbon X mch h, th kh. Khi lng V lt kh ny bng 2 ln khi lng V lt

N2 cng iu kin nhit v p sut. Cng thc phn t ca hirocacbon X l
A. C4H10.
B. C4H8.
C. C2H4.
D. C5H12.
26. t chy hon ton 2 ancol X, Y ng ng k tip nhau, ngi ta thy t s mol CO 2 v
H2O tng dn. X, Y thuc loi ancol no sau y?
A. ancol no.
B. ancol khng no.
C. ancol thm.
D. phenol.
27. Cho ancol thm c cng thc C8H10O. Ancol thm no sau y tho mn iu kin:
H 2O
X
X polime.
A. C6H5CH2CH2OH.
B. H3CC6H4CH2OH.
C. C6H4 CH CH3 v C6H5CH2CH2OH.
OH
D. C 5H4 CH CH3 .
OH
28. Axit fomic c th ln lt phn ng vi tt c cc cht trong nhm cht no sau y?
A. Dung dch NH3, dung dch NaHCO3, Cu, CH3OH.
B. Dung dch NH3, dung dch NaHCO3, dung dch AgNO3/NH3, Mg.
C. Na, dung dch Na2CO3, C2H5OH, dung dch Na2SO4.
D. Dung dch NH3, dung dch Na2CO3, Hg, CH3OH.
29. Cho ancol c cng thc C5H11OH. Khi tch nc, ancol ny khng to ra cc anken ng
phn th s ng phn ca ancol l bao nhiu trong cc s cho di y:
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. Tt c u sai.
30. Mt anehit no X mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim l (C 2H3O)n. X
c cng thc phn t l
181
A. C2H4(CHO)2. B. C2H5CHO.
C. C4H8(CHO)2. D. C4H8(CHO)4
31. phn bit cc cht ring bit benzanehit, benzen, ancol benzylic, ta c th tin hnh
theo trnh t no sau y?
A. Dng thuc th AgNO3/NH3 dng dung dch brom.
B. Dng Na kim loi, dng dung dch NaOH.
C. Dng thuc th AgNO3/NH3 dng Na.
D. Dung dch brom, dng Na kim loi.
32. C hai cht hu c X, Y cha cc nguyn t C, H, O phn t khi u bng 74 vC. Bit
X tc dng vi Na; c X v Y u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3 d. X v Y c cng thc cu to no sau y?
B. OHCCOOH v HCOOC2H5.
C. OHCCOOH v C2H5COOH. D. C2H5COOH v HCOOC2H5.

33. Khi thu ngn mt este c cng thc C4H8O2 ta c axit X v ancol Y. Oxi ho Y vi
K2Cr2O7 trong H2SO4 ta c li X. Este c cng thc cu to no sau y?
A. CH3COOC2H5.
B. HCOOC3H7.
C. C2H5COOCH3.
D. Khng xc nh c.
34. Cho hn hp Cu v Fe d vo dung dch HNO3 long ngui c dung dch X. Cho
NaOH vo dung dch X c kt ta Y. Kt ta Y cha:
A. Fe(OH)3 v Cu(OH)2.
B. Fe(OH)2 v Cu(OH)2.
C. Fe(OH)2.
D. Cu(OH)2.
35. Cho 10,08 gam Fe ra ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp g st gm 4
cht (Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4) c khi lng l 12 gam. Cho g st tc dng vi dung dch
HNO3 long dc dung dch X v kh NO.
Th tch kh NO thu c ktc l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 1,68 lt.
C. 2,8 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
36. Cho hn hp Al v Fe tc dng vi dung dch cha hn hp AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 thu

c dung dch B v cht rn D gm ba kim loi. Cho D tc dng vi dung dch HCl d
c kh bay ln. Thnh phn cht rn D l
A. Al, Fe, Cu.
B. Fe, Ag, Cu.
C. Al, Cu, Ag.
D. Al, Fe, Ag.
37. Nguyn t X thuc chu k 3 nhm IV. Cu hnh electron ca X l

A. 1s22s22p63s23p4.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p2.
C. 1s22s22p63s23d2.
D. 1s22s22p63s23d4.
38. Trong bng tun hon nhm nguyn t c m in ln nht l

A. nhm IA.
B. nhm VIIIA.
C. Phn nhm chnh nhm VI.
D. Nhm VIIA.
39. Sp xp cc hiroxit theo chiu gim dn tnh baz:

A. NaOH, KOH, Mg(OH)2, Be(OH)2.
B. Mg(OH)2, NaOH, KOH, Be(OH)2.
182
C. Mg(OH)2, Be(OH)2, KOH, NaOH.

D. Be(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, NaOH, KOH.
40. Trong cc hp cht sau, hp cht no l hp cht cng ho tr: BaCl2, HCl, Na2O, H2O
A. Ch c H2O.
B. Na2O v H2O.
C. HCl v H2O.
D. Ch c BaCl2.
41. Cho cc dung dch sau: Ba(NO3)2, Na2CO3, Fe2(SO4)3, KCl. Dung dch no c pH = 7?
A. C 4 dung dch.
B. Ba(NO3)2, Fe2(SO4)3, KCl.
C. KCl, Ba(NO3)2.
D. Ch c dung dch KCl.
42. Cho 1 git qu tm vo dung dch cc mui sau: (NH4)2SO4, Na2CO3, KNO3, Al(NO3)3
dung dch no lm qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh?
A. (NH4)2SO4, Al(NO3)3.
B. (NH4)2SO4, Na2CO3.
C. Ch dung dch KNO3.
D. Ch dung dch Na2CO3.
43. Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt kh NO2 vo 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 0,2M ri thm vi git
qu tm th dung dch c mu g?
A. Tm.
B. Khng mu. C. Xanh.
D. .
44. Al(OH)3 c th tc dng c vi tt c cc cht trong nhm no trong cc nhm sau?

A. NaOH, NaHCO3, H2SO4.
B. NaOH, Na2CO3, Na2SO4.
C. NaOH, H2SO4, HCl.
D. H2SO4, HCl, NaHCO3.
45. Phi thm bao nhiu ml H2O vo 1 ml dung dch HCl 0,01 M dung dch thu c c
pH = 3?
A. 1 ml.
B. 9 ml.
C. 99 ml.
D. 9,9 ml.
46. Trn 10 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M vi 10 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,05M th thu c dung
dch A. Dung dch A c pH bng
A. 13.
B. 1,7.
C. 7.
D. 4.
47. Cho cc cht sau: SO2, CO2, CH4, C2H4 cht no c kh nng lm mt mu dung dch
nc brom:
A. SO2, CO2.
B. SO2, C2H4.
C. SO2, CH4.
D. CH4, C2H4.
48. Sp xp cc cht v ion: Fe2+, Cu, Ag, Ni theo chiu tng dn tnh kh:
A. Fe2+, Cu, Ag, Ni.
B. Ag, Ni, Cu, Fe2+.
C. Ag, Cu, Fe2+, Ni.
D. Ag, Cu, Ni, Fe2+.
49. Cho m gam Mg vo 100 ml dung dch A cha ZnCl2 v CuCl2 phn ng hon ton cho ra
dung dch B cha 2 ion kim loi v mt cht rn nng 1,93 gam. Cho D tc dng vi dung
dch HCl d cn li mt cht rn E khng tan nng 1,28 gam. Tnh m.
A. 0,24.
B. 0,12.
C. 0,48.
D. 0,72.
50. Cho CO qua 1,6 gam Fe2O3 t nng (gi s ch xy ra phn ng kh Fe2O3 thnh Fe). Kh
thu c cho qua dung dch nc vi trong d thu c 3 gam kt ta. Tnh % khi lng
Fe2O3 b kh v th tch kh CO phn ng ktc.
A. 100% v 2,24 lt.
B. 75% v 0,672 lt.

183
C. 80% v 6,72 lt.
D. 100% v 0,672 lt.
S 19
1. Cu hnh electron no sau y ng vi nguyn t ca Fe?
A. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d8.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p6.
D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2.
2. Trong nhng phn ng sau y ca Fe (II) phn ng no chng t Fe (II) c tnh oxi ha:
t
1. 2FeCl2 + Cl2
2FeCl3
o
t
2. FeO + CO
Fe + CO2
o
t
3. 2FeO + 4H2SO4
Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4H2O
o
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1 v 3.
3. Kim loi X tc dng vi dung dch HCl, dung dch NaOH, khng tc dng vi HNO3 c
ngui l kim loi no trong s cc kim loi sau?
A. Ag.
B. Fe.
C. Al.
D. Fe v Al.
4. Nhng phn ng no sau y vit sai?

1. FeS + 2NaOH
Fe(OH)2 + Na2S
2. FeCO3 + CO2+ H2O
Fe(HCO3)2
3. CuCl2 + H2S
CuS + 2 HCl
4. FeCl2 + H2S
FeS + 2HCl
A. 1, 2.
B. 2, 3.
C. 3, 4.
D. 4, 1.
5. Dy cc cht u phn ng vi dung dch HCl l

A. NaOH, Al, CuSO4, CuO.
B. Cu(OH)2, Cu, CuO, Fe.
C. CaO, Al2O3, Na2SO4, H2SO4.
D. NaOH, Al, CaCO3, Cu(OH)2, Fe, CaO, Al2O3.
6. Dy cc cht u phn ng vi dung dch NaOH l
A. H2SO4, CaCO3, CuSO4, CO2.
B. SO2, FeCl3, NaHCO3, CuO.
C. H2SO4, SO2, CuSO4, CO2, FeCl3, Al.
D. CuSO4, CuO, FeCl3, SO2.
7. Dy cc cht u phn ng vi nc l
A. SO2, NaOH, Na, K2O.
B. SO3, SO2, K2O, Na, K.
C. Fe3O4, CuO, SiO2, KOH.
D. SO2, NaOH, K2O, Ca(OH)2.
8. Dy cc cht u phn ng vi dung dch CuCl2 l

A. NaOH, Fe, Mg, Hg.
184
B. Ca(OH)2, Mg, Ag, AgNO3.

C. NaOH, Fe, Mg, AgNO3, Ag, Ca(OH)2.
D. NaOH, Fe, Mg, AgNO3, Ca(OH)2.
9. Cho st nung vi lu hunh mt thi gian thu c cht rn A. Cho A tc dng vi dung
dch HCl d thu c kh B, dung dch C v cht rn D mu vng. Kh B c t khi so vi
H2 l 9.
Thnh phn ca cht rn A l
A. Fe, S, FeS.
B. FeS, Fe.
C. FeS, S.
D. FeS.
10. C dung dch AlCl3 ln tp cht l CuCl2. C th dng cht no sau y lm sch mui
nhm?
A. AgNO3.
B. HCl.
C. Al.
D. Mg.
11. Fe2O3 c ln Al2O3 th tch c st oxit tinh khit bng cc dung dch no sau y?
A. HCl.
B. NaCl.
C. Ca(OH)2.
D. HNO3.
12. Mt hn hp gm MgO, Al2O3, SiO2. Thu ly SiO2 tinh khit bng cch no sau y?
A. Ngm hn hp vo dung dch NaOH d.
B. Ngm hn hp vo dung dch HCl d.
C. Ngm hn hp vo dung dch CuSO4 d.
C. Ngm hn hp vo nc nng.
13. Ngi ta c th lm mm nc cng tm thi bng phng php no sau y?
1. un nng trc khi dng.
2. Dng dd Na3PO4.
3. Dng dung dch Ca(OH)2 vi lng va .
4. Dng dd HCl.
A. 1,2,4.
B. 2,3,4.
C. 3,4,1.
D. 1, 2, 3.
14. Hin tong g xy ra khi t t dung dch H2SO4 long vo dung dch NaAlO2?
A. Lc u c kt ta keo trng, sau kt ta tan dn
B. Khng c hin tng g xy ra
C. Ch c hin tng xut hin kt ta
D. C hin tng to kt ta v that ra bt kh khng mu
15. Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm: hn hp gm (Al + Fe3O4) n hon ton, sau phn ng
thu c cht rn A. A tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d gii phng H2, nhng ch
tan mt phn trong dung dch NaOH d gii phng H2. Vy thnh phn ca cht rn A l
A. Al, Fe, Fe3O4.
B. Fe, Al2O3, Fe3O4.
C. Al, Al2O3, Fe.
D. Fe, Al2O3.
16. Chn nh ngha ng:

A. Nc cng l nc c cha nhiu ion Ca2+, Mg2+.
B. Nc cng tm thi l nc c cha ion hirocacbonat HCO3.
C. Nc cng vnh cu l nc c cha ion clorua Cl hoc ion sunpht SO42 hoc
c hai.
185
D. Nc cng ton phn l nc c cha ng thi cc ion clorua Cl hoc ion

sunpht SO42 hoc c hai.
17. Trong cc phn ng sau, phn ng no khng ng?
A. Al + NaOH + H2O NaAlO2 + H2
B. SiO2 + 2NaOHnngchy Na2SiO3 + H2O
C. NaAlO2 + CO2 + H2O Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3
D. Al2O3 + 3CO
2Al + 3CO2
18. C hai bnh cha cc dung dch Ca(OH)2 v CaCl2 vi khi lng bng nhau, t ln hai
a cn, cn thng bng. ngoi khng kh mt thi gian th cn b lch v pha no?
A. Cn lch v pha dd CaCl2.
B. Cn lch v pha dd Ca(OH)2.
C. Cn khng lch v pha dd no. D. Khng xc nh c chnh xc.

19. bo v v tu bin ngi ta thng gn cc tm km vo pha ngoi ca v tu phn
chm trong nc bin, phng php chng n mn thuc loi phng php no trong
s cc phng php sau?
A. Cch li kim loi vi mi trng.
B. Dng phng php in ha.
C. Dng cht km hm.
D. Dng hp kim chng g.
20. Mt dy phi qun lm bng st b t thnh hai on, ngi ta ni hai on bng mt
dy ng, hi sau mt thi gian c hin tng g on ni hai si dy?
A. on ni, dy st b n mn. B. on ni, dy ng b n mn.
C. Khng c hin tng g xy ra. D. C hai dy cng b n mn.
21. Thng dng phng php no trong s cc phng php sau iu ch kim loi kim
v kim loi kim th?
A. Phng php thy luyn.
B. Phng php nhit luyn.
C. Phng php in phn nng chy.
D. Phng php in phn dung dch.
22. Cho 8,1 gam bt Al trn vi 16 gam Fe2O3 thu c hn hp A. Nung nng hn hp A
n hon ton trong iu kin khng c oxi thu c hn hp B. Cho B vo dung dch
HCl d, th tch H2 thot ra (ktc) l
A. 6,72 lt.
B. 7,84 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,6 lt.
23. Cho V lt (ktc) CO2 tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M thu c 10 gam kt
ta. Vy th tch V ca CO2 l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 6,72 lt.
C. 8,96 lt.
D. 2,24 hoc 6,72 lt.
24. Cho m gam hn hp (Na, Al) vo nc d thy thot ra 8,96 lt kh (ktc) v cn li 2,7
gam kim loi khng tan. Khi lng m ca hn hp ban u l
A. 12,7 gam.
B. 9,9 gam.
C. 21,1 gam.
D. tt c u sai .
25. Cho 2,49 gam hn hp 3 kim loi: Mg, Zn, Fe tan hon ton trong dung dch H2SO4 long
thy c 1,344 lt H2 thot ra (ktc). Khi lng hn hp mui sunphat khan to ra l
186
A. 4,25 gam.
B. 8,25 gam.
8,35 gam.
D. 2,61 gam.
26. Cho 1 lt dung dch cha HCl 0,005M v H2SO4 0,0025M. Gi tr pH ca dung dch l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
27. Cho cc dung dch sau c cng nng mol/lt:

(1) CH3COOH; (2) H2SO4; (3) HCl
Gi tr pH ca cc dung dch theo th t:
A. (1) < (2) < (3).
B. (1) < (3) < (2).
C. (3) < (1) < (2).
D. (2) < (3) < (1).
28. t chy hon ton 1,8 gam mt amin no n chc cn 3,36 lt O2 (ktc). Vy cng thc
phn t ca amin l
A. CH3NH2.
B. CH3CH2NH2. C. C3H7NH2.
D. C4H9NH2.
29. Trong s cc hp cht sau, hp cht no khng to c lin kt hiro:

C2H5OH, CH3CH2NH2, CH3COOC2H5, H2NCH2COOH, H2NCONH2
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3CH2NH2.
C. CH3COOC2H5.
D. H2NCH2COOH.
30. Nguyn nhn no sau y lm cho ru etylic d tan trong nc?

A. C lin kt hiro vi nc.
B. C lin kt hiro vi nhau.
C. Do tc dng vi nc.
D. Do C2H5OH l phn t c cc.
31. Nguyn nhn no sau y lm cho phenol d dng tc dng vi nc brom?

A. Nhn thm benzen ht electron.
B. Trn nguyn t Oxi cn cp electron t do, n lin kt vo nhn thm lm tng
cng mt electron vo nhn thm ti cc v tr 2, 4, 6.
C. Do nh hng ca c nhm OH ti vng benzen.
D. Nhn thm benzen y electron.
32. Cho cc cht sau:
CH3CHOHCH3 (1), (CH3)3COH (2), (CH3)2CHCH2OH (3), CH3COCH2CH2OH (4),
CH3CHOHCH2OH (5)
Cht no b oxi ha bi CuO s to ra sn phm c phn ng trng gng?
A. 1, 2, 3.
B. 2, 3, 4.
C. 3, 4, 5.
D. 1, 4, 5.

HNO3
A1
Fe/HCl
A2
Br2/H2O
A3
Cng thc cu to ca A3 l
NH2
NH2
A.
B.
Br
Br
Br
NH2
Br
D. Tt c u sai
C.
Br
187
34. Hp cht hu c X c CTPT C2H4O2. X c th tham gia phn ng trng gng, tc dng
vi Na gii phng H2, nhng khng tc dng NaOH. Vy CTCT ca X l
A. HOCH2CHO.
B. HCOOCH3.
C. CH3COOH.
D. HOCH=CHOH.
35. Dy cc cht u lm mt mu dung dch brom l

A. CH4, C6H6.
B. CH4, C2H2.
C. C2H4, C2H2.
D. C6H6, C2H2.
36. Dy cc cht u phn ng vi dung dch NaOH l

A. CH3COOH, (C6H10O5)n.
C. CH3COOH, C6H12O6.
B. CH3COOC2H5, C2H5OH.
D. CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5.
37. Cho qu tm vo cc dung dch hn hp cha cht di y, dung dch no s lm qu tm

ha hng?
(1) H2NCH2COOH.
(2) HOOCCH2CH(NH2)COOH.
(3) (H2N)2CH2COOH.
(4) H3N+CH2COOH.
A. (1) v (3).
C. (1) v (4).
B. (2) v (3).
D. (2) v (4).
38. Dy cc cht u c phn ng thu phn l

A. tinh bt, xenluloz, fructoz.
B. tinh bt, xenluloz, protein, saccaroz, lipit.
C. tinh bt, xenluloz, protein, saccaroz, glucoz.
D. tinh bt, xenluloz, protein, saccaroz, PE.
39. Cho chui phn ng:
H2 / Ni
Cl2 / as
H2O / OH
O2 / Cu
C3H6
B1
B2
B3
B4
Cng thc cu to ng nht cho B4 l

A. CH3COCH3.
B. CH3CH2CHO.
C. CH3CHOHCH3.
D. CH3COCHO.
40. Cho 36 gam glucoz vo dung dch AgNO3 1M /NH3 thy Ag kim loi tch ra. Khi
lng Ag thu c v th tch dung dch AgNO3 cn dng (hiu sut cc phn ng t
100%) l
A. mAg 21,6gam; Vdd AgNO3 200ml .
B. mAg 43,2gam; Vdd AgNO 3 400ml .
C. mAg 21,6gam; Vdd AgNO3 400ml .
D. mAg 43,2gam; Vdd AgNO3 200ml
Cl2 / 500 C
Cl2 / H 2O
NaOH
A
B
C
Propen
o
Cng thc cu to ph hp ca C l
A. CH3CH2CH2OH.
188
B. CH2=CHCH2OH.
D. CH3CHOHCH2OH.
C. CH2OHCHOHCH2OH.
42. Cho s cc phn ng sau:
Al2O3 ,ZnO / 450 C

H2O / xt
men
p,t ,xt
Tinh bt
X
Y
Z
T
o
Cng thc cu to ca T l
A. (CH2CH2)n.
B. (CH2CH=CHCH2)n.
C. CH2=CHCH2OH.
D.
CH CH
CH3 CH3
43. Hp cht thm A c cng thc phn t l C8H8O2. A tc dng c Na, NaOH, tham gia
phn ng trng gng. Vy cng thc cu to ph hp ca A l
A.
HO
CH CH2
CHCHO
OH
B.
HO
C.
CH2COOH
D.
CH2CHO
HO
44. Ba hp cht hu c X, Y, Z c cng CTPT C3H6O2. Khi cho cc cht ln lt tc dng

vi Na, NaOH, AgNO3/NH3 thu c kt qu sau:
A
Na
NaOH
Trng gng
(Qui c du + l c xy ra phn ng, du l khng xy ra phn ng)

Cng thc cu to ca A, B, C ln lt l
A. HCOOC2H5; CH3CH2COOH v CH3COCH2OH.
B. CH3CH2COOH; CH3CHOHCHO; CH3COOCH3.
C. CH3COOCH3; CH3CH2COOH ; HCOOC2H5.
D. CH3CH2COOH; CH3COOCH3; CH3CHOHCHO.
45. Hirocacbon A c cng thc phn t l C5H12. Cho A tc dng Cl2/as vi t l 1:1 thu
c mt dn xut monoclo duy nht. Vit cng thc cu to ca A.
A. (CH3)4C.
B. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3.
C. CH3CH2CH(CH3)2.
D. Tt c u ng.
46. Mt anehit no A, mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim l (C2H3O)n.
Cng thc cu to ca A l
A. OHCCH2CH2CHO.
B. HOCH2CH=CHCHO.
C. CH3CH(CHO)2.
D. CH3COCH2CHO.
47. Cho 15,2 gam mt ru no A tc dng Na d, thy thot ra 4,48 lt kh (ktc), A c th

ha tan c Cu(OH)2. Vy cng thc cu to ph hp ca A l
A. CH2OHCH2CH2OH.
B. CH2OHCHOHCH3.
B. CH2OHCHOHCH2OH.
D. CH2OHCH2OH.
189
48. trung ha 1 lt dung dch axit hu c X cn 0,5lt dung dch NaOH 1M, c cn thu
c 47 gam. mui khan. Mt khc khi cho 1 lt dung dch axit trn tc dng vi nc Br2
lm mt mu hon ton 80g Br2. Cng thc cu to ph hp ca X l
A. CH2=CHCOOH.
B. CH2=CHCH2COOH.
C. CH3CH=CHCOOH.
D. CH3CH2COOH.
49. Cho 14,8 gam mt este no n chc A tc dng va vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 2M.
Tm CTCT ca A bit rng A c tham gia phn ng trng gng:
A. CH3COOCH=CH2.
B. HCOOCH3.
C. CH2=CHCOOH.
D. HCOOCH2CH3.
50. Khi lng glucoz cn iu ch 0,1 lt ru tylic (khi lng ring D = 0,8 g/ml) vi
hiu sut 80% l
A. 180 gam.
B. 195,65 gam. B. 186,55 gam. C. 200 gam.
S 20
1. Mt anken (c 6 nguyn t C), phn ng vi dung dch KMnO4, trong mi trng axit, ch
cho mt sn phm oxi ha l CH3COCH3, anken l
A. 2,3-imetyl-2-buten.
B. 3-metyl-2-penten.
C. isopren.
D. trans-3-hexen.
2. Cho phn ng sau:

190
Mg + HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + NO + NO2 + H2O

Nu t l s mol gia NO v NO2 l 2:1, th h s cn bng ti gin ca HNO3 trong
phng trnh ho hc l
A. 12.
B. 30.
C. 18.
D. 20.
3. in phn dung dch CuSO4 nng 0,5M vi in cc tr trong th thu c 1 gam

ng. in lng tiu tn ti thiu l
A. 3015 C.
B.2870 C.
C.1212 C.
D.2550 C.
4. C th iu ch bc kim loi t dung dch AgNO3 bng cch

A. in phn vi in cc than ch.
B. nhit phn.
C. in phn vi in cc Au.
D. cho tc dng vi kim loi mnh nh canxi.
5. in phn dung dch CuSO4 nng 0,5M vi in cc tr trong th thu c 1gam Cu.
Nu dng dng in mt chiu c cng 1A, th thi gian in phn ti thiu l
A. 50 pht 15 giy.
B. 40 pht 15 giy.
C. 0,45 gi.
D. 0,65 gi.
6. Phng php thy luyn dng iu ch

A. kim loi c tnh kh yu.
B. kim loi m ion dng ca n c tnh oxy ha yu.
C. kim loi hot ng mnh.
D. kim loi c cp oxi ha-kh ng trc Zn2+/Zn.
7. Ha tan m gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonat kim loi ha tr (I) v (II) bng dung dch HCl
d thu c dung dch A v V lt kh CO2 (ktc). C cn dung dch A thu c (m+3,3)
gam mui khan. Tnh V?
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 3,72 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 8,96 lt.
8. Cho cc cht A (C4H10), B (C4H9Cl), C (C4H10O), D (C4H11N). Nguyn nhn gy ra s

tng s lng cc ng phn t A n D l do
A. ha tr ca cc nguyn t th tng lm tng th t lin kt trong phn t.
B. m in khc nhau ca cc nguyn t.
C. cc bon c th to nhiu kiu lin kt khc nhau.
D. khi lng phn t khc nhau.
9. A v B l 2 axit cacboxylic n chc.
Trn 1,2 gam A vi 5,18 gam B c hn hp X. trung ha ht X cn 90 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M.
Trn 7,8 gam A vi 1,48 gam B c hn hp Y. trung ha ht Y cn 75 ml dung dch
NaOH 2M.
Cng thc ca A, B ln lt l
A. CH3COOH v C2H3COOH.
B. C2H3COOH v C2H5COOH.
191
C. C2H5COOH v CH3COOH.
D. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
10. S ng phn cu to ca C5H10 l

A. 11.
B. 10.
C. 9.
D.8.
11. lm thay i pH ca dung dch (dung mi nc) t 4 thnh 6, th cn pha dung dch
vi nc theo t l th tch l
A. 1:99.
B. 99:1.
C. 2:3.
D. 3:2.
12. Dung dch c pH = 4 s c nng ion OH bng

A. 104.
B. 4.
C. 1010.
D. 104.
13. Khi trn nhng th tch bng nhau ca dung dch HNO3 0,01M v dung dch NaOH
0,03M th thu c dung dch c pH bng
A. 9.
B. 12,3.
C. 13.
D.12.
14. Cho cc cht A (C4H10), B (C4H9Cl), C (C4H10O), D (C4H11N). S lng cc ng phn

ca A, B, C, D tng ng l
A. 2; 4; 6; 8.
B. 2; 3 ; 5; 7.
C. 2; 4; 7; 8.
D. 2; 4; 5; 7.
C. 3.
D. 4.
15. S cp ng phn cis-trans ca C5H10 l

A. 1.
B. 2.
16. Phng php no di y thng dng iu ch kim loi phn nhm ph nh Crom,
Mangan, St...
A. in phn mui nng chy, hoc phn hy nhit hoc khai thc dng kim loi t
do.
B. Kh bng cc cht kh ha hc hoc kh cc qung sunfua bng Cacbon nhit
cao
C. Dng kim loi mnh y kim loi yu ra khi dung dch mui.
D. in phn dung dch mui.
17. Hn hp X gm hai hirocacbon A, B thuc loi ankan, anken, ankin. t chy hon ton
6,72 lt (ktc) X ri cho tt c sn phm chy hp th hon ton vo bnh ng nc vi
trong d, thy khi lng bnh tng thm 46,5 gam v c 75 gam kt ta. X c th gm
A. 2 ankan.
B. 1 ankin +1 anken.
C. 1 ankan +1 anken.
D. 1 ankan +1 ankin.
6,72 lt (ktc) kh X c khi lng l m gam, v cho tt c sn phm chy hp th hon
ton vo bnh ng nc vi trong d, thy khi lng bnh tng thm 46,5 gam v c 75
gam kt ta. Nu t l khi lng ca A v B l 22:13, th khi lng m (gam) X ly
A. 10.
B. 9,5.
C. 10,5.
D.11.
6,72 lt (ktc) kh X c khi lng l m gam, v cho tt c sn phm chy hp th hon
ton vo bnh ng nc vi trong d, thy khi lng bnh tng thm 46,5 gam v c 75
gam kt ta. Nu t l khi lng ca A v B l 22:13, th s gam cht A trong m gam X l
A. 4,4.
192
B. 4,5.
C. 5,6.
D.6,6.
20. Nitro ha benzen thu c 2 hp cht nitro X, Y hn km nhau mt nhm NO2. t chy
hon ton 2,3 gam hn hp X, Y thu c CO2, H2O v 0,224 lt N2 (ktc). Cng thc
phn t ca X, Y l
A. C6H5NO2 v C6H4(NO2)2.
B. C6H4(NO2)2 v C6H3(NO2)3.
C. C6H5NO2 v C6H3(NO2)3.
D. khng xc nh c.
21. Aminoaxit iu kin thng l cht rn, kt tinh, tan tt trong nc v

A. aminoaxit c nhm chc axit.
B. aminoaxit c nhm chc baz.
C. aminoaxit c cu to tinh th ion lng cc.
D. aminoaxit va c tnh axit va c tnh baz.
22. Este A c iu ch t aminoaxit B v ru etilic. 2,06 gam A ha hi hon ton chim
th tch bng th tch ca 0,56 gam nit cng iu kin. A c cng thc cu to l
A. NH2CH2CH2COOCH2CH3.
B. NH2CH2COOCH2CH3.
C. CH3NHCOOCH2CH3.
D. CH3COONHCH2CH3.
23. Khi lng phn t ca mt loi t capron bng 16950 vC, ca t enang bng 21590
vC. S mt xch trong cng thc phn t ca mi loi t trn ln lt l
A. 120 v 160.
B.200 v 150.
C.150 v 170.
D.170 v 180.
24. Khi lng phn t trung bnh ca xenluloz tnh theo .v.C trong si bng l 1750000,
trong si gai l 5900000. S mt xch trung bnh trong cng thc phn t xenluloz ca
mi loi si tng ng l
A. 10802 v 36420.
B. 12500 v 32640.
C.32450 v 38740.
D.16780 v 27900.
25. Cn bao nhiu lt axit H2SO4 (d = 1,84 g/ml) v bao nhiu lt nc ct pha thnh 9 lt
dung dch H2SO4 c d = 1,28 g/ml.
A. 3 lt v 6 lt. B. 2 lt v 7 lt.
C. 6 lt v 3 lt.
D. 4 lt v 5 lt.
26. Hin tng quan st c khi cho dung dch nc iot ln lt vo ming chui cn xanh
v ming chui chn l
A. c hai cho mu xanh lam.
B. c hai khng i mu.
C. ming chui cn xanh cho mu xanh tm, ming chn khng nh vy.
D. ming chui chn cho mu xanh lam, ming xanh khng nh vy.
H 2SO4
HBr
NaOH
Z.
But-1-en
X
Y
H 2O
180 oC
Bit X, Y, Z u l cc hp cht hu c v l nhng sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca X, Y,

Z ln lt l
A. CH3CH(Br)CH2CH3, CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 , CH3CH=CHCH3.
B. CH2BrCH2CH2CH3 , CH2(OH)CH2CH2CH3, CH2=CHCH2CH3.
193
C. CH3CH(Br)CH2CH3, CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 , CH2=CHCH2CH3.

D. CH3CH(Br)CH2CH3, CH3CH2CH2CH2(OH), CH2=CHCH2CH3.
28. Cho s phn ng:
H 2O / H
men ru
men gim
Y,xt
T.
Xenluloz
X
Y
Z
Cng thc cu to ca T l
A. C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. CH3COOC2H5.
29. Cn trn theo t l th tch no 2 dung dch NaOH 0,1M vi dung dch NaOH 0,2M
c dung dch NaOH 0,15M. Cho rng s trn ln khng thay i th tch.
A. 1 : 1.
B. 1 : 2.
C. 2 : 1.
D. 2 : 3.
30. Tin hnh th nghim sau: Cho mt t bt ng kim loi vo ng nghim cha dung dch
FeCl3, lc nh ng nghim s quan st thy hin tng no sau y?
A. Kt ta St xut hin v dung dch c mu xanh.
B. Khng c hin tng g xy ra.
C. ng tan v dung dch c mu xanh.
D. C kh mu vng lc ca Cl2 thot ra.
31. Cho vo ng nghim 1ml dung dch protit (lng trng trng), tip theo cho 1ml dung dch
NaOH c v 1 git dung dch CuSO4 2%, lc nh ng nghim. mu ca dung dch quan
st c l
A. xanh tm.
B. vng.
C. en.
D. khng c s thay i mu.
32. Cho 3,2 gam Cu tc dng vi 100ml dung dch hn hp HNO3 0,8M + H2SO4 0,2M, sn
phm kh duy nht ca HNO3 l kh NO. S gam mui khan thu c l
A. 5,64.
B. 7,9.
D. ba kt qu trn u sai.
C. 8,84.
33. Cho 3,2 gam Cu tc dng vi 100ml dung dch hn hp HNO3 0,8M + H2SO4 0,2M, sn
phm kh duy nht ca HNO3 l kh NO. Th tch (tnh bng lt) kh NO ( ktc) l
A. 0,672.
B. 0,448.
C. 0,224.
34. Ht nhn nguyn t R c in tch bng +32.10
D. 0,336.
19
C. Nguyn t R thuc
A. chu k 3 nhm IIB.
B. chu k 3 nhm IIA.
C. chu k 4 nhm IIA.
D. chu k 4 nhm IIIA.
35. 17,7 gam mt ankylamin cho tc dng vi dung dch FeCl3 d thu c 10,7 gam kt ta.
Cng thc ca ankylamin l
A. CH3NH2.
B. C4H9NH2.
C. C3H9N.
D. C2H5NH2.
36. Dung dch AlCl3 trong nc b thy phn nu thm vo dung dch cc cht sau y, cht
no lm tng cng qu trnh thy phn AlCl3?
A. NH4Cl.
B. Na2CO3.
C. ZnSO4.
D. Khng c cht no c.
37. Khi t chy ng ng ca ru n chc ta thy t l s mol n CO2 : n H2O tng dn theo
s mol cacbon, ru trn thuc dy ng ng
194
A. ru thm.
B. ru khng no.
C. ru no.
D. khng xc nh c.
38. Khi nung nng mnh 25,4 gam hn hp gm kim loi M v mt oxit st phn ng xy
ra hon ton, th thu c11,2 gam st v 14,2 gam mt xt ca kim loi M. Hi M l
kim loi no?
A. Al.
B. Cr.
C. Mn.
D. Zn.
39. Dng giy rp nh sch mnh nhm ri nh mt git dung dch HgCl2 ln b mt sch
mnh nhm. Sau 2 pht, lau kh v mnh nhm trong khng kh. Hin tng quan st
c sau cng l
A. nhng ht nh li ti mu trng bc ca thy ngn ln trn mnh nhm.
B. b mt nhm c mu en.
C. nhng si nh nh si ch mu trng xut hin trng nh lng t.
D. si bt trn b mt mnh nhm do AlCl3 b thy phn.
40. Cho hi nc i qua than nng c hn hp kh A gm CO2,CO, H2. Ton b lng
kh A va kh ht 48 gam Fe2O3 thnh Fe v thu c 10,8 gam H2O. Phn trm th
tch CO2 trong hn hp kh A l
A. 28,571.
B. 14,289.
C. 13,235.
D. 16,135.
41. C th dng ha cht no di y phn bit ba oxit mu en Cr2O3, FeO, MnO2?

A. Dung dch HNO3.
B. Dung dch Fe2(SO4)3.
C. Dung dch HCl.
D. Dung dch NaOH.
42. Ha tan hon ton 11,9 gam hn hp 2 kim loi (Zn, Al) bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng
thu c 7,616 lt SO2 (ktc), 0,64 gam S v dung dch X. Tnh khi lng mui trong X.
A. 60,3 gam.
B. 50,3 gam.
C. 72,5 gam.
D. 30,3 gam.
43. Tin hnh th nghim sau: nh vi git dung dch H2S vo ng nghim cha dung dch
FeCl3 thy xut hin kt ta. Kt ta l
A. Fe.
B. S.
C. FeS.
D. c FeS v S.
44. Trn b mt ca cc h nc vi, hay cc thng nc vi ngoi khng kh, thng c
mt lp vng mng. Lp vng ny ch yu l
A. canxi.
B. canxi hiroxit.
C. canxi cacbonat.
D. canxi oxit.
45. Trong cc cht sau, cht no khng to lin kt hiro vi nc?
A. CH3CH3.
B. CH3CH2OH.
C. NH3.
46. C bao nhiu kiu lin kt hiro gia cc phn t H2O?

A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. HF.
D. 4.
47. Lin kt hiro gia cc phn t no sau y l bn vng nht?

A. CH3CH2OH. B. CH3CH2NH2. C. H2O.
D. CH3COOH.
48. Axit flo hiric yu hn axit clohiric v
A. flo m in hn clo.
B. HF nh hn HCl.
C. lin kt hiro ca HF bn hn ca HCl.
D. HF phn cc mnh hn HCl.
195
49. Cc cht H2O, CH3OH, HCHO, HCOOH, C2H5OH. CH3COOH c nhit si tng ng
k hiu l s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6. Nu xp nhit si tng dn t u n cui th c trt t
sau
A. s2, s4, s3, s1, s6, s5.
B. s3, s2, s5, s1, s4, s6.
C. s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6.
D. s3, s2, s4, s1, s6, s5.
50. Hp kim no di y ca nhm tan hon ton trong dung dch axit clohiric?
A. uyra.
B. Silumin.
C. Almelec.
D. Eletron.
S 21
1. Cho cc dung dch X1: HCl, X2: KNO3, X3: HCl + KNO3, X4: Fe2(SO4)3. Dung dch no
c th ha tan c bt ng?
A. X1, X4, X2.
B. X3, X2.
C. X3, X4.
D. X1, X2, X3, X4.
2. Cho phn ng sau:

FeS + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O.
H s cn bng ti gin ca ca H2SO4 l
A. 4.
B. 12.
C. 10.
D. 8.
3. Sn xut amoniac trong cng nghip da trn phng trnh ha hc sau:

N2 (k) + 3H2 (k)
p, xt
2NH3 (k) ; H = 92 kJ.
Cn bng ha hc s chuyn dch v pha to ra amoniac nhiu hn nu

A. gim p sut chung v nhit ca h.
B. gim nng ca kh nit v kh hiro.
C. tng nhit ca h.
D. tng p sut chung ca h.
4. Thi t t V lt hn hp kh (ktc) gm CO v H2 i qua mt ng ng 16,8 gam hn hp
3 oxit: CuO, Fe3O4, Al2O3 nung nng, phn ng hon ton. Sau phn ng thu c m gam
cht rn v mt hn hp kh nng hn khi lng ca hn hp V l 0,32 gam. Tnh V v
m.
A. 0,224 lt v 14,48 gam.
B. 0,672 lt v 18,46 gam.
C. 0,112 lt v 12,28 gam.
D. 0,448 lt v 16,48 gam.
5. Ha tan ht 22,064 gam hn hp Al, Zn bng dung dch HNO3 thu c 3,136 lt hn hp
NO v N2O (ktc) vi s mol mi kh nh nhau. Tnh % khi lng ca Al trong hn hp.
A. 5.14%.
B. 6,12%.
C. 6,48%.
D. 7,12%.
6. C 3 mu hp kim: Fe-Al, K-Na, Cu-Mg. Ha cht c th dng phn bit 3 mu hp

kim ny l
A. dung dch NaOH.
B. dung dch HCl.
C. dung dch H2SO4 long.
D. dung dch MgCl2.
7. Cho 16 gam Cu tan hon ton vo 200 ml dung dch HNO3, phn ng va , gii phng
mt hn hp 4,48 lt kh NO v NO2 c t khi hi vi H2 l 19. Tnh CM ca dung dch
HNO3.
196
A.2 M.
B. 3M.
C. 1,5M.
D. 0,5M.
8. Cho hn hp X gm NaCl v NaBr tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d th lng kt ta

thu c sau phn ng bng khi lng AgNO3 tham gia phn ng. Thnh phn %
khi lng NaCl trong X l
A. 27,88%.
B. 13,44%.
C. 15,20%.
D. 24,50%.
9. Hn hp X gm 2 kh H2S v CO2 c t khi hi so vi H2 l 19,5. Th tch dung dch KOH

1M ti thiu hp th ht 4,48 lt hn hp X (ktc) cho trn l
A. 50 ml.
B. 100 ml.
C. 200 ml.
D. 100 ml hay 200 ml.
10. Hai este A, B l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t l C9H8O2; A v B u cng
hp vi brom theo t l mol l 1 : 1. A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH cho mt mui v mt
anehit. B tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d cho 2 mui v nc, cc mui u c phn t
khi ln hn phn t khi ca CH3COONa. Cng thc cu to ca A v B ln lt l cc
cht no di y?
A. HOOCC6H4CH=CH2 v CH2=CHCOOC6H5.
B. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v C6H5CH=CHCOOH.
C. HCOOC6H4CH=CH2 v HCOOCH=CHC6H5.
D. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v CH2=CHCOOC6H5.
11. t chy hon ton 1,76 gam mt axit hu c X mch thng c 1,792 lt kh CO 2 (ktc)
v 1,44 gam H2O. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3CH2CH2COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. CH3CH=CHCOOH.
D. HOOCCH2COOH.
12. Cn ha tan bao nhiu gam SO3 vo 100 gam dung dch H2SO4 10% c dung dch
H2SO4 20%?
A. 6,320 gam.
B. 8,224 gam.
C. 9,756 gam.
D. 10,460 gam.
13. Cho cc cht: A (C4H10), B (C4H9Cl), D (C4H10O), E (C4H11N). S lng cc ng phn

ca A, B, D, E tng ng l
A. 2, 4, 6, 8.
B. 2, 3, 5, 7.
C. 2, 4, 7, 8.
D. 2, 4, 5, 7.
14. Cho 15,8 gam KMnO4 tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl c, d. Th tch kh thu
c ktc l
A. 4,8 lt.
B. 5,6 lt.
C. 0,56 lt.
D. 8,96 lt.
15. phn bit c 4 cht hu c: axit axetic, glixerol (glixerin), ru etylic v glucoz ch
cn dng mt thuc th no di y?
A. Qu tm.
B. CuO.
C. CaCO3.
D. Cu(OH)2/OH.
16. Khi trn nhng th tch bng nhau ca dung dch HNO3 0,01M v dung dch NaOH
0,03M th thu c dung dch c pH bng
A. 9.
B. 12,30.
C. 13.
D. 12.
17. Mt bnh cu ng y kh HCl c y bng mt nt cao su cm ng thy tinh vut

nhn xuyn qua. Nhng ming bnh cu vo mt cc thy tinh ng dung dch NaOH
197
long c pha thm mt vi git dung dch phenolphtalein (c mu hng). Hy d on

hin tng quan st c trong th nghim trn.
A. Khng c hin tng g xy ra.
B. Nc trong cc thy tinh phun mnh vo bnh cu v nc mt mu hng.
C. Nc trong cc thy tinh phun mnh vo bnh cu v khng mt mu hng ban
u.
D. Nc khng phun vo bnh nhng mt mu dn dn.
6,72 lt (ktc) kh X c khi lng l m gam v cho tt c sn phm chy hp th hon
ton vo bnh ng nc vi trong (d) thy khi lng bnh tng thm 46,5 gam v c 75
gam kt ta. Nu t l khi lng ca A v B l 22 : 13 th gi tr m l bao nhiu gam?
A. 10 gam.
B. 9,5 gam.
C. 10,5 gam.
D. 11 gam.
19. Cho a gam hn hp CH3COOH v C3H7OH tc dng ht vi Na th th tch kh H2 (ktc)

thu c l 2,24 lt. Gi tr ca a l
A. 3 gam.
B. 6 gam.
C. 9 gam.
D. 12 gam.
20. Cn ly bao nhiu tinh th CuSO4. 5H2O v bao nhiu gam dung dch CuSO4 8% pha
thnh 280 gam dung dch CuSO4 16%?
A. 40 v 240 gam.
B. 50 v 250 gam.
C. 40 v 250 gam.
D. 50 v 240 gam.
21. Hn hp X gm ancol metylic v mt ancol no, n chc A, mch h. Cho 2,76 gam X
tc dng vi Na d thu c 0,672 lt H2 (ktc), mt khc oxi ha hon ton 2,76 gam X
bng CuO (to) thu c hn hp anehit. Cho ton b lng anehit ny tc dng vi
dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 19,44 gam cht kt ta. Cng thc cu to ca A l
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3CH2CH2OH.
C. CH3CH(CH3)OH.
D. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH.
22. Cho mt t bt ng kim loi vo ng nghim cha dung dch FeCl3, lc nh ng nghim.
Hin tng quan st c l
A. kt ta xut hin v dung dch c mu xanh.
B. khng c hin tng g xy ra.
C. ng tan v dung dch chuyn dn sang mu xanh.
D. c kh mu vng lc (kh Cl2) thot ra.
23. Nhm cc kh no di y u khng phn ng vi dung dch NaOH?
A. CO2, NO2.
B. Cl2, H2S, N2O.
C. CO, NO, NO2.
D. CO, NO.
24. Khi lng phn t ca mt loi t capron bng 16950 vC, ca t enang bng 21590
vC. S mt xch trong cng thc phn t ca mi loi t trn ln lt l
A. 120 v 160.
B. 200 v 150.
C. 150 v 170.
D. 170 v 180.
25. Cho 11,0 gam hn hp X gm Al v Fe vo dung dch HNO3 long d, thu c dung
dch Y v 6,72 lt kh NO ktc (sn phm kh duy nht). C cn cn thn dung dch Y
th lng mui khan thu c l
198
A. 33,4 gam.
B. 66,8 gam.
C. 29,6 gam.
D. 60,6 gam.
26. C th dng phng php n gin no di y phn bit nhanh nc c cng tm

thi v nc c cng vnh cu?
A. Cho vo mt t Na2CO3.
B. Cho vo mt t Na3PO4.
C. un nng.
D. Cho vo mt t NaCl.
27. Th tch dung dch HCl 0,3M cn trung ha 100 ml dung dch hn hp NaOH 0,1M v
Ba(OH)2 0,1M l
A. 100 ml.
B. 150 ml.
C. 200 ml.
D. 250 ml.
28. em hn hp cc ng phn mch h ca C4H8 cng hp vi H2O (H+, to) th thu c ti

a s sn phm cng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
29. un nng 5,8 gam hn hp A gm C2H2 v H2 trong bnh kn vi xc tc thch hp sau

phn ng c hn hp kh X. Dn hn hp X qua bnh ng dung dch Br2 d thy bnh
tng ln 1,4 gam v cn li hn hp kh Y. Tnh khi lng ca hn hp Y.
A. 5,4 gam.
B. 6.2 gam.
C. 3,4 gam.
D. 4,4 gam.
30. Nng ion NO3 trong nc ung ti a cho php l 9 ppm. Nu tha ion NO3 s gy ra
mt s bnh thiu mu hoc to thnh nitrosamin (mt hp cht gy ung th trong ng
tiu ha). nhn bit ion NO3 ngi ta c th dng cc ha cht no di y?
A. Dung dch CuSO4 v dung dch NaOH.
B. Cu v dung dch H2SO4.
C. Cu v dung dch NaOH.
D. Dung dch CuSO4 v dung dch H2SO4.
31. Este X c iu ch t aminoaxit A v ru etylic. 2,06 gam X ha hi hon ton chim
th tch bng th tch ca 0,56 gam nit cng iu kin nhit , p sut. X c cng thc
cu to l
A. NH2CH2CH2COOCH2CH3.
B. NH2CH2COOCH2CH3.
C. CH3NHCOOCH2CH3.
D. CH3COONHCH2CH3.
32. Chia hn hp X gm hai ru, n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng thnh hai phn bng
nhau.
- Phn 1: em t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc).
- Phn 2: Thc hin phn ng tch nc hon ton vi H2SO4 c, 180oC thu c hn
hp Y gm hai anken. t chy hon ton hn hp Y ri cho ton b sn phm chy i chm
qua bnh ng dung dch nc vi trong d, kt thc th nghim thy khi lng bnh tng ln
m gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,4 gam.
B. 1,8 gam.
C. 6,2 gam.
D. 10 gam.
33. Cho hn hp X gm N2, H2 v NH3 i qua dung dch H2SO4 c, d th th tch kh cn li

mt na. Thnh phn % theo th tch ca NH3 trong X l
199
A. 25,0%.
B. 50,0%.
C. 75,0%.
D. 33,33%.
34. Cho 3,2 gam Cu tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch hn hp HNO3 0,8M + H2SO4 0,2M, sn
phm kh duy nht ca HNO3 l kh NO. Th tch (tnh bng lt) kh NO ( ktc) l
A. 0,672.
B. 0,448.
C. 0,224.
D. 0,336.
35. Khi lng phn t trung bnh ca xenluloz tnh theo vC. trong si bng l 1750000,
trong si gai l 5900000. S mt xch trung bnh trong cng thc phn t xenluloz ca
mi loi si tng ng l
A. 10802 v 36420.
B. 12500 v 32640.
C. 32450 v 38740.
D. 16780 v 27900.
36. Axit X mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim (C3H5O2)n. Gi tr ca n v
cng thc cu to ca X l
A. n = 1, C2H4COOH.
B. n = 2, HOOC[CH2]4COOH.
C. n = 2, CH3CH2CH(COOH)CH2COOH.
D. n = 2, HOOCCH2CH(CH3)CH2COOH.
37. C bao nhiu ng phn l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t C8H10O khng tc dng
c vi Na v NaOH?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
38. Khi nung nng mnh 25,4 gam hn hp gm kim loi M v mt oxit st phn ng xy
ra hon ton th thu c 11,2 gam st v 14,2 gam mt oxit ca kim loi M. M l kim
loi no?
A. Al.
B. Cr.
C. Mn.
D. Zn.
39. trng thi c bn, nguyn t Fe (Z = 26) c s electron c thn l

A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 8.
C. 5.
D. 6.
40. Tng s ng phn ca C3H6ClBr l

A. 3.
B. 4.
41. Cho 6,72 lt (ktc) hai kh c s mol bng nhau gm axetilen v propan li t t qua 0,16
lt dung dch Br2 0,5M (dung mi CCl4) thy dung dch mt mu hon ton, kh i ra khi
bnh chim th tch 5,5 lt o 25oC v 760 mmHg. Khi lng sn phm cng brom l
A. 25,95 gam.
B. 23,25 gam.
C. 17,95 gam.
D. 14,75 gam.
42. C th dng ha cht no di y phn bit 5 l cha cc cht mu en sau: Ag2O,

CuO, FeO, MnO2, (Fe + FeO)?
A. Dung dch HNO3.
B. Dung dch Fe2(SO4)3.
C. Dung dch HCl.
D. Dung dch NaOH.
43. C 3 cht lng l C2H5OH, C6H6, C6H5NH2 v 3 dung dch l NH4HCO3, NaAlO2,
C6H5ONa. Ch dng dung dch cht no di y c th nhn bit c tt c cc cht
trn?
200
A. NaOH.
B. HCl.
C. BaCl2.
Qu tm.
44. Trn b mt ca cc h nc vi hay cc thng nc vi ngoi khng kh thng c

mt lp vng mng. Lp vng ny ch yu l
A. canxi.
B. canxi hiroxit.
C. canxi cacbonat.
D. canxi oxit.
45. Dung dch no di y c th dng nhn bit ba dung dch: NaCl, ZnCl2, AlCl3?
A. NaOH.
B. NH3.
C. HCl.
D. BaCl2.
46. t chy hon ton 3,7 gam cht hu c X cn dng va 3,92 lt O2 (ktc) thu c
CO2 v H2O c t l s mol l 1 : 1. X tc dng vi KOH to ra hai cht hu c. S ng
phn cu to ca X tha mn iu kin trn l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
47. Oxit B c cng thc X2O. Tng s ht c bn (p, n, e) trong B l 92, trong s ht mang
in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 28. B l cht no di y?
A. Na2O.
B. K2O.
C. Cl2O.
D. N2O.
48. Trong cng thc CS2, tng s i electron lp ngoi cng ca C v S cha tham gia lin
kt l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
49. Mt polime m mt mt xch ca n gm cc nguyn t C v cc nguyn t Cl. Polime

ny c h s trng hp l 560 v phn t khi l 35000. Polime c mt xch l
A.
Cl
C.
B.
CH C
C
Cl
Cl
D. khng xc nh
C
Cl
CH2 C
50. Cho hi nc i qua than nng c hn hp kh A gm CO2, CO, H2. Ton b lng
kh A va kh ht 48 gam Fe2O3 thnh Fe v thu c 10,8 gam H2O. Phn trm th
tch CO2 trong hn hp kh A l
A. 28,571%.
B. 14,289%.
C. 13,235%.
D. 13,135%.
201
S 22
1. Ancol X mch h c s nguyn t cacbon bng s nhm chc. Cho 9,3 gam ancol X tc
dng vi Na d thu c 3,36 lt kh. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3OH.
B. CH2OHCHOHCH2OH.
C. CH2OHCH2OH.
D. C2H5OH.
2. Mt bnh kn c th tch V bng 11,2 lt cha 0,5 mol H2 v 0,5 mol Cl2. Chiu nh sng
khuch tn cho 2 kh phn ng vi nhau, sau mt thi gian a bnh v 0oC. Tnh p sut
trong bnh, bit rng c 30% H2 phn ng.
A. 1 atm.
B. 0,7 atm.
C. 2 atm.
D. 1,4 atm.
3. Cho cc cht sau:

C2H5OH (1), CH3COOH (2), HCOOH (3), C6H5OH (4).
Chiu tng dn linh ng ca nguyn t H trong cc nhm chc ca 4 cht l
A. (4), (1), (3), (2).
B. (4), (1), (2), (3).
C. (1), (4), (3), (2).
D. (1), (4), (2), (3).
4. Ch dng dung dch no di y phn bit cc dung dch mt nhn khng mu:
NH4NO3, NaCl, (NH4)2SO4, Mg(NO3)2, FeCl2?
A. BaCl2.
B. NaOH.
C. AgNO3.
D. Ba(OH)2.
5. t chy hon ton m gam mt amin X bng lng khng kh va thu c 17,6 gam
CO2, 12,6 gam H2O v 69,44 lt N2 (ktc). Gi thit khng kh ch gm N2 v O2 trong
oxi chim 20% th tch khng kh. X c cng thc l
A. C2H5NH2.
B. C3H7NH2.
C. CH3NH2.
D. C4H9NH2.
6. Ha tan hon ton hn hp gm Zn v ZnO bng dung dch HNO3 long d. Kt thc th
nghim khng c kh thot ra, dung dch thu c c cha 8 gam NH4NO3 v 113,4 gam
Zn(NO3)2. Phn trm s mol Zn c trong hn hp ban u l bao nhiu?
A. 66,67%.
B. 33,33%.
C. 16,66%.
D. 93,34%.
7. C bao nhiu ng phn c cng cng thc phn t C5H12O khi oxi ha bng CuO (to) to
sn phm c phn ng trng gng?
A. 5.
202
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 2.
8. Bit thnh phn % khi lng P trong tinh th Na2HPO4.nH2O l 8,659%. Tinh th mui
ngm nc c s phn t H2O l
A. 9.
B. 10.
C. 11.
D. 12.
9. C bao nhiu ng phn l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t C7H8O?

A. 5.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 4.
10. Chia 20 gam hn hp X gm Al, Fe, Cu thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tc dng ht
vi dung dch HCl thu c 5,6 lt kh (ktc). Phn 2 cho vo dung dch NaOH d, thu
c 3,36 lt kh (ktc). Phn trm khi lng Cu c trong hn hp X l
A. 17%.
B. 16%.
C. 71%.
D. 32%.
11. t chy hon ton mt ete n chc thu c H 2O v CO2 theo t l s mol 4 : 3. Ete
ny c th c iu ch t ancol no di y bng mt phng trnh ha hc?
A. CH3OH v CH3CH2CH2OH.
B. CH3OH v CH3CH(CH3)OH.
C. CH3OH v CH3CH2OH.
D. C2H5OH v CH3CH2CH2OH.
12. Trong mt bnh kn cha hn hp A gm hirocacbon X v H2 vi Ni. Nung nng bnh

mt thi gian ta thu c mt kh B duy nht. t chy B thu c 8,8 gam CO2 v 5,4
gam H2O. Bit VA = 3VB. Cng thc ca X l
A. C3H4.
B. C3H8.
C. C2H2.
D. C2H4.
13. Ha tan hon ton 2,81 gam hn hp A gm Fe2O3, MgO, ZnO bng 300 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,1M (va ). C cn cn thn dung dch thu c sau phn ng th thu c lng
mui sunfat khan l
A. 5,51 gam.
B. 5,15 gam.
C. 5,21 gam.
D. 5,69 gam.
14. C bao nhiu ng phn cu to c cng thc phn t C4H11N?

A. 8.
B. 7.
C. 6.
D. 5.
15. t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X bng mt lng va oxi. Dn hn hp sn

phm chy qua H2SO4 c th th tch kh gim hn mt na. X thuc dy ng ng
A. ankin.
B. anken.
D. ankaien.
C. ankan.
16. Pht biu no di y khng ng?

A. S khi bng hoc xp x khi lng ca ht nhn nguyn t tnh ra u (vC).
B. S khi l s nguyn?
C. S khi bng tng s ht proton v ntron.
D. S khi k hiu l A.
17. tch kh CO2 ra khi hn hp vi HCl v hi nc c th cho hn hp ln lt i qua
cc bnh
A. NaOH v H2SO4.
B. Na2CO3 v P2O5.
C. H2SO4 v KOH.
D. NaHCO3 v P2O5.
18. Cho s bin ha sau:

+H2
+O2, to
+Fe
A (mi trng thi)

B
E
+D, Br2
+Y hoc Z
+B
X+D
Y+Z
A+G
Trong 6 phn ng trn c bao nhiu phn ng oxi ha - kh?

203
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 6.
19. phn bit ancol etylic nguyn cht v ancol etylic c ln nc, ngi ta thng dng
thuc th l cht no sau y?
A. CuSO4 khan. B. Na kim loi. C. benzen.
D. CuO.
20. CO2 khng chy v khng duy tr s chy ca nhiu cht nn c dng dp tt cc
m chy. Tuy nhin, CO2 khng dng dp tt m chy no di y?
A. m chy do xng, du.
B. m chy nh ca, qun o.
C. m chy do magie hoc nhm.
D. m chy do kh ga.
21. Anken thch hp iu ch 3-etylpentanol-3 bng phn ng hirat ha l
A. 3-etylpenten-2.
B. 3-etylpenten-1.
C. 3-etylpenten-3.
D. 3,3-imetylpenten-2.
22. un nng 3,57 gam hn hp A gm propylclorua v phenylclorua vi dung dch NaOH

long, va , sau thm tip dung dch AgNO3 n d vo hn hp sau phn ng thu
c 2,87 gam kt ta. Khi lng phenylclorua c trong hn hp A l
A. 2,0 gam.
B. 1,57 gam.
C. 1,0 gam.
2,57 gam.
23. Cho cc mnh di y:

a) Cc halogen (F, Cl, Br, I) c s oxi ha t 1 n +7.
b) Flo l cht ch c tnh oxi ha.
c) F2 y c Cl2 ra khi dung dch mui NaCl.
d) Tnh axit ca cc hp cht vi hiro ca cc halogen tng theo th t: HF, HCl, HBr,
HI.
Cc mnh lun ng l
A. a, b, c.
B. b, d.
C. b, c.
D. a, b, d.
24. un nng m1 gam ancol no, n chc A vi H2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c m2
gam cht hu c B. T khi hi ca B so vi A bng 1,4375. Hiu sut ca phn ng t
100%. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. CH3OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH.
D. C4H9OH.
25. Mt nguyn t R to hp cht kh vi hiro l RH3 trong oxit cao nht ca R c 56,34%
oxi v khi lng th R l
A. S.
B. P.
C. N.
D. Cl.
26. Chiu tng dn tnh axit (t tri qua phi) ca 3 axit: C6H5OH (X), CH3COOH (Y), H2CO3
(Z) l
A. X, Y, Z.
B. X, Z, Y.
C. Z, X, Y.
D. Z, Y, X.
27. C bao nhiu trieste ca glixerol cha ng thi 3 gc axit C17H35COOH, C17H33COOH
v C15H31COOH?
A. 5.
204
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1.
28. Cho 24,4 gam hn hp Na2CO3, K2CO3 tc dng va vi dung dch BaCl2. Sau phn
ng thu c 39,4 gam kt ta. Lc tch kt ta, c cn dung dch th thu c bao nhiu
gam mui clorua khan?
A. 2,66 gam.
B. 22,6 gam.
C. 26,6 gam.
D. 6,26 gam.
29. A l hp cht hu c c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh c cng thc phn t C6H10O4,
cho tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH to ra hai ancol n chc c s nguyn t
cacbon gp i nhau. Cng thc cu to ca A l
A. CH3COOCH2CH2COOCH3.
B. CH3CH2OOCCH2OOCCH3.
C. CH3COOCH2CH2OOCCH3.
D. CH3CH2OOCCH2COOCH3.
30. T khi hi ca anehit X so vi H2 bng 29. Bit 2,9 gam X tc dng vi dung dch
AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 10,8 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH2=CHCHO.
B. CH3CH2CHO.
C. OHCCHO.
D. CH2=CHCH2CHO.
31. S ph hy kim loi hoc hp kim do tc dng ca mi trng xung quanh, c gi

chung l
A. s n mn kim loi.
B. s n mn ha hc.
C. s kh kim loi.
D. s n mn in ha.
32. Thi rt chm 2,24 lt (ktc) mt hn hp kh gm CO v H2 qua mt ng s ng hn

hp Al2O3, CuO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 c khi lng l 24 gam d ang c un nng. Sau khi
kt thc phn ng khi lng cht rn cn li trong ng s l
A. 22,4 gam.
B. 11,2 gam.
C. 20,8 gam.
D. 16,8 gam.
33. Tnh cht no sau y khng phi ca CH2=C(CH3)COOH?

A. Tnh axit.
B. Tham gia phn ng cng hp.
C. Tham gia phn ng trng gng.
D. Tham gia phn ng trng hp.
34. Trong 1 cc ng 200 ml dung dch AlCl3 2M. Rt vo cc V ml dung dch NaOH, nng
a M ta thu c mt kt ta, em sy kh v nung n khi lng khng ith c
5,1 gam cht rn. Nu V = 200ml th a c gi tr no sau y?
A. 2,5M hay 3M.
B. 1,5M hay 7,5M.
C. 3,5M hay 0,5M.
D. 1,5M hay 2M.
35. un nng 0,1 mol X vi lng va dung dch NaOH thu c 13,4 gam mui ca axit
hu c a chc B v 9,2 gam ancol n chc C. Cho ton b ancol C bay hi 127oC v
600 mmHg s chim th tch 8,32 lt.
Cng thc phn t ca cht X l
A. CH(COOCH3)3.
B. H3COOCCH2CH2COOCH3.
B. C2H5OOCCOOC2H5.
D. H5C3OOCCOOC3H5.
205
36. in phn mt dung dch cha hn hp gm HCl, CuCl2, NaCl vi in cc tr c mng

ngng. Kt lun no di y l khng ng?
A. Kt thc in phn, pH ca dung dch tng so vi ban u.
B. Th t cc cht b in phn l CuCl2, HCl, (NaCl v H2O).
C. Qu trnh in phn NaCl i km vi s tng pH ca dung dch.
D. Qu trnh in phn HCl i km vi s gim pH ca dung dch.
37. A c CTPT l C4H6O2 v ph hp vi dy bin ha sau:
H 2O
H2
trng hp
B
C
A
cao su Buna.
Ni, t o
xt, t o
S CTCT hp l c th c ca A l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
38. Cho 100 ml dung dch aminoaxit A 0,2M tc dng va vi 80 ml dung dch NaOH
0,25M. Mt khc 100 ml dung dch aminoaxit trn tc dng va vi 80 ml dung dch
HCl 0,5M. Bit A c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 52. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. (H2N)2C2H3COOH.
B. H2NC2H3(COOH)2.
C. (H2N)2C2H2(COOH)2.
D. H2NC3H5(COOH)2.
39. Polietilen c trng hp t etilen. Hi 280 gam polietilen c trng hp t bao nhiu
phn t etilen?
A. 56,02.1023.
B. 106,02.1023.
C. 156,02.1023.
D. Khng xc nh c.
40. Thy phn m gam tinh bt, sn phm thu c em ln men sn xut ancoletylic, ton
b kh CO2 sinh ra cho qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 750 gam kt ta. Nu hiu
sut mi qu trnh l 80% th gi tr m l
A. 949,2 gam.
B. 945,0 gam.
C. 950,5 gam.
D. 1000 gam.
41. Cho phn ng thun nghch:

N2 + 3H2
2NH3.
Tc phn ng thay i th no khi tng th tch bnh phn ng ln 2 ln (nhit bnh

khng thay i)?
A. Tng ln 4 ln.
B. Gim xung 4 ln.
C. Tng ln 16 ln.
D. Gim xung 16 ln.
42. 17,7 gam mt ankyl amin cho tc dng vi dung dch FeCl3 d thu c 10,7 gam kt ta.
Cng thc ca ankyl amin l
A. CH5N.
B. C4H9NH2.
C. C3H9N.
D. C2H5NH2.
43. Dung dch AlCl3 trong nc b thy phn nu thm vo dung dch cc cht sau y, cht
no lm tng cng qu trnh thy phn ca AlCl3?
A. NH4Cl.
B. Na2CO3.
C. ZnSO4.
D. Khng c cht no c.
44. S dng gi thit sau tr li cu hi 44 v 45?
206
Chia 2,29 gam hn hp 3 kim loi: Zn, Mg, Al thnh 2 phn bng nhau: Phn 1 ha tan
hon ton trong dng dch HCl gii phng 1,456 lt H2 (ktc) v to ra m gam hn hp
mui clorua; Phn 2 b oxi ha hon ton thu c m gam hn hp 3 oxit.
Khi lng m c gi tr l
A. 4,42 gam.
B. 3,355 gam.
C. 2,21 gam.
D. 5,76 gam.
C. 3,225 gam.
D. 4,15 gam.
45. Khi lng m c gi tr l

A. 2,185 gam.
B. 4,37 gam.
46. T l s phn t HNO3 ng vai tr l cht oxi ha v mi trng trong phn ng:
FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O
l bao nhiu?
A. 1 : 3.
B. 1 : 10.
C. 1 : 9.
D. 1 : 2.
47. Khi t chy ng ng ca ru n chc ta thy t l s mol CO2 v nc tng dn theo

s cacbon. Ru trn thuc dy ng ng
A. ru thm.
B. ru no.
C. ru khng no.
D. khng xc nh c.
48. thu c 6,72 lt O2 (ktc) cn phi nhit phn hon ton bao nhiu gam tinh th
KClO3.5H2O (khi c MnO2 xc tc)?
A. 21,25 gam.
B. 42,50 gam.
C. 63,75 gam.
D. 85,0 gam.
49. Trong bnh kn dung tch khng i cha y khng kh 25 oC v 2 atm. Bt tia la in
phn ng xy ra.
N2 + O2
2NO.
p sut p v khi lng mol phn t trung bnh ca hn hp sau phn ng 25 oC l M

s c gi tr
A. p = 2 atm, M = 29 g/mol.
B. p = 2 atm, M > 29 g/mol.
C. p = 2 atm, M < 29 g/mol.
B. p = 1 atm, M = 29 g/mol.
50. Sc t t 2,24 lt SO2 (ktct) vo 100 ml dung dch NaOH 3M. Cc cht c trong dung
dch sau phn ng l
A. Na2SO3, NaOH, H2O.
B. NaHSO3, H2O.
C. Na2SO3, H2O.
D. Na2SO3, NaHSO3, H2O.
207
S 23
1. Ion HS c tnh cht
A. axit.
B. trung tnh.
C. lng tnh.
D. baz.
C. lng tnh.
D. baz.
2. Ion Al(H2O)3+ c tnh cht

A. axit.
B. trung tnh.
3. Mui axit l
A. mui c kh nng phn ng vi baz.
B. mui vn cn hiro trong phn t.
C. mui to bi baz yu v axit mnh.
D. mui vn cn hiro c kh nng thay th bi kim loi.
4. Ha tan hon ton 10 gam hn hp hai mui XCO3 v Y2(CO3)3 bng dung dch HCl ta
thu c dung dch A v 0,672 lt kh bay ra ktc. C cn dung dch A th thu c m
gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,033 gam.
B. 10,33 gam.
C. 9,265 gam.
D. 92,65 gam.
5. Magie c th chy trong kh cacbonioxit to ra mt cht bt X mu en. Cng thc ha

hc ca X l
A. Mg2C.
B. MgO.
C. Mg(OH)2.
D. C (cacbon).
6. Cho 3,78 gam bt Al phn ng va vi dung dch mui XCl3 to thnh dung dch Y.
Khi lng cht tan trong dung dch Y gim 1,06 gam so vi dung dch XCl3. Cng thc
ca mui XCl3 l
A. AuCl3.
B. CrCl3.
C. NiCl3.
D. FeCl3.
7. Nung 100 gam hn hp gm Na2CO3 v NaHCO3 cho n khi khi lng hn hp khng
i c 69 gam cht rn. Phn trm khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp ln lt l
A. 74% v 26%. B. 84% v 16%. C. 26% v 74%. D. 16% v 84%.
8. Trong mt cc nc cng cha a mol Ca2+, b mol Mg2+ v c mol HCO3. Nu ch dng
nc vi trong, nng d Ca(OH)2 pM lm gim cng ca cc th ngi ta thy khi
208
thm V lt nc vi trong vo cc, cng trong cc l nh nht. Biu thc tnh V theo a,
b, p l
A.
a 2b
.
p
B.
ab
.
p
C.
2a b
.
p
D.
ab
.
2p
9. in phn nng chy hon ton 1,9 gam mui clorua ca mt kim loi ha tr (II) thu
c 0,48 kim loi catot. Kim loi cho l
A. Zn.
B. Mg.
C. Ca.
D. Ba.
10. in phn hon ton mt lt dung dch AgNO3 vi hai in cc tr thu c mt dung
dch c pH = 2. Xem th tch dung dch khng thay i th lng bm catot l
A. 0,216 gam.
B. 0,108 gam.
C. 0,54 gam.
D. 1,08 gam.
11. Ni cc phn ng nhit phn u l phn ng oxi ha - kh l

A. ng.
B. ng nu phn ng c thay i s oxi ha.
C. sai.
D. c th th ng.
12. Trong phn ng oxi ha - kh H2O c th ng vai tr l

A. cht kh.
B. cht oxi ha. C. mi trng.
D. c A, B, C.
13. H2O2 l cht c th cho, c th nhn in t v trong oxi c

A. mc oxi ha trung gian.
B. mc oxi ha 1.
C. ha tr (II).
D. ha tr (I).
14. Trong phng trnh:

Cu2S + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O,
h s ca HNO3 l
A. 18.
B. 22.
C. 12.
D. 10.
15. Trn 50 ml dung dch HCl 0,104M so vi 50 ml dung dch Ag2SO4 0,125M s thu c
lng kt ta l
A. 0,7624 gam. B. 0,7426 gam. C. 0,7175.
D. 0,7462.
16. Trn 50 ml dung dch BaCl2 2,08% (d = 1,15 g/ml) vi 75 ml dung dch Ag2SO4 0,05M s
thu c lng kt ta l
A. 2,29 gam.
B. 2,1577 gam. C. 1,775 gam.
D. 1,95 gam.
17. trung ha ht 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,15M v KOH 0,25M th th tch dung dch
HClO4 10,05% (d = 1,1 g/ml) cn dng l
A. 100 ml.
B. 72 ml.
C. 50 ml.
D. 25 ml.
18. Cho 4,9 gam hn hp A gm K2SO4, Na2SO4 vo 100 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,5M c
6,99 gam kt ta trng. Phn trm khi lng K2SO4 trong A l
A. 71,0204%.
B. 69,0124%.
C. 35,5102%.
D. 28,9796%.
19. Ha tan a gam M2(CO3)n bng lng va dung dch H2SO4 10% c dung dch mui
15,09%. Cng thc mui l
A. FeCO3.
B. MgCO3.
C. CuCO3.
D. CaCO3.
20. Sc ht 1,568 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,16M. Sau th nghim c
dung dch A. Rt 250 ml dung dch B gm BaCl2 0,16M v Ba(OH)2 xM vo dung dch A
c 3,94 gam kt ta v dung dch C. Nng xM ca Ba(OH)2 bng
209
A. 0,02M.
B. 0,025M.
C. 0,03M.
D. 0,015M.
21. Khi lng hn hp A gm K2O v BaO (t l s mol 2 : 3) cn dng trung ha ht 1,5

lt dung dch hn hp B gm HCl 0,005M v H2SO4 0,0025M l
A. 0,0489 gam. B. 0,9705 gam. C. 0,7783 gam. D. 0,1604 gam.
22. in li ca mt cht in li ph thuc
A. nng v nhit .
B. bn cht cht in li.
C. bn cht dung mi.
D. c A, B, C.
23. Cht in li mnh l

A. cht in li 100%.
B. cht in li hu nh hon ton.
C. cht in phn.
D. cht khng b thy phn.
24. X, Y l hai axit cacboxylic n chc.

Trn 1,2 gam X vi 5,18 gam Y c hn hp Z. trung ha ht Z cn 90 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M.
Trn 7,8 gam X vi 1,48 gam Y c hn hp Z. trung ha ht Z cn 77 ml dung
dch NaOH 2M.
Tm cng thc tng ng ca X, Y.
A. CH3 COOH v C3H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
25. pH c trng cho

A. tnh axit ca dung dch.
B. tnh axit - baz ca cc cht.
C. tnh axit, tnh baz ca dung dch.
D. nng ion H3O+ ca dung dch.
26. t chy ht m gam mt axit no, n chc, mch h c (m + 2,8) gam CO2 v (m
2,4) gam nc. Axit ny l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5 COOH. D. C3H7 COOH.
27. t chy 7,3 gam mt axit no, mch h c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,25 mol H2O cho cng
thc phn t
A. CH3COOH.
B. COOHCOOH.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. C4H8(COOH)2.
28. Ha hi hon ton mt axit hu co A c mt th tch hi bng th tch hiro thu c khi
cng cho lng axit nh trn tc dng ht vi natri (o cng iu kin). Mt khc trung
ha 9 gam A cn 100 gam dung dch NaOH 8%. A l
A. CH3COOH.
B. HOOCCOOH.
C. CH2(COOH)2.
D. C3H7COOH.
29. t chy 14,4 gam cht hu c A c 28,6 gam CO2; 4,5 gam H2O v 5,3 gam Na2CO3.
Bit phn t A cha 2 nguyn t oxi. A c cng thc phn t
A. C3H5O2Na.
210
B. C4H7O2Na.
C. C4H5O2Na.
D. C7H5O2Na.
30. Du n l hn hp cc triglixerit. C bao nhiu loi triglixerit trong mt mu du n m

thnh phn phn t gm glixerin kt hp vi hai axit C17H35COOH v C17H34COOH?
A. 6 triglixerit.
B. 9 triglixerit.
C. 12 triglixerit. D. 18 triglixerit.
31. Hp cht hu c X cha mt loi nhm chc, c cng thc phn t C6H10O4. Khi thy
phn X trong NaOH thu c mt mui v hai ru c s cacbon gp i nhau. X c cu
to
A. HOOCCH2CH2CH2CH2COOH.
B. CH3OOCCH2COOC2H5.
C. HOOCCH2CH2CH2COOCH3.
D. C2H5COOCH2CH2COOH.
32. Thy phn hon ton 4,4 gam este n chc E bng 22,75 ml dung dch NaOH 10% (d =
1,1 g/ml). Bit lng NaOH ny d 25% so vi l thuyt. E l
A. este cha no. B. C4H8O2.
C. C5H8O2.
D. C4H6O2.
33. X l mt aminoaxit no ch cha mt nhm NH2 v mt nhm COOH. Cho 0,89 gam X
tc dng vi HCl va to ra 1,255 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. H2NCH2COOH.
B. CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
C. CH3CH(NH2)CH2COOH. D. C3H7CH(NH2)COOH.
34. X l mt -aminoaxit no ch cha mt nhm NH2 v mt nhm COOH. Cho 15,1 gam
X tc dng vi HCl d thu c 18,75 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. H2NCH2COOH.
B. CH3CH(NH2)CH2COOH.
C. C3H7CH(NH2)COOH.
D. C6H5CH(NH2)COOH.
35. Dng lng trng trng g lm trong mi trng (aga, nc ng), ta ng dng tnh
cht no sau y?
A. Tnh baz ca protit.
B. Tnh axit ca protit.
C. Tnh lng tnh ca protit.
D. Tnh ng t nhit cao v ng t khng thun nghch ca abumin.
36. Tm nh ngha ng v nhm chc?
A. L cc hp cht hu c c nhng tnh cht ha hc nht nh.
B. L cc nhm OH, COOH, CHO.
C. L nhm cc nguyn t gy ra cc phn ng ha hc c trng cho mt hp cht
hu c.
D. L nhm cc cht hu c quyt nh tnh cht c trng cho hp cht .
37. Ru etylic c nhit si cao hn hn so vi cc anehit v dn xut halogen c khi
lng phn t xp x vi n v
A. trong cc hp cht nu, ch c ru etylic cho phn ng vi natri.
B. trong cc hp cht nu, ch c ru etylic to c lin kt hiro vi nc.
C. trong cc hp cht nu, ch c ru etylic c kh nng loi nc to olefin.
D. trong cc hp cht nu, ch c ru etylic c lin kt hiro lin phn t.
38. t chy hon ton 1 mol ru no, mch h A cn 2,5 mol kh oxi. A l
A. CH3OH.
B. C2H4(OH)2.
C. C2H5OH.
D. C3H7OH.
211
39. Benzen khng phn ng vi Br2 trong dung dch nhng phenol li lm mt mu dung dch
brom nhanh chng v
A. phenol c tnh axit.
B. tnh axit ca phenol yu hn c axit cacbonic.
C. do nh hng ca nhm OH, cc v tr ortho v para trong phenol giu in tch
m, to iu kin d dng cho tc nhn Br+ tn cng.
D. phenol khng phi l mt dung mi hu c tt hn nh benzen.
40. S d anilin c tnh baz yu hn NH3 l do
A. nhm NH2 cn mt cp electron cha lin kt.
B. phn t khi ca anilin ln hn so vi NH3.
C. nhm NH2 c tc dng y electron v pha vng benzen lm gim mt
electron ca N.
D. gc phenyl c nh hng lm gim mt electron ca nguyn t N.
41. Chn cu sai trong s cc cu sau y?
A. Etylamin d tan trong nc do c lin kt hiro.
B. Tnh cht ha hc ca etylamin l phn ng to mui vi baz mnh.
C. Etylamin tan trong nc to dung dch c kh nng sinh ra kt ta vi dung dch
FeCl3.
D. Etylamin c tnh baz do nguyn t nit cn cp electron cha lin kt c kh
nng nhn proton.
42. Cng thc ca amin cha 15,05% khi lng nit l
A. C2H5NH2.
B. (CH3)2NH.
C. C6H5NH2.
D. (CH3)3N.
43. Cho 20 gam hn hp gm 3 amin no, n chc, ng ng k tip nhau tc dng va

vi dung dch HCl 1M ri c cn dung dch th thu c 31,68 gam hn hp mui. Th
tch dung dch HCl dng l
A. 100 ml.
B. 50 ml.
C. 200 ml.
D. 320 ml.
44. Cho 20 gam hn hp gm 3 amin no, n chc, ng ng k tip nhau tc dng va

vi dung dch HCl 1M ri c cn dung dch th thu c 31,68 gam hn hp mui. Nu
trn 3 amin trn theo t l mol (v th t phn t khi tng dn) = 1 : 10 : 5 th cng thc
phn t ca 3 amin l
A. CH3NH2, C2H5NH2, C3H7NH2. B. C2H7N, C3H9N, C4H11N.
C. C3H9N, C4H11N, C5H14N.
D. C3H7N, C4H9N, C5H11N.
45. t chy hon ton 6,2 gam mt amin no, n chc phi dng ht 10,08 lt kh oxi (ktc).
Cng thc ca amin l
A. C2H5NH2.
B. CH3NH2.
C. C4H9NH2.
D. C3H7NH2.
46. iu no sau y lun ng?

A. Cng thc tng qut ca mt anehit no mch h bt k l CnH2n+22kOk (k l s
nhm CHO).
B. Mt anehit n chc, mch h bt k chy cho s mol H2O nh hn s mol CO2
phi l anehit no.
212
C. Bt c anehit n chc no khi tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 cng

u to ra s mol Ag gp i s mol anehit dng.
D. Ch c anehit no c 2 nhm chc cacbonyl tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong
NH3 d mi to ra s mol Ag gp 4 ln s mol anehit dng.
47. t chy a mol anehit A to ra 2a mol CO2. Mt khc a mol A tc dng vi lng d
dung dch AgNO3/NH3 to ra 4a mol Ag. A l
A. anehit cha no.
B. HCHO.
C. CHOCHO.
D. CH2=CHCHO.
48. Cng thc n gin nht ca anehit A cha no, mch h cha mt lin kt ba trong phn
t l C2HO. A c cng thc phn t l
A. C2HO.
B. C6H3O3.
C. C8H4O4.
D. C4H2O2.
49. Trung ha a mol axit hu c A cn 2a mol NaOH. t chy ht a mol axit A c 2a mol
CO2. A l
A. axit no n chc.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HOOCCOOH.
D. COOHCH2COOH.
50. Trung ha hon ton 1,8 gam mt axit hu c n chc bng dung dch NaOH va ri
c cn dung dch sau phn ng c 2,46 gam mui khan. Axit ni trn l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH2=CHCOOH.
D. C2H5COOH.
S 24
1. Kt lun no biu th ng v kch thc ca nguyn t v ion?
A. Na < Na+, F > F.
B. Na < Na+, F < F.
C. Na > Na+, F > F.
D. Na > Na+, F < F.
2. Cho 0,54 gam Al vo 40 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, sau phn ng hon ton thu c dung
dch X. Cho t t dung dch HCl 0,5M vo dung dch X thu c kt ta. thu c
lng kt ta ln nht cn th tch dung dch HCl 0,5M l
A. 110 ml.
B. 90 ml.
C. 70 ml.
D. 80 ml.
3. Mi cht v ion trong dy no sau va c tnh kh, va c tnh oxi ho?

A. SO2, S, Fe3+.
C. SO2, Fe2+, S, Cl2.
B. Fe2+, Fe, Ca, KMnO4.

D. SO2, S, Fe2+, F2.
4. Kim loi nhm b oxi ho trong dung dch kim (dung dch NaOH). Trong qu trnh
cht oxi ho l
A. Al.
B. H2O.
C. NaOH.
D. H2O v NaOH.
213
5. Mi phn t v ion trong dy no sau va c tnh axit, va c tnh baz?

A. HSO4, ZnO, Al2O3, HCO3, H2O, CaO.
B. NH4+, HCO3, CH3COO.
C. ZnO, Al2O3, HCO3, H2O.
D. HCO3, Al2O3, Al3+, BaO.
6. Dung dch Y cha Ca2+ 0,1 mol, Mg2+ 0,3 mol, Cl 0,4 mol, HCO3 y mol. Khi c cn
dung dch Y ta thu c mui khan c khi lng l
A. 37,4 gam.
B. 49,8 gam.
C. 25,4 gam.
D. 30,5 gam.
7. Mi cht trong dy no sau ch phn ng vi dung dch axit sunfuric c, nng m khng
phn ng vi dung dch axit sunfuric long?
A. Al, Fe, FeS2, CuO.
B. Cu, S.
C. Al, Fe, FeS2, Cu.
D. S, BaCl2.
8. Cho s phn ng:

HNO3
t
H 2O
HCl
NaOH
X
T + H2O,
dd X
Y
Kh X
Z
o
trong X l
A. NH3.
B. CO2.
C. SO2.
D. NO2.
9. Cho 8 gam canxi tan hon ton trong 200 ml dung dch hn hp HCl 2M v H2SO4 0,75M
thu c kh H2 v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X thu c lng mui khan l
A. 22,2 gam.
B. 25,95 gam.
C. 22,2 gam m 25,95 gam.
D. 22,2gam m 27,2gam.
10. Cho 1,04 gam hn hp 2 kim loi tan hon ton trong H2SO4 long d thy c 0,672 lt
kh thot ra iu kin tiu chun. Khi lng hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c l
A. 3,92 gam.
B. 1,68 gam.
C. 0,46 gam.
D. 2,08 gam.
11. lm sch mui n c ln tp cht CaCl2, MgCl2, BaCl2 cn dng 2 ho cht l

A. dd Na2CO3, dd HCl.
B. dd NaOH, dd H2SO4.
C. dd Na2SO4, dd HCl.
D. dd AgNO3, dd NaOH.
12. phn bit 3 dung dch NaOH, HCl, H2SO4 ch cn dng mt thuc th l
A. Na2CO3.
B. Al.
C. BaCO3.
D. qu tm.
13. Mt dung dch hn hp cha a mol NaAlO2 v a mol NaOH tc dng vi mt dung dch
cha b mol HCl. iu kin thu c kt ta sau phn ng l
A. a = b.
B. a = 2b.
C. b = 5a.
D. a < b < 5a.
14. Cho 11,1 gam hn hp hai mui sunft trung ho ca 2 kim loi kim hai chu k lin tip
tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt kh SO2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l
A. Li, Na.
B. Na, K.
C. K, Cs.
D. Na, Cs.
15. Khi phn ng vi Fe2+ trong mi trng axit, l do no sau y khin MnO4 mt mu?
A. MnO4 to phc vi Fe2+.
B. MnO4 b kh cho ti Mn2+ khng mu.
C. MnO4- b oxi ho.
214
D. MnO4 khng mu trong dung dch axit.

16. Cho mt gam bt st tip xc vi oxi mt thi gian thu c 1,24 gam hn hp Fe2O3 v
Fe d. Lng Fe d l
A. 0,036 gam.
B. 0,44 gam.
C. 0,87 gam.
D. 1,62 gam.
17. kh hon ton 6,4 gam mt oxt kim loi cn 0,12 mol kh H2. Mt khc ly lng kim
loi to thnh cho tan hon ton trong dung dch H2SO4 long th thu c 0,08 mol H2.
Cng thc oxit kim loi l
A. CuO.
B. Al2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
D. Fe2O3.
18. t chy hon ton 8,8 gam FeS v 12 gam FeS2 thu c kh. Cho kh ny sc vo V ml
dung dch NaOH 25% (d=1,28 g/ml) c mui trung ha. Gi tr ti thiu ca V l
A. 50 ml.
B. 75 ml.
C. 100 ml.
D. 120 ml.
19. Dung dch X cha NaOH 0,2M v Ca(OH)2 0,1M. Sc 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 1 lt
dung dch X th khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 15 gam.
B. 5 gam.
C. 10 gam.
D. 0 gam.
20. Cho cc phn ng:

C6H5NH3Cl + (CH3)2NH (CH3)2NH2Cl + C6H5NH2
(I)
(CH3)2NH2Cl + NH3 NH4Cl + (CH3)2NH
(II)
Trong phn ng t xy ra l
A. (I).
B. (II).
C. (I), (II).
D. khng c.
21. Cho a mol Cu kim loi tan hon ton trong 120 ml dung dch X gm HNO3 1M v H2SO4
0,5M (long) thu c V lt kh NO duy nht (ktc). Tnh V?
A. 14,933a lt.
B. 12,32a lt.
C. 18,02a lt.
D. kt qu khc.
22. Ho tan ht m gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 bng HNO3 c, nng thu c
4,48 lt kh NO2 (ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng c 145,2 gam mui khan. Gi
tr ca m l
A. 35,7 gam.
B. 46,4 gam.
C. 15,8 gam.
D. 77,7 gam.
23. S ng phn c cng thc phn t C4H10O l

A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
24. Hai anken c cng thc phn t C3H6 v C4H8 khi phn ng vi HBr thu c 3 sn
phm, vy 2 anken l
A. xiclopropan v but-1-en.
B. propen v but-1-en.
C. propen v but-2-en.
D. propen v metyl propen.
25. un nng mt ru X vi H2SO4 c lm xc tc nhit thch hp thu c mt olefin

duy nht. Cng thc tng qut ca X l (vi n > 0, nguyn)
A. CnH2n+1OH.
B. ROH.
C. CnH2n+1CH2OH.
D. CnH2n+2O.
26. un nng hn hp etanol v propanol-2 vi axit oxalic c xc tc H2SO4 m c c th

thu c ti a bao nhiu este hu c a chc?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
27. Khi t chy mt ru n chc (X) thu c CO2 v hi nc theo t l th tch

VCO2 : VH2O 4 : 5. Cng thc phn t ca X l
215
A. C4H10O2.
B. C3H6O.
C. C4H10O.
D. C5H12O.
28. Cng thc n gin nht ca anehit no, mch h X l C2H3O. X c cng thc phn t l
A. C2H3O.
B. C4H6O2.
C. C8H12O4.
D. C12H18O6.

Cl2 , 500 C
CuO, t
NaOH
Propilen
Y
X
propenal.
o
Tn gi ca Y l
A. propanol.
B. propenol.
C. axeton.
D. axit propionic.
30. Trong phn ng este ho gia ru v axit hu c, yu t khng lm cn bng ca phn

ng este ho chuyn dch theo chiu thun l
A. cho ru d hay axit d.
B. dng cht ht nc tch nc.
C. chng ct ngay tch este ra. D. s dng axit mnh lm xc tc.

31. Cho cht Y (C4H6O2) tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c 2 sn phm u c kh nng
phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca Y l
A. CH3COOCH=CH2.
B. HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
C. HCOOCH=CHCH3.
D. HCOOC(CH3)=CH2.
32. t chy hp cht hu c X thu c CO2 v H2O. Khi lng phn t ca X l 74 vC.
X tc dng c vi Na, dung dch NaOH, dung dch AgNO3/NH3. Cng thc phn t ca
X l
A. C4H10O.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C2H2O3.
D. C6H6.
33. Cho s bin ho (gi s cc phn ng u hon ton):

NaOH , t
H 2 , Ni, t
HCl
Triolein
X2.
X
X1
o
Tn ca X2 l
A. axit oleic.
B. axit panmitic. C. axit stearic.
D. axit linoleic.
34. Cho phn ng:

CH2CH2Br
+ NaOH (long)
H2O
to
Y + NaBr
Br
Cng thc cu to ca Y l:
CH2CH2OH
A.
B.
Br
CH2CH2OH
D.
ONa
216
CH2CH2Br
CH2CH2OH
C.
OH
OH
35. 1 mol aminoaxit Y tc dng va vi 1 mol HCl. 0,5 mol Y tc dng va vi 1 mol
NaOH. Phn t khi ca Y l 147 vC. Cng thc phn t ca Y l
A. C5H9NO4.
B. C4H7N2O4.
C. C5H7NO4.
D. C7H10O4N2.
36. Tnh cht c trng ca saccaroz l

1. tham gia phn ng hiro ho;
2. cht rn kt tinh, khng mu;
3. khi thu phn to ra glucoz v fructoz;
4. tham gia phn ng trng gng;
5. phn ng vi ng (II) hiroxit.
Nhng tnh cht no ng?
A. 3, 4, 5.
B. 1, 2, 3, 5.
C. 1, 2, 3, 4.
D. 2, 3, 5.
37. Fructoz khng phn ng vi cht no sau y?

A. Dung dch Br2.
B. H2 / Ni, to.
C. Cu(OH)2 trong dung dch NaOH.
D. Dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3.
38. Khi clo ho PVC thu c mt loi t clorin cha 66,6% clo theo khi lng. S mt xch
trung bnh ca PVC tc dng vi mt phn t clo l
A. 1, 5.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 2,5.
39. Chn phn ng sai?

A. Phenol + dung dch brom Axit picric + axit bromhiric.
t
B. Ru benzylic + ng (II) oxit
Anehit benzoic + ng + nc.
o
t
C. Propanol-2 + ng (II) oxit
Axeton + ng + nc.
o
D. Etilen glycol + ng (II) hiroxit Dung dch mu xanh thm + nc.

40. t chy hon ton 2,6 gam hn hp (X) gm 2 anehit no, mch h c cng s nguyn
t ccbon trong phn t thu c 0,12 mol CO2 v 0,1 mol H2O. Cng thc phn t ca 2
anehit l
A. C4H8O, C4H6O2.
B. C3H6O, C3H4O2.
C. C5H10O, C5H8O2.
D. C4H6O2, C4H4O3.
41. nhn bit 3 l mt nhn: phenol, stiren, ru benzylic, ngi ta dng mt thuc th
duy nht l
A. natri.
B. nc brom.
C. dd NaOH.
D. Ca(OH)2.
42. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h c 0,4
mol CO2. Mt khc hiro ho hon ton cng lng hn hp X trn cn 0,2 mol H2 thu
c hn hp hai ru. t chy hon ton lng hn hp hai ru trn th s mol H2O
thu c l
A. 0,4 mol.
B. 0,6 mol.
C. 0,8 mol.
D. 0,3 mol.
217
43. t chy hon ton hn hp gm 1 ankan v 1 anken. Cho sn phm chy ln lt i qua
bnh 1 ng P2O5 d v bnh 2 ng KOH rn, d, sau th nghim thy khi lng bnh 1
tng 4,14 gam bnh 2 tng 6,16 gam. S mol ankan c trong hn hp l
A. 0,06 mol.
B. 0,09 mol.
C. 0,03 mol.
D. 0,045 mol.
44. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp 2 ru ng ng lin tip thu c 0,66 gam CO2 v
0,45 gam H2O. Nu tin hnh oxi ha m gam hn hp ru trn bng CuO, sn phm to
thnh cho tc dng vi AgNO3 / NH3 d s thu c lng kt ta Ag l
A. 10,8 gam.
B. 3,24 gam.
C. 2,16 gam.
D. 1,62 gam.
45. Kt lun no sau y khng ng?

A. Cc thit b my mc bng kim loi tip xc vi hi nc nhit cao c kh
nng b n mn ho hc.
B. p tm km vo mn tu thu lm bng thp (phn ngm di nc) th v tu
thu c bo v.
C. vt bng thp ra ngoi khng kh m th vt b n mn in ho.
D. hp lm bng st ty (st trng thic) b xy xt, trong khng kh m b n
mn in ho th thic s b n mn trc.
46. lm sch CO2 b ln tp kh HCl v hi nc th cho hn hp ln lt i qua cc bnh
ng (lng d)
A. dd NaOH v dd H2SO4.
B. dd Na2CO3 v P2O5.
C. dd H2SO4 v dd KOH.
D. dd NaHCO3 v P2O5.
47. kh hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp Y (gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3) th cn 0,05 mol H2. Mt
khc ho tan hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp Y trong dung dch H2SO4 c th thu c th
tch kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht) iu kin tiu chun l
A. 224 ml.
B. 448 ml.
C. 336 ml.
D. 112 ml.
48. t chy hon ton 5,8 gam mt axit cacboxylic mch thng thu c 0,2 mol CO 2 v
0,1mol H2O. Cng thc phn t ca axit l
A. C2H4O2.
B. C3H4O4.
C. C4H4O4.
D. C6H6O6.
49. Mi ankan c cng thc trong dy sau s tn ti mt ng phn tc dng vi clo theo t l
1 : 1 to ra monocloroankan duy nht?
A. C2H6; C3H8; C4H10; C6H14.
B. C2H6; C5H12; C8H18.
C. C3H8; C6H14; C4H10.
D. C2H6; C5H12; C6H14.
Br2
NaOH
CuO
Cu(OH)2 2NaOH
C2H4
X1
X2
X3
X4
H2SO4
HOOCCOOH
X3, X4 ln lt l
A. OHCCH2OH, NaOOCCH2OH.
B. OHCCHO, CuC2O4.
C. OHCCHO, NaOOCCOONa.
D. HOCH2CH2OH, OHCCHO.
S 25
218
1. Mt nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron v electron l 155 ht trong s ht mang

in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 33. Nguyn t c s proton, ntron tng
ng l
A. 47 v 61.
B. 35 v 45.
C. 26 v 30.
D. 20 v 20.
2. Nguyn t X c phn lp ngoi cng trong cu hnh eletron l 4s1. in tch ht nhn ca
nguyn t X l
A. 19.
B. 24.
C. 29.
D. A, B, C u ng.
3. Ha tan hn hp X gm Al v Fe vo dung dch HNO3 d sau phn ng hon ton thu

c dung dch A v 4,44 gam hn hp kh Y c th tch 2,688 lt ( ktc) gm hai kh
khng mu, trong c mt kh t ha nu ngoi khng kh. S mol hn hp X l
A. 0,32 mol.
B. 0,22 mol.
C. 0,45 mol.
D. 0,12 mol.
4. Trong cc oxit FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 nhng cht c kh nng tc dng vi H2SO4 c nng
c kh SO2 bay ra l
A. ch c FeO v Fe3O4.
B. ch c Fe3O4.
C. ch c FeO.
D. ch c FeO v Fe2O3.
5. Th tch dung dch KOH 0,001M cn ly pha vo nc c 1,5 lt dung dch c pH

= 9 l
A. 30 ml.
B. 25 ml.
C. 20 ml.
D. 15 ml.
6. Dung dch A cha cc ion SO42; 0,2 mol Ca2+; 0,1 mol NH4+ v 0,2 mol NO3. Tng khi
lng cc mui khan c trong dung dch A l
A. 36,2 gam.
B. 36,6 gam.
C. 36,3 gam.
D. 36,4 gam.
7. Dung dch nc clo c tnh ty mu, st trng l do

A. clo tc dng vi nc to ra HClO c tnh oxi ha mnh.
B. clo c tnh oxi ha mnh.
C. clo tc dng vi nc to ra HCl c tnh axit mnh.
D. lin kt gia 2 nguyn t clo trong phn t l lin kt yu.
8. Khi oxi ha 11,2 lt NH3 ( ktc) iu ch HNO3 vi hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 80%
th thu c khi lng dung dch HNO3 6,3% l
A. 300 gam.
B. 500 gam.
C. 250 gam.
D. 400 gam.
9. Mt thanh Zn ang tc dng vi dung dch HCl, nu cho thm vi git dung dch CuSO4
vo th
A. lng bt kh H2 bay ra vi tc khng i.
B. lng bt kh H2 bay ra chm hn.
C. bt kh H2 ngng bay ra.
D. lng bt kh H2 bay ra nhanh hn.
10. Tnh oxi ha ca cc ion kim loi: Fe3+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ag+ bin i theo quy lut
no sau y?
A. Fe3+ > Fe2+ > Mg2+ > Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Ag+.
B. Ag+ > Fe3+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+ > Zn2+ > Mg2+.
C. Mg2+ > Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Ag+ > Fe3+ > Fe2+.
219
D. Fe3+ > Ag+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+ > Zn2 > Mg2+.
11. Cho a gam Na ha tan ht vo 86,8 gam dung dch c cha 13,35 gam AlCl3, sau phn
ng hon ton thu c m gam dung dch X v 3,36 lt kh H2 ( 0oC, 2atm). Hy chn
cu tr li ng trong cc cu sau:
A. m = 100,6 gam v dung dch X c 3 cht tan.
B. m = 100,6 gam v dung dch X c 2 cht tan.
C. m = 100 gam v dung dch X c 3 cht tan.
D. m = 100 gam v dung dch X c 2 cht tan.
12. Nc t nhin thng c ln lng nh cc mui Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2, Ca(HCO3)2,
Mg(HCO3)2. C th dng mt ha cht no sau y loi ht cc cation trong mu nc
trn?
A. NaOH.
B. K2SO4.
C. NaHCO3.
D. Na2CO3.
13. S phng trnh ha hc ti thiu cn dng iu ch K kim loi t dung dch K2CO3 l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
14. Nung 8,4 gam Fe trong khng kh sau phn ng thu c m gam cht rn X gm Fe,
Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO. Ha tan ht m gam X vo dung dch HNO3 d thu c 2,24 lt kh
NO2 ( ktc) l sn phm kh duy nht. Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,2 gam.
B. 10,2 gam.
C. 7,2 gam.
D. 6,9 gam.
15. Nguyn liu ch yu c dng sn xut Al trong cng nghip l

A. qung olomit
B. qung mahetit.
C. t st.
D. qung boxit.
16. Cho 200 ml dung dch AlCl3 0,5M tc dng vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M c dung
dch X. Trong dung dch X cha cc cht tan
A. NaAlO2, NaCl, NaOH.
B. NaAlO2, AlCl3.
C. NaAlO2, NaCl.
D. AlCl3, AlCl3.
17. Ha tan ht 5,6 gam Fe bng mt lng va dung dch HNO3 c nng thu c V lt
NO2 l sn phm kh duy nht (ti ktc). V nhn gi tr nh nht l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
18. Fe(NO3)2 l sn phm ca phn ng

A. FeO + dd HNO3.
B. dd FeSO4 + dd Ba(NO3)2.
C. Ag + dd Fe(NO3)3.
D. A hoc B u ng.
19. Dung dch A cha 0,01 mol Fe(NO3)3 v 0,13 mol HCl c kh nng ha tan ti a bao
nhiu gam Cu kim loi? (bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht)
A. 2,88 gam.
B. 3,92 gam.
C. 3,2 gam.
D. 5,12 gam.
20. Khi cho C6H14 tc dng vi clo (chiu sng) to ra ti a 5 sn phm ng phn cha mt
nguyn t clo. Tn gi ca C6H14 l
A. 2,3-imetylbutan.
220
B. 2-metylpentan.
C. n-hexan.
D. 3-metylpentan.
21. C bao nhiu ng phn ankin c cng thc phn t C5H8?

A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
22. Cho 3,548 lt hi hn hp X ( 0oC, 1,25 atm) gm 2 anken l ng ng lin tip vo

dung dch nc brom d thy khi lng bnh ng dung dch brom tng 10,5 gam. Cng
thc phn t ca 2 anken l
A. C3H6 v C4H8.
B. C2H4 v C3H6.
C. C4H8 v C5H10.
D. C5H10 v C6H12.
23. Isopren c th to ra bao nhiu gc hirocacbon ha tr mt?

A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
24. Cho hirocacbon X c cng thc phn t C7H8. Cho 4,6 gam X tc dng vi lng d
AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thu c 15,3 gam kt ta. X c ti a bao nhiu cng thc
cu to?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
25. linh ng ca nguyn t hiro trong nhm OH ca cc cht: H2O, C2H5OH, C6H5OH
bin i theo quy lut no sau y?
A. H2O > C2H5OH > C6H5OH.
B. C2H5OH > H2O > C6H5OH.
C. C6H5OH > H2O > C2H5OH.
D. C2H5OH > C6H5OH > H2O.
26. Cho 15,2 gam hn hp gm glixerin v ancol n chc X vo Na d thu c 4,48 lt H2

(ktc). Lng H2 do X sinh ra bng 1/3 lng H2 do glixerin sinh ra. X c cng thc l
A. C3H7OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H5OH.
D. C4H9OH.
27. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm 2 ru k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu

c 6,72 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 7,65 gam H2O. Mt khc nu cho m gam X tc dng ht vi
Na th thu c 2,8 lt H2 ( ktc). Cng thc ca 2 ru l
A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
B. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3.
C. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
D. C3H6(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
28. Ru X c cng thc phn t l C5H12O. un X vi H2SO4 c 170oC khng thu c

anken. Tn gi ca X l
A. pentanol.
B. pentanol-2.
C. 2,2-imetylpropanol-1.
D. 2-metylbutanol-2.
29. Hp cht hu c X tc dng vi AgNO3 trong NH3 d thu c sn phm Y. Cho Y tc

dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long hoc dung dch NaOH u thu c kh v c. X l cht
no trong cc cht sau y?
A. HCHO.
B. HCOOH.
C. HCOONH4.
D. A, B, C u ng.
30. Cho 2,32 gam mt anehit tham gia phn ng trng gng hon ton vi dung dch
AgNO3 (trong NH3) d thu c 17,28 gam Ag. Vy th tch kh H2 ( ktct) ti a cn
dng phn ng ht vi 2,9 gam X l
221
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
31. T kh thin nhin, cc cht v c v iu kin cn thit iu ch nha

phenolfomanehit cn dng ti thiu bao nhiu phng trnh phn ng?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
32. Cng thc phn t C9H8O2 c bao nhiu ng phn axit l dn xut ca benzen, lm mt
mu dung dch nc brom (k c ng phn hnh hc)?
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
33. t chy hon ton m gam mt axit no, mch h, hai ln axit X thu c 6,72 lt CO 2 (
ktc) v 4,5 gam H2O. Cng thc ca X l
A. C2H4(COOH)2.
B. C4H8(COOH)2.
C. C3H6(COOH)2.
D. C5H10(COOH)2.
34. Mt este X mch h to bi ancol no n chc v axit khng no (c mt ni i C=C) n

chc. t chy a mol X thu c 6,72 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 4,05 gam nc. Gi tr ca a
l
A. 0,025 mol.
B. 0,05 mol.
C. 0,06 mol.
D. 0,075 mol.
35. Thy phn este C4H6O2 trong mi trng axit thu c mt hn hp gm cc sn phm u
c kh nng phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca este l
A. HCOOCH=CHCH3.
B. HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
C. CH3COOCH=CH2.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
36. Du thc vt l
A. hn hp cc hirocacbon trng thi rn.
B. hn hp cc hirocacbon trng thi lng.
C. este 3 ln este ca ru glixerin vi axit bo ch yu l axit bo khng no.
D. este 3 ln este ca ru glixerin vi axit bo ch yu l axit bo no.
37. X phng ha 10 gam este X cng thc phn t l C5H8O2 bng 75 ml dung dch NaOH
2M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng c 11,4 gam cht rn khan. Tn gi ca X l
A. etylacrylat.
B. vinylpropyonat.
C. metylmetacrylat.
D. alylaxetat.
38. S ng phn mch h c cng thc phn t C2H4O2 l

A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
39. Cho 100 ml dung dch aminoaxit X nng 0,3M phn ng va vi 48 ml dung dch
NaOH 1,25M, sau c cn th thu c 5,31 gam mui khan. X c cng thc no sau
y?
A. H2NCH(COOH)2.
B. H2NC2H4COOH.
C. (H2N)2CHCOOH.
D. H2NC2H3(COOH)2.
40. Cho cc hp cht: 1. C6H5NH2; 2. C2H5NH2; 3. (C6H5)2NH; 4. (C2H5)2NH; 5. NH3. Tnh

baz ca chng bin i theo quy lut no sau y?
A. 1 > 3 > 5 > 4 > 2.
222
B. 2 > 1 > 5 > 3 > 4.
C. 4 > 2 > 5 > 1 > 3.
D. 5 > 2 > 4 > 1 > 3.
41. Cho cc cht lng: axit axetic, axit acrylic, etylaxetat, vinylpropionat, alylfomiat ng trong
cc l khc nhau. Dng cc ha cht no sau y nhn bit c tt c cc cht trn?
A. dd AgNO3/NH3; dd Br2.
B. dd AgNO3/NH3; qu tm, dd Br2.
C. dd AgNO3/NH3; qu tm; Cu(OH)2.
D. qu tm; Cu(OH)2.
42. Ln men 22,5 gam glucoz lm ru etylic, hiu qu qu trnh ln men l 80%. Khi lng
ru thu c l
A. 4,6 gam.
B. 9,2 gam.
C. 2,3 gam.
D. 6,9 gam.
43. Da nhn to (PVC) c iu ch t kh thin nhin theo s :

CH4 C2H2 CH2=CHCl [CH2CHCl]n.
Nu hiu sut ca ton b qu trnh iu ch l 20%, mun iu ch c 1 tn PVC th
th tch kh thin nhin (cha 80% metan) iu kin tiu chun cn dng l
A. 4375 m3.
B. 4450 m3.
C. 4480 m3.
D. 6875 m3.
44. V tu thy lm bng thp, bo v tu khi b n mn khi i trn bin ngi ta gn vo

y tu kim loi no sau y?
A. Mg.
B. Sn.
C. Pb.
D. Cu.
45. Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C4H7O2Cl khi thy phn trong mi trng
kim c cc sn phm, trong c 2 hp cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng
gng. Cng thc cu to ng ca X l
A. HCOOCH2CHClCH3.
B. C2H5COOCH2Cl.
C. CH3COOCHClCH3.
D. HCOOCHClCH2CH3.
46. Cho 1 mol KOH vo dung dch cha m gam HNO3 v 0,2 mol Al(NO3)3. thu c 7,8
gam kt ta th gi tr ca m l
A. 18,9 gam.
B. 44,1 gam.
C. 19,8 gam.
D. A hoc B u ng.
47. Cho 12,8 gam dung dch ru glixerin trong nc c nng 71,875% tc dng ht vi
mt lng d Na thu c V lt kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 5,6 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 11,2 lt.
48. Dy cc cht no sau y u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng (to kt ta
Ag)?
A. axetilen, anehit axetic, metylfomiat.
B. metanal, etanal, axit axetic.
C. metanal, etanal, axit foocmic, metylfomiat.
D. axetilen, axit axetic, axit foocmic.
49. kh hon ton 13,2 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 th cn va 4,48 lt
CO ( ktc). Khi lng ca Fe thu c l
A. 8,4 gam.
B. 10 gam.
C. 11,2 gam.
D. 11,6 gam.
223
50. C 5 cht lng ng trong 5 l mt nhn: 1. benzen, 2. axit axetic, 3. axit acrylic, 4. ru
etylic, glixerin. Nu ch dng cc ha cht sau y: qu tm, nc brom, Cu(OH)2 iu kin
thng th c th nhn bit c nhng cht no?
A. Tt c.
224
B. 3, 4, 5.
C. 1, 3, 4.
D. 2, 3 5.
Phn th ba
P N
25 THI TH TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG
P N 01:
1. B
6. C
11. D
16. A
21. D
26. D
31. B
36. C
41. A
46. A
2. C
7. A
12. B
17. D
22. B
27. D
32. A
37. A
42. D
47. C
3. A
8. D
13. D
18. D
23. B
28. C
33. C
38. A
43. C
48. B
4. A
9. C
14. C
19. B
24. A
29. A
34. A
39. A
44. B
49. B
5. B
10. D
15. B
20. C
25. B
30. C
35. D
40. D
45. D
50. C
P N 02:
1. A
6. C
11. C
16. B
21. D
26. A
31. D
36. B
41. D
46. D
2. D
7. D
12. A
17. B
22. A
27. A
32. A
37. C
42. B
47. B
3. B
8. A
13. D
18. B
23. C
28. B
33. D
38. D
43. C
48. B
4. A
9. A
14. C
19. A
24. B
29. C
34. B
39. A
44. B
49. B
5. D
10. A
15. D
20. D
25. B
30. B
35. D
40. B
45. B
50. B
P N 03:
1. A
6. A
11. D
16. A
21. A
26. C
31. C
36. C
41. B
46. C
2. D
7. A
12. B
17. A
22. D
27. A
32. C
37. C
42. B
47. A
3. D
8. D
13. A
18. B
23. B
28. C
33. C
38. D
43. D
48. C
4. A
9. A
14. D
19. B
24. D
29. A
34. B
39. B
44. C
49. C
5. D
10. B
15. D
20. C
25.
C, C
30. D
35. C
40. A
45. D
50. D
P N 04:
1. B
6. C
11. D
16. A
21. D
26. B
31. C
36. C
41. D
46. C
2. B
7. C
12. C
17. A
22. D
27. D
32. D
37. A
42. C
47. B
3. C
8. A
13. C
18. C
23. D
28. A
33. B
38. D
43. D
48. A
4. D
9. D
14. C
19. C
24. C
29. B
34. D
39. A
44. B
49. B
5. A
10. B
15. A
20. A
25. D
30. C
35. A
40. B
45. A
50. B
225
P N 05:
1. D
6. D
11. D
16. A
21. D
26. A
31. C
36. C
41. D
46. B
2. B
7. B
12. B
17. D
22. D
27. B
32. A
37. D
42. C
47. B
3. C
8. B
13. A
18. B
23. B
28. D
33. A
38. B
43. B
48. A
4. A
9. B
14. C
19. A
24. B
29. D
34. A
39. C
44. B
49. B
5. A
10. D
15. A
20. A
25. B
30. D
35. D
40. B
45. C
50. D
P N 06:
1. D
6. C
11. C
16. C
21. A
26. D
31. A
36. C
41. C
46. D
2. B
7. B
12. C
17. B
22. A
27. A
32. A
37. D
42. B
47. D
3. A
8. B
13. D
18. A
23. B
28. D
33. A
38. C
43. B
48. B
4. D
9. D
14. A
19. A
24. D
29. C
34. B
39. C
44. B
49. A
5. D
10. D
15. C
20. D
25. C
30. A
35. D
40. A
45. A
50. C
P N 07:
1. B
6. A
11. B
16. A
21. C
26. D
31. A
36. C
41. C
46. D
2. B
7. C
12. A
17. B
22. D
27. B
32. C
37. D
42. C
47. D
3. B
8. C
13. C
18. D
23. B
28. C
33. A
38. C
43. D
48. D
4. A
9. A
14. B
19. A
24. D
29. B
34. A
39. B
44. D
49. D
5. C
10. B
15. A
20. A
25. C
30. C
35. B
40. B
45. D
50. C
P N 08:
1. B
6. A
11. C
16. C
21. C
26. D
31. B
36. C
41. D
46. B
2. B
7. B
12. B
17. C
22. B
27. C
32. A
37. D
42. B
47. A
3. C
8. B
13. C
18. A
23. A
28. A
33. D
38. B
43. D
48. C
4. B
9. D
14. D
19. B
24. D
29. D
34. D
39. B
44. C
49. D
5. C
10. C
15. A
20. A
25. B
30. A
35. D
40. C
45. B
50. A
P N 09:
226
1. A
6. C
11. D
16. B
21. D
26. A
31. D
36. B
41. C
46. C
2. A
7. D
12. C
17. B
22. A
27. C
32. B
37. D
42. B
47. D
3. C
8. A
13. C
18. C
23. A
28. D
33. B
38. C
43. C
48. A
4. B
9. D
14. C
19. A
24. C
29. D
34. C
39. D
44. D
49. D
5. D
10. A
15. C
20. B
25. C
30. D
35. A
40. D
45. B
50. B
P N 10:
1. A
6. D
11. C
16. C
21. C
26. C
31. D
36. A
41. C
46. A
2. B
7. D
12. A
17. B
22. D
27. D
32. C
37. C
42. D
47. D
3. C
8. B
13. B
18. A
23. D
28. D
33. C
38. A
43. B
48. B
4. A
9. B
14. C
19. C
24. B
29. C
34. B
39. B
44. C
49. B
5. D
10. D
15. B
20. D
25. A
30. D
35. C
40. A
45. B
50. A
P N 11:
1. D
6. C
11. B
16. D
21. D
26. B
31. D
36. B
41. B
46. B
2. A
7. D
12. A
17. D
22. B
27. C
32. A
37. B
42. C
47. A
3. A
8. B
13. A
18. A
23. D
28. D
33. A
38. B
43. B
48. A
4. B
9. C
14. D
19. D
24. A
29. B
34. A
39. C
44. D
49. D
5. C
10. A
15. C
20. D
25. C
30. A
35. C
40. A
45. D
50. B
P N 12:
1. A
6. B
11. D
16. A
21. A
26. A
31. B
36. A
41. B
46. B
2. B
7. A
12. B
17. B
22. B
27. A
32. C
37. C
42. A
47. C
3. C
8. D
13. C
18. C
23. C
28. C
33. B
38. A
43. A
48. D
4. D
9. D
14. C
19. C
24. A
29. A
34. B
39. D
44. C
49. C
5. B
10. A
15. C
20. D
25. B
30. C
35. B
40. C
45. A
50. D
P N 13:
1. C
6. B
11. D
16. B
21. D
26. C
31. B
36. D
41. B
46. B
2. C
7. B
12. C
17. B
22. A
27. C
32. A
37. B
42. D
47. D
3. D
8. C
13. A
18. A
23. D
28. B
33. C
38. B
43. D
48. D
4. B
9. C
14. B
19. D
24. C
29. D
34. B
39. B
44. B
49. C
5. A
10. B
15. C
20. C
25. B
30. C
35. D
40. D
45. B
50. C
P N 14:
1. C
6. B
11. B
16. B
21. D
26. B
31. B
36. D
41. B
46. B
2. A
7. B
12. C
17. B
22. C
27. C
32. A
37. B
42. D
47. D
3. D
8. C
13. D
18. A
23. D
28. B
33. C
38. B
43. D
48. D
4. D
9. C
14. D
19. D
24. D
29. D
34. B
39. B
44. B
49. B
5. A
10. C
15. B
20. C
25. B
30. C
35. B
40. D
45. B
50. C
227
P N 15:
1. B
6. D
11. B
16. C
21. A
26. C
31. B
36. A
41. A
46. A
2. A
7. B
12. B
17. B
22. C
27. A
32. B
37. B
42. B
47. C
3. C
8. B
13. C
18. B
23. B
28. C
33. C
38. C
43. C
48. B
4. A
9. A
14. D
19. C
24. A
29. D
34. B
39. D
44. A
49. A
5. C
10. A
15. C
20. B
25. B
30. C
35. D
40. B
45. A
50. D
P N 16:
1. A
6. D
11. A
16. A
21. B
26. D
31. C
36. D
41. A
46. B
2. B
7. D
12. A
17. C
22. B
27. C
32. C
37. D
42. D
47. C
3. A
8. C
13. C
18. D
23. C
28. D
33. D
38. C
43. B
48. B
4. D
9. D
14. D
19. D
24. C
29. A
34. B
39. C
44. B
49. C
5. D
10. C
15. A
20. C
25. C
30. C
35. C
40. B
45. A
50. B
P N 17:
1. C
6. C
11. B
16. B
21. B
26. B
31. B
36. C
41. B
46. C
2. B
7. C
12. B
17. B
22. A
27. C
32. B
37. C
42. C
47. D
3. A
8. A
13. D
18. A
23. D
28. A
33. B
38. B
43. B
48. A
4. B
9. C
14. D
19. A
24. C
29. B
34. C
39. D
44. A
49. C
5. A
10. B
15. C
20. B
25. B
30. C
35. C
40. D
45. B
50. A
P N 18:
1. D
6. D
11. B
16. D
21. C
26. A
31. C
36. B
41. C
46. C
2. B
7. C
12. C
17. C
22. A
27. C
32. B
37. B
42. D
47. B
3. C
8. B
13. C
18. A
23. C
28. B
33. A
38. D
43. C
48. C
4. C
9. D
14. B
19. D
24. A
29. B
34. C
39. A
44. C
49. D
5. B
10. C
15. B
20. B
25. B
30. A
35. A
40. C
45. B
50. D
P N 19:
1. D
6. C
11. C
16. A
21. C
26. B
31. B
36. D
41. C
46. A
2. B
7. B
12. B
17. D
22. B
27. D
32. C
37. D
42. B
47. B
3. C
8. D
13. D
18. B
23. D
28. B
33. C
38. B
43. D
48. A
4. D
9. A
14. A
19. B
24. A
29. C
34. A
39. A
44. D
49. D
5. D
10. C
15. C
20. A
25. B
30. A
35. C
40. B
45. A
50. B
P N 20:
228
1. A
6. A
11. A
16. B
21. C
26. D
31. A
36. B
41. C
46. A
2. D
7. C
12. C
17. D
22. B
27. A
32. B
37. C
42. B
47. D
3. A
8. A
13. D
18. C
23. C
28. D
33. A
38. C
43. B
48. C
4. A
9. D
14. C
19. D
24. A
29. A
34. C
39. C
44. C
49. B
5. A
10. A
15. A
20. A
25. C
30. C
35. C
40. B
45. A
50. D
P N 21:
1. C
6. A
11. A
16. D
21. B
26. C
31. B
36. B
41. D
46. A
2. C
7. B
12. C
17. B
22. C
27. A
32. C
37. B
42. C
47. A
3. D
8. A
13. C
18. C
23. D
28. C
33. B
38. C
43. B
48. C
4. D
9. B
14. B
19. D
24. C
29. D
34. A
39. B
44. C
49. B
5. A
10. D
15. D
20. A
25. B
30. B
35. A
40. C
45. B
50. B
P N 22:
1. C
6. A
11. C
16. A
21. A
26. B
31. A
36. D
41. D
46. C
2. C
7. B
12. C
17. D
22. A
27. C
32. A
37. C
42. C
47. C
3. D
8. D
13. C
18. A
23. B
28. C
33. C
38. A
43. B
48. B
4. D
9. A
14. A
19. A
24. A
29. D
34. B
39. B
44. D
49. A
5. A
10. A
15. C
20. C
25. D
30. B
35. B
40. A
45. A
50. A
P N 23:
1. C
6. D
11. B
16. D
21. B
26. B
31. B
36. C
41. B
46. A
2. A
7. D
12. D
17. A
22. B
27. D
32. B
37. B
42. C
47. C
3. D
8. B
13. B
18. A
23. B
28. B
33. B
38. B
43. D
48. D
4. B
9. B
14. B
19. C
24. B
29. D
34. D
39. C
44. B
49. C
5. D
10. D
15. D
20. A
25. C
30. A
35. D
40. D
45. B
50. B
P N 24:
1. D
6. A
11. A
16. B
21. A
26. B
31. C
36. D
41. B
46. D
2. D
7. B
12. C
17. D
22. B
27. C
32. C
37. A
42. B
47. A
3. C
8. A
13. D
18. B
23. C
28. B
33. C
38. C
43. B
48. C
4. B
9. B
14. A
19. B
24. C
29. B
34. A
39. A
44. B
49. B
5. C
10. A
15. B
20. A
25. C
30. D
35. A
40. B
45. D
50. C
P N 25:
229
230
1. A
6. B
11. C
16. A
21. B
26. A
31. C
36. C
41. B
46. D
2. D
7. A
12. D
17. C
22. A
27. C
32. B
37. A
42. B
47. A
3. B
8. D
13. B
18. B
23. C
28. C
33. B
38. C
43. C
48. C
4. A
9. D
14. A
19. C
24. B
29. D
34. D
39. D
44. A
49. B
5. D
10. B
15. D
20. B
25. C
30. C
35. A
40. C
45. D
50. A

10 Phương Pháp Giải Nhanh Bài Toán Hóa Trong Đề Thi PTTH Quốc Gia, Đại Học Và 25 Đề Thi Thử PTTH, Đại Học Có Đáp Án

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10 Phương Pháp Giải Nhanh Bài Toán Hóa Trong Đề Thi PTTH Quốc Gia, Đại Học Và 25 Đề Thi Thử PTTH, Đại Học Có Đáp Án

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MC LC

Phn th nht: 10 PHNG PHP GII NHANH BI TP TRC NGHIM

Phn th ba: P N 25 THI TH TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG

10 PHNG PHP GII NHANH BI TP TRC

C. 70,4 gam. D. 140,8 gam.

Nh vy cht rn A c th gm 3 cht Fe, FeO, Fe3O4 hoc t hn, iu khng quan

Gi x l s mol ca CO2 ta c phng trnh v khi lng ca B:

m = 64 + 0,4 44 0,4 28 = 70,4 gam. (p n C)

V d 2: un 132,8 gam hn hp 3 ru no, n chc vi H2SO4 c 140oC thu c hn

mH2O mru mete 132,8 11,2 21,6 gam

Mt khc c hai phn t ru th to ra mt phn t ete v mt phn t H2O do s mol

n NO2 0,5 mol n HNO3 2n NO2 1 mol.

t nFe = x mol, nCu = y mol ta c:

0,1 242 100

0,1 188 100

Tng nHCl = 0,4 mol v n H2O 0,2 mol.

V d 5: Hn hp A gm KClO3, Ca(ClO2)2, Ca(ClO3)2, CaCl2 v KCl nng 83,68 gam. Nhit

Theo phn ng (1):

V d 6: t chy hon ton 1,88 gam cht hu c A (cha C, H, O) cn 1,904 lt O2 (ktc)

mCO2 mH2O 1,88 0,085 32 46 gam

444a + 183a = 46 a = 0,02 mol.

nC : nH : no = 0,08 : 0,12 : 0,05 = 8 : 12 : 5

Vy cng thc ca cht hu c A l C8H12O5 c MA < 203. (p n A)

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c:

mmui meste = 0,240 64 = 1,6 gam.

R + (44 + 15)2 = 118 R = 0.

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c:

CTPT ca este l C4H8O2

Vy cng thc cu to 2 este ng phn l:

V d 9: Chia hn hp gm hai anehit no n chc lm hai phn bng nhau:

Phn 1: V anehit no n chc nn nCO2 n H2O = 0,06 mol.

nCO2 (phn 2) nC (phn 2) 0,06 mol.

Theo bo ton nguyn t v bo ton khi lng ta c:

nC (phn 2) nC (A) 0,06 mol.

n CO2 (A) = 0,06 mol

VCO2 = 22,40,06 = 1,344 lt. (p n C)

V d 10: Cho mt lung CO i qua ng s ng 0,04 mol hn hp A gm FeO v Fe2O3 t

nCO2 n BaCO3 0,046 mol

nCO( p. ) nCO2 0,046 mol

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c:

mA = 4,784 + 0,04644 0,04628 = 5,52 gam.

t nFeO = x mol, n Fe2O 3 y mol trong hn hp B ta c:

72x 160y 5,52

MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEO PHNG PHP S DNG

B. 18,6 gam; Li v Na.

b) Nu dng dung dch HNO3 2M v ly d 25% th th tch dung dch cn ly l

t s mol hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 ln lt l x, y, z. Ta c:

Nhn hai v ca (2) vi 3 ri tr (1) ta c:

2Fe3O4 + 10H2SO4 3Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 10H2O

VSO2 224 ml. (p n B)

V d 2: Thi t t V lt hn hp kh (ktc) gm CO v H2 i qua mt ng ng 16,8 gam

B. 0,448 lt v 18,46 gam.

C. 0,112 lt v 12,28 gam.

D. 0,448 lt v 16,48 gam.

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c:

Vhh (COH2 ) 0,02 22,4 0,448 lt. (p n D)

V d 3: Thi rt chm 2,24 lt (ktc) mt hn hp kh gm CO v H2 qua mt ng s ng

Thc cht phn ng kh cc oxit l:

nO nCO n H2 0,1 mol .

Khi lng cht rn cn li trong ng s l: 24 1,6 = 22,4 gam. (p n A)

Cn H 2n 1CHO : 0,02 mol

Vy hn hp hi c tng s mol l 0,04 mol.

mhh hi = 31 0,04 = 1,24 gam.

Ch : Vi ru bc (I) hoc ru bc (II) u tha mn u bi.