5 cmk-ka

- \
- zbw Pohn-If
- n¬

\mw apºp ]Tn- ® Xv :

kky- ß - f p- s Sbpw P¥p- ° - f p- s Sbpw hf¿®- b n¬ hyXym- k - ß - f p- ≠ v .

ImWv U w {]Im- i - Ø n\p t\scbpw thcv Pe- Ø n\p t\scbpw hf- c p- ∂ p.

- s Xm- ´ m- h m- S n- s ®- S n- b psS Ce sXmSp∂ am{X- b n¬ aS- ß p- ∂ p.

I≠¬ kky- ß - f psS thcp- I ƒ A¥- c o- £ - Ø n- t e°v hf- c p- ∂ p. Nne

kky- ß ƒ Xmßp- I - f n¬ ]S¿∂p Ib- d p- ∂ p.

ImWv U - h - f ¿®, ]pjv ] n- ° ¬ XpS- ß nb {]h¿Ø- \ - ß sf kky- t lm¿tam-

Wp- I ƒ kzm[o- \ n- ° p- ∂ p.

thcp apf-∏n-°¬, ]pjv]n-°¬ XpS-ßnb {]{In-b-Iƒ°v Ir{Xn-a-tlm¿tam-

Wp- I ƒ D]- t bm- K - s ∏- S pØmw.

A¥x- { km- h n- { K- Ÿ n- I - ƒ D¬]m- Z n- ∏ n- ° p∂ tlm¿tam- W p- I ƒ imco- c nI

{]h¿Ø- \ - ß sf \nb- { ¥n- ° p- ∂ p.

Nne tlm¿tam- W p- I - f psS B[n- I yhpw A]- c ym- ] v X Xbpw hf¿®m- \ n- c -

°ns‚ hyXym- k - Ø n\v Imc- W - a m- I p- ∂ p.

81
 Poh¬ {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p-
Ibpw GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn¬
\mUo- h y- h ÿ apJy ]¶p- h - l n- ° p∂p.
\mUo-hy-hÿ \nb-{¥n-°p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-
߃ hfsc s]s´∂p \S-°p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-
ßfmWv. F∂m¬ hf¿®, {]Xyp¬]m-Z\w,
c‡-Ønse •pt°m-kns‚ Afhv, hr°-
bnse Pe-Øns‚ ]p\cm-Kn-cWw XpS-ßn
{Iam-\p-K-X-ambn \S-°p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpw
C{]- I mcw \nb- { ¥n- ° - s ∏- S p∂Xt√?
CØcw {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p∂
cmk-h-kvXp-°-fmWv tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ. Cu
]Zm¿Y-߃ tImi-߃ XΩnepw tImi-
߃°p-≈nepw \S-°p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf
cmko-b-ambn ka-\z-bn-∏n-°p-∂p.
Nn{X- i - e - ` - Ø ns‚ cq]m- ¥ - c -
WsØ°pdn-®n-dn-bnt√? L´w L´-ambn \S-
°p∂ Cu {]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v ImcWw Nne
tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fmWv (eg. Juvenile hormone,
Ecdysone). AI-ti-cp-In-I-fmb ssl{U-
bnse tImi-hn-`-P-\w, ]c-∂-hn-c-bnse ]p\-
cp¬]m-Z\w XpS-ßnb Poh¬{]-h¿Ø-\-
ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p-∂Xpw tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
BWv. Iti-cp-In-I-fmb a’y-ß-fnse eh-
W-˛-P-e-k¥p-e-\w, ]£n-I-fnse tZim-¥-c-
K- a - \ w XpS- ß nb {]h¿Ø- \ - ß fpw
tlm¿tam¨ \nb-{¥-W-ØnemWv \S-°p-
∂Xv. GI-tImi Pohn-I-fmb t{]mt´m-tkm-
h- b n¬t∏mepw tlm¿tam- W p- I - f psS
km∂n[yw sXfn- b n- ° - s ∏- ´ n- ´ p- ≠ v . CXp-
\nb-{¥n-°p∂ -tlm¿tam-Wp-Isf Ipdn®pw
Ah-bpsS D]-tbmKw Im¿jn-I-cw-K-Øp-≠m-
°nb t\´ßsf Ipdn®pw ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.
a\p-jy-\nse tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
Zl-\-Øn-\v klm-bn-°p∂ ck-߃
D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Zl-\-{K-Ÿn-I-fm-W-t√m?
Zl-\-ckw {KŸn-I-fn¬ \n∂v {]tXyI Ipg-
ep- I ƒhgnbmWv Ah- b psS {]h¿Ø\
ÿm\-tØ°v Hgp-In-sb-Øp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬
tlm¿tam-Wp-Isf D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ {KŸn-
Iƒ°v {]tXyI \mfn-Iƒ C√. Ah ico-c-
{ZhØneq-sS-bmWv kwh-l\w sNø-s∏-Sp-
∂Xv. AXn- \ m¬ Cu {KŸn- I sf
A¥x{kmhn{KŸn-Iƒ (Endocrine glands)
F∂p -]-d-bp-∂p. F¶nepw tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
sslt∏m-X-em-akv
]obq-j-{KŸn
ssXtdm-bnUv {KŸn
ssXakv {KŸn
Bt·-b -{KŸn
A{Uo-\¬ {KŸn

t]mse a\p-jy-cnse Poh¬ {]-h¿Ø-\-

sKmWm-Up-Iƒ
ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xn¬ tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
{][m\ ]¶p-h-ln-°p∂p. Ah GsXm-s°-
bm- s W∂pw {]- h ¿Øn- ° p- ∂ - s Xßs\
bmsW∂pw Cu A[ym-b-Øn¬ ]Tn-°mw.
kky-ß-fpsS hf¿®, Ne-\w, ]pjv]n-°¬,
Ce- s ]m- g n- ° ¬ XpS- ß nb {]{In- b - I sf
Nn{Xw 5.1
hnhn[ A¥x{kmhn {KŸn-Iƒ

82
 cmk- k - a - \ zbw Pohn- I - f n¬

Ah-bpsS e£y-ÿm-\-am-bn-´p≈ Ah-b-h- z Blm-cØ - ns‚ hnL-S\

- hpw Du¿tPm¬
ß-fnepw Ie-I-fnepw am{Xta {]h¿Øn-°p- ]m-Z-\hpw
I-bp-≈p. z akvXn- j vI- Ø ns‚ hnIm- k hpw
a\p- j y- \ nse hnhn[ A¥x- { km- h n {]h¿Ø-\hpw
-{K-Ÿn-Ifpw Ah-bpsS ÿm\hpw Nn{Xw z ico-c-h-f¿®
(5.1) \nco-£n®v a\- n-em-°pI. Ah D¬]m- z Xz°ns‚ BtcmKyw
Zn-∏n-°p∂ hnhn[ tlm¿tam-Wp-Ifpw Ah-
z lrZ-b-an-Sn∏v
bpsS [¿ahpw F¥m-sW∂p t\m°mw.
hyXykvX [¿a-߃ \n¿h-ln-°p∂
ssXtdm- b nUv {KŸn (Thyroid Gland) ssXtdm-Ivkns‚ D¬]m-Z\ - Ø
- n¬ D≠m-Ip∂
a\p-jy-\nse G‰hpw henb A¥x- G‰- I p- d - ® n¬ ico- c sØ Fß- s \- b m- b n-
{kmhn {KŸn-bm-Wn-Xv. AXns‚ c≠p Zf- cn°pw _m[n-°p-I?
߃ {i≤n-®nt√?(Nn{Xw 5.2). Cu {KŸn sslt∏m-ssX-tdm-bn-Unkw
D¬]m- Z n- ∏ n- ° p∂ tlm¿tam¨ BWv (Hypothyroidism)
ssXtdm-Ivkn≥. CXns‚ \n¿am-W-Øn\v
˛ ssX-tdm-Ivkns‚ D¬]m-Z\w Ipd-bp-∂-Xp-
AsbmUn≥ Bh-iy-am-Wv.
aq-e-ap-≠m-Ip∂ Ahÿ
• Du¿tPm-¬]m-Z\w Ipd-bp∂p
• icocw ho¿°p-∂p
• lrZ-b-an-Sn∏v Ipd-bp-∂p
• `£-W-tØmSv hnc‡n , Ae-kX
• Xz°v DW-ßn-h-c≠XmIp-∂p

]mcm-ssX-tdmbvUv
{KŸn
Nn{Xw 5.2
ssXtdm-bnUv {KŸn
tKmbn-‰¿ (Goitre) F∂ tcmK-sØ-°p-
dn®v tI´n- ´ n- t √? F¥mWv AXns‚
e£Ww? c‡-Øn¬ Bh-iy-Øn\v Asbm-
Un≥ C√mØXpaqew ssXtdm-bnUv {KŸn
hnI-kn-°p-∂X - m-Wv Cu tcmKw. Asbm-Un≥
AS-ßnb sNdpa’y-ßfpw ]®-°-dn-Ifpw
Ign- ° p- ∂ - X n- e qsS Cu tcmKw hcmsX
XSbmw.
ssXtdm-Ivkn≥ imco-cnI {]h¿Ø-\-
ßsf Fßs\ klm- b n- ° p- ∂ p- s h∂p
t\m°mw.
ssl∏¿ssX-tdm-bn-Unkw
(Hyperthyroidism)
˛ssX-tdm-Ivkns‚ D¬]m-Z\w IqSp∂-Xp
-aq-e-ap-≠m-Ip∂ Ahÿ
• Du¿tPm¬]m-Z\w IqSp-∂p
• icocw saen-™p-h-cp∂p
• lrZ-b-an-Sn∏v IqSp-∂p
• `£-W-tØmSv B¿Øn
• icocw Ft∏mgpw hnb¿°p∂p
• ssIIƒ hndbv-°p-∂p
ssXtdm- I v k ns‚ D¬]m- Z - \ - ° p- d - h p-
aqeap≠m-Ip∂ e£-Wß - ƒ hy‡-am-bnt√?
Ch IqSmsX am\-kn-Ihpw imco-cn-I-hp-amb
hf¿® apc-Sn-°p∂ AhÿbmWv {I´-\nkw
(Cretinism). F∂m¬ apXn¿∂-h-cn¬ CXv

83
Poh- i mkv { Xw

anIvk-Una (Myxoedema) F∂ tcmK-Øn- c‡-Ønse Im¬kyw Atbm-Wp-I-fpsS

te°p \bn-°p∂p. Afhv Fßs\ {Iao- I - c n- ° p∂p F∂p
t\m°mw. Nn{Xo-I-cWw I {i≤n°pI.
ssXtdm-Ivkns‚ Afhv IqSp-tºmƒ
F¥mWv kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv? CØcw tcmKn- z c‡-Ønse Im¬ky-Øns‚ Ipdhv
I-fn¬ am\-kn-Im-kzm-ÿyhpw A\p-`-h-s∏- ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂Xn¬ ]mcm-sXm¿tam¨
Sp- ∂ p. XpS¿∂v IÆp- I ƒ ]pd- t Ø°v Fßs\ klm-b-I-am-Ip∂p?
X≈p∂p. km[m-cW tKmbn-‰¿ t]mse Igp-
z Im¬kyw Atbm-Wp-If
- psS tXmXv \ne-
Øn¬ apg {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu Ah-ÿ-
bmWv FIv k v - H m- ^ v X m¬anIv tKmbn- ‰ ¿ \n¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ ssXtdm-bnUv {KŸn-
(Exophthalmic goitre, Ex = ]pdw- ` m- K w, bpsS ]s¶¥v?
opthalmos = IÆv).
ta¬ kqNn-∏n® c≠p tlm¿tam-Wp-I-
ssXtdm-bnUv {KŸn D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ fp-sS ]c-kv]-c-]q-cI-amb {]h¿Ø\w aqew
as‰mcp tlm¿tam-Wm-Wt√m Im¬kn-tSm- c‡- Ø n¬ Im¬kyw Atbm- W p- I - f psS
Wn≥ (Calcitonin). CXv ]mcm-ssX-tdm-bnUv \nc°v am‰- a n- √ msX \ne- \ n¬°p- ∂ p.
{KŸn D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ ]mcm-sXm¿tam-Wp- F∂m¬ ]mcmsXm¿tam-Wns‚ Afhv IqSn-
ambn tN¿∂p c‡-Ønse Im¬kyw Atbm- bm¬ F¥mWv kw`-hn-°pI? Aÿn-If - n¬
Wp-I-fpsS Afhv {Iao-I-cn-°p-∂p. \n∂p Im¬kyw eh-W-߃ BKncWw

ssXtdm-bnUv ]mcm- s sX- t dm- b nUv

DtØ-Pn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. DtØ-Pn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p
p
Af p∂
hv
IqS pd-b
p∂ vI
Im¬kn-tSm-Wn≥ p fh ]mcm-sXm¿tam¨
A
Im¬kyw km[m-c-W-tXm-Xn¬
10-12mg/100ml) c‡w
p A
z Im¬kysØ p∂ fh
v° z Im¬kyw Aÿn-If - n¬
aq{X-Øn-eqsS b vI \n∂p c‡-Ønte°v
]pd¥≈p-∂p.- Ipd q´p
v ∂ z IpS- e n¬\n∂p c‡-
z Aÿn-I-fn¬ fh p Ønte°v
kw`-cn-°p-∂p A
z s\t{^m- W n¬ \n∂p
c‡-Øn-te°v

- Ww I
Nn{Xo-Ic

]mcm- s sX- t dm- b nUv { KŸn sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-aqew Ahbv°v _ew Ipd-

(Parathyroid Gland) bp-∂p. IqSmsX c‡-Øn¬ A[n-I-ambn
hcp∂ Im¬kyw aq{X-Øn-eqsS Acn®p
]mcmssXtdm- b nUv {KŸn- I - f psS amt‰-≠n-h-cp-∂p. CXv aq{X-Øn¬ I√p-≠m-
ÿm\w a\- n-em-°n-b-t√m. ssXtdm-bnUv Ip-∂-Xn\p Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p.
{KŸn-bpsS ]n≥`m-KØv D]-cn-X-e-Øn-embn
ImWp∂ \mep {KŸn-If - m-Wn-h. Ch D¬]m- ]mcm- s Xm¿tam¨ Ipd- ™ m- e p≈
Zn-∏n-°p∂ ]mcm-sXm¿tam¨ (Parathormone) Ahÿ F¥m- b n- c n°pw? c‡- Ø n¬

84
 cmk- k - a - \ zbw Pohn- I - f n¬

Im¬ky-Øns‚ Afhv Ipd-bp-∂Xv t]in-I- B¬tUmÃn- t dm¨ c‡- Ø nse

fpsS {]h¿Ø-\sØ _m[n-°p-∂ sS‰\n
(Tetani) F∂ tcmK-Øn\v Imc-W-amIp-∂p.
t]in-Iƒ hen™p apdp-Inb Ah-ÿ-bn¬
\n¬°p-∂-XmWv tcmK-e-£-Ww. CXns‚
^e-ambn Fs¥√mw kw`-hn°mw?
A{Uo- \ ¬ {KŸn (Adrenal Gland)
Cu {KŸn GXh-bhhp-ambn _‘
s∏´mWv ÿnXn sNøp∂Xv? hr°-bpsS
sXm´p-ap-I-fn¬ Hcp sXm∏n-t]m-se-bm-WnXv
ImWp-∂X - .v Cu {KŸnbpsS hep∏w kv{XoI-
fn¬ ]pcp-j∑ - mcptS-Xn-s\-°mƒ sNdp-Xm-Wv.
Nn{Xw (5.3) \nco-£n-°pI. CXn\v GsX√mw
`mK-ßfp≠v? tIm¿´Ivkv D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂
tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ GsX-√mw? Ah-bpsS [¿aw
F¥mWv? ]´nI 5.1 ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.
ehW Pe Xpe-\m-hÿ \ne-\n¿Øm≥
klm-bn-°p-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-°nbt√m?
tIm¿´n-tkm-fns‚ [¿a-߃ Fs¥-√m-amWv?
tIm¿´n-tkmƒ Ae¿Pn-tcm-K-ß-sfbpw
\o¿ho-°-sØbpw XS-bp-∂p. C°m-c-W-
Øm¬ k‘n-ho°w (Arthritis), BkvXva XpS-
ßnb tcmK-߃°v Huj-[-ambn CXv D]-
tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v. tIm¿´n-tkmfns‚ XpS¿®-
bmb D]-tbm-Kw c‡-Ønse •qt°m-kns‚
Afhv IqSm≥ Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p.
Cu tlm¿tam- W p- I ƒ°p ]pdsa
tIm¿´Ivkv ssewKn-I-tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fmb
Cukvt{SmP-\pw B≥t{Um-P\pw D¬]m-Zn-∏n-
°p-∂p.
Ip´n-I-fn¬ am{X-ambn Hcp {KŸn

saU√ {`qW-am-Ip-tºmƒØs∂ {]h¿Ø\w XpS-

ßp-Ibpw ssii-h-Z-i-bn¬ {Inbm-flIambn
tIm¿´Ivkv {]h¿Øn®v Iuam-c-{]mbw Ign-bptºmtg°v
tim-jn®v {]h¿Ø\w \n∂p t]mhpIbpw
sNøp∂ Hcp A¥x-{kmhn {KŸn \ΩpsS
ico- c - Ø n¬ D≠v ˛ ssXakv (Thymus).
Ip´nIƒ°v tcmK-{]-Xn-tcm-[t- ijn \¬Ip∂
A{Uo-\¬ {KŸn
ssXtam- k n- \ p- I ƒ (Thymosins) F∂
tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-Ib
- mWv Ch
sNøp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ c‡-Ønse enwt^m-
ssk-‰p-I-fpsS \n¿am-W-tI-{µ-ambn CXp
Nn{Xw 5.3 {]h¿Ø\w XpS-cp-∂p.
A{Uo-\¬ {KŸn

tl m¿tam¨ {]h ¿Ø \w
B ¬ tU mà ntdm¨ • aq{Xw, hnb ¿∏v, F ∂ n-h -b n-e q-s S-b p≈ tk mU nb w A tb m-W p-I -
(Aldosteron) fpsS \j vS w \nb-{¥ n-° p-∂ p. s]m´mk yw A tb m-W p-I sf
]pd¥ ≈ p-∂ p.
• hrXn-h ym-] -\ -a ¿Zw {I ao-I -c n-° p-∂ p.
tI m¿´n-t k mƒ • amwk yw, sI mgp∏v F ∂ n-h -b psS hnL -S \sØ DtØ -P n∏n-° p-∂ p.
(Cortisol) • A an-t \m-B -k nU ns‚ hnL -S \waqew •pt° mk v \n¿an-° p-∂ p.
• I c-f n¬ ss•t° m-P ≥ k w`-c n-° p-∂ p.
• I eI -f psS tI Sp-] m-S p-I ƒ ]cn-l -c n-° p-∂ p.
]´nI 5.1. tIm¿´Ivkv D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ

85
Poh- i mkv { Xw
A{Un- \ m- e n\pw t\m¿A{Un- \ m- e n\pw
(Adrenaline and Noradrenaline)
A{Uo-\¬ {KŸn-bpsS Dƒ`m-K-amb
saU√ {i≤n-®nt√? AhnsS D¬]m-Zn-∏n-
°-s∏Sp∂ c≠p tlm¿tam-Wp-If - mWv A{Un-
\m-en\pw t\m¿-A-{Un-\m-en-\pw. ASn-b-
¥cL´ßƒ XcWwsNøp-∂-Xn\p th≠n
ico-csØ k÷-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ch-bpsS
{]h¿Ø\w GI-tZiw Hcp-t]m-se-bmWv.
`bw, tZjyw, Pn⁄mk XpS-ßnb hnIm-c-
߃ A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Hcm-fn¬ D≠m-
Ip∂ am‰-߃ Fs¥-√m-amWv?
z lrZ-b-an-Sn∏ns‚ thK-Xbpw i‡nbpw
IqSp-∂p.
z c‡-k-Ω¿Zw IqSp-∂p.
z ssIIm-ep-I-fn-te°v IqSp-X¬ c‡w
Hgp-Ip-∂p.
z tcma-߃ \nh¿∂p \n¬°p-∂p.
z c‡- Ø nse •qt°m- k ns‚ Afhv
IqSp∂p.
z A∂- ] - Y - Ø n- t e°pw Xz°n- t e°pw
c‡Øns‚ Hgp°v Ipd-bp-∂p.
CØcw am‰-ß-fn-eqsS GXv ASn-b-¥c
L´-sØbpw XcWw sNøp-∂-Xn\v icocw
k÷-am-Ip-∂p. AXn-\m¬ A{Un-\m-ens\
"ASn-b-¥nc tlm¿tam¨' F∂p ]d-bm-dp-
≠v. apI-fn¬ kqNn-∏n® imco-cnI {]h¿Ø-
\-߃ knw]-X-‰nIv \mUo-hy-h-ÿ-bp-ambn
_‘-s∏-´pw \S-°p-∂psh∂v \n߃ a\- n-
em-°n-bn´p≠v. A{Uo\¬ tlm¿tam-Wp-
IfpsSbpw knw]- X - ‰ nIv \mUohyh- ÿ -
bpsSbpw ka-\znX {]h¿Ø-\-amWv Chsb
\nb-{¥n-°p-sX∂v CXn¬\n∂p hy‡-am-
bnt√?
86
Bt·-b-{KŸn (Pancreas)
Bt·-b-ckw D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ Zl-\-
{K-Ÿn-bm-Wt√m Bt·-b-{KŸn. CXn-\p-
≈n¬ Nne A¥x-{kmhn tImi-߃ Iq´w
Bt·-b-{KŸn
sFe‰vkv Hm^v em≥K¿lm≥kv
B¬^m
tImi-߃ _o‰m
tImi-߃
Nn{Xw 5.4
Bt·b{KŸn
Iq´- a mbn ImW- s ∏- S p- ∂ p. Ch- b mWv
sFe‰vkv Hm^v em≥K¿lm≥kv (Islets of
Langerhans) (Nn{Xw 5.4). c‡-Ønse •pt°m-
kns‚ Af-hns\ tIm¿´n-tkmƒ kzm[o-\n-
°p-∂p-≠t- √m. F∂m¬ c‡-Øn¬ •qt°m-
kns‚ Afhv ÿnc-ambn \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂Xv
sFe‰vkv Hm^v em≥K¿lm≥kv D¬]m-Zn-∏n-
°p∂ tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fm-Wv. 100 ml c‡-
Øn¬ 80 apX¬ 120 mg •qt°mkv F∂
tXmXn-emWv CXv \ne-\n-¿Ø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
Zln® Blm-c-Øns‚ BKncWka-bØv
c‡-Øn¬ •pt°mkns‚ Afhv IqSp-X-
emWv. AXpt]mse hni-°p∂ ka-bØv
Ipd-bp-Ib
- pw sNøp∂p. CXv Ft∏mgpw Hcp-
t]mse \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂Xv Fß-s\-bmWv?
Nn{Xo-I-cWw II {i≤n-°p-I. sFe‰vkv
Hm^v em≥K¿lm≥kv D¬]m- Z n- ∏ n- ° p∂
tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ (C≥kp-en≥, •p°-tKm¨)
c‡-Ønse •pt°m-kns‚ tXmXv Fßs\
{Iao-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-°p-I.
 cmk- k - a - \ zbw Pohn- I - f n¬

• •qt°m-kns\ tImi-ßf - n-
te°v IS-Øn-hn-Sp-∂Xv Xzcn-
X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p
• •qt°m-kns\ ss•t°m-P-
\m°n am‰p-∂p
• amwkyw, sImgp∏v F∂n-h-
bpsS \n¿amWw

C≥kp-en≥ c‡-Øn¬ •qt°mkns‚

β tImi-߃
tXmXv Ipd-bp-∂p

•qt°m-kns‚ Afhv
IqSp-tºmƒ
•qt°m-kns‚ Afhv
Ipdbp-tºmƒ
c‡- Ø n¬ •qt°m- ]m≥{In-bmkv : sFe‰vkv Hm^v α tImi-߃
kns‚ Afhv IqSp-∂p •q°-tKm¨
em≥K¿lm≥kv

• ss•t°m-Ps\ •qt°m-km-
°p∂p
• Aant\m BknUns\
•qt°m-km°n am‰p-∂p

- Ww II
Nn{Xo-Ic

Bt·- b - { KŸn D¬]m- Z n- ∏ n- ° p∂
tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fpsS ]c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-amb
{]h¿Ø-\-^-e-am-bm-Wv c‡-Øn¬ •qt°m-
kns‚ Afhv {Iao-I-cn-°-s∏Sp-∂-Xv. C≥kp-
en≥ c‡-Ønse •qt°m-kns‚ Afhv Ipd-
bv°p-∂Xv Fßs\-bm-sW∂p a\- n-em-
bt√m? _o‰mtImi-߃ {]h¿Ø-\-c-ln-
X-am-bm¬ c‡-Ønse •pt°m-kns‚ Afhv
h¿[n-°p-∂p. A[n-I-ap≈ •qt°m-kns\
aq{X- Ø n- e qsS ]pd- ¥ ≈p∂p. CXmWv
\ΩpsS \m´n¬ k¿h-km-[m-c-W-ambn I≠p-
h-cp∂ {]ta-ltcmKw (Diabetes mellitus).
hnb¿∏n--eq-sSbpw A[n-Ia- p≈ •qt°mkv ]pd-
Øp-t]m-Ip-∂p-≠v.
\mbbn¬ XpS-°-an´
C≥kp-en≥ ]co-£-Ww
{]ta-l-tcm-K-Øn\v Huj-[-ambn C≥kp-
en≥ I≠p-]n-Sn-®Xv Hcp- ]-´n-bn¬ \S-Ønb
]co- £ WØneq- s SbmsW- ∂ dn- b mtam?
1868˛¬ t]mƒ em≥Km¿l≥kv, ]m≥{In-
bmkv {KŸn-bn¬ {]tXyI Xc-Øn-ep≈
tImi-߃ Is≠-Øn-sb-¶nepw Ah-bpsS
[¿aw I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ 1921 hsc ImØn-cn-
t°-≠n-h-∂p. Im\-U-bn¬ _m≥Unw-Kns‚
t\Xr- X z- Ø n¬ Hcp ]´n- b psS Bt·b
{KŸn apdn-®p-am-‰n \S-Ønb ]co-£-W-amWv
B I≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-Øn-te°v \bn-®-Xv. ]´n-
bn¬ Is≠-Ønb {]ta-l-tcmKw P¥p-°-
fpsS ]m≥{In-bm-kn¬ \n∂p th¿Xn-cn®
C≥kp-en≥ IpØnsh-®-Xn-eqsS kpJ-s∏-´p.
Aßs\ a\p-jy-\n¬ D≠m-Ip∂ {]ta-lt- cm-
K-Øn\v C≥kp-en≥ IpØn-sh-°m-sa-∂m-bn.

87
Poh- i mkv { Xw

Cu tcmKw _m[n-®-h¿°v ico-c-`mcw sKmWm- U p- I ƒ (Gonads)

Ipd-bp-Ibpw t]in-Iƒ tem]n®v i‡n Ipd-
bp- I bpw £oWw A\p- ` - h - s ∏- S p- I bpw
sNøp∂p. tcmK-\n-b-{¥-W-Øn\v C≥kp-
en≥ IpØn-sh-°p-∂p. km[m-cW
- a - mbn P¥p-
°-fn¬ \n∂p tiJ-cn-°p∂ C≥kp-en-\mWv
CXn\v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂Xv. F∂m¬ P\-‰nIv
F©n-\o-b-dnwKv hgn _mIvSo-cnbbn-eqsS
\n¿an-°p∂ lyqa≥ C≥kp-en≥ Ct∏mƒ
e`yam-Wv.
a\p-jy-\nse ssewKn-Im-h-b-h-ß-fm-
Wt√m hrj- W hpw AWv U m- i - b - h pw.
enwKtImi-ß-fpsS D¬]m-Z-\-tØm-sSm∏w
Ch A¥x{km-hn-{K-Ÿn-I-fmbpw h¿Øn-°p-
∂p. GsX-√m-amWv Ch D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂
tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ? Nn{Xo-I-cWw III {i≤n-
°pI.

tlm¿tamWpIƒ [¿a߃
• ssewKn-Im-hb
- h
- ß
- f
- psS hf¿®
hrj-Wß
- ƒ sStÃm-Ãn-tdm¨ • _otPm¬]m-Z\w
≥ • Iuam-c-Ønse imco-cnI am‰-߃
pcp-j
]
• ssewKn-Im-h-b-h-ß-fpsS hf¿®
sKmWm-Up-Iƒ Cukvt{Sm-P≥ • AWvtUm¬]m-Z\w
k • B¿Ø-hN - {IØn¬ ]¶p-hl - n-°p-∂p
{v X • Iuam-c-Ønse imco-cnI am‰-߃
o AWvUm-i-b-߃

• K¿`m-i-b-h-f¿®
• K¿` -[m-cWsØ klm-bn-°p-∂p
s{]mP-Ã-tdm¨
• B¿Ø-h-N-{I-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂p
• {`qWsØ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂p.

Nn{Xo-I-cWw III

kv{XoI-fnepw ]pcp-j-∑m-cnepw sKmWm-

aq{X- Ø nse •qt°mkv ]cn- t im- [ n°mw Up-IfpsS {]h¿Ø\w Fßs\ hyXym-k-
aq{X- Ø nse ]©- k m- c - b psS Afhv
s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p? N¿®-sNbvXv kb≥kv Ub-
\n߃°p Xs∂ ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. CXn-\mbn
dnbn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.
Hcp sSÃv‰yq_n¬ 5ml _\UnIv‰v emb\n ]obq-j-{KŸn (Pituitary Gland)
FSpØv Xnf-∏n-°p-I. AXn- ¬ 8 Xp≈n
Xe-t®m-dns‚ ASn-`m-K-Ømbn Hcp ]b-
aq{Xw tN¿°p-I. H∂pIqSn NqSm°n \nd- dp-hn-Øns‚ BIr-Xn-bn¬ ImWp∂ {KŸn-
hy-Xymkw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I. \nd-hy-Xym-k- bm-Wv ]obq-j-{KŸn. Nn{Xw (5.5) \nco-£n-
Øn-\\
- p-kc
- n®v AS-ßn-bn-´p≈ •pt°m-kns‚ °pI. sslt∏m- X - e m- a - k p- a mbn CXv
Afhv IW-°m-°mw. Fßs\sb√mw _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂v
a\- n-em-°p-I.

88
 cmk- k - a - \ zbw Pohn- I - f n¬

\mUo-{khw ]pd-
s∏Sphn°p∂ tImi-߃

[a\n
[a\n

sslt∏m-X-em-akv

\mUo-X-¥p-°ƒ

teman-I-Iƒ ˛
tlm¿tam¨ kzX-{¥-am-°p∂p teman-I-Iƒ
]obp-j-{K-Ÿn-bpsS ap≥Zfw ]obp-j-{K-Ÿn-bpsS ]n≥Zfw

knc

Nn{Xw 5.5
sslt∏m-X-em-akpw ]obq-j-{K-Ÿnbpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w

tI{µ-\m-Uo-hy-hÿ

sslt∏m-X-em-akv
(\m
Uo-X
-¥p-h
dneo-knwKv tlm¿tam¨ (c-‡-Øn-eq-sS) gn)

]obpj{KŸnbpsS ap≥Zfw ]n≥Zfw

(t{Sm-^nIv tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ)
TSH ACTH GTH

ssXtdm-bnUv A{Uo\¬ AWvUm-ibw hrjWw

z ssXtdm-Ik
v n≥ z B¬tUm-Ãn-tdm¨ z s{]mP-Ãt- dm¨ z sSkvt
- ‰m-Ãn-tdm¨ z hf¿®m-tlm¿tam¨ z HmIvkn-tSm-kn≥
z hmtkm-{]-kn≥
z Im¬kn-tSm-Wn≥ z tIm¿´n-tkmƒ z Cukvt{Sm-P≥

- Ww IV
Nn{Xo-Ic

Nn{Xo-I-cWw IV {i≤n-°p-I. Cu tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ a‰p {KŸn-I-fpsS

z ]obq-j-{KŸn°v F{X Zf-ßfp≠v?
z GsX√mw tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fmWv ap≥Zf-
Øn¬ \n¿an-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv?
D¬]m- Z - \ sØ kzm[o- \ n- ° p- ∂ p. AXp
sIm≠v Chsb t{Sm^nIv tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
(Trophic hormones) F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

89
Poh- i mkv { Xw
F∂m¬ skmamt‰mt{Sm^n≥ (Somatotrophin)
F∂ hf¿®m tlm¿tam¨ t\cn´v ico-c-
tIm-iß - fn¬ {]h¿Øn°p-∂p. hf¿®bv°pw
ico-c`- mcw Iq´p-∂X
- n\pw CXv Imc-Wa
- m-Ip∂p.
hf¿®-bpsS L´-ß-fn¬ Cu tlm¿tam-
Wns‚ D¬]m-Z\w Ipd-™mtem? Aÿn-
I-fpsS hf¿® apc-Sn-°p-Ibpw ico-c-h-f¿®
B\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn Ipd-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
Cu Ah-ÿ-bmWv hma-\-Xzw (Dwarfism).
Nne Bfp-I-fn¬ tkmam-t‰m-t{Sm-^n≥
tlm¿tam¨ Aan-X-ambn D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°m-
dp≠v. ]obqj {KŸn-bn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ Syqa-
dmWv CXn\v {][m\ Imc-Ww. Syqa¿ cq]-
s∏-Sp∂ Ime-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v tcmK-e-£-
Whpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. hf¿®-
bpsS L´-Øn-emWv CXns‚ D¬]m-Z\w \S-
°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv `oam-Im-c-Xz-Øn-te°v
(Gigantism) \bn-°p-∂p. CØcw Bfp-Iƒ
s]m°w IqSn-bXpw `mcw IqSn-b-Xp-amb ico-
c-{]-IrXw D≈-hcmbncn°pw. hf¿®-bpsS
Imew Ign-™mWv Syqa¿ cq]-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-
¶n¬ B¥- c m- h - b - h - ß fpw ico- c - Ø ns‚
A{K- ` mKßfpw am{Xw hf- c p- ∂ p. Cu
tcmKsØ As{Imsa- K men (acromegaly
acro=A‰w, mega=-h-epXv ly=tcmKw) F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. AØcw Bfp-Iƒ°v hep∏w
IqSnb ssIIm- e p- I fpw XmSn- s b- √ p- I fpw
D≠mhpw. apJm-ÿn-Iƒ hf¿∂v hncq-]-am-
Ip-∂p.
]obqj {KŸn- b psS ]n≥Zf- Ø n¬
HmIv k n- t Sm- k n≥, hmtkm- { ]-   n≥ F∂o
tlm¿tamWp-Iƒ kw`-cn-°p-∂p. Ch \n¿an-
°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv sslt∏m-X-em-a-kn-em-sW∂v
\n߃°-dn-bm-a-t√m?
sslt∏m-X-em-akv (Hypothalamus)
sslt∏m-X-em-akv \n¿an-°p∂ c≠v
tlm¿tam- W pI- f m- W v hmtkm- { ]- k n- \ pw
90
HmIvkn-tSm-kn\pw. Nn{Xw 5.5 \nco-£n-°pI.
Chn-sS-bp≈ {]tXyI \mUotImi-߃
{khn-∏n-°p∂ tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ Fß-s\-
bmWv ]obqj- { KŸnbn¬ FØp∂Xv ?
F¥mWv Cu tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fpsS [¿aw?
th\¬°meØv aq{X-Øns‚ Afhv Ipd-
bp-∂-Xmbn A\p-`-h-s∏-´n-´nt√? hnb¿∏v
h¿[n-°p∂Xpaqew c‡-Ønse Pe-Øns‚
Afhv Ipd-bp-∂p. Cu ka-bØv ]obq-j-{K-
Ÿn-bnep≈ hmtkm{] n≥ ]pdtØ°p
{khn-°p-∂p. Ch hr°-bnse s\t{^m-Wp-
I-fn¬ FØn Pe-Øns‚ ]p\-cm-KncWw
h¿[n-∏n-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ hmtkm{] ns\
B‚n- s sU- b q- d - ‰ nIv tlm¿tam¨ (ADH)
F∂pw ]d-bm-dp-≠v.
c‡-Øn¬ Pe-Øns‚ Afhv IqSp-Xe - m-
bm¬ ADH {khn-°p-∂Xp Ipd-bp-∂p. AXns‚
^e- a mbn Pe- Ø ns‚ ]p\- c m- K nc- W w
Ipdbp∂p. h¿j-Im-eØv aq{X-Øns‚ Afhv
Pohn-I-fnepw Hcp t¢m°v
Pohn-I-fn¬ Ah-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-߃ ka-
b-_-‘n-X-am-bm-Wt√m \S-°p-∂-Xv. cm{Xn-
bn¬ Dd-ßp∂p. cmhnse DW-cp-∂p. ]pe¿
Imte tImgn-Iƒ Iqhp-∂p. CØcØnep≈
ssZ\w-Zn\ Xmfm-flmI {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf
(Circardian rhythms) \nb-{¥n-°m≥ ico-c-
Ønepw Hcp t¢m°v ˛ ssPh-LS- n-Imcw D≠v.
]obq- j - { K- Ÿ n- b psS FXn¿`m- K - Ø mbn
ÿnXn- s N- ø p∂ ]o\n- b ¬ {KŸn- b mWv
CXn\v klm-bn-°p-∂-Xv. CXp-¬]m-Zn-∏n-
°p∂ sae- t Sm- W n- s ‚bpw skd- t Sm- W n-
s‚bpw {]h¿Ø- \ - ^ - e - a m- b mWv CXv
km[y-am-Ip-∂X - v. cm{Xn-bn¬ c‡-Øn¬
sae-tSm-Wns‚ Afhv IqSp-∂X - mWv Dd-
°-Øn\p Imc-Ww. ]£n-I-fnepw a‰p
Pohn-I-fnepw IqSp-X¬ {]h¿Ø-\-£-a-
amb Cu {KŸn kkvX\ - n-If
- n¬ hfsc
Ipd-®p-am-{Xta hnImkw {]m]n-®n-´p-≈p.

IqSp-∂X
- ns‚ ImcWw hy‡-am-bn-t√? Hcm-
fn¬ ADH D¬]m-Z\w Xosc Ipd-™m¬
F¥m-bn-cn°pw Ahÿ? aq{X-Øn-eqsS Pew
[mcmfw \jvSs - ∏-Sp-at√m? Cu tcmK-amWv
Ub-_‰- nkv C≥kn-∏n-Ukv (Diabetes insipidus).
HmIvkn-tSm-kn≥ F∂ tlm¿tam¨
K¿`m-ib`nØn-bpsS kt¶m-N-Øn\p klm-
bn-°p-∂p. {]khw kpK-aa
- m-°p-∂p. IqSmsX
kvX\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]m¬ Npc-Øm\pw Cu
tlm¿tam¨ Bh-iy-am-Wv. Nne kµ¿`-
ß-fn¬ K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ°v HmIvkn-tSm-kn≥
IpØn-h-bv°m-dp-≠v. CXv F¥n\p th≠n-
bm-bn-cn°pw?
CXpIqSmsX at‰-sX√mw tlm¿tam-Wp-
I-fmWv sslt∏m-X-em-akv {khn-∏n°p-∂Xv?
Nn{Xo-I-cWw IV {i≤n°p-I.
]obp-j-{K-Ÿn-bpsS ap≥ZfsØ kzm[o-
\n-°p∂Xv sslt∏m-X-em-akv D¬]m-Zn-∏n-
°p∂ dneo-knMv tlm¿tam-Wp-IfmW-t√m.
]obqj {KŸn-bn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ tlm¿tam¨
D¬]m-Z-\sØ t{]cn-∏n-°p∂hbmWv Ch.
]obq-j-{K-Ÿn-bn¬ \n∂v D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂
Hmtcm tlm¿tam-Wn\pw hyXykvX dneo-
knMv tlm¿tam- W p- I fp≠v . F∂m¬
tlm¿tam¨ D¬]m-Z-\sØ XS-bp∂ Nne
tlm¿tam-Wp-Ifpw sslt∏m-Xe - m-akv D¬]m-
Zn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. ico-cØ - nse an° A¥x{km-
hn-{K-Ÿn-I-fp-sSbpw {]h¿Ø\w sslt∏m-
X- e m- a - k ns‚ \nb- { ¥- W - Ø n- e m- s W∂v
CXn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-bn-t√. Hcp tlm¿tam-
Wns‚ Afhv c‡-Øn¬ IqSp-Itbm Ipd-
bp-Itbm sNøp-tºmƒ AXns‚ D¬]m-Z-
\sØ DtØ-Pn-∏n-°p-∂-Xnt\m aµo-`-hn-°p-
∂-Xnt\m ]obq-j-{K-Ÿn-sbbpw sslt∏m-
X- e m- a - k n- s \bpw t{]cn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ p.
A¥x{kmhn{KŸn-IfpsS {]h¿Ø\w c‡-
Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ Hmtcm tlm¿tam-
Wn-s‚bpw Af-hns\ B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-
sh∂v a\- n-em-bn-t√.
cmk- k - a - \ zbw Pohn- I - f n¬
^nd-tam-Wp-Iƒ (Pheromones)
Ddp-ºp-Iƒ hgn-sX-‰msX k©-cn-°p-
∂Xv ^nd-tam-Wp-I-fpsS km∂n[yw aqe-am-
sW∂v \n߃°v Adn-bm-a-t√m. F¥mWv
^nd-tam-Wp-Iƒ? Pohn-Iƒ ico-c-Øn\p ]pd-
tØ°v ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂ Nne cmk-h-kvXp-
°-fmWh.
^nd-tam¨ Hcp Xncn-®-dn-b¬ Im¿Uv
s]¨ sN∂mb®ne¥n (Wolf spider) B-
Wns\ kzo-I-cn-°p∂Xv ^nd-tam¨ F∂
Xncn-®-dn-b¬ Im¿Uv D≈-t∏mƒ am{Xw.
CW-tN¿∂v ^nd-tam¨ \jvS-s∏-´mtem;
DSs\ AXns\ sIm∂p Xn∂p-∂p. s]¨
]´p- \ q¬ ie`w D¬]m- Z n- ∏ n°p∂
bombykol F∂ ^nd-tamWns‚ km∂n[yw
Xs‚ B‚n\ D]-tbm-Kn®v \mep Intem-
ao-‰¿ AIse \n∂p-t]mepw B¨ ie`w
Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. tX\o®°q´n¬ dmWn ]pd-
s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂ ^nd-tam¨ a‰p tX\o-®-
IfpsS AWvUm-i-b-Øns‚ hf¿® XSbp-
∂p. \£- { X- a - ’ y- ß ƒ _oP- t Im- i - ß -
tfmsSm∏w ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂ ^nd-tam¨
a‰p \£- { X- a - ’ y- ß - s fbpw CXn- \ mbn
t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂p.-^etam _oP-kw-tbmKw
Dd-∏m-Ip∂-p.
Ikv X qcn arKØns‚ (Musk dear),
]n≥`m-KØp \n∂p e`n°p∂ IkvXqcn,
shcp-In¬ (Civet cat) \n∂v D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂
shcp-In≥]pgp (Civetin) F∂nhbn¬ ^nd-
tam- W p- I ƒ AS- ß n- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . ]- i p, ]´n,
F∂nh aXn (heat) ka-bØv ^nd-tam¨
D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂p. CWsb BI¿jn--°pI,
hgn- a-\- n-em-°pI XpS-ßn-b- {]h¿Ø-\-
߃s°m∏w Htc kv]ojo-knse PohnIƒ
XΩn¬ Bi- b - h n- \ n- a bw \S- Ø m\pw
^ndtam¨ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p.
Irjnsb B{I-an-°p∂ IoS-ßsf ^nd-
tam¨ sIWn D]-tbm-Kn®v BI¿jn®v
sIm√p-∂-Xmbn \n߃ a\- n-em-°n-bn-´p-
≠t√m.
91
Poh- i mkv { Xw
cmkk-a-\zbw kky-ß-fn¬
P¥p-°-fnse Poh¬{]-h¿Ø-\-߃
\nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xn¬ tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ°p≈
]¶v a\-   n- e m- ° n- . kky- h - f ¿®- b n¬
tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ°p≈ {]m[m\yw F¥m-
sW∂p t\m°mw. kky- ß - f n¬ hf¿®,
]pjv]n-°¬ XpS-ßnb {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf
\nb- { ¥n- ° p- ∂ Xv tlm¿tam- W p- I - f m- W v .
F∂m¬ tlm¿tam¨ D¬]m- Z - \ - Ø n\v
{]tXyI {KŸn-Iƒ C√. D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-
Sp∂ tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ°v k©-cn-°p-hm≥
{]tXyI kwh-l\ hyh-ÿbpan√.
t^\-߃
tImi- tImi- cq]-s∏-Sp∂p
a¿aw kvXcw {Zhyw
A B
sacnÃanI tImi-Øns‚ hf¿®
Zzn_oP]{X kkyw
A{K-sa-cnÃw˛A{K-`mKw hf-cp-
∂-Xn\v klm-bn-°p∂p
]m¿iz-sa-cnÃw˛hÆw
sh°p-∂-Xn\v klm-bn-°p∂p
]¿hm-¥-c -sa-cnÃw˛Imfi-Øns‚
Zo¿Ln°-en\p klm-bn-°p∂p
A Imfiw
]m¿iz-sa-cnÃw
A{K-sa-cnÃw
thcv
C D
Nn{Xw 5.7
sacnÃapI-fpsS ÿm\w
92
kky-I-e-Iƒ
kkyßfpsS ico- c - Ø n¬ hf¿®-
bv°mbn {]tXyI Ie-Iƒ Ds≠∂v Adn-
bm-a-t√m. kky-ß-fpsS hf-cp∂ `mKØp
ImWp∂ {]tXyIXcw tImi-ßsf sacn-
Ã-anI tImi-߃ (Meristematic cells) F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. Nn{Xw (5.6) \nco-£n-°p-I. Hcp
sacn-Ã-anI tImiw Hcp km[m-cW tImi-
Øn¬ \n∂v Xmsg -]-d-bp-∂ Imcyß-fn¬
Fßs\ hyXym- k - s ∏- ´ n- c n- ° p∂psh∂v
Is≠-Øp-I.
tImi- hep-Xmb
{Zhyw
t^\w
C D
Nn{Xw 5.6
GI_oP]{X kkyw
z tImi{Z-hy-Øns‚ Afhv
z t^\-Øns‚ LS-\-bn-ep≈
hyXymkw
z tImi-`n-Øn-bpsS I\w
z a¿a-Øns‚ hep∏hpw tImi-
h-ep-∏hpw XΩn-ep≈ A\p-
]m-Xw
B
sacn-ÃanI -tIm-i-߃ hn-`-
P-\-ti-jn-bp-≈-tIm-i-ß-fm-Wv.
F∂m¬ km[m- c W tImi-
߃°v hn`-P-\-ti-jn-bn-√-t√m.
kky-h-f¿®bv°p ImcWw sacn-
ÃanI tImi-ß-fm-Wv. hnhn[
sacn-Ã-ap-I-fpsS ÿm\w kqNn-∏n-
°p∂ Nn{Xw (5.7) \nco-£n-°p-I.
 cmk- k - a - \ zbw Pohn- I - f n¬

z ]m¿iz-sa-cn-Ãhpw (Lateral meristem) (Sclerenchyma), sskew, ^vtfmbw F∂nh

A{K-sa-cn-Ãhpw (Apical meristem) Ah-
bpsS {]h¿Ø- \ - Ø n- ¬ Fßs\
hyXym-k-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p?
z ]¿hm¥c sacn-Ã-Øns‚ (Intercalary
maristem) [¿aw F¥v?
z thcp-I-fpsS hf¿®-bn¬ sacnÃØns‚
]s¶¥v?
\nK-a\
- ß- ƒ kb≥kv Ub-dn-bn¬ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øp-I.
sacn- Ã - a nI tImi- ß - f n¬ \n∂mWv
kky-I-e-I-fmb ]mc≥ssIa (Parenchyma),
tImf≥ssIa (Collenchyma), kv¢od≥ ssIa
cq]-s∏-Sp-∂X- v. sacn-Ãa
- nI tImi-ßf
- psS hn`-
P-\hpw hnIm-khpw aqe-amWv kky-߃
hf-cp-∂-Xv. kky-h-f¿®sb \nb-{¥n-°p∂
LS-I-ß-fmWv kkytlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ.
kky-tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
kky-ß-fn¬ A¥x-{kmhn {KŸn-Iƒ
Cs√∂p a\- n-em-bt- √m. sacn-Ãa
- nI tImi-
ß-fn-emWv tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ \n¿an-°p-∂-Xv.
hnhn[ kkytlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ GsX-√m-
amsW∂p t\m°mw. {][m-\-s∏´ kky-
tlm¿tam-WpIfmWv HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ (Auxins).
Ah-bpsS {]h¿Ø\w F¥mWv? Nn{Xw
(5.8) \nco-£n-°pI.

HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ Imfim-{K-Øn¬

kqcy-{]-Imiw

_mly-tIm-i-߃

HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ Imfi- kqcy-{]-Imiw _mly-tIm-i-߃ Zo¿Ln-

Øns‚ A{K-`m-KØv G¬°mØ `mKØv °p∂p Imfiw {]Im-i-
HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ tI{µo-I- Øn\p t\sc hf-cp∂p
cn-°p∂p

HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ thcn¬

kqcy-{]-Imiw

kqcy-{]-Imiw
G¬°mØ `mKØv HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ tI{µo-I-cn-°p∂
_mly-tIm-i-߃ HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ tI{µo-I- `mKsØ tImi-߃ hn`-Pn-°p-∂n√.
cn-°p∂p _mly-tIm-i-߃ Zo¿Ln-°p∂p
{]Im-i-Øns\Xnsc hf-cp∂p

Nn{Xw 5.8
HmIvkn-\p-I-fpsS {]h¿Ø\w

93
Poh- i mkv { Xw
z HmIvkn- \ p- I ƒ ImWvU- Ø ns‚
hf¿®sb Fßs\ kzm[o-\n-°p∂p?
z thcns‚ hf¿®bpw {]Im- i - Ø ns‚
Znibpw XΩn¬ Fßs\ _‘-s∏-´n-cn-
°p∂p?
\nK-a\
- ß
- ƒ kb≥kv Ub-dn-bn¬ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-ØpI.
kky-N-e-\-߃
tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-^-e-
ambn kkyßfpsS hf¿®m-Zn-isb {]Imiw
Fßs\ kzm[o-\n-°p∂p F∂v a\- n-em-
°n-. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ hf¿® kky-ß-fn¬
Ne\w krjvSn-°p-∂p. ]q°ƒ hn-cn-bp-∂X
- pw
_nPk-¶-e-\-Øn-\mbn ]cm-K-\mfw hf-cp-
∂Xpw kky-ßf - n¬ ImWp∂ Ne\w Xs∂-
bt√? kkyNe-\-߃°v IqSp-X¬ DZm-l-
c-W-߃ Is≠-Øp-I. Ahsb Ne-\-Zn-i-
I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ h¿Ko-I-cn-°p-I.
t{Sm∏nI Ne-\hpw \mÃnI Ne-\hpw
k- k y- I mWv U w {]Im- i - a p≈ `mK-
tØ°p h-f-cp-∂-Xmbn I≠p--. thcp-Iƒ
Peap≈-`m-K-tØ°p hfcp-∂p. AXm-bXv,
CØcw Ne-\-ß-fn¬ Ne-\-Zn-i, D±o-]-\-
Øns‚ Znisb kzm[o\n°p∂p. F∂m¬
sXm´m-hm-Sn-bpsS Ce Iqºp-∂tXm? Ce-
bpsS GXp-`m-KØv kv]¿in-®mepw AXns‚
Ne\ Znibv ° p am‰- a n- √ - t √m? D±o- ] - \ - Z n-
ibv°v A\p-k-cn-®p≈ Ne-\-amWv t{Sm∏nI
Ne-\-߃ (Tropism). D±o-]-\-Zn-i-bp-ambn
_‘-an-√mØ Ne-\-amWv \mÃnI Ne-\-
߃. c≠p-Xcw Ne-\-߃°pw IqSp-X¬
DZm-l-c-W߃ Is≠-ØpI.
Ne\Zn-i, D±o-]\ Znibv-°p- t\sc-bm-
sW-¶n¬ AXp \n›nX t{Sm∏nI Ne-\hpw
(Positive tropism) FXn¿Zn-i-bn-em-sW-¶n¬
\ntj- [ - t{Sm- ∏ nI Ne- \ hpw (Negative
tropism) BWv.
94
sXm´m¬ hmSp-∂-Xnse ck-X{¥w
sXm´m- h mSnbn¬ \Ωƒ kv ] ¿in- ° p∂
`mKØv D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ cmk-hkvXp
(tlm¿tam¨) kwh- l \Ie- I - f n- e qsS
k©-cn®v CesR´n-se-Øp-∂p. X¬^-e-
ambn B `mKsØ tImim-¥c ÿe-ß-
fn¬ Pe-Øns‚ FIvtkm-kvtam-knkv \S-
°p-∂p. CXv Ce aS-ßp-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-am-
Ip∂p. D±o-]\w Ce-bpsS A{K-`m-KØp
\n∂v Ce- s R- ´ n- t e°pw a‰v Ce- I - f n-
te°pamWv (Hcp sk°‚ n- \ p- ≈ n¬
GI-tZiw 3sk.-an. Zqcw) k©-cn-°p-∂p.
apfbv-°m≥ XpS-ßnb Hcp hen-b hnØv
aÆn\p kam-¥m-c-ambn sh°p-I. hf¿®
\nco-£n-°p-I. _oP-aqew Ftßm-´mWv h-f-
cp-∂Xv? _oP-io¿jtam? hnØv adn®n´v
]nt‰-Zn--hkw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I. Ct∏mƒ hf¿®-
bn¬ h∂ am‰-sa¥v? `qKp-cpXzw F∂ D±o-]-
\- a mWv Ch- b psS hf¿®sb kzm[o- \ n-
°p∂Xv . Cu Ne- \ - Ø n\v F¥p t]cv
\¬Imw. thcv \n›nX `qKp-cpXz t{Sm∏nI
Ne- \ hpw Imfiw \ntj[ `qKp- c p- X z -
t{Sm∏nI Ne-\-hp-am-Wt√m ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.
t{Sm∏nI Ne-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v a\- n-em-°n-b-
t√m. C\n Xmsg -sIm-SpØncn-°p∂ ]´nI
]q¿Øn-bm-°p-I.
t{Sm∏n-I-
D±o-]\w ImWvUw thcv
N-e\w
{]Imiw {]Im-i- \n›nXw \ntj-[Iw
t{Sm-∏n-I-
N-e\w
`qKp-
cpXzw
Pew
apI-fn¬ kqNn-∏n® kky Ne-\-ßsf
°qSmsX Ah-bn¬ {]I-S-am-Ip∂ a‰p Ne-\-
߃ GsXm-s°-sb∂p t\m°mw.
 cmk- k - a - \ zbw Pohn- I - f n¬

cmkt{Sm∏nI Ne\w (Chemotropism) IpSp- X ¬ DZm- l - c - W ߃ Is≠- Ø p- I .

]q°-fn¬ ]cm-K-WØ -- n-\p-tijw ]cm-
K-\mfw hf-cp∂Xv GXv D±o-]-\sØ e£y-
am-°n-bmWv? AWvUm-ibw D¬]m-Zn-∏n°p-
∂ Nne cmk-h-kvXp-°fm-Wv Cu Ne-\-
Øn\p ImcWw. CØcw Ne-\sØ cmk-
t{Sm-∏nI Ne\w F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
lm∏vtSmt{Sm∏nkw (Haptotropism)
]bdpsNSnIƒ Xmßn¬ Np‰n- ° - b -
dp∂Xv {i≤-®n-´n-t√? CXpw Hcp Ne-\a
- t- √?
Xmßn¬ kv]¿in-°p-tºm-gm-Wt√m AXp
Np‰p-∂-Xv. kv]¿iw aqew D≠m-Ip∂ Ne-
\sØ lm∏vtSmt{Sm-∏nkw F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
kw`r-Xm-lmcw
CØcw kky-Ne - \
- ß
- ƒ°p ]pdta a‰pXc-
Øn-ep≈ Ne-\ß - fpw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah-
sb-°p-dn®v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ {ian-°pI.
kky-h-f¿®bpw tlm¿tam-Wp-Ifpw
HmIv k n- \ p- I ƒ kky- N - e - \ - ß sf
Fßs\ kzm[o-\n-°p∂p F∂p a\- n-em-
°n-bt- √m. HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ am{X-amtWm CXn¬
]s¶-Sp-°p-∂Xv? Xmsg- sIm-SpØncn °p∂
Nn{Xw \nco-£n-°p-I. (Nn{Xw 5.9) at‰-sX√mw
kky- t lm¿tam- W p- I - ƒ kky- h - f ¿®sb
klm-bn-°p∂p? Fs¥-√m-amWv Ah-bpsS
{]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ? N¿®-sNbvXv \nK-a\ - ß- ƒ
kb≥kv Ub-dn-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

{`qWw

hnØv {`qW-Øn¬ Kn∫-dn-√n≥ sskt‰m-In-\n≥ sskt‰m-In\n-\p-Iƒ

(Giberellin) F∂ (Cytokinin), {]h¿Øn-°p∂p, tImi-
A{K-sa-cn-Ã-Ønse
tlm¿tam¨ D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°- HmIvkn≥ F∂o hn-`-P\w \S-°p-∂p.
HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ
s∏´v kw`r-Xm-lm-csØ tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
{]h¿Øn-°p∂p
hnL-Sn-∏n-°p∂p \n¿an-°-s∏-Sp-∂p
_oP-io¿jhpw _oP-
aq-ehpw hf-cp∂p

HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ
]m¿iz-th-cp-I-fpsS
hf¿® Xzcn-X-s∏-Sp-
Øp∂p

A_vskknIv BknUv
(Abscisic acid) F∂ FYn-eo≥(Ethylene ˛ hmXI -
tlm¿tam¨ Ce-I-fn¬ cq]w)F∂ tlm¿tam¨
\n¿an-°p∂p ˛ ]mI-amb ]g- hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬ \n¿an-°-s∏-
ßfpw Ce-Ifpw sImgn-bp-∂- Sp∂p. Ce-Iƒ, ^e-߃
Xn\v klm-bn-°p∂p F∂nh ]mI-am-Ip-∂-Xn\p
klm-bn-°p∂p
Nn{Xw 5.9
kky-h-f¿®bpw tlm¿tam-Wp-Ifpw
HmIvkn-\p-Iƒ
Imfi-Øns‚
Zo¿Ln-°-en\p
klm-bn-°p∂p
Kn∫-dn-en-\p-Iƒ Imfim-{K-
ß-fn¬ \n¿an-°-s∏-Sp∂p.
Ce-Iƒ hncn-bp-∂-Xn\p
klm-bn-°p∂p
* GI- _o-P-]{X kky-ß-
fn¬ Imfi-Øns‚ Zo¿Ln-
°-en\p klm-bn-°p∂p

95
Poh- i mkv { Xw
em`w-sIm-øm≥ kky-tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
amß Xosc C√mØ ImeØv amß ]dn-
°m≥ Ign-™mtem F¥m-bn-cn°pw
KpWw. hºn® hne e`n°pw. CXn-\p≈
am¿K- a mbn kky tlm¿tam- W p- I ƒ D]-
tbm- K n- ° m- s a- ∂ m- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . Bh- i y- a p≈
GXp ImeØpw ss]\m-∏nƒ e`n-°p-hm≥
ap≥Iq´n FYn-en≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ,
]™ap≈ Ime-tØ°v ]dn-s®-Sp-°p-hm≥
ap¥n-cn-bn¬ Kn∫dnen≥ Xfn®v ]mI-am-Ip-
∂Xv sshIn-°mw. D≈n-Ifpw Ing-ßp-Ifpw
Kn∫dnen≥ D]- t bm- K n®v apfbv - ° msX
kq£n®v hne-Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈-t∏mƒ hn¬°mw.
hnØn-√mØ ap¥ncn D≠m-°p-hm≥
HmIvkn\pw ap¥n-cn-ßbpsS hep∏w h¿[n-
°p-hm≥ Kn∫¿en°v BknUpw D]-tbm-
Kn-°mw. aqs∏-ØmØ \mc-ßbpw ss]\m-
∏nfpw amßbpw FYn- e n≥ D]- t bm- K n®v
]gp∏n°mw. tKmXºpw s\√pw ]mS-ß-fn¬
HSn™p-ho-gp-∂Xv chlormequat chloride
Xfn®v XS- b mw. d∫- d ns‚ ]msem- g p°v
Iq´m≥ FYn-en≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°mw.
Xo¿∂n√. CXns‚ km[y-X-Iƒ A\-h-
[n-bm-Wv. Irjn BZm-b-I-c-am-°m≥
imkv{Xt\´w F{X D]-Im-c-{]-Zw!
kky-h-f¿®-bn¬ hnhn[ tlm¿tam-Wp-
Iƒ hln-°p∂ ]¶v F{X-am-{X-am-sW∂v
t_m[y-am-b-t√m. kky-tlm¿tam¨, Ah-
bpsS Dd- h n- S w, tlm¿tamWp- I fpsS
{]h¿Ø\w F∂nh ImWn-°p∂ ]´nI
Xmb-dm-°p-I.
96
Ir{Xna kky-tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ
amß, X°mfn XpS-ßnb ]g-h¿K-߃
hmWn-Pym-Sn-ÿm-\Ø
- n¬ ]gp-∏n-°p-∂X
- n\pw
Htc Ime-b-f-hn¬ ssIX-®° ]pjv]n-°p-
∂-Xn\pw F-Ynen≥ AS-ßnb cmk-h-kvXp-
°ƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂Xmbn tI´n-cn-°p-a-t√m.
as‰-s¥√mw cmkh-kvXp-°-fmWv C{]-Imcw
D]-tbm-Kn°p∂Xv.
z ImWvU-Øn¬ Ir{Xn-a-ambn thcp apf-
∏n-°m≥ \m^vX-en≥ Ak-‰nIv Bkn-
Un¬ (NAA) ap°nhbv°p-∂p.
z Dcp-f-°n-g-ßn¬ apIp-f-߃ hfcp-∂Xp
XS-bm≥ ^n\-bn¬ Ak‰nIv BknUv
(PAA) Xfn-°p-∂p.
z PAA, 2-4D (2-4 Dichloro phenoxy acetic
acid) F∂nh- If-\m-in-\n-If
- mbn D]-tbm-
Kn-°p-∂p.
as‰-s¥√mw cmk-h-kvXp-°-fmWv Cu
cwKØv D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v
Is≠-Øp-I.
Ir{Xna kky- t lm¿tam- W p- I - f psS
I≠p-]n-Sn-Øt- ØmsS Im¿jnI cwKØv hnπ-
h-I-c-amb am‰-߃ D-≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-
IbmWv. Ch-bpsS Aim-kv{Xo-b-amb D]-
tbmKw a\p-jycn¬ Ht´sd {]iv\-߃
krjvSn-°p-hm-\p≈ km[yXbp≠v. AXn-
\m¬ hfsc Icp-X-temSpIqSn am{Xw Ch
ssIImcyw sNøm≥ \mw {i≤n-t°-≠X - p≠v.

kw{Klw
™ Poh¬{]-h¿Ø-\-ßsf \nb-{¥n-
°p- I bpw GtIm- ] n- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
sNøp-∂-Xn¬ A¥x{kmhn {KŸn-
Iƒ {][m\ ]¶p-h-ln-°p-∂p.
™ \ΩpsS imco-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-
amb hf¿®sb ssXtdmbnUv
{KŸn kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p.
™ Im¬kn- t Sm- W n- s ‚bpw ]mcm-
sXm¿tam-Wn-s‚bpw ]c-kv]c ]qc-
I- { ]- h ¿Ø- \ - ß ƒ c‡- Ø nse
Im¬ky-Øns‚ Af-hv km[m-c-W-
tXm-Xn¬ \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂p.
™ ASn- b - ¥ ncL´- ß sf XcWw
sNøp-∂-Xn\v A{Un-\m-en≥ ico-
csØ k÷-am-°p-∂p.
™ ]m≥{In-bm-knse sFe‰vkv Hm^v
emwK¿lm≥kv c‡-Ønse ]©-
km-c-bpsS Af-hv {Iao-I-cn-°p∂p.
™ sKmWm-Up-Iƒ ssewKnI Ah-b-
h-ß-fpsS hf¿®-sbbpw {]h¿Ø-
\-ß-sfbpw \nb-{¥n-°p-∂p.
™ ]nbq- j - { K- Ÿ n- b n¬ \n∂p≈
hyXykvX tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ a‰v
A¥x-{kmhn{K-Ÿn-If - n¬ \n∂p≈
tlm¿tam¨ D¬]m-Z\ - w \nb-{¥n-
°p∂p.
™ ]obq-j-{K-Ÿnbpw sslt∏m-X-em-
akpw \mUn-I-fmepw c‡°p-g-ep-
Ifmepw _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.
™ ]obq- j - { K- Ÿ n- b psS {]h¿Ø- \ -
ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p-∂Xv sslt∏m-
cmk- k - a - \ zbw Pohn- I - f n¬
X- e m- a - k n¬\n∂p≈ dneo- k nMv
tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fm-Wv.
™ hnhn[ tlm¿tam-Wp-I-fpsS A`m-
htam B[n-Iytam Btcm-Ky-{]-iv\-
߃°v Imc-W-am-Ip∂p.
™ Pohn-Iƒ Np‰p-]m-Sn-te°v {khn-
∏n°p∂ cmk-h-kvXp-°-fmWv ^nd-
tam-Wp-Iƒ.
™ ^nd- t am- W p- I ƒ Htc kv ] ojo-
knse Pohn-Iƒ XΩn¬ Bi-b-hn-
\n- a bw \S- Ø p∂Xn\v , CWsb
BI¿jn- ° p∂Xn\pw klm- b n-
°p∂p.
™ kky-ßf - psS hf¿®bv°p ImcWw
sacn-Ã-ap-I-fm-Wv.
™ kky-ß-fpsS Ne-\-Zn-i-bn¬ D±o-
]-\-ß-fpsS kzm[o\sØ Bkv]-
Zam°n t{Sm∏n- I - N - e - \ - ß fpw
\mÃnINe-\-ßfpw D≠mIp-∂p.
™ D±o-]-\sØ Bkv]-Z-am°n hnhn-[-
Xcw t{Sm∏n-I-N-e-\-߃ kky-ß-
fn¬ ImWp-∂p.
™ tImi- h n- ` - P - \ w, tImi- ß - f psS
Zo¿Ln- ° ¬, ]pjv ] n- ° ¬, ^e-
߃ ]mI- a m- ° ¬ XpS- ß nb
{]h¿Ø-\-ßsf kky-tlm¿tam-
Wp-Iƒ kzm[o-\n-°p∂p.
™ Ir{Xn- a - k - k y- t lm¿tam- W p- I ƒ
Im¿jn-I-cw-KØv hym]-I-ambn D]-
tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.
97
Poh- i mkv { Xw
XpS¿{]-h¿Ø-\-߃
¬ Hcp {]ta-l-tcm-Kn-bpsS aq{X-Ønse
]©-km-c-bpsS Afhv hyXym-k-s∏-´p-
sIm- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ p. Imc- W - s a- ¥ m- b n-
cn°pw?
¬ ]mcm-ssX-tdmbnUv tlm¿tam¨ Poh≥
\ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ {][m\ ]¶p-h-ln-
°p-∂p. \nß-fpsS A`n-{]mbw km[qI-
cn-°p-I.
¬ Hcmƒ Ae- k - \ mbn ImWs∏Sp- ∂ p.
`£-W-tØmSv hnc‡n ImWn-°p-∂p,
icocw ho¿Øn- c n- ° p∂p. DW- ß n-
hc≠ Xz°v , Ipd™ lrZ- b - a n- S n∏v
F∂o e£-W-ßfpw ImWp-∂p. Cbm-
fpsS `£- W - { I- a - Ø n¬ hcp- t Ø≠
am‰w \n¿tZ-in-°pI.
¬ ]obq-j-{KŸn sslt∏m-X-em-a-kp-ambn
\mUn- I - f mepw c‡- ° p- g - e p- I - f mepw
_‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. sslt∏m-X-em-a-
kn¬\n∂p≈ tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ Fhn-
sS-sb√mw sh®mWv c‡-Øn¬ Ie-cp-
∂Xv?
¬ ]mI-amb ^e-ß-fn¬ FYn-eo≥ ImW-
s∏-Sp-∂p. ]mI-am-ImØ X°m-fn-I-fpsS
Iq´-Øn¬ Hcp ]gw h®n-cp-∂m¬ X°m-
fn- I ƒ°v F¥v am‰am- W p- ≠ m- h pI?
F¥p-sIm≠v?
98
¬ thcns‚ Pe-t{Sm-∏nI Ne\w hy‡-am-
°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp ]co-£Ww \n¿tZ-
in-°p-I.
¬ tX\o®°qSns\ i{Xp-°ƒ B{I-an-°p-
tºmƒ Hcp tX\o® Hcp i{Xp-hns\
IpØn-°-gn-™m¬ a‰p tX\o-®-Ifpw
B i{Xp-hns\ IpØm≥ XpS-ßp-∂p.
CXn\v F¥p hni- Z o- I - c - W - a mWv
\n߃°p \evIm≥ Ign-bp-I?
¬ GI-_oP]{X-k-ky-߃ Zzn_o-P-]-{X-
k- k y- ß - f n- t e- X p- t ]mse km[m- c - W -
bmbn hÆw hbv°n-√. Cu {]kvXm-
h\ hne-bn-cp-Øp-I.
¬ Hcp tXm´- ° m- c ≥ tdmkv , Nph∂
apkm‚ (Mussanda) F∂n-h-bpsS IqSp-
X¬ ssXIƒ In´p-∂X - n-\mbn Ah-bpsS
imJ-Iƒ apdn-s®-SpØv hnhn[ N´n-I-
fn¬ \´p. F∂m¬ Ah- s b√mw
DWßn-t∏m-bn. Iºp-Iƒ Ffp∏w thcp-
]n- S n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ mbn At±- l sØ
\n߃°v klm-bn-°mtam?
¬ {]ta-l-tcm-Kn-Iƒ°v Aan-Xamb -Zmlw
tXm∂p-∂p. Ah¿ [mcmfw Pew IpSn-
°p-∂p. Cu {]kvXm-h-\ hne-bn-cp-
ØpI.
Œ