Mam Chop

O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
MUC LUC
Li m au....................................................................5
CHNG 1: GII THIEU VE ACETONE VA QUI TRNH
CONG NGHE....................................................................6
1. Gii thieu s bo..........................................................7
2. San xuat Aceton..........................................................8
3. Cong nghe chng cat hon hp Acetone Nc.........9
4. Chon loai thap chng cat va phng phap chng cat
9
5. S o qui trnh cong nghe va thuyet minh qui trnh
cong nghe
10
CHNG 2: CAN BANG VAT CHAT CAN BANG NANG
LNG.............................................................................14
1. Can bang vat chat..................................................15
1.1 o th can bang Acetone Nc....................................16
1.2 Xac nh ch so hoi lu thch hp..................................17
1.3 Ve ng lam viec...........................................................19
1.4 Xac nh so mam ly thuyet va so mam thc te.. .19
2. Can bang nang lng...............................................21
2.1 Can bang nhiet lng cua thap chng cat..................21
2.2 Can bang nhiet lng cua thiet b ngng tu...............23
2.3 Can bang nhiet lng cua thiet b lam lanh san
pham nh............................................................................23
2.4 Can bang nhiet lng cua thiet b lam nguoi san
pham ay (trao oi nhiet vi nhap lieu ban au).....24
CHNG 3: TNH TOAN THIET B CHNH........................25
I.
Kch thc thap .......................................................26

1. ng knh oan cat ...........................................................26
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2. ng knh oan luyen........................................................28

3. Chieu cao thap ....................................................................30
II. Tnh toan chop va ong chay chuyen...................31
A.
Tnh cho phan cat......................................................31
B.
Tnh cho phan chng...................................................32
III. Tnh chi tiet ong dan ..............................................37

1.
ng knh ong dan hi vao thiet b ngng tu.....37
2.
Ong dan dong chay hoan lu.................................38
3.
Ong dan dong nhap lieu........................................38
4.
Ong dan dong san pham ay..............................38
5.
Ong dan t noi un qua thap.................................39
IV. Tnh tr lc thap......................................................39

A.
Tong tr lc phan cat................................39
1.
Tr lc a kho Pk...................................................39
2.
Tr lc do sc cang be mat...................................40
3.
Tr lc cua lp chat long tren a ( Tr lc
thuy tnh Pt ).......................................................................40

B.
Tong tr lc phan chng.............................41
1. Tr lc a kho Pk...................................................41
2.
Tr lc do sc cang be mat...................................41
3. Tr lc cua
lp chat long tren a ( Tr lc
thuy tnh Pt )......................................................................42

CHNG 4: TNH C KH ...................................................44
1.
Tnh be day than tru cua thap...................45
2.
Tnh - chon be day ay va nap thiet b....47
3.
Chon bch va vong em................................48
4.
Tnh mam.........................................................49
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GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
5.
Chan va tai treo thiet b.........................50
6.
Tnh bao on....................................................53
CHNG 5: TNH THIET B PHU......................................58

I. Thiet b gia nhiet hon hp au hay thiet b lam
nguoi san pham ay...............................................59
1. ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh.....................................59
2. Nhiet tai..................................................................................60
3. Chon thiet b...........................................................................60
II. Thiet b lam nguoi san pham nh .....................64
1.
ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh .........................64
2.
Nhiet tai.......................................................................65
3.
Chon thiet b................................................................65
III. Thiet b ngng tu hoi lu.........................................69

1.
ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh..........................69
2.
Nhiet tai.......................................................................70
3.
Chon thiet b................................................................70
4.
Xac nh he so cap nhiet t dong san pham
nh en thanh ong............................................................70
5.
Xac nh he so cap nhiet t
nc 71
thanh ong en
6.
Nhiet tai rieng............................................................72
7.
He so truyen nhiet...................................................72
8.
Be mat truyen nhiet.................................................72
9.
Chieu dai moi ong....................................................72
IV. Thiet b noi un........................................................73

1. ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh ....................................73
2. Nhiet tai..................................................................................74
3. Chon thiet b...........................................................................74
4. Xac nh he so cap nhiet t dong san pham nh
en thanh ong......................................................................74
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5. Tnh he so cap nhiet cua san pham ay noi..............75

6. He so truyen nhiet...............................................................75
7. Be mat truyen nhiet............................................................75
8. Chieu dai moi ong...............................................................75
V. Tnh bon cao v- Bm...................................................76
1. Tnh bon cao v.........................................................................76
2. Tnh bm.....................................................................................79
CHNG 6: TNH GIA THANH THIET B........................81
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO..................................................83
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GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
LI M AU
Mot trong nhng nganh co s ong gop to ln en
nganh cong nghiep nc ta noi rieng va the gii noi
chung o la nganh cong nghe hoa hoc. ac biet la
nganh hoa chat c ban.
Trong thc te, chung ta s dung rat nhieu dang hoa
chat khac nhau: hon hp nhieu chat hay n chat tinh khiet.
Ma nhu cau ve mot loai hoa chat tinh khiet cung rat ln.
Qua trnh co the ap ng phan nao o tinh khiet theo
yeu cau la chng cat: la qua trnh tach cac cau t trong
hon hp long long, hay hon hp long kh thanh cac cau
t rieng biet da vao o bay hi khac nhau cua chung.
Va oi vi he acetone nc, do khomg co iem ang
ph nen co the at c bat ky o tinh khiet theo yeu cau
nh qua trnh chng cat.
Nhiem vu thiet ke: tnh toan he thong chng luyen lien
tuc e tach hon hp hai cau t : acetone nc vi cac
so lieu sau ay:
Nang suat san pham nh : 1500 Kg/h
Nong o san pham nh : 98% theo khoi lng
Nong o nhap lieu : 30%
Ap suat lam viec : ap suat thng.
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CHNG 1
GII THIEU VE
ACETONE VA QUI
TRNH
CONG NGHE
1.
Gii thieu s bo :
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Acetone co cong thc phan t : CH3COCH3 .Khoi lng

phan t bang 58.079 vC
La mot chat long khong mau, de lu ong va de
chay, vi mot cach em du va co mui thm.
No hoa tan vo han trong nc va mot so hp chat hu
c nh : eter, metanol, etanol, diacetone alcohol
ng dung : Acetone c ng dung nhieu lam dung moi
cho cong nghiep, v du cho vecni, sn, sn mai, cellulose
acetate, nha, cao su No hoa tan tot t acetate, nitroxenluloz,
nha phenol focmandehyt, chat beo, dung moi pha sn, mc in
ong ong. Acetone la nguyen lieu e tong hp thuy tinh
hu c.
T Acetone co the tong hp ceten, sumfonat (thuoc ngu),
cac holofom.
c tm thay au tien vao nam 1595 bi Libavius, bang
chng cat khan ng, va en nam 1805 Trommsdorff tien
hanh san xuat Acetone bang cach chng cat Acetat cua bo
tat va soa : la mot phan oan long nam gia phan oan
ru va eter.
Mot so thong so vat ly va nhiet ong cua Acetone :
Nhiet o nong chay
:
-94.6 0C ;
Nhiet o soi : 56.9 0C ;
Ty trong
: d 20 ;
Nhiet dung rieng Cp
102 0C)
o nht
22 Kcal/mol (chuan
0.316 cp ( 250C)
Nhiet tr
: 0.5176 cal/g ( 200C)
Tnh chat hoa hoc :
Cong hp vi natri bisunfit:
OH
CH3COCH3 + H2O CH3 - C - SO3Na
CH3
( 1-metyl-1-hydroxi etan sunfonat natri )
Cong hp axit HCN:
OH
CH3CO + HCN CH3-C-CN
CH3
( pH= 4-8 )
Phan ng ngng tu :
OH
O
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GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
CH3-CO-CH3 + HCH2C=O CH3-C-CH3-C-CH3

CH3
CH3
( 4-oxy-4-metyll-2-pentanon)
Acetone kho b oxi hoa bi thuoc th Pheling, Toluen,
HNO3, KMnO4 ,
Ch b oxi hoa bi hon hp KMnO4 + H2SO4, Sunfocromic
K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4
B gay mach cacbon.
CH3-C-CH3 CH3-C-CH2-OH CH3-C-CH=O CH3COOH +
HCOOH
O
O
O
Phan ng kh hoa :
CH3COCH3 + H2 CH3CHOH-CH3
ieu che :
Oxy hoa ru bac hai:
CH3CHOH-CH3 CH3COCH3 + H2O
Theo phng phap Piria : nhiet phan muoi canxi cua
axit cacboxylic:
(CH3COO)2Ca CH3COCH3 + CaCO3
T dan xuat c magie :
O
O
CH3-C-Cl + CH3-MgBr CH3-C-CH3 + Mg-Br
Cl
2.
San xuat Acetone :
Trong thi ky chien tranh the gii lan th nhat, do nhu
cau ve nguon Acetone rat ln, tong khi co s gii han trong
viec thu dc Acetone t s chng cat go, nen e bo sung
nguon Acetone Hoa Ky a ap dung phng phap chng cat
khan Ca(CH3COO)2 thu c bang cach len men ru co mat
xuc tac vi khuan e chuyen carbohydrate thanh Acetone va
Butyl Alcohol.Cong nghe nay c ng dung chu yeu trong
suot chien tranh the gii lan th nhat va nhng nam 20 .
Tuy nhien, en gia nhng nam 20 va cho en nay cong
nghe tren c thay bang cong nghe co hieu qua hn
(chiem khoang phng phap san xuat Acetone cua Hoa
Ky) : Dehydro Isopropyl Alcol.
Ngoai ra, con mot so qua trnh san xuat Acetone khac :
Oxi hoa Cumene Hydro Peroxide thanh Phenol va
Acetone.
Oxi hoa trc tiep Butan Propan.
Len men Carbo hydrate bi vi khuan ac biet.
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GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Cong ty Shell s dung no nh mot san pham

phu.
Tong hp Acetone bang cach Dehydro Isopropyl Alcol co
xuc tac:
CH3CHOHCH3 + 15.9 Kcal ( 3270C ) CH3COCH3 + H2

Xuc tac s dung ay : ong va hp kim cua
no, oxit kim loai va muoi.
nhiet o khoang 325 0C , hieu suat khoang
97%.
xu c ta c
Dong kh nong sau phan ng gom co : Acetone,

lng Isopropyl Alcol cha phan ng, H2 va mot phan
nho san pham phu ( nh Propylene, diisopropyl eter ).
Hon hp nay c lam lanh va kh khong ngng c
loc bi nc . Dung dch long c em i chng cat
phan oan, thu c Acetone nh va hon hp cua
nc, Isopropyl Alcol ( t ) ay.
Cong nghe chng cat hon hp Acetone Nc
3.
:
Ta co Acetone la mot chat long tan vo han trong nc
va nhiet o soi cua Acetone ( 56.9 0C 760 mmHg) va
Nc ( 100 0C 760 mmHg) : la kha cach xa nhau nen
phng phap hieu qua nhat e thu c Acetone tinh khiet
la chng cat phan oan da vao o bay hi khac nhau cua
cac cau t trong hon hp.
Trong trng hp nay ta khong the s dung phng
phap co ac v cac cau t eu co kha nang bay hi, va
khong s dung phng phap trch ly cung nh hap thu do
phai a vao mot pha mi e tach chung, co the lam cho
qua trnh phc tap hn, hay qua trng tach khong c hoan
toan.
4.
Chon loai thap chng cat va phng phap
chng cat :
Chng cat la qua trnh phan tach cac hon hp
long thanh cac cau t rieng biet da vao s khac
nhau ve o bay hi cua chung ( hay nhiet o soi ),
bang cach lap i lap lai nhieu lan qua trnh bay hi
ngng tu, trong o vat chat i t pha long vao pha hi
hoac ngc lai.
oi vi chng cat ta co hai phng phap thc hien
:
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GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Chng cat n gian (dung thiet b hoat ong

theo chu ky):
Phng phap nay s dung trong cac trng hp sau
+ Khi nhiet o soi cua cac cau t khac xa

nhau .
+ Khi khong oi hoi san pham co o tinh
khiet cao .
+ Tach hon hp long ra khoi tap chat khong
bay hi .
+ Tach s bo hon hp nhieu cau t .
Chng cat lien tuc hon hp hai cau t (dung
thiet b hoat ong lien tuc): la qua trnh c thc
hien lien tuc, nghch dong, nhieu oan.
Ngoai ra con co thiet b hoat ong ban lien tuc .
Trong trng hp nay, do san pham la Acetone
vi yeu cau co o tinh khiet cao khi s dung , cong
vi hon hp Acetone Nc la hon hp khong co
iem ang ph nen chon phng phap chng cat lien
tuc la hieu qua nhat.
Chon loai thap chng cat :
Co rat nhieu loai thap c s dung, nhng eu co
chung mot yeu cau c ban la dien tch be mat tiep xuc
pha phai ln, ieu nay phu thuoc vao o phan tan cua
mot lu chat nay vao lu chat kia .
Ta khao sat hai loai thap chng cat thng dung la thap
mam va thap chem:
Thap mam gom than thap hnh tru, thang
ng, pha trong co gan cac mam co cau tao khac
nhau, tren o pha long va pha hi c cho tiep xuc
vi nhau.
Gom co : mam chop, mam xuyen lo , mam van.
Thng s dung mam chop .
Thap chem la mot thap hnh tru, gom nhieu
oan noi vi nhau bang mat bch hay han . Vat chem
c o ay trong thap theo mot hay hai phng
phap : xep ngau nhien hay xep th t .
Chon loai mam chop e thc hien qua trnh chng cat v
nhng u iem sau:
De dang lam ve sinh thong qua cac ca sa
cha .
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GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Vi cung mot chc nang, tong khoi lng

thap mam thng nho hn so vi thap chem.
Hieu suat mam khong oi oi vi mot
khoang van toc dong long hoac kh.
Co the lap at ong xoan giai nhiet tren
mam khi can thiet .
Thap mam thch hp trong trng hp co so
mam ly thuyet hoac so n v truyen khoi ln .
Thap c thiet ke e co the gi c mot
lng long nhat nh tren mam.
Chi ph thap mam co ng knh ln re hn so
vi thap em .
De dang a vao hoac loai bo cac dong ben .
Tnh on nh cao.
5.
S o qui trnh cong nghe va thuyet minh
qui trnh cong nghe :
a. S o qui trnh cong nghe (xem trang sau)
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O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
H i k hong ng n g
N c
8
15
14
P
N c
T
N c
10
5
7
T
N c
11
S an P h am
nh
H i N c
P
12
13
2
N c L o n g
S a n P ha m ay
N g uy e n L ieu
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S an P h am ay
Trang 12
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Chu thch :
1.
Bon cha nguyen lieu .
2.
Bm.
3.
Bon cao v .
4.
Bay hi .
5.
Lu lng ke .
6.
Van .
7.
Thap chng cat .
8.
Thiet b ngng tu san pham nh .
9.
Bo phan chnh dong .
10. Thiet b lam nguoi san pham nh .
11. Bon cha san pham nh .
12. Noi un .
13. un soi nhap lieu bang san pham ay .
14. Ap ke .
15. Nhiet ke .
b. Thuyet minh qui trnh cong nghe :
Hon hp Acetone- Nc co nong o Acetone 30% ( theo
khoi lng) , nhiet o khoang 27 0C tai bnh cha nguyen
lieu (1) c bm (2) bm len bon cao v (3). T o c
a en thiet b gia nhiet (3) ( trao oi nhiet vi san
pham ay). ay, hon hp c un soi en nhiet o
soi . Sau o, hon hp c a vao thap chng cat (7)
a nhap lieu.
Tren a nhap lieu, chat long c tron vi phan
long t oan cat cua thap chay xuong. Trong thap hi,
i t di len gap chat long t tren xuong . ay,
co s tiep xuc va trao oi gia hai pha vi nhau. Pha
long chuyen ong trong phan chng cang xuong di
cang giam nong o cac cau t de bay hi v a b pha
hi tao nen t noi un (12) loi cuon cau t de bay hi .
Nhiet o cang len tren cang thap, nen khi hi i qua
cac a t di len th cau t co nhiet o soi cao la
nc se ngng tu lai, cuoi cung tren nh thap ta thu
c hon hp co cau t Acetone chiem nhieu nhat ( co
nong o 98% theo khoi lng ). Hi nay i vao thiet b
ngng tu (8) va c ngng tu mot phan ( ch ngng tu
hoi lu). Mot phan chat long ngng i qua thiet b lam
nguoi san pham nh (10), c lam nguoi en 30 0C ,
roi c a qua bon cha san pham nh (11). Phan
con lai cua chat long ngng c hoi lu ve thap a
tren cung vi ty so hoan lu toi u . Mot phan cau t
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co nhioet o soi thap c boc hi, con lai cau t co

nhiet o soi cao trong chat long ngay cang tang . Cuoi
cung, ay thap ta thu c hon hp long gom hau
het la cau t kho bay hi ( nc). Hon hp long ay
co nong o Acetone la 2% theo khoi lng, con lai la
nc. Dung dch long ay i ra khoi thap, mot phan
dc un, boc hi noi un (12) cung cap lai cho thap e
tiep tuc lam viec, phan con lai c trao oi nhiet vi
nhap lieu ( sau khi qua bon cao v ).
He thong lam viec lien tuc cho ra san pham nh
la Acetone, san pham ay sau khi trao oi nhiet vi
nhap lieu c thai bo.
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CHNG 2
CAN BANG VAT

CHAT
CAN BANG NANG
LNG
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1. Can bang vat chat

Cac so lieu ban au :
Nang suat san pham nh thu c :1500 ( Kg/h )
San pham co nong o Acetone : 98% theo khoi
lng.
Nhap lieu co nong o Acetone : 30% theo khoi lng
.
Thiet b hoat ong lien tuc.
Cac ky hieu :
F : lng nhap lieu ban au ( Kmol/h )
D : lng san pham nh ( Kmol/h )
W : lng san pham ay ( Kmol/h )
xF :nong o mol Acetone trong nhap lieu
xD : nong o mol Acetone trong san pham nh
xW : nong o mol Acetone trong san pham ay
Phng trnh can bang vat chat cho toan bo thap
chng cat :
F=D+W(1)
F * xF = D * xD + W * xW ( 2 )
Chuyen t phan khoi lng sang phan mol:
xF
M1
molAcetone )
xF
(1 x F )
+
M2
xF = M 1
=
0.30
58
0.30 (1 0.30 )
+
58
18
= 0.117(phan
xD
M1
D
xD
(1 x D )
+
M1
M2
0.98
58
0.98 (1 0.98 )
+
58
18
= 0.938
(phanmolAcetone)
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xw
M1
0.02
58
xw
(1 x w )
0
.
02
(1 0.02 )
+
+
M
M
18
1
2
=
= 58
= 0.006 ( phan
xW
molAcetone)
(Chon san pham ay co nong o khoi
lng cua Acetone la 2% )
Tnh Mtb :
Mtb F = xF * M1 + (1- xF ) * M2
= 0.117 * 58 + (1 0.117 ) * 18
= 22.68 ( Kg/Kmol)
Mtb D = xD * M1 + (1- xD ) * M2
= 0.938* 58 + (1 0.938) * 18
= 55.52 ( Kg/Kmol)
Mtb W = xW * M1 + (1- xW ) * M2
= 0.006 * 58 + (1 0.006 ) * 18
= 18.24 ( Kg/Kmol)
Suat lng san pham nh :
D
1500
D= M
= 55 ,52 = 27.017 ( Kmol/h )
tb
( 1 ) va ( 2 ) ta co he phng trnh :
D
F= D+ W
F * xF = D * xD + W* xW
F = 2 7.0 1 +7W
F * 0.1 1 =7 2 7.0 1 *70.9 3 +8W * 0.0 0 6
F = 2 2.86 4( K m /oh)l
W = 1 9.89 3( K m /oh)l
F = 5 1 4.84 6( K g/ h)
W = 3 6 4.84 6( K g/ h)
hay
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1.1
Acetone Nc :
th
can
bang
y = phan mol acetone trong pha hi
Thanh phan can bang long (x), hi (y) tnh bang %mol
va nhiet o soi cua hon hp hai cau t 760 mmHg
( Acetone nc ):
x 0
5
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10
0
y 0
60. 72 80. 82. 84. 85. 86. 88. 90. 94. 10
3
3
7
2
5
9
2
4
3
0
t 10 77. 69. 64. 62. 61. 60. 59. 59 58. 57. 56.
0
9
6
5
6
6
7
8
2
5
9
ACETONE-N
C
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
x =pha
n mol acetone trong pha lo
ng
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1.2
lu thch hp :
Xac nh ch so hoi
a. Ch so hoi lu toi thieu :

Do nhap lieu trang thai long bao hoa, nen Rmin
c xac nh nh sau:
x D y F*
Rmin = *
y F xF
*
xF = 0.117 y F
= 0.74 ( Xac nh t ng
can bang )
Rmin = 0.3178
b. Ch so hoi lu thch hp :
Cho cac gia tr Rxi > Rxmin e tm cac gia tr tung o
Bi tng ng va ve cac ng nong o lam viec cua
oan luyen ng vi cac gia tr Bi o :
Bi =
xD
Rx i +1
Tm cac iem a( y= x= xD ), b( y= x= xw ) va ng x =
xF ( song song vi truc tung ). C moi gia tr Bi ta ve c
ng nong o lam viec cua oan luyen va oan
chng .
Nh vay ng vi moi gia tr Rxi ta co so n v
chuyen khoi chung tng ng la mxi.
Ta co bang sau :
Rx
Bi
mx
mx* (Rx + 1)
0.8
0.5211
6.86
12.348
0.9
0.4936
6.00
11.400
0.92
0.4885
5.92
11.366
0.95
0.4810
5.91
11.524
1.0
0.4690
5.89
11.780
1.1
0.4466
5.82
12.222
1.2
0.4263
5.79
12.738
1.3
0.4078
5.74
13.202
1.4
0.3908
5.64
13.536
The tch thap la V = f * H
f : tiet dien thap, m2
H : chieu cao lam viec cua thap, m
Ta biet tiet dien cua thap t le thuan vi lng hi
i trong thap, ma lng hi lai t le thuan vi lng long
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 19
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
hoi lu trong thap, nh vay tiet dien thap t le vi

lng hoi lu .
Tc la f ( Rx + 1 ) * GD
Trong mot ieu kien lam viec nhat nh th GD la
khong oi,
nen f ( Rx + 1).
Con chieu cao thap t le vi so n v chuyen khoi
H mx , nen cuoi cung ta co the viet V = f*H mx ( Rx
+ 1)
T o ta se lap c s phu thuoc gia Rx _ mx * ( Rx
+ 1 ) . Moi quan he nay se cho ta tm c mot gia tr Rx
ma the tch cua thiet b chng cat ng vi no la toi
u Rxth .
Ve o th quan he gia (mx i *(Rxi + 1) _ Rxi ) e tm
Rxth .
( Xem trang sau)
mxi*(Rxi +1)
Ch
soho
i lu thch hp
14
13.5
13
12.5
12
11.5
11
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Rxi
Ve ng lam viec :
1.3
1.3
Phng trnh ng lam viec lam cat :

y=
Rx
xD
x+
R x +1
R x +1
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 20
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
=0.479*x + 0.4885
Phng trnh ng lam viec phan chng:
Rx + F
L 1
x - R +1 x
Rx +1
x
L0
Vi L =
= 8.396
D
y=
y = 4.8521*x 0.023
1.4
Xac nh so mam ly
thuyet va so mam thc te :
Do ieu kien nhap lieu la long bao hoa, ta co
ng nhap lieu la ng :
x = xF = 0.117
ke cac ng lam viec cua phan cat va phan
chng tren cung o th c so bac thang la 5.92 ,
tng ng vi so mam ly thuyet la 6 ( ke ca noi
un )
Xac nh hieu suat trung bnh cua thap tb :
tb = f ( , )
=
y 1 x
1y
x
: o bay hi tng oi
x, y : nong o phan mol cua cau t de bay hi trong

pha long, pha hi
o nht cua hon hp long : tra theo nhiet o
tb = ( 1 + 2 + 3) / 3
1 , 2 , 3 : lan lt la hieu suat mam nh,
mam ay, mam nhap lieu.
T gian o x-y, t-x,y : tm nhiet o tai cac v tr va
nong o pha
hi can bang vi pha
long :
V tr mam nh :
xD = 0.938
yD = 0.962 y D = 0.988
tD = 57.55 O C
V tr mam nhap lieu :
xF = 0.117
yF = 0.74 y F = 0.902
tF = 68.5 O C
V tr mam ay :
xW = 0.006
yW = 0.09 y w = 0.242
tW = 96.00 O C
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 21
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Xac nh o nht, o bay hi tng oi, hieu suat

tai cac v tr :
V tr mam nh :
tD = 57.55 O C nc = 0.49 * 10-3 Ns/m2
acetone = 0.2386 * 10-3 Ns/m2
( Tra bang I.102 va I.101 So tay tap mot )
lg hh = xD* lg acetone + ( 1 xD ) * lg nc
hh = 0.2477*10-3 Ns/m2
= 1.6733
* = 0.4145*10-3
1 = 0.63 ( Hnh IX.11- So tay tap 2 )
V tr mam nhap lieu :
tF = 68.5 O C nc = 0.4145 * 10-3 Ns/m2
acetone = 0.2175 * 10-3 Ns/m2
lg hh = xF * lg acetone + ( 1 xF ) * lg nc
hh = 0.3844 * 10-3 Ns/m2
= 21.48
* = 8.258 * 10-3
2 = 0.31 ( Hnh IX.11- So tay tap 2 )
V tr mam ay :
tW = 96 O C nc = 0.2962 * 10-3 Ns/m2
acetone = 0.1759 * 10-3 Ns/m2
lg hh = xW * lg acetone + ( 1 xW ) * lg nc
hh = 0.2953 * 10-3 Ns/m2
= 16.385
* = 4.838 * 10-3
3 = 0.33 ( Hnh IX.11- So tay tap 2 )
hh = ( 1 + 2 + 3 )/3
= ( 0.64 + 0.3 + 0.33 )/3
= 0.432
Ntt =
5.92
= 13 ( mam )
0.432
So mam thc te cho phan cat : 10

So mam thc te cho phan chng : 3
Va nhap lieu mam so : 10
2. Can bang nang lng
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 22
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
2.1Can bang nhiet lng cua thap chng cat

Phng trnh can bang nang lng :
QF + QD 2 + QR = Qy + Qw + Qxq 2 + Qng 2
Nhiet lng do hon hp au mang vao QF (j/h)
QF = F .CF .tF
F = 5144.86 (Kg/h)
tF = 68.5 oC : nhiet o i vao cua hon hp au (
trang thai long soi )
CF : nhiet dung rieng :
tF = 68.5 oC Cnc = 4190 (J/Kg.o )
Cacetone = 2332.62 (J/Kg.o)
CF = xF .Cacetone + ( 1- xF ).Cnc
= 0.3* 2332.62 + ( 1- 0.3 )*4190 = 3632.78
(J/Kg.o )
QF = 5144.86 * 3632.78 68.5 = 1.28010 9 (J/h) = 355.63
(KW)
Nhiet lng do hi ot mang vao thap QD 2 (J/h):
QD 2 = D2 * 2 = D2 * (r2 + C2* t2)

Dung hi nc ap suat 2at , r2 = 2173 (Kj/Kg), to=
119.6 oC
2 : nhiet lng rieng cua hi ot ( J/Kg)
r2 : an nhiet hoa hi ( J/Kg)
t2 , C2 : nhiet o oC va nhiet dung rieng cua nc
ngng (J/Kg.o)
Nhiet lng do lu lng long hoi lu mang vao :
Q R = G R * C R * tR
CR = CD :nhiet dung rieng cua san pham nh :
tD = 57.3 oC Cnc = 4187.96 ( J/Kg.o)
Cacetone = 2296.06 (J/Kg.o )
CD= CR = xD * Cacetone + ( 1 - xD ) Cnc
= 0.98*2296.06 + ( 1-0.98 )*4187.94 = 2333.89
( J/Kg.o )
GR = D *R = 1500*0.92 = 1380( Kg/h)
tR = tD = 57.3 oC
QR = 1380*2333.89*57.25 = 1.844*108 = 51.22(KW)
Nhiet lng do hi mang ra nh thap Qy :
Qy = D .( 1+ R). D
Nhiet lng rieng cua hi nh thap D :
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 23
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
D = acetone. yD + nc ( 1 - yD )
Vi yD = 0.988 (phan khoi lng )
acetone , nc :: nhiet lng rieng cua acetone,
nc :
acetone = racetone + tD . Cacetone
nc = rnc + tD . Cnc
rnc, racetone , Cacetone , C nc tra bang I.212 va bang
I.153 (So tay tap mot ) tD=57.3 oC
Cacetone = 2296.06 ( J/Kg.o )
Cnc = 4187.94 (J/Kg.o )
racetone = 521.46 (Kj/Kg)
= 2425.6 ( Kj/Kg)
nc
nc =
2665.36*103(J/Kg)
acetone = 652.91 *103(J/Kg)
D = 677.06 ( Kj/Kg)
Qy= 1.95*109(J/h) = 541.65 (KW)
* Nhiet lng do san pham ay mang ra Qw :
Qw= W .Cw .tw
W = 3644.86 (Kg/h)
tw = 96 oC
xw = 0.02 ( phan khoi lng )
nhiet o 96 oC Cacetone = 2422(J/Kg.o)
Cnc = 4222( J/Kg.o)
Cw= 4186 (J/Kg.o )
Qw = 1.465*109 ( J/h) =406.86 (KW)
Nhiet lng ton that ra moi trng xung quanh Qxq2:
Lay Qxq2 = 5%QD 2
Nhiet lng do nc ngng mang ra Qng2 (J/h)
Qng2 = Gng2 . C2 .t2
Vay lng hi ot can thiet e un soi dung dch
ay
thap
:
D2 =
Qy + Qw + Qxq 2 QF QR
2
= 930 (Kg/h)
Qy + Qw QF QR
0.95* r2
2.2 Can bang nhiet lng cua thiet b ngng tu :

Ch ngng tu hoi lu :
D.Rx .rD = Gn1.Cn1.(t2 t1 )
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 24
O AN MON HOC
Gn1 =
o
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
D.Rx .rD
Cn1.(t2 t1 )
Chon nhiet o vao, ra cua nc lam lanh t1 = 27

C , t2 = 40 0C
t =
(t1 + t2 ) 27 + 40
=
=33.5 0C
2
2
Nhiet dung rieng cua nc nhiet o trung bnh C n

= 4180.94 (J/Kg.o )
yD = 0.962 tD (hi) = 57.3 0C
C
3
An nhiet hoa hi r 57.3
acetone = 521.46 * 10 (J/Kg)
0
C
3
r 57.3
nuoc = 2425.60*10 ( J/Kg)
rD = 544.31 *103 ( J/Kg)
Suy ra lng nc lanh can tieu ton Gn = 13820 (Kg/h)
=3.839( Kg/s)
2.3 Can bang nhiet lng cua thiet b lam lanh

san pham nh :
Phng trnh can bang nang lng :
D.(rD + CD .(t1' t2' )) = Gn 3 .Cn .(t2 t1 )
Nhiet o vao cua san pham nh t 1' =57.3 0C

'
Nhiet o ra cua san pham nh t 2 = 30 0C

Nc lam nguoi co nhiet o vao, ra la :t1 = 27 0C,
t2 = 40 0C
Nhiet o trung bnh cua nc lam lanh ttb = (27+
40 )/2 = 33.5 0C
Nhiet dung rieng cua nc nhiet o ttb la Cn =
4176.6 (J/Kg.o )
Nhiet o trung bnh cua san pham nh : t tb' = (57.3 +
30 )/2 = 43.65 0C
t tb' = 43.65 0C Cacetone = 2251.86 ( J/Kg.o )
Cnc = 4177.74 (J/Kg.o )
CD = 2290.38 ( J/Kg.o )
An nhiet hoa hi rD = 544.31 *103 ( J/Kg)
Suy ra lng nc can dung :
Gn3
D.(rD + CD (t1' t2' ))

=
= 16764.76 ( Kg/h)
Cn .(t2 t1 )
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 25
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
2.4 Can bang nhiet lng cua thiet b lam nguoi

san pham ay ( trao oi nhiet vi nhap lieu
ban au ):
Phng trnh can bang nhiet lng :
Q1' = F .CF .(tF t f ) + Qxq = W ' .Cw .(t1' t2' )
tf = 27 0C
tF = 68.5 0C
t=
t f + tF
2
= 47.750 C

Cnc = 4180.81 ( J/Kg.o )
Cf = xF .Cacetone + (1 xF ).Cnuoc
= 0.3*2265.19 + ( 1- 0.3)* 4180.81
= 3606.12 ( J/Kg.o )
'
t 1 =tw = 96 0C
Chon t '2 = 70 0C
t' =
t1' + t2'
= 830 C
2

Cnc = 4196 ( J/Kg.o )
Cw = xw .Cacetone + (1 xw ).Cnuoc
= 0.02 * 2379.75 + ( 1- 0.02 )*4196 = 4159.67
(J/Kg.o)
Chon Qxq = 5% Q 'w
'
'
'
0.95* W .Cw .(t1 t2 ) = F .CF .(tF t f )
'
W =
F .CF .(tF t f )
0.95* Cw *(t t )
'
1
'
2
1500*3606.12*(68.5 27)
= 2184.86( Kg / h)
0.95* 4159.67 *(96 70)
Con 3644.85 - 2184.86 = 1460 (Kg/h) thai ra ngoai.
CHNG 3
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 26
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
TNH TOAN
THIET B CHNH
I. Kch thc thap

ng knh thap c xac nh theo cong thc sau :
D = 0.0188
g tb
( y * y ) tb
Trong o
g tb : lng hi trung bnh i trong thap ( Kg/h )
( tb * y )tb : toc o hi trung bnh i trong thap
( Kg/h )
V rang lng hi va lng long thay oi theo chieu cao
cua thap va khac nhau trong moi oan cho nen ta phai
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 27
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
tnh ng knh trung bnh rieng cho tng oan : oan chng
va oan cat .
1.
ng knh oan cat :
Nong o trung bnh cua pha long :
xm = ( xF + xD )/2 = (0.117 + 0.938 )/2 = 0.5257
Nong o trung bnh cua pha hi theo phng trnh
ng lam viec :
ym = 0.479 * xm + 0.4885
= 0.479 * 0.5275 + 0.4885
= 0.7412
Nhiet o trung bnh cua pha hi, pha long t gian
o t-x,y:
xm = 0.5275 tx = 60.25 OC
ym = 0.7412 ty = 68.3 OC
Khoi lng mol trung bnh va khoi lng rieng pha
hi :
Mm = ym * Macetone + ( 1 ym ) * Mnc
= 0.7412 * 58 + ( 1 0.7412 ) * 18
= 47.648 ( Kg/ Kmol )
M m' * TO
47 .648 * 273
= 22 .4 * T ' = 22 .4 * (273 + 68 .3) = 1.701 ( Kg/m3 )
y
Khoi lng rieng pha long :

xm = 0.5275
0.5275 * 58
= 0.5275 * 58 + (1 0.5275 ) *18

= 0.7825 ( phan khoi lng )
O
t x = 60.25 C acetone = 746 ( Kg/m3 )
nc = 983 ( Kg/m3 )
( Bang I.2 So tay tap mot )
x m
'
'
xm
' = '
+
acetone
x
=
0.7825
746
(1 x m )
'
nuoc
(1 0.7825 )
983
= 1.270 * 10-3
= 787.28 (Kg/m3 )
Lng hi trung bnh i trong oan luyen :
tb = ( g + g1 )/2 ( Kg/h )
g : lng hi ra khoi a tren cung
g = GR + GD = GD ( Rx + 1)
= D ( Rx +1 ) = 1500 ( 0.92 + 1)
= 2880 ( Kg/h )
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 28
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
g1 : lng hi i vao a di cung cua oan cat

g1 = G1 + GD = G1 + D
= G1 + 1500 (Kg/h )
Lng hi g , ham lng y

1
, lng long G1 c xac
nh theo he phng
trnh sau :
g1 = G1 + D
g1 * y1 = G1 * x1 + D * x D
g *r = g *r
1 1 d d
( x1 =
xF
r1 = racetone * y 1 + ( 1 - y 1 ) * rnc
r = racetone * y D + ( 1 - y D ) * rnc
Tai v tr nhap lieu :
tF = 68.5 OC ra = racetone = 509.38 ( Kj/Kg )
rb = rnc = 2388.57 ( Kj/ Kg )
( Bang I.212-So tay tap mot )
r1 = ra * y 1 + ( 1 - y 1 ) * rb
= 2388.57 - 1879.19 * y 1
Tai v tr nh thap :
tD = 57.25 OC ra = racetone = 521.46 ( Kj/Kg )
rb = rnc = 2425.60 ( Kj/ Kg )
( Bang I.212-So tay tap mot )
yD = 0.962 ( phan mol ) y D = 0.988 ( phan khoi
lng )
r = ra * y D + ( 1 - y D ) rb
= 544.31 ( Kj/ Kg )
g1 * r1 = g * r = 1567612.8
g1 = G1 + 1 5 0 0
g1 * y1 = G1 * 0.3 0+ 1 5 0*00.9 8 ( r
g * r = 1 5 6 7 6.81 2
1 1
1
= 2388.57 1879.19* y
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 29
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
y1 = 0.8 3 4
g1 = 1 9 0.49 4 8
G = 4 0 .94 4 8
1
gtb = ( g1 + g ) /2
= ( 1909.448 + 2880 )/2 = 2394.72 ( Kg/h)
Van toc hi i trong thap :
( y * y )tb = 0.065 * [ ] * h * x * y (Kg/m2*s )
tb
tb
x tb : khoi lng rieng trung bnh cua pha long:

x = 787.28 ( Kg/m3 )
y tb : khoi lng rieng trung bnh cua pha hi:
y = 1.701( Kg/ m3)
h : khoang cach mam ( m ), chon h = 0.3
[ ] : he so tnh en sc cang be mat
1
hh = acetone + nuoc
So tay tap mot )
=(
1
17 .604
1
64 .706
acetone
nuoc
tra bang I.242-
hh = 13.84 < 20 dyn/cm

Nen theo so tay tap hai : [ ] = 0.8
( y * y )tb = 0.065 * 0.8 * 0.3 * 787 .28 *1.701
= 1.042 (Kg/m2*s )
ng knh oan cat :
Dcat = 0.0188 *
2394 .72
1.042
= 0.901 ( m )
Chon Dcat theo tieu chuan : 0.9 ( m)

2.
ng knh oan luyen :
Nong o trung bnh cua pha long :
xm = ( xF + xW )/2 = (0.117 + 0.006 )/2 = 0.0615
Nong o trung bnh cua pha hi theo phng trnh
ng lam viec :
ym = 4.8521 * xm - 0.023
= 4.8521 * 0.0615 0.023
= 0.2754
Nhiet o trung bnh cua pha hi, pha long t gian
o t-x,y:
xm = 0.0615 tx = 73.75 OC
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 30
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
ym = 0.2754 ty = 89.91 OC
Khoi lng mol trung bnh va khoi lng rieng pha
hi :
Mm = ym * Macetone + ( 1 ym ) * Mnc
= 0.2754 * 58 + ( 1 0.2754 ) * 18
= 29.016 ( Kg/ Kmol )
M
* T
y =
=
2
2
.4
* T
"
m
29 .016 * 273
22 .4 * ( 273 +89 .91)
O
"
y
= 0.974 ( Kg/m3 )
Khoi lng rieng pha long :

xm = 0.0615 x m = 0.1743 ( phan khoi lng )
tx = 73.75 OC acetone = 727.44 ( Kg/m3 )
nc = 975.44 ( Kg/m3 )
( Bang I.2 So tay tap mot )
1
"
x
''
(1 x m )
''
nuoc
"
a
c
e
t
o
n
e
"
m
(1 0.1743 )
0.1743
+
727 .44
975 .44
x = 920.73 (Kg/m3 )
Lng hi trung bnh i trong oan chng :
gtb = ( gn + g1 )/2 ( Kg/h )
g1: lng hi i vao oan chng
gn : lng hi ra khoi oan chng
V lng hi ra khoi oan chng bang lng hi i vao
oan luyen nen gn = g1
Hay gtb = ( g1 + g1 )/2
Lng hi i vao oan chng g1, lng long G1 va
ham lng long x1 c xac nh theo he phng trnh
can bang vat chat va can bang nang lng :
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 31
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
G1' = g1' + W
' '
'
G1 * x1 = g1 * y W + W * xW g
' ' ' '
g1 * r1 = g n * rn = g1 * r1
Vi
= 3644.86 ( Kg/h )
= 0.02
xW
xW = 0.006 t ng can bang yW = 0.09 ( phan mol )
y W = 0.242 ( phan khoi lng )
gi * r1 = 1567612.8
r1 = ra * y W + ( 1 - y W ) rb
Tai ay thap :
tW = 96 OC ra = 477.71 ( Kj/Kg )
rb = 2273.43 ( Kj/Kg )
( Bang I.212- So tay tap mot )
r1 = 1838.86 ( Kg/Kg )
W
g1' = 8 5 .24 9( K g/ h)
'
G1 = 4 4 9.37 5( K g/ h)
'
x1 = 0.0 6 2
Lng hi trung bnh i trong oan chng :

gtb = ( g1 + g1 )/2 = ( 1909.448 + 760.58 ) /2 =
1380.97 ( Kg/h)
Van toc hi i trong thap :
( y * y )tb = 0.065 * [ ] * h * x * y (Kg/m2*s )
tb
tb
x tb : khoi lng rieng trung bnh cua pha long = x

= 920.73 (Kg/m3)
y tb : khoi lng rieng trung bnh cua pha hi = y =
0.974 ( Kg/ m3 )
h
: khoang cach mam ( m ), chon h = 0.3
[ ] : he so tnh en sc cang be mat
1
hh = acetone + nuoc
( acetone , nuoc tra bang I.242 nhiet o ty = 89.91O CSo tay tap mot )
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 32
O AN MON HOC
=(
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
1
1
+
)
15
60 .75
hh = 12.03 < 20 dyn/cm

Nen theo so tay tap hai : [ ] = 0.8
( y * y )tb = 0.065 * 0.8 * 0.3 * 920 .73 * 0.974
= 0.853 (Kg/m2*s )
ng knh oan chng :
Dchng = 0.0188 *
1380 .97
0.853
= 0.756 ( m )
Chon Dchng theo tieu chuan = 0.8 ( m)

Do o chon Dthap = 0.8 ( m )
3.
Chieu cao thap :
Chieu cao thap c xac nh theo cong thc sau :
H = Ntt * ( H + ) + ( 0.8 1.0 ) ( m )
Vi Ntt : so a thc te = 13
: chieu day cua mam, chon = 4 ( mm ) =
0.004 ( m )
H : khoang cach gia cac mam ( m ) , chon theo
bang IX.4a- So tay tap hai, H = 0.3 ( m )
( 0.8 1.0 ) : khoang cach cho phep nh va
ay thap
H = 13 * ( 0.3 + 0.004 ) + ( 0.8 1.0 ) = 5 ( m )
II. Tnh toan chop va ong chay chuyen
Chon ng knh ong hi d
= 47 ( mm ) = 0.047 ( m )
So chop phan bo tren a :
N = 0.1 *
D2
0.8 2
=
0.1
*
= 29 ( chop )
d h2
0.047 2
( D : ng knh trong cua thap )

Chieu cao chop pha tren ong dan hi :
h2 = 0.25 * dh = 0.01175 ( m )
ng knh chop:
dch = d h2 + (d h + 2 * ch ) 2
ch : chieu day chop, chon bang 2 ( mm )
dch = 47 +(47 + 2 * 2) = 69.39 ( mm )
Chon dch = 70 (mm)
Khoang cach t mat a en chan thap :
S = 0 25 ( mm ), chon S = 12.5 ( mm )
2
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 33
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Chieu cao mc chat long tren khe chop :

h1 = 15 40 ( mm ), chon h1 = 30 ( mm )
Tiet dien thap :
F = * D2/4 = 3.1416 * 0.82/4 =0.5062 ( m2 )
Bc toi thieu cua chop tren mam :
tmin = dch + 2* ch + l2
l2 : khoang cach nho nhat gia cac chop
l2 = 12.5 + 0.25*dch = 12.5 + 0.25*71 = 36.25
(mm)
chon l2 = 35 (mm)
tmin =70 + 2*2 + 35 = 109 (mm)
A.
Tnh cho phan cat :
Chieu cao khe chop :
b = ( * 2y * y)/ (g * x )
: he so tr lc cua a chop = 1.5 2 , chon
=2
y = ( 4* Vy )/ ( 3600 * * d2h * n )
Vy : lu lng hi i trong thap
Vy = gtb / y = 2193.16/1.701 = 1407.83
3
( m /h)
y = ( 4* 1407.83) / ( 3600 * * 0.0472 * 29 )
= 7.772 ( m/s)
b = ( 2 * 7.7722 * 1.701 ) / ( 9.81 * 787.28 )
= 26.6 * 10-3 ( m )
Chon b = 20 ( mm ) ( 10 50 mm )
Chieu rong khe chop : a = 2 : 7 mm ; chon a = 2 ( mm )
So lng khe h cua moi chop :
tb
i = /c * ( dch
d h2
)
4*b
c = 3 4 mm ( khoang cach gia cac khe ) ,

chon c = 3 ( mm )
i = 3.1416/3 * ( 70 -
47 2
) = 44.4 ( khe )
4 * 20
Chon i = 45 ( khe )
Gx : lu lng long trung bnh i trong thap ( Kg/h )
1
* ( G1 + GF )
2
1
=
* (409.448 + 5144.86 )
2
Gx =
= 2777.15 ( Kg/h)
z : so ong chay chuyen , chon z = 1
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 34
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
c : toc o chat long trong ong chay chuyen , c =

0.1 0.2 ( m/s )
Chon c = 0.15 ( m/s )
x = 787.28 ( Kg/m3 )
B.
Tnh cho phan chng :
Chieu cao khe chop :
b = ( * 2y * y)/ (g * x )
: he so tr lc cua a chop = 1.5 2 , chon
=2
y = ( 4* Vy )/ ( 3600 * * d2h * n )
Vy : lu lng hi i trong thap
'
Vy = gtb / y = 1380.97 / 0.984 = 1407.83 ( m3/h)
y = ( 4* 1417.83) / (3600 * 3.1416 * 0.0472 * 29 )
= 7.828 ( m/s)
b = ( 2 * 7.828 * 0.974 ) / ( 9.81 * 920.73 )
= 0.0132 ( m )
Chon b = 20 ( mm ) ( 10 50 mm )
Chieu rong khe chop : a = 2 : 7 mm ; chon a = 2 ( mm )
So lng khe h cua moi chop :
tb
i = /c * ( dch
d h2
)
4*b
c = 3 : 4 mm ( khoang cach gia cac khe ) , chon

c = 3 ( mm )
i = 3.1416/3 * ( 70 -
47 2
) = 44.4 ( khe )
4 * 20
Chon i= 45 ( khe )
Gx : lu lng long trung bnh i trong thap ( Kg/h )
1
* ( G 1 + G F )
2
1
=
* ( 4405.44 + 5144.86 )
2
G x =
= 4775.15 ( Kg/h)
z : so ong chay chuyen , chon z = 1
c : toc o chat long trong ong chay chuyen , c =
0.1 0.2 ( m/s )
Chon c = 0.15 ( m/s )
x = 920.73 ( Kg/m3 )
l1 : khoang cach nho nhat gia chop va ong chay
chuyen
Chon l1 = 75 ( mm )
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 35
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
c : be day ong chay chuyen, chon c = 2 ( mm )

Chieu cao lp chat long tren mam :
hm = h1 + ( S + hsr + b )
= 30 + 12.5 + 5 + 20
= 67.5 (mm)
hsr : khoang cach t mep di cua chop en mep
di cua khe chop
chon hsr = 5 mm
Tiet dien ong hi :
2
Srj = S1= * d h ,t /4 = 3.1416*0.0472 /4 = 0.001735 m2
Tiet dien hnh vanh khan :
Saj = S2 = *( d2ch,t - d2h,n )/4 = 3.1416*(0.072 - 0.0512)
= 0.001805 (m2 )
Tong dien tch cac khe chop :
S3 = i.a.b = 45*0.002*0.02 =0.0018 m2
Tiet dien lo m tren ong hi :
S4 = .dhi.h2 = 3.1416 * 0.047*0.01175
= 0.001735 m2
Nen ta co S1 S2 S3 S4 ( hp ly )
Lo thao long :
Tiet dien cat ngang cua thap F = 0.5026 m2
C 1 m2 chon 4 cm2 lo thao long . Do o tong dien
tch lo thao long tren mot mam la:0.5026 *4 /1 =
2.0104 cm2
Chon ng knh lo thao long la 5mm = 0.5cm
Nen so lo thao long can thiet tren mot mam
la :
2.0104
* d 2 10 lo
4
** Kiem tra khoang cach gia cac mam :

2
y F * y
hmin = 23300* *
x n * * dch ,t
long
: khoi lng rieng trung bnh cua pha hi, pha
y = ( 'y+ "y)/2 = 1.3375 ( Kg/m3)

x = ( 'x+ "x)/2 = 854.005 (Kg/m3)
y : van toc hi trung bnh i trong thap
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 36
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
'
( * )
y * y ) tb
(
y
y tb
y'
"y
=
2
= 0.7441 (m/s)
1.3775 0.5026*0.7441
hmin = 23300*
*
= 0.12 (m) < 0.3 (m)
854.005 29* *0.071
Vay khoang cach gia hai mam la 0.3 m la hp ly.
o m lo chop h :
s
y
hs = 7.55*
x y
1/ 3
2/ 3 V
* H s * G
Ss
2/3
Hs = hso = b = 20 (mm)
VG = ( Vy + V'y) /2 = 0.3924 (m3/s)
Ss = n * S3= 29*0.0018 = 0.0522 (m2)
1/ 3
2/3
2/3
hs = 7.55*
* 20 *
= 24.805 (mm)
854.005 1.3375
0.0522
1.3375
Nen ta co
0.3924
hs
= 1.24 1 : kha hp ly
hso
Chieu cao mc chat long tren g chay tran :

hwo
Q
= 2.84 * K* L
Lw
2/3
= h
Vi K : he so hieu chnh cho g chay tran , phu

thuoc vao 2 gia tr :
QL
4.772
= 0.226*
2.5
2.5
0.48
Lw
x = 0.226*
= 6.685
Trong o :
QL :lu lng pha long trung bnh trong thap c
tnh nh sau :
+ Lu lng chat long trong phan cat cua thap
:
QL' =
thap :
GD * Rx * M m'
D * Rx * M m'
1500*0.92* 47.648
=
=
= 0.00042(m3 / s )
'
3600* M D * x 3600*55.52*787.28 3600*55.52*787.28
+ Lu lng chat long trong phan chng cua
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 37
O AN MON HOC
QL" = (
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
GD * Rx GF
M m"
D * Rx
Mm"
F
+
)*
=
(
+
)*
MD
M F 3600* x"
MD
M F 3600* x"
1500*0.92 5144.86
29.016
=(
+
)*
= 0.00220(m3 / s)
55.52
22.68
3600*920.73
+ Lu lng chat long trung bnh trong thap :

QL = ( Q'L + Q"L) /2 = 0.0013 ( m3/s)
= 4.772 ( m3/h)
Lw : chieu dai g chay tran = 0.6*D = 0.48 (m)
Lw
= 0.6
D
Tra o th hnh IX22 trang 186 So tay tap hai, c K =

1.12
Do o how
4.722
= 2.84 * 1.12 *
0.48
2 /3
= 14.60(mm)
Gradient chieu cao mc chat long tren mam
= Cg * ' *nh
-Chieu rong trung bnh cua mam Bm :
+ Chieu rong cua ong chay chuyen : dw = 0.08*
D= 0.064 (m)
+ Dien tch cua ong chay chuyen Sd = 0.04*F =
2
0.02 (m )
Khoang cach gia hai g chay tran l = D - 2.d w= D
( 1 -2*0.08)=0.84D
+ Dien tch gia hai g chay tran :
A = F - 2*Sd = F(1 -2*0.04 ) = 0.92F
Chieu rong trung bnh : Bm =
A 0.92* F
=
= 0.86 D = 0.688(m)
l 0.84* D
He so ieu chnh toc o pha kh Cg phu thuoc

hai gia tr :
+ x = 1.34 *
QL
4.722
= 1.34*
= 9.197
Bm
0.688
+ 0.82* v* G = 0.82*0.7806*1.3375 = 0.74

Vi v=
4*VG
4*0.3924
=
= 0.7806(m / s )
2
*D
3.1416*0.82
Tra o th hnh 5.10 trang 80 Tap 3 (Ky thuat phan

rieng ) c
Cg = 0.71
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 38
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Gia tr 4* ' tra t hnh 5.14a trang 81 Tap 3

vi:
x = 9.179
hsc = 12.5
hm = 67.5
c 4. ' = 6.5 hay ' = 6.5/4 = 1.625
So hang chop nh = 5
Khi o = 0.71 * 1.625 * 5 = 5.77 (mm)
o Chieu cao g chay tran h
Do hm = hw + how + 0.5 =
Suy ra hw = hm - how - 0.5* = 67.5 - 14.6 - 0.5*5.77 =
50.015 (mm)
o Kiem tra s on nh cua mam :
< 0.5 ( hfv + hs )
o giam ap do ma sat va bien oi van toc
pha kh thoi qua chop khi khong co chat long, hfv :
2
y
VG
*
hfv =274* E *
x y Sr
E= 0.65
Saj/Srj 1 , nen theo hnh 5.16 trang 83 Tap 3 c

Sr = n*Srj = 29*0.001735 = 0.050837 (m2)
2
Nen
hfv
274*
0.65
1.3375
0.3924
*
*
=
850.01 1.3375 0.050837
16.645(mm)
Do o 0.5*(hfv + hs ) = 0.5 * (16.645 + 24.805 ) = 20.725
> ( = 5.77 )
Vay mam on nh .
o giam ap cua pha kh qua mot mam h :

- Chieu cao thuy tnh lp chat long
t
tren lo
chop g chay tran hss :

hss = hw - (hsc + hsr + Hs )
= 50.015 - ( 12.5 + 5 +20 )
= 12.915 (mm)
- o giam ap cua pha kh qua mot mam :
ht = hfv + hs + hss + how + 0.5*
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 39
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
= 16.645 + 24.805 + 12.515 + 15.71 + 0.5*5.77 =

72.56 (mm)
Chieu cao lp chat long khong bot tren ong chay
chuyen :
hd = hw + how + + h'd +ht
Ton that thuy lc do dong long chay t ong

chay chuyen vao mam h'dc xac nh theo
bieu thc sau :
2
QL
h'd = 0.128*
, mmchat long
100* S d
Khoang cach gia hai g chay tran l = 0.84D =

0.84*800 =672
<1500 nen khoang cach gia mep
tren cua g chay tran va mep di
cua ong chay
chuyen c chon la 12.5 mm
Do o khoang cach gia mep di ong chay
chuyen va mam :
S1 = 50.015 - 12.5 = 37.515 (mm)=0.0375 (m)
Nen tiet dien gia ong chay chuyen va mam di
:
Sd = 0.0375*Lw = 0.0375*0.48 = 0.018 ( m2)
2
Va h'd = 0.128 *
= 0.88
100*0.018
Ta tnh c hd = 50.015 + 14.6 + 5.77 + 0.88 + 74.955 =
147.10(mm)
** Chieu cao hd dung e kiem tra mam : e am
bao ieu kien thap khong b ngap lut khi hoat
ong, ta co :
hd = 147.10 < 0.5 H = 150
4.722
Chat long chay vao ong chay chuyen t :

c
dtw = 0.8* how * ho
Khoang cach ri t do trong ong chay

chuyen
:
ho = H + hw - hd = 300 +50.015 -147.1 = 202.91
mm
+
Suy ra dtw
how = 14.60(mm)
= 0.8* 14.60* 202.9 = 43.54 (mm)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 40
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
- ai lng nay e kiem tra chat long chay vao

thap co eu khong va chat long khong va ap
vao thanh : ty so
d tw
0.6
dw
43.54/64 = 0.68 0.6

o giam ap tong cong cua pha hi gia thap :
Ht = Nt * ht = 13*74.955*10-3 =0.9744 mchat long
Vay ong tr lc toan thap :
P = *g*Ht = 854.01 * 9.81*0.9744 = 8163.49 N/m 2
= 0.102 at
III. Tnh chi tiet ong dan
1.
ng knh ong dan hi vao thiet b
ngng tu :
d=
4 * Qy
*v
Qy : lu lng hi i ra khoi nh thap ( m3/s)

Gy
2880
Qy = 3600 * =
= 0.470 ( m3/s)
3600 * 1.701
y
v : van toc hi i qua ong, chon v = 30 ( m/s )
d1 =
4*0.470
= 0.141 ( m ) = 141 ( mm )
3.1416*30
Chon d1 = 150 ( mm )
Theo so tay tap hai Bang XIII-32 trang 434 , chon l1 =
130 ( mm ) ( chieu dai oan noi ong )
2.
Ong dan dong chay hoan lu :
d=
4*Q
*v
Lng hoan lu G = GD * R = 1500 * 0.92 = 1380 ( Kg/h)

G
1380
Q = 3600 * =
= 4.869 * 10-4 ( m3 /h )
3600
*
787
.
28
x
( x : khoi lng rieng pha long trong oan cat =
787.28 Kg/m3 )
Chon v = 0.6 ( m/s )
d2 =
4* 4.869*104
= 0.035 ( m ) = 35 ( mm )
3.1416*0.5
Chon d2 = 40
Theo so tay tap hai Bang XIII-32 trang 434 , chon l2 =
100 ( mm )
3.
Ong dan dong nhap lieu :
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 41
O AN MON HOC
d=
Q=
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
4*Q
*v
GF
5144 .86
= 3600 *
3600 * F
F
tF = 68.5OC ( bang I.2 So tay tap mot ) acetone =

734.52 ( Kg/m3)
nc = 978.32
3
( Kg/m )
F = 0.117 * 734.52 + ( 1 0.117 ) * 978.32
= 949.80 ( Kg/m3)
Q = 1.505 * 10-3 ( m3/s )
Chon v = 0.5 ( m/s )
d3 =
4*1.505*103
= 0.062 ( m ) = 62 ( mm )
3.1416*0.5
Chon d3 = 80 ( mm )
l3 = 110 ( mm )
4.
Ong dan dong san pham ay :
d=
Q=
4*Q
*v
GW
3644 .86
= 3600 *
3600 * W
W
tW = 96 OC ( bang I.2 So tay tap mot ) acetone =

698.2 ( Kg/m3)
nc = 960.8 ( Kg/m3)
W = 0.006*698.2 + (1 0.006 ) * 960.8
= 959.22 ( Kg/m3)
Q = 1.056 * 10-3 ( m3/s )
Chon v = 1.0 ( m/s )
d4 =
4*1.056*103
= 0.0366 ( m ) = 36.6 ( mm )
3.1416*1.0
Chon d3 = 40 ( mm )
l3 = 100 ( mm )
5.
Ong dan t noi un qua thap :
d=
4*Q
*v
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 42
O AN MON HOC
Q=
GW
3 6 *0 "y0
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
3644 .86
= 1.039 ( m3/s )
3600 * 0.974
Chon v = 35 ( m/s )
4*1.039
= 0.194 ( m ) = 194 ( mm )
3.1416*35
d5 =
Chon d5 = 200 ( mm )
l5 = 130 ( mm )
IV. Tnh tr lc thap
Tr lc thap chop c xac nh theo cong thc :
P = Ntt * P ( N/m2)
Ntt : so mam thc cua thap
P : tong tr lc qua mot mam
phan chng va phan cat, tr lc qua cac a
khong ong eu . Do o e chnh xac , tr lc se c
tnh rieng cho tng phan .
A.
Tong tr lc phan cat :
Tong tr lc qua mot da :
P = Pk + Ps + Pt
1.
Tr lc a kho Pk :
Pk = * y* 20 ( N/m2)
: he so tr lc a kho, = 4.5 : 5 , chon = 5
y = y = 1.701 ( Kg/m3)
o : van toc hi qua ranh chop ( m/s )
o=
V y'
n *i * a *b
V y : lu lng pha hi trung bnh i trong phan cat
Vy = 1407.83 (m3/h) = 0.3911 (m3/s)
2.
0.3911
= 7.492 (m/s)
29 * 45 * 0.002 * 0.02
Pk = 5*1.701* 7.4922 /2 = 238.67 ( N/m2)

Tr lc do sc cang be mat :
4 *
Ps = d
td
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 43
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
: sc cang be mat trung bnh cua hon hp

tx = 60.25 OC acetone = 18.6*10-3 (N/m)
nc = 66.2*10-3 (N/m)
( Tra bang I-242 So tay tap mot )
1
=
+
hh
acetone
nuoc
-3
hh = 14.52*10 (N/m)
dtd : ng knh tng ng cua khe ranh :
dtd =
4.a.b
4. f x
= 2.( a +b)
H
fx : dien tch tiet dien t do cua ranh

H : chu vi ranh
dtd = 4.2.20 / 2(2+20) = 3.64 ( mm ) = 3.64*10-3 (m)
Ps = 4. / dtd = 4*14.52 10-3 / ( 3.6410-3 ) = 15.972
( N/m2)
3.
Tr lc cua lp chat long tren a
( Tr lc thuy tnh Pt )
Pt = b.g.( hb hr /2) (N/m2)
b : khoi lng rieng cua bot, thng b = ( 0.4 0.6
). x
Chon b = 0.5* x = 0.5*787.28 ( Kg/m3) = 393.64 ( Kg/m3)
hr : chieu cao cua khe chop (m), hr = b = 20 (mm) =
0.02 (m)
hb : chieu cao lp bot tren a (m)
hb =
(hc + hx ).( F f ). x + h x .b . f + ( hch h x ). f .b

F .b
hc : chieu cao oan ong chay chuyen nho len tren

a
a
hc = 50.015 (mm) = 0.05 (m)

hx : chieu cao lp chat long ( khong lan bot ) tren
hx = S + 0.5*b = 0.0125 + 0.5* 0.02 = 0.0225 (m) =
22.5 (mm)
F : phan dien tch be mat a co gan chop ( ngha
la tr hai phan dien tch a e bo tr ong chay chuyen
)
Fo = F 2*Sd = 0.92 * F = 0.4624 (m2)
f : tong dien tch cac chop tren a
f = 0.785* dch2 *n
= 0.785 * (70/100)2*29 = 0.115 (m2)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 44
O AN MON HOC
hch :
hch
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
chieu cao cua chop

= hc + = 0.05 + 0.0157 = 0.0657 (m)
hb
(0.05 + 0.0157 0.0225 ) * (0.4624 0.115 ) * 787 .28 * +0.0225 * 393 .64 * 0.115
0.4624 * 393 .64
(0.0657 0.0225 ) * 0.115 * 393 .64
+
0.4624 * 393 .64
= 0.0786 (m) = 78.6 (mm)

Pt = 393.64 * 9.81 * ( 0.0786 0.02/2 ) = 275.14 (N/m2)
o Tong tr lc qua mot a :
P = Pk + Ps + Pt
= 238.67 + 15.972 + 275.14 = 529.79
2
(N/m )
o Tong tr lc phan cat:
Pcat = Ntt.cat * P.cat = 10* 529.79 = 2 (N/m2)
B.
Tong tr lc phan chng :
Tong tr lc qua mot da :
P = Pk + Ps + Pt
1.
Tr lc a kho Pk :
Pk = * y* 20 ( N/m2)
: he so tr lc a kho, = 4.5 5 , chon = 5
y = y = 0.974 ( Kg/m3)
o : van toc hi qua ranh chop ( m/s )
V y"
o=
n*i *a *b
: lu lng pha hi trung bnh i trong phan
chng :
Vy =1417.83 (m3/h)
= 0.3938 (m3/s)
0.3938
= 7.545 (m/s)
29 * 45 * 0.002 * 0.02
Pk = 5* 0.974 * 7.5452 /2 = 138.61 ( N/m2)

2. Tr lc do sc cang be mat :
4 *
Ps = d
td
: sc cang be mat trung bnh cua hon hp
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 45
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
tx = 73.75 OC
= 16.95*10-3 (N/m)
nc = 63.72*10-3 (N/m)
( Tra bang I-242 So tay tap mot )
1
acetone
=
+
hh
acetone
nuoc
-3
hh = 13.39*10 (N/m)
dtd : ng knh tng ng cua khe ranh :
dtd =
4.a.b
4. f x
= 2.( a +b)
H
fx : dien tch tiet dien t do cua ranh

H : chu vi ranh
dtd = 4.2.20 / 2(2+20) = 3.64 ( mm ) = 3.64*10-3 (m)
Ps = 4. / dtd = 4*13.39* 10-3 / ( 3.6410-3 ) = 14.71
( N/m2)
3.
Tr lc cua lp chat long tren a ( Tr
lc thuy tnh Pt )
Pt = b.g.( hb hr /2) (N/m2)
b : khoi lng rieng cua bot, thng b = ( 0.4
0.6 ). x
Chon b = 0.5* x = 0.5* 920.73 ( Kg/m3) = 460.365
( Kg/m3)
hr : chieu cao cua khe chop (m), hr = b = 20 (mm) =
0.02 (m)
hb : chieu cao lp bot tren a (m)
hb =
(hc + hx ).( F f ). x + h x .b . f + ( hch h x ). f .b

F .b
: chieu cao cua chat long tren ong chay

chuyen = h = 15.71 (mm)
=
0.0157
(m)
hc : chieu cao oan ong chay chuyen nho len
tren a
hc = 50.015 (mm) = 0.05(m)
hx : chieu cao lp chat long ( khong lan bot ) tren
a
hx = S + 0.5*b = 0.0125 + 0.5* 0.02 = 0.0225 (m) =
22.5 (mm)
F
: phan dien tch be mat a co gan chop
( ngha la tr hai phan dien
tch a e bo tr
ong chay chuyen )
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 46
O AN MON HOC
f
hch
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Fo = F 2*Sd = 0.92 * F = 0.4624 (m2)

b = 393.64 (Kg/m3)
: tong dien tch cac chop tren a
f = 0.785* dch2 *n
= 0.785 * (70/100)2* 29 = 0.115 (m2)
: chieu cao cua chop
hch = hc + = 0.05 + 0.0157 = 0.0657 (m)
hb
(0.05+ 0.0157 0.0225) * (0.4624 0.115) * 920.73* +0.0225* 460.365* 0.115

0.4624* 460.365
(0.0657 0.0225) * 0.115* 460.365
+
0.4624* 460.365
= 0.08125 (m) = 81.25 (mm)

Pt = 460.365 * 9.81 * ( 0.08125 0.02/2 ) = 321.78
2
(N/m )
o Tong tr lc qua mot a :
P = Pk + Ps + Pt
= 138.61 + 8.03 + 321.78 = 4576.11 (N/m2)
o Tong tr lc phan chng :
Pchng = Ntt.chng * P.chng = 3*457.11 = 1425.32
(N/m2)
Tong tr lc cua thap P :
P = Pcat + Pchng
= 5297.9 + 1425.32 = 6723.22 (N/m2) = 0.068
(at)
** Kiem tra lai khoang cach mam h = 0.3 m am
bao ieu kien hoat ong bnh thng cua thap :
h > 1.8*
Pd
x .g
V P-cat > P-chng nen ta lay P-cat e kiem tra :

1.8*
529.79
=0 0.106 < 0.3 thoa
920.73*9.81
Vay chon h= 0.3 la hp ly .
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 47
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
CHNG 4
TNH TOAN C
KH
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 48
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
1.
Tnh be day than tru cua thap
Than cua thap c che tao bang phng phap han
ho quang. Than thap c ghep t nhieu oan bang
moi ghep bch.
Tra bang IX.5 ta chon vi ng knh trong cua thap D
= 800(mm), khoang cach gia cac a H =300 (mm), chon
khoang cach gia hai mat noi bch 1200(mm), so a
gia hai mat bch n = 4
Chon vat lieu lam than la thep khong g X18H10T.
nhiet o lam viec
t = 0C .
Toc o an mon cua thep 0.1 mm/nam .
Da vao bang XII.4 va bang XII.7 ( Tnh chat vat ly
cua kim loai en va hp kim cua chung ), cac thong so
ac trng cua X18H10T ( vi chieu day tam thep 4 25
mm):
Gii han ben keo : k = 550.106 N/m2
Gii han ben chay : ch = 550.106 N/m2
He sodan khi keo nhiet o 20 100 0C la
16.6*10-6 1/0C
Khoi lng rieng = 7.9*103 ( Kg/m3)
He so an toan ben keo : nk = 2.6
He so an toan ben chay : nch = 2.6
Nhiet o nong chay : t = 1400 0C
Mo un an hoi : E = 2.1*105 N/mm2
He so Poatxong = 0.33
ieu kien lam viec cua thap chng cat :
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 49
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Ap suat ben trong thap ( tnh tai ay thap ) vi moi

trng lam viec long -kh:
P = Ph + PL + P
Ap suat hi trong thap : Ph = 1 at = 9.81*104 ( N/m2)
Ap suat thuy tnh cua cot chat long :PL = L . g .H
L = 854.01 (Kg/m3)
H= 1.1 H0 = 4.347 (m) ( Co ke en cot chat long
ay, nap )
PL = 854.01 *9.81 * 4.347 = 3.6420 *104 (N/m2)
Tong tr lc cua thap : P = 7780.45 ( N/m2)
Do o ap suat tai ay thap : P = 1.423 * 105 (N/m2) <
0.25*106 ( N/m2)
Theo bang XIII.8 : gia tr ben han cua than hnh tru,
han ho quang ien,
Dt = 800 (mm), thep hp kim h = 0.95
Do tren than co khoet lo nen he so ben cua thanh
hnh tru theo phng doc c tnh theo cong thc :
= h .
H0 d
5 6*0.24
= 0.95*(
) = 0.68
H0
5
(Xem tng ng 6 lo quan sat ng knh = 240(mm),

cha tnh en mot so lo noi ong dan hi)
ng suat cho phep [ k] cua vat lieu c tnh :
k
550.106
.
=
.0.95 = 200.95*106 ( N / m2 )
[ k] =
nk
2.6
ch
220.106
.
=
*0.95 = 139.33*106 ( N / m2 )
[ ch] =
nch
1.5
Chon [ ]= Min ( [ k], [ ch]) = 139.33 *106 ( N/m2)
Be day thap c tnh theo cong thc :

S=
Do
P.Dt
2[]. P
[ ]. 139 .33 * 10 6 * 0.68

=
=665.80 > 25 nen :
P
1.423 * 10 5
P.Dt
1.423 * 10 5 * 0.8
S=
=
= 6.01*10-4( m)
6
2[].
2 * 139 .33 *10 * 0.68
= 0.601 (mm)
Be day thc te cua than thap :

S = S + C
Trong o C = Ca + Cb + Co
Chon thiet b lam viec trong 15 nam : He so bo sung
do an mon :
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 50
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Ca = 15*0.1 = 1.5 (mm)

He so bo sung do bao mon c hoc cua moi trng
Cb = 0
He so bo sung do sai lech khi che tao va lap rap :
C0 = 0.4 (mm)
He so quy tron bang 1.499 (mm)
Do o C = 1.5 + 0.4 + 1.499 = 3.399(mm)
Khi o S = S +C = 4 (mm)
Kiem tra be day cua than :

- Kiem tra ieu kien :
S Ca
0.1
D
( thoa )
4 1.5
= 0.003 < 0.1
800
Kiem tra ap suat tnh toan ben trong thiet b :

[P]
2.[ ]..( S C a ) 2 * 139 .33 * 10 6 * 0.68 * (4 1.5)

=
= 5.90 * 10 5 ( N / m 2 )
D + (S Ca )
800 + (4 1.5)
Nh vay [P] > P (hp ly)

Nen chieu day cua than S = 4(mm)
2.
Tnh - chon be day ay va nap thiet b

ay va nap cung la mot bo phan quan trong
thng c che tao cung loai vat lieu vi than thiet
b . S dung thep khong g X18H10T .
- Chon loai ay nap hnh elip co g
- Tnh be day ay va nap giong nhau :
Cac thong so ay va nap :
ay- nap elip co :
ht
= 0.25
Dt
ht = 0.25 * Dt = 0.25 * 0.8 = 0.2 (m) = 200(mm)

Chon chieu cao g h = 25 (mm)
Nen dien tch be mat trong 0.76(m2 ) tra bang XIII.10
trang 382 So tay tap 2
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 51
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
h = 200
25
D = 800
Ban knh cong ben trong ay- nap thap : Rt =Dt =

800(mm)
Chieu day ay va nap elip cua thiet b chu ap
suat trong :
S =
Dt .P
D
* t
3.8 * [ k ].k .h P 2.hb
He so khong th nguyen :
d
0.2
k = 1 - D = 1= 0.75
0.8
t
( ng knh lo nap : d = 0.2 m)
Do o :
0.8 * 1.423 * 10 5
0.8
*
S =
6
5
2 * 0.2
3.8 * 200 .95 * 10 * 0.75 * 0.95 1.423 * 10
= 0.419*10-3 (m) = 0.419 (mm)

C = Ca + Cb + C0 = 1.5 + 0.4 + 0 +C0 + 2 = 4.581 (mm)
( oi vi ay nap dap th ai lng bo sung tang
them 2 mm
khi S < 10 mm Theo so tay tap 2 )
Kiem tra ap suat d cho phep tnh toan :
. Be day ay nap can thoa bieu thc sau :
S Ca
0.125
Dt
5 1.5
= 0.0041 < 0.125 (thoa)
800
. Do o ap suat d cho phep tnh theo cong thc :

[P]
2.[ ]..( S C a ) 2 * 200 .96 *10 * 0.95 * (5 1.5)

=
= 1.66 * 106 5 ( N / m 2 )
Rt + .( S C a )
800 + (54 1.5)
6
P = 1.423*105 (N/mm2) (thoa)
Vay be day ay nap thiet b la 5 (mm)
3.
Chon bch va vong em
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 52
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
a. Bch va em e noi va bt kn thiet b :

Mat bch la bo phan dung e noi cac phan cua
thiet b cung nh noi cac bo phan khac vi thiet b .
Chon loai bch lien khong co bang thep CT3 .
Bang XIII-27 trang 417 So tay tap hai . Cho cac kieu bch
lien bang thep CT3 (Kieu I )vi thiet b ay nap nh sau
:
ng knh ben trong cua thiet b
Dt = 800 (mm)
ng knh ben ngoai cua thiet b Dn = 808 (mm)
ng knh tam bu long
Db = 880 (mm)
ng knh mep vat
D1 = 850 (mm)
ng knh bch
D = 930 (mm)
Chieu cao b1ch
h = 22 (mm)
ng knh bu long
db = M20 (mm)
So bu long
z = 24 (cai)
Theo bang XIII-31 _ Tng ng vi bang XIII-27 : kch

thc be mat em bt kn :
Dt = 800 (mm)
H = h = 22 (mm)
D1 = 850 (mm)
D2 = 847 (mm)
D4 = 827 (mm)
Va do Dt < 1000 (mm) nen D3 = D2 +1 = 848(mm)
D5 = D4 1 = 826 (mm)
b. Bch e noi cac ong dan ( Bang XIII-26 trang

409 So tay tap hai )
Chon vat lieu la thep CT3 , chon kieu 1

Ta co bang sau :
ST Loai
Dy
Kch thc noi
h
l
T
ong
(m
(m
(m
Dw
D
Db
D1
Bulong
dan
m)
m)
m)
(m
(m
(m
(m
db
z
m)
m)
m)
m)
(m
(co
m)
n)
1
Vao
150 159 260 225 202 M16 8
16
130
TBNT
2
Hoan
40
45
130 100 80
M12 4
12
100
lu
3
Nhap
80
89
185 150 128 M16 4
14
110
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 53
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
lieu
4
Dongsp 40
45
130 100 80
M12 4
12
ay
5
Hivao 200 219 290 255 232 M16 8
16
ay
Theo bang XIII.30 tng ng vi bang XIII-26 :

thc be mat em bt kn :
D1 tra theo bang XIII-26 .
z : so ranh
Ta co bang sau :
ST D
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
b
b1
z
T
(m (m (m (m (m (m (m (m (ra
m) m) m) m) m) m) m) m) nh)
1
2
3
4
5
150
40
80
40
200
202
80
128
80
232
191
69
115
69
249
192
70
116
70
250
171
55
101
55
229
170
54
100
54
228
5
4
5
5
5
11
1
1
1
1
3
2
3
3
3
100
130
kch
f
(m
m)
4.5
4
4
4
4.5
4.
Tnh mam
Chon be day mam bang be day than S = 4 (mm) va
vat lieu la thep X18H10T
Chieu cao mc chat long ln nhat tren mam khi mam
b ngap lut :
hd = 145.49 (mm)
Pl = l .g . hd = 854.01 * 9.81 * 0.1455 = 1218.98 (N/mm2 )
Neu mam khong uc lo :
max
3(3 + )
3(3 + 0.33)
* P * R 2t =
* 1218 .98 * 0.4 2 = 15.222*106
2
8.S
8 * 0.004 2
(N/mm2)
= 0.33 : he so Poat xong
o giam sc ben do cac lo tren mam gay ra the
hien bang he so hieu chnh: b
t d h 194 47
=
= 0.758
t
194
dh : ng knh ong hi bang 47 (mm)

t : ( hnh ve chop ) = 2*112*cos30 = 194
. ng suat cc ai cua mam co uc lo :
max
max = =
b
15 .222 * 10 6
= 20.1 *106 (N/mm2 )
0.758
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 54
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
< [ ] = 139.33(N/mm2 )
Vay be day mam la 4 (mm)
5.
Chan va tai treo thiet b
a. Tnh s bo khoi lng thap :
Khoi lng nap bang khoi lng ay ( Gia s ng
ong dan vao nap va ay gan nh nhau ) ;
Vi nap ay elip co Dt = 800(mm), chieu day S =
5(mm), chieu cao g
h = 25 (mm) .Tra bang XIII.11 trang 384 So tay tap
hai , ta co
Gnap = Gay = 1.01*30.2 (Kg) = 30.504 (Kg)
Gnap ay = 2*30.502 = 61 (Kg)
Khoi lng mam :
ng knh trong cua thap
Dt = 0.8 (m)
Be day mam
m = 0.004(m)
ng knh ong hi
dh = 0.047 (m)
So ong hi
n = 29 (ong )
Dien tch ong chay chuyen hnh vien phan Sd
=
0.04*F
So ong chay chuyen tren moi mam z = 1
So mam
Nt = 13 mam
2
Mm = Nt .(F z.Sd n. .d h/4) * *
=
13
(
0.5026*1
0.04*0.5026
2
3
3
29* *0.047 /4)*0.004*7.93*10 (Kg/m )
= 177.514 (Kg)
Khoi lng chop tren mam cua toan thap :
Mchop = Nt *n *( * d2ch* hch * ch * + *d2ch* ch i * ch
b*a )7.9*103
=
13*29
(3.1416*0.070*0.0567*0.002
+
2
3.1416*0.07 *0.002/4 - 45* 0.002*0.02*0.002 )*7.0*103
= 98.26 (Kg)
Khoi lng mam :

M mam = * D* Hthan * than *
= 3.1416* 0.8 (5 2( 0.2 + 0.025) 0.130)
0.004*7.9*103
= 351.03(Kg)
Khoi lng ong hi :
Mong hi = *dh*hhi * h *n * Ntt *
= 3.1416*0.047*0.054*0.002*29*13*7.9*103
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 55
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
= 47.49(Kg)
Vi hh = hchop h2 - chop + hi
= 0.0657 0.01175 +2 2 = 0.054 (m)
va h2 : chieu cao chop pha tren ong hi
Khoi lng mang chay chuyen :
Mm = lw*hcc* cc * *Nt
hcc = h S1 + hw + mam
= 0.3 0.0375 + 0.05 + 0.004 = 0.316 (m)
Mmam = 0.48*0.3165*0.002*0.004 * 7.9*103 =
31.20( Kg)
Khoi lng bch noi than :
ng knh ben ngoai cua thap
Dn = 0.808 (m)
ng knh mat bch cua than
Db = 0.930(m)
Chieu cao bch
h = 0.022(m)
Chia thap lam 4 oan , nen so mat bch la 8
CT3 = 7.85*103 (Kg/m3)
Mbch = 0.785*(0.932 0.8082)*8*0.0222*7.85*103 =
229.96 (Kg)
Khoi lng bch noi cac ong dan :
Mb = 0.785* [(0.262 0.152)*0.016 + 2*(0.132
0.042)*0.012 +
(0.1852 0.082)*0.016 + ( 0.292 0.22* 0.016 ]
*7.85*103
= 12.56 (Kg)
Khoi lng dung dch trong thap ( xem Vdung dch = 0.85
Vthap )
Mdd = 0.85 ( * D2t Ho/4 + Vay ) * xtb
= 0.85*( 3.1416*0.82 *5/4 + 2*79.6*10-3 )
*854.005
= 1939.96(Kg)
Vay tong khoi lng cua toan thap :
Mthap = 2949(Kg)
b. Chon tai treo :
Chon vat lieu lam tai treo la thep CT3 . Tam lot la
vat lieu lam than:
[ CT3]= 130 *106( N/m2)
Chon so tai treo : n = 4
Tai trong len mot tai treo ( 4 tai treo va 4 chan ):
Q0 =
Q
2949 * 9.81
=
= 0.413*104 ( N)
8
8
Chon tai trong cho phep len mot tai treo la 0.5 *104 N
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 56
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Theo bang XIII.36 So tay tap hai : tai treo thiet b thang
ng .
Be mat F = 72.5*104(m2)
Kch thc tai treo : cho bang sau :
Kho Taitron L
B
B1
H
S
l
a
d
i
g
(m
(m
(m
(m
(m
(m
(m
(m
ln chophep m)
m)
m)
m)
m)
m)
m)
m)
g
lenbem
taitr at
eo
q.106(N/
(Kg) m2)
1.23 0,69
100 75
85
155 6
40
15
18
40
15
155
15
18
20
75
B O P H A N T A I T R E O
c. Chon chan :
Chon vat lieu lam tai treo la thep CT3 .Tai trong cho
phep len mot chan :0.5*104 N
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 57
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Theo bang XIII.35 So tay tap hai. Chan thep oi vi

thiet b thang ng :
Bema
t
F.104
m2
172
Taitrongcho
pheplenbe
mate
q.106(N/m2)
0.29
B1
B2
16
0
11
0
13
5
19
5
24
0
14
5
1
0
5
5
2
3
Truc thiet b
195
1 35
10
10
145
236
10
55
280
23
10
16 0
110
B O P H A N C H A N
6.
Tnh bao on
Vi van toc hi trung bnh trong ca 2 phan cua thap :
chng va cat :
y = 0.7441 < 10 (m/s) va mang nc ngng chuyen
ong dong, he so cap nhiet trong thap :
= 1.15*
r.2 .g .3
.t.H
( W/m2.o)
Nhiet ngng tu ( an nhiet hoa hi ) cua hi trong thap:

( nhiet o cao nhat t = tw = 960C)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 58
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
r = racetone * x
+ rnc * r nuoc
Thanh phan khoi lng tnh gia tr trung bnh cua
thap va nh thap :
acetone
x acetone =
0.98 + 0.02
= 0.5 (phan tram khoi lng)
2
x acetone = 0.273 ( phan mol)

.Chon nhiet o ngng e tnh la nhiet o cao nhat
trong thap
tngng = 96 0C
racetone = 114.1 (Kcal /Kg)
rnc = 543 (Kcal /Kg)
Do o r = 0.5*114.1 + 0.5*543 = 328.55
(Kcal/Kg)
e xac nh cng o nhiet khi cha co lp cach
nhiet, chon nhiet o tng ben trong thap la tw1 =
80 0C .
T cong thc tren :
1.15
328 .55 * 9.81 * 2 * 3 * 4186 .8

2 * 3
= 46 .61 * 4
5 * * t
* t
(W/m2.o)
Cac gia tr (Kg/m3), (W/m.o),
nhiet o trung bng cua mang :
Tm =
t ng + t w1
2
( Ns/m2) tra
96 + 80
= 88 0C
2
Mhh = xacetone * 58 + ( 1-xacetone)*18 = 27.48 (Kg/Kmol)

1
hh
= x acetone + x nuoc
acetone
nuoc
1
= 817 .66
0.5
0.5
( Kg/Kmol)
+
708 .6 966 .4
= arclog ( xacetone * log acetone + (1- xacetone )log nuoc )

= arclog ( 0.273* log 0.188 + ( 1- 0.273 )*log
0.328)*10-3
= 0.287*10-3 (Ns/m2)
Cphh = 0.5 * Cacetone + ( 1- 0.5) * Cnc
= 0.5 * 2396 + 0.5* 4206 = 3301 ( J/Kg.o)
hh
= 3.58*10-8 *Chh *
hh
hh
M hh
= 3.58*10-8 * 3301*817.66 * 3
(W/m2.o)
817 .66
27 .48
= 0.311 ( Kcal/W.h.0C )
t1 = tng tw1 = 96 80 = 16 0C
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 59
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
= 46.61*
. qng =
(Kcal/m2.h)
817 .66 2 * 0.311 3

= 2132 .24 ( W/m2.o)
0.287 * 10 3 * 16
* t1 = 2132.24*16= 35115.78
ng
Tong nhiet tr cua thanh ong va lp can :

w
rw = rcan1 + + rcan2
w
Cng o nhiet trung bnh :
qtb =
q ng + q kk
2
12878 .36 + 2144 .11

= 7511 .23 (Kcal/m2.h.o)
2
Sai so gia qtb va qng :
12878 .36 7511 .3

= 0.42 = 42% > 5%
12878 .36
. Do o ta phai tnh
lap.
o
Tnh lap lan 1 :

Chon t1 = 6 0C tw1 = 90 0C
tm = 93 0C
hh = 812.97 (Kg/m3)
= 0.272 *10-3 ( Ns/m2)
Cphh = 3314.12 ( J/Kg. 0C)
hh = 0.309 9 ( Kcal/m.h.0C)
t1 = 6 0 C
ng = 2738.83 ( Kcal/m2.h.o)
qng = 16432.96 ( Kcal/m2.h)
tw = 13.61 ( 0C )
tw2 = 82.4 ( 0C )
t2 = 53.4 ( 0C)
qkk = 1976.2 ( Kcal/m2.h)
qtb = 9204.56 (( Kcal/m2.h)
Sai so gia qtb va qng = 0.44 > 0.05 . Do o ta
phai tnh lap lan 2.
o Tnh lap lan 2 :
Chon t1 =4 0C tw1 = 92 0C
tm = 94 0C
hh = 810.95 (Kg/m3)
= 0.269 *10-3 ( Ns/m2)
Cphh = 3316.75 ( J/Kg. 0C)
hh = 0.308 ( Kcal/m.h.0C)
t1 = 4 0 C
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 60
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
ng = 2737.89 ( Kcal/m2.h.o)
qng = 10951.56 ( Kcal/m2.h)
tw = 9.068 ( 0C )
tw2 = 86.93 ( 0C )
t2 = 57.93 ( 0C)
qkk = 2187.93 ( Kcal/m2.h)
qtb = 6569.74 (( Kcal/m2.h)
Sai so gia qtb va qng = 0.4 > 0.05 . Do o ta
phai tnh lap lan 3 :
o Tnh lap lan 3 :
Ve o th qua qkk va qng xac nh c tw1 = 95.5
0
C
t1 = 96 96.5 = 0.5 0C
tm = 95.75 0C
hh = 809.27 (Kg/m3)
= 0.265 *10-3 ( Ns/m2)
Cphh = 3320.69 ( J/Kg. 0C)
hh = 0.3075 ( Kcal/m.h.0C)
o t1 = 0.5 0C
ng = 5103.35 ( Kcal/m2.h.o)
qng = 2551.68 ( Kcal/m2.h)
tw = 2.11 ( 0C )
tw2 = 93.89 ( 0C )
t2 = 64.89 ( 0C)
qkk = 2521.31 ( Kcal/m2.h)
qtb = 2536.495 (( Kcal/m2.h)
Sai so gia qtb va qng = 0.006 < 0.05 ( Thoa)
Khi co lp cach nhiet, nhiet lng toa ra moi trng
:
qtt = 5%qtb = 0.05*2536.495 = 126.28
(Kcal/m2.h)
- He so cap nhiet cua hi :
ng = 5103.35 ( Kcal/m2.h.0C)
kk = 2521.31 ( Kcal/m2.h.0C)
2
1
(t w 2 t w 3 ) =
(t w1 t w 2 )
Do qtt = ng (tw1 tw2 ) =
2
rwi
- Nhiet o cua thanh pha trong thiet b :
qtt
126 .82
tw1= tng - = 96 5103 .35 = 95.975 0C

ng
Nhiet tr cua thanh thiet b va lp cau :
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 61
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
rw1 = rcau 1 +
w
1
0.004
=
+
= 0.0004705 (m2.h.0C/Kcal)
w 5000 14 .785
Nhiet o lp tiep xuc gia thanh thiet b va tam

cach nhiet tw2 :
1
qtt = r (t w1 t w 2 )
wi
tw2 = tw1 qtt* rw1 = 95.975 126.82*0.0004705 =
95.915 0C
Nhiet o lp cau tiep xuc vi khong kh :
tw4= tkk +
qtt
126 .82
= 29 +
= 29.050 0C
kk
2521 .31
Nhiet o tw3 :
qtt =
1
(t w3 t w 4 )
rcau 2
tw3 = qtt * rcau 2 + tw4

= 126.82*
1
2800
+ 29.050 = 29.0956 0C
Do o be day lp cach nhiet

thc :
2 =
tnh theo cong
2
(t w 2 t w3 )
qtt
Chon lp cach nhiet la amiang cactong co

he so dan nhiet la
= 0.144 (W/m.0C) = 0.124 (Kcal/m.h.0C)
2 =
0.124
(95 .915 29 .0956 ) = 0.065 (m) = 65 (mm )
126 .82
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 62
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
CHNG 5
TNH THIET B
PHU
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 63
O AN MON HOC
I.
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Thiet b gia nhiet hon hp au hay thiet b lam

nguoi san pham ay
1.
ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh :
Nguye
n lie
u
Sa
n pha
ma
y
Nguye
n lie
u
Sa
n pha
ma
y
Chenh lech nhiet o au nho :

960C
700C
68.50C
270C
tn = 96 - 68.5 = 27.5 0C
Chenh lech nhiet o au ln :
tL = 70 -27 = 43 0C
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 64
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
t L
43
=
= 1.56 < 2 nen co the tnh hieu
tn 27.5
t
ttb = L =35.25 0C
so nhiet o trung bnh :
tn
Ty so
Nhiet o trung bnh cua tng lu the :

Do T1 - T2 < t2 - t1 nen :
Ttb = ( T1 + T2)/2 = 83 0C
ttb = Ttb - tb = 83 - 35.25 = 47.75 0C
2.
Nhiet tai :
Nhiet lng can thiet un nong nhap lieu ( a tnh
Qw' =W ' .C w .( T2 T1 )
phan can bang nhiet ) :
= 2184.86*4159.67*( 96 - 70)
= 2.363*108 (J/h) =65.64(KW)
3.
Chon thiet b :
a.
Chon loai thiet b ong chum, at nam
ngang vat lieu la ong thau, he so dan nhiet = 93

W/h.o.
Thiet b gom 91 ong, xep thanh 5 hnh sau canh, so
ong vong ngoai cang la 31 ong.
Chon ng knh ngoai cua ong dh = 0.025m, loai ong
la 25x2mm.
ng knh trong cua thiet b :
Dtr =T.(b 1) +4.dh
t : bc ong, chon t =1.2dh =1.2*0.025 = 0.03 (m)
b = 2.a 1 =2.6 1 =11
(a =6 :so ong tren mot canh cua hnh sau canh
ngoai cung
Dtr = 0.03*(11-1) + 4*0.025 = 0.4(m)
b.
Cac lu chat eu trang thai long . V
san pham ay co o ban cao hn nen cho chay ben
trong ong, con nhap lieu cho chay ngoai ong
c.
Xac nh he so cap nhiet t thanh
ong en dong nhap lieu :
- Tiet dien ngang cua khoang ngoai ong la :
S = 0.785*(D2tr n.d2)
= 0.785*(0.42 91.0.0252) = 0.081 m2
- Toc o chay cua dong nhap lieu :
w=
F
3600 * F * S
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 65
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
nhiet o trung bnh cua dong nhap lieu ttb = 47.75

C, ta tra cac thong so :
acetone =759.48 (Kg/m3)
noc =988.51 (Kg/m3)
F =919.80 ( Kg/m3)
acetone = 0.251*10-3(Ns.m2)
nc = 0.573*10-3(Ns.m2)
F = 0.520*10-3(Ns.m2)
w = 0.019 (m/s)
- ng knh tng ng khoang ngoai ong :
dt =
D 2 n.d 2
0.4 2 91 * 0025 2
=
= 0.038 (m)
D + n.d
0.4 + 91 * 0025
- Tnh chuan so Re :
.d td .
Re =
= 1277.11
F
- Tnh chuan so Pr :
+ Chon t1 = 4 0C tt1 = ttb + t1 = 47.75 + 4 = 51.75 0C
Tra hnh V.12 trang 12 So tay tap hai :
Pr47.75 = 3.55
Pr51.75 = 3.45
Pr
46.75
Pr51.75
0.25
3.55
=
3.45
0.25
= 1.007
- Chuan so Gr :
Gr =
g .d td3 . 2 ..t1
: he so gian n the tch, = 0.574*10-3 (1/o)

(tra bang 33 trang 420 tap 10)
Gr =
9.81 * 0.038 3 * 919 .80 2 * 0.574 * 10 3 * 4

=
(0.052 * 10 3 ) 2
3866978.92
(Gr)0.1 = 4.56
- Chuan so Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 1* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
1 : he so hieu chnh tra theo bang V.2
trang 15 , so tay tap hai
(l/d > 50 nen chon 1 = 1)
Nu = 0.15* 1* 1277.110.33*3.6560.43*4.56*1.007 = 11.00
- He
so cap nhiet
(W/m .o )
Nu .. 11 .00 * 0.591
=
= 171 .08
d td
0.038
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 66
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
( tra 47.75 0C bang 0.591 W/m.o)

d.
Xac nh ho cap nhiet t dong san
pham ay en thanh ong :
Ttb = 83 0C , tra cac thong so :
acetone =571 (Kg/m3)
noc =969.9 (Kg/m3)
w =964.8 ( Kg/m3)
acetone = 0.20*10-3(Ns.m2)
nc = 0.35*10-3(Ns.m2)
= 0.349*10-3(Ns.m2)
- Van toc trong dong ong :

w=
W'
2184 .86
=
2
w * n * 0.785 * d
3600 * 960 .86 * 91 * 0.785 * 0.021 2
w = 0.02 (m/s)
- Tnh chuan so Re :
.d .
Re = = 1163.97
w
10 < Re <2000 : che o chay dong
- Tnh chuan so Pr :
+ Chon t2 = 4 0C tt2 = Ttb - t2 = 83 - 4 = 79 0C
Pr79 = 2.65
Pr83 = 2.6
Pr
83
Pr79
0.25
2.6
=
2.65
0.25
= 0.995
- Chuan so Gr :
Gr =
g .d 3 . 2 ..t 2

Gr =
9.81 * 0.021 3 * 964 .80 2 * 0.726 * 10 3 * 4

=
(0.349 * 10 3 ) 2
2016263.3
(Gr)0.1 = 4.27
- Chuan so Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 2* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
1 : he so hieu chnh tra theo bang V.2 trang 15 ,
so tay tap hai
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 67
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
(l/d > 50 nen chon 2 = 1)

Nu = 0.15* 1* 1163.970.33*2.60.43*4.27*0.995 = 9.875
Nu ..
- He
9.875 * 0.673
so cap nhiet 2
=
d
0.021
2
(W/m .o )
( tra 47.75 0C bang 0.673 W/m.o)
e.
Nhiet tai rieng :
q1 = 1* t1 = 171.08*4 = 648.32 (W/m2)
q2 = 2* t2 = 361.47*4 = 1265.88 ( W/m2)
Sai so gia q1 va q2 :
= 316 .47
q 2 q1 1265 .88 684 .32

=
= 0.495 > 0.05 ( 5% ) , Nen ta phai
q2
1265 .88
tnh lap
o
Tnh lap lan 1 :
Chon t1 = 4.(1 + 0.459) = 6 0C
tt1 = 47.75 + 6 = 53.75 0C
Pr53.75 = 3.35
Pr47.75 = 3.55
Pr
47.75
Pr53.75
0.25
3.55
=
3.35
0.25
= 1.015
(Gr)0.1 = 4.75
Nu = 13.2
= 205.29 (W/m2.o)
q1 = 205.26*6 = 1231.72 (W/m2)

q 2 q1' 1265 .88 1231
=
= 0.0265
< 0.05 (Hp ly )
q2
1265 .88
f.
He so truyen nhiet tong quat :

1
K = [ + r1 + + r2 + ]-1
1
2
= Cu = 93 (W/m2.o)
= 2 (mm)= 0.002 (m)
1 = 205.29 (W/m2.o )
2= 316.47 ( W/m2.o)
Xem he so cau ban cua nc ban r1 = 0.8455*10-3
(W/m2.o)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 68
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Xem he so cau ban cua nc thng r2 = 0.5945*10-3

(W/m2.o)
K=[
1
0.002
1
+ 0.8455* 103 +
+ 0.5945* 103 +
]-1
205.29
93
316.47
g.
= 105.11
Be mat truyen nhiet :
h.
F = K .t = 105 .11 * 35 .25 =17 .72 (m2)

log
Chieu dai moi ong :
65 .64 * 1000
17 .72
L = .n.d = 3.1416 * 0.025 * 91 = 2.48 (m)

h
Chon L = 2.5 (m)
II.
Thiet b lam nguoi san pham nh

1.
ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh :
S a
n p ham
nh
N
c
N
c
Sa
n pha m nh
57.30C
400C
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
300C
270C
Trang 69
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

tn = 30 27= 3 0C
tL = 57.3 40 = 17.3 0C
Hieu so nhiet o trung bnh :
t log =
17 .3 3
= 8.16
17 .3
ln

t2tb = ( 27 +40)/2 = 33.5 0C
t1tb = t2tb + tlog = 33.5 + 8.16 = 41.66 0C
2.
Nhiet tai :
Nhiet lng can thiet e lam nguoi san pham nh
( a tnh phan can bang nhiet ):
Q1N =
3.
16764 .76
* 4176 .6( 40 27 ) = 252 .85 (KW)
1000 * 3666
Chon thiet b :
a.
Chon gia tr K : tra bang 4.4 Sach Tnh toan

qua trnh va thiet b, Nguyen Bin , c K ( che o
oi lu cng bc ) = 300 (Kcal/m2.o )
hay K = 300*4.1868*1000/3600 = 348.9 (W/m2.o)
- Be mat truyen nhiet :
Q
252 .85 * 1000
F = K .t = 348 .9 * 8.16 = 88 .812 (m2)

log
- F = .d.n.L
Chon L = 4 (m)
d = 0.032 (m)
n =
F
= 220.86 (ong )
.d .L
Chon theo tieu chuan : thiet b ong chum, at nam

ngang, vat lieu la ong thau, he so dan nhiet = 93
W/h.o .
ong vong ngoai cung la 50 ong. Chon ng knh
ngoai cua ong dh = 0.032m, loai ong la 32x3mm.Chieu
dai
L = 3.66 (m)
+ ng knh trong cua thiet b :
Dtr =t.(b 1) +4.dh
t : bc ong, chon t =1.5dh =1.5*0.032 = 0.048 (m)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 70
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
b = 2.a 1 =2.9 1 =17

(a = 9 :so ong tren mot canh cua hnh sau
canh ngoai cung
Dtr = 0.048* (17-1) + 4*0.032 = 0.896(m)
Chon D = 900(mm) = 0.9 (m)
b.
Cac lu chat eu trang thai long . V san
pham ay co o ban cao hn nen cho chay ben trong
ong, con nhap lieu cho chay ngoai ong .
c.
Xac nh he so cap nhiet t dong san
pham nh en thanh ong
- Tiet dien ngang cua khoang ngoai ong la :
S = 0.785*(D2tr n.d2)
= 0.785*(0.92 241*0.0322) = 0.442 m2
- Toc o chay cua dong san pham nh :
w=
D
3600 * D * S
nhiet o trung bnh cua dong san pham nh

t1tb = 41.66 0C, ta tra cac thong so :
acetone =766.17 (Kg/m3)
noc =991.25 (Kg/m3)
D =770.67 ( Kg/m3)
acetone = 0.26*10-3(Ns.m2)
nc = 0.63*10-3(Ns.m2)
= 0.27*10-3(Ns.m2)
w = 1.223*10-3 (m/s)
- ng knh tng ng khoang ngoai ong :
dt =
D 2 n.d 2
0.9 2 241 * 0.032 2
=
= 0.065 (m)
D + n.d
0.9 + 241 * 0.032
- Tnh chuan so Re :
.d td .
Re =
= 226.9
F
10 < Re < 2000 : che o chay dong
- Tnh chuan so Pr :
+ Chon t1 = 6 0C tt1 = t1tb - t1 = 41.66 - 6 = 35.66 0C
Pr35.66 = 3.81
Pr41.66 = 3.60
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 71
O AN MON HOC
Pr
41.66
Pr35.66
0.25
3.6
=
3.81
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

0.25
= 0.986
- Chuan so Gr :
Gr =
g .d td3 . 2 ..t1

Gr =
9.81 * 0.065 3 * 770 .67 2 * 1.53 *10 3 * 6

(0.27 * 10 3 ) 2
= 201493544.7
(Gr)0.1 = 6.767
- Chuan so Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 1* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
so tay tap hai
(l/d > 50 nen chon 1 = 1)
Nu = 0.15* 1* 226.90.33* 3.60.43* 6.767* 0.986 = 10.4
Nu ..
- He
10 .4 * 0.165
= 26 .4
so cap nhiet 1
=
d td
0.065
2
(W/m .o )
( tra 41.66 0C bang 0.165 W/m.o)
d.
Xac nh he so cap nhiet t thanh ong en
nc :
ttb2 = 33.5 0C , tra cac thong so :
noc =993.95 (Kg/m3)
nc = 0.75*10-3(Ns.m2)
w = 0.349*10-3(Ns.m2)
- Van toc nc trong ong :
w=
Gn
16764.76
=
2
n * n * 0.785 * d
3600 * 993.95 * 241 * 0.785 * 0.026 2
w = 0.0366 (m/s)
- Tnh chuan so Re :
Re =
.d .
= 1261.12

- Tnh chuan so Pr :
+ Chon t2 = 1 0C tt2 = t2tb + t2 = 33.5 + 1 = 34.5 0C
Pr34.5 = 13.5
Pr33.5 = 14
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 72
O AN MON HOC
Pr
33.5
Pr34.5
0.25
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
14
=
13 .5
0.25
= 1.009
- Chuan so Gr :
Gr =
g.d 3 . 2 ..t 2
: he so gian n the tch, = 0.331*10-3 (1/o) (tra

bang 33 trang 420 tap 10)
Gr = 100235.969
(Gr)0.1 = 3.163
-Chuan so Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 2* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
2 : he so hieu chnh tra theo bang V.2 trang 15 , so
tay tap hai
(l/d > 50 nen chon 2 = 1)
Nu = 15.71
Nu ..
= 378 .85
He so cap nhiet 2 = d
( tra 33.5 0C bang 0.627 W/m2.o)
e.
.Nhiet tai rieng :
(W/m2.o )
q1 = 1* t1 = 26.4*6 = 158.4 (W/m2)
q2 = 2* t2 = 378.85*1 = 378.85 (W/m2)

q 2 q1
= 0.58 > 0.05 ( 5% ) . Do o ta phai tnh lap :
q2
o
Tnh lap lan 1 :
Tnh chuan so Pr :
+ Chon t1 = 11 0C tt1 = t1tb - t1 = 41.66 - 11 = 30.66
Pr30.66 = 3.9
Pr41.66 = 3.6
Pr
41.66
Pr30.66
Gr =
0.25
3.6
=
3.9
0.25
= 0.980
Chuan so Gr :
g .d td3 . 2 ..t1
Gr = 369404832
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 73
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
(Gr)0.1 = 7.19
-Chuan so Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 1* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
Nu = 10.98
He so cap nhiet
Nu ..
= 27 .88
= d td
(W/m2.o )
q1 = 1* t1 = 27.88*11 = 306.69 (W/m2)

q 2 q1'
= 0.19 > 0.05 ( 5% )
q2
o
Tnh lap lan 2 :
Chon t1 = 13
tt1 = 41.66 -13 = 28.86 0C
Pr28.86 = 3.85
Pr41.66 = 3.60
Pr
41.66
Pr28.66
0.25
3.6
=
3.85
0.25
= 0.983
- Gr = 436569346.9
III.
(Gr)0.1 = 7.31
Nu = 11.2
= 28.43 (W/m2.o)
q1 = 369.58 (W/m2)
q 2 q1'
= 0.024
< 0.05 (Hp ly )
q2
Vay cac thong so chon la phu hp .

Thiet b ngng tu hoi lu
1.
ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 74
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
N
c
S a
n pha
m
nh
N
c
S a
n pham
nh
57.30C
57.30C
400C
270C
Thong thng ngi ta chon loai thiet b ngng tu vi

chat lam lanh bang nc e ngng tu hi.
Dong nong 57.3 0C (hi ) 57.3 0C (long )
Dong lanh 27 0C (long ) 40 0C (long )
tn = 57.3 40 = 17.3 0C
tL = 57.3 27 = 30.3 0C
t log =
30 .3 17 .3
= 23 .20
30 .3
ln
17 .3

tt1 = 57.3 = 33.5 0C
tt2 = 57.3 23.2 = 34.1 0C
2.
Nhiet tai
Nhiet lng can thiet e ngng tu san pham ra
nh thap ( tiep theo phan can bang nhiet ):
Q = 1500 *0.92 *544.31 *1000/3600 = 208652.17(W)
3.
Chon thiet b
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 75
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Chon loai thiet b ong chum, at nam ngang vat lieu

la ong thau, he so dan nhiet
= 93 W/h.o .
Chon ng knh ngoai cua ong dh = 0.032m, loai ong
la 32x3mm.
ng knh trong cua thiet b :
Dtr =t.(b 1) +4.dh
t : bc ong, chon t =1.5dh =1.5*0.032 = 0.048 (m)
b = 2.a 1 =2.8 1 =15
(a = 8 :so ong tren mot canh cua hnh sau
canh ngoai cung )
Dtr = 0.048*(15-1) + 4*0.032 = 0.8(m)
4.
nhiet o trung bnh cua dong nong tt1 = 57.3 0C, ta
tra cac thong so :
=748.97 (Kg/m3)
= 0.23*10-3(Ns.m2)
r = 521.42 *10-3 : an nhiet ngng tu cua Acetone
c = 2296.22 J/Kg : nhiet dung rieng cua Acetone
= 0.165 W/m.o : he so cap nhiet cua Acetone
dt =
D 2 n.d 2
0.8 2 187 * 0.032 2
=
= 0.066 (m)
D + n.d
0.8 + 187 * 0.032
+ Chon t = 3 0C tw1 = 57.3 - 3 = 54.3 0C
- He so cap nhiet
.28* 4
r * 2 * 3
521 .42 * 10 3 * 784 .97 2 * 0.165 3
= 1.28 * 4
* t * d td
0.23 * 10 3 * 3 * 0.066
= 2966.56 (W/m2.o )
- He so cap nhiet trung bnh cua chum ong :
ch = * 1
Tra o th V.18 trang 29 So tay tap 2 : = 0.90
ch = 0.90*2966.56 = 2669.90 ( W/m2.o )
5.
Xac nh he so cap nhiet t thanh
ong en nc
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 76
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
- Nhiet o trung bnh cua dong lanh t
tb2
= (40 + 27)/2 =
33.5 C , tra cac thong so :

noc =993.95 (Kg/m3)
nc = 0.75*10-3(Ns.m2)
- Van toc nc trong ong :
0
w=
Gn
3.893
=
2
n * n * 0.785 * d
993.95 * 187 * 0.785 * 0.032 2
Trong o Gn = 3.893 (Kg/s)

w = 0.039 (m/s)
- Tnh chuan so Re :
Re =
.d .
= 1343.46

- Tnh chuan so Pr :
+ Chon t = 15 0C tt2 = t2tb + t2 = 33.5 + 15 = 48.5 0C
Pr48..5 = 10
Pr33.5 = 14
Pr
33.5
Pr 48..5
0.25
14
=
10
0.25
= 1.088
- Chuan so Gr :
Gr =
g.d 3 . 2 ..t 2
: he so gian n the tch, = 0.33*10-3 (1/o) (tra

bang 33 trang 420 tap 10)
Gr = 1.5204*106
(Gr)0.1 = 4.15
- Chuan so Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 2* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
so tay tap hai
(l/d > 50 nen chon 2 = 1)
Nu = 22.69
- He so cap nhiet
Nu ..
= 547 .18
= d
(W/m2.o )
( nc tra 33.5 0C bang 0.627 W/m2.o)
6.
Nhiet tai rieng
q1 =
ch
* t1 = 2669.90*3 = 8009.7 (W/m2)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 77
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
q2 = 2* t2 = 547.18*15 = 8207.67 (W/m2)

q 2 q1
= 0.024 < 0.05 ( 5% )
q2
7.
He so truyen nhiet
K = [ + r1 + + r2 + ]-1
1
2
= Cu = 93 (W/m2.o)
= 3 (mm)= 0.003 (m)
1 = 2966.56 (W/m2.o )
2= 547.18 ( W/m2.o)
(W/m2.o)
(W/m2.o)
K = [
1
0.003
1
+ 0.387 * 10 3 +
+ 0.464 * 10 3 +
]-1
2966 .56
93
547 .18
8.
= 328.09 (W/m2.o )
Be mat truyen nhiet
9.
F = K .t = 328 .09 * 23 .20 = 27 .41 (m2)

log
Chieu dai moi ong
208652 .17
27 .41
L = n..d = 3.1416 * 0.032 * 187 = 1.489 (m)

h
Chon L = 1.5 (m)
Tom lai : Thiet b ngng tu hoi lu Thiet b chum
ong co :
ng knh thiet b D = 0.8 (marketing) = 800(mm)
So ong n = 187 ong
Chieu dai cua ong L = 1.5 (m), ng knh d = 32(mm)
= 0.032 (m)
Nc i trong ong, dong san pham nh i ngoai
ong , thiet b at nam ngang.
IV. Thiet b noi un
1.
ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 78
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
a
y tha
p (hi)
Hi N
c
a
y tha
p
Sa
n pha
m a
y
119.60C
N
c
119.60C
106.50C
90.60C
Ta dung hi nc bao hoa co ap suat tuyet oi la 2at,

nhiet o soi 119.6 0C, e cap nhiet cho dung dch.
Dong nong 119.6 0C (hi ) 119.6 0C (hi )
Dong lanh 96 0C (long ) 106.5 0C (hi )
(Tra nhiet o soi cua Acetone ap suat 2at. Bang I.207
trang 246 So tay tap 1)
Chenh lech nhiet o au vao :
tn = 23.6 0C
Chenh lech nhiet o au ra :
tL = 13.1 0C
t log =
23 .6 13 .1
= 17 .84
23 .6
ln
13 .1
2.
Nhiet tai
Nhiet lng hi nc can cung cap (tiep theo phan
can bang nhiet ):
QD2 = Qy + Qw + Qxq2 + Qng2 QF - QR = 208652.17(W)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 79
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Hay QD2 = 1.05 ( Qy + Qw QF - QR )

= 1.05* ( 1.95*109 + 1.465*109 1.280*109
1.844*108 )
= 2.048*109 (J/h) = 5,689*105 (J/s)
3.
Chon thiet b
at noi un Kette rieng biet vi thap . Noi un tiep
nhan dong long i ra ben di thap. Nh hi nc bao
hoa co nhiet o cao hn nhiet o dong long tren se
giup hoa hi mot phan long ay thap muc ch tao
hi cho phan nay co ieu kien i len nh thap.
Ong dung ttrong noi co kch thc : ng knh ngoai
cua ong dh = 0.032m, loai ong la 32x3mm.
4.
- Xac nh chuan so Re :
Khi ngng hi mat ngoai ong nam ngang :
.d .z.q
Rem = 2..r
( Trang 27 So tay tap 2)
o nht cua nc ngng : = 0.233*10-3(Ns.m2)
nhiet o 119.0 0C
r = 2173 *10-3 ( nhiet hoa hi )
z : so ong trong mot day ong ( ong no xep len
tren ong kia ), z = 8 ong.
Chon Ksb = 700 (W/m2.o )
qsb = K. tlog = 700*17.84 = 12488 (W/m2)
Rem =
3.14 * 0.032 * 8 * 12488

= 9.94 < 50
2 * 0.233 *10 3 * 2173 * 10 3
Va Pr119.6 = 2.5 > 0.5

Do o he so cap nhiet
thc :
c xac nh theo cong
r * 2 * 3
2173 * 10 3 * 944 2 * 0.684 3
4
=
1
.
28
*
= 1.28*
* t * d td
0.208 * 10 3 * 3 * 0.032
4
= 16513.77 (W/m2.o )
Trong o 1 = 944 (Kg/m3)
= 0.684 (W/m.o )
Chon t1 = 3 0C
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 80
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
5.
Tnh he so cap nhiet cua san pham

ay noi
- He so cap nhiet
cho che o sui bot c ap

dung theo cong thc V.94 So tay tap2
- Xem san pham ay la nc v nong o Acetone rat
nho . Khi o tnh he so cap nhiet theo cong thc V.95
So tay tap 2
2 = 0.56* q0.7 *p0.5 (W/m2.o)
Vi p = 1.114 at : ap suat lam viec tren be mat
thoang dung dch
q = q1 :gia thiet truyen nhiet la on nh
q = q1 = 1 * t1 = 16513 .77 * 3 = 49541 .31(W / m 2 )
2 = 0.56 * 49541 .31 0.7 * 1.114 0.15 = 1100 .77 (W/m2.o)
- Chon t
= 14.5 0C
ttw2 = (96 +106.5)/2 + 14.5 = 115.75 0C
q2 = 1100.77*14.5 = 15961.165 (W/m2)
2
q 2 q1
= 0.033 < 0.05 ( 5% )
q2
Vay cac thong so a chon la phu hp .

6.
He so truyen nhiet
1
K = [ + r1 + + r2 + ]-1
1
2
= Cu = 93 (W/m2.o)
= 2 (mm)= 0.002 (m)
1 = 16513.77 (W/m2.o )
2= 1100.77 ( W/m2.o)
(W/m2.o)
(W/m2.o)
K = [
7.
1
0.002
1
+ 0.387 * 10 3 +
+ 0.464 * 10 3 +
]-1
16513 .77
93
1100 .77
= 539.88 (W/m2.o )
Be mat truyen nhiet
Q
5.689 * 10 5
F = K .t = 539 .88 * 17 ,84 = 59 .067 (m2)

log
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 81
O AN MON HOC
8.
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Chieu dai moi ong

F
59 .067
L = n..d = 3.1416 * 0.032 * 187 = 3.142 (m)

h
Chon L = 3.25 (m)
V.
Tnh bon cao v- Bm

1.
Tnh bon cao v: (xem trang sau)
- Tnh s bo z
: ( chieu cao t e chan en v tr
nhap lieu )
z2 = Ho [ l1 + ht + h + 386 + 8*(H + m ) + 100 ]
(mm)
Vi
Ho : chieu cao thap so vi e chan ,
Ho = 5105 (mm)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 82
O AN MON HOC
l1
(mm)
25(mm)
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
chieu cao ong dan hi nh ,l1 = 130
ht , h :
chieu cao ay va g , ht = 200 (mm), h =
386 : chieu cao cua mam th nhat

H, m : khoang cach gia cac mam va
chieu day cua mam
H = 300, m = 4 (mm)
8
: so mam (tnh en v tr nhap lieu)
100 : khoang cach t mam th 9 en v tr
nhap lieu
z2 = 5105 [ 130 + 200 + 25 + 386 + 8( 300 + 4 ) +
100] = 1832 (mm)
- Xet hai mat cat 1-1 va 2-2 :
P1 v 21
P
v22
+
= z2 + 2 +
+ hw12
2g
2g
P2 P1 v 2 2 v 2 1
+
+ hw12
z1= z2 +
2g
z1 +
Trong o :
v1 =0(m/s)
P2 P1
Pcat
5297 .9
= 0.568 (m) = 568 (mm)
949 .8 * 9.81
68.50C
= F = 949.8 (Kg/m3 )
Chon ng knh ong dan : d = 40 (mm) = 0.04 (m)
v2 =
4Q F
4 * 1.505 * 10 3
=
= 1.2 (m/s)
.d 2 3.1416 * 0.04 2
Tong tr lc tren ng ong :

24
.l v 22
hw12 = (i +
).
d
i =1
2.g
Chon s bo chieu dai chieu dai ong dan l = 15 (m)

+ Tnh he so :
v 2 .d . F
1.2 * 0.04 * 949 .8

= 118601 .4 > 104
F
0.3844 * 0.04 2
100 0.25
)
Nen = (1.46 . +
Re
Re =
Chon
dan )
= 0.2 (mm) ( o nham tuyet oi cua ong

=
0 .2
= 0.005
40
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 83
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
= (1.46 * 0.005 +
100
) 0.25 = 0.03
118601 .4
+ Cac he so ton that cuc bo :
He so tr qua thiet b gia nhiet nhap

lieu :
1 = (6 + 9 * m)( S / d ) 0.03 * Re 0.26
.So day ong m = 11

dong = 0.021 (m)
.Khoang cach gia hai tam ong :S =
t.cos30 = 26 (mm)
1 = (6 + 9 * 11)( 26 / 21) 0.03 * 118601 .4 0.26 = 4.79
He so tr lc qua oan uon ong :
= 2 = 4 = 5 = 6 = 7 = 11 = 12 = 13 = 14 =
14 = 15 = 17 = A.B.C
Goc uon = 900 A = 1
a = 40 (mm)
a
= 1 B = 0.21
d
R
=1 C = 1
d
1' = 1 * 0.21 * 1 = 0.21
He so tr lc cua lu lng ke khong

ang ke : 20 = 0
He so tr lc cua van con trong ong

tron va thang :
= 3 = 18 = 19 = 21 = 0.05
He so ot m 24 = 0.57 do :
Re= 118601.4 > 104
F0 d 02 0.04 2
=
=
= 0.25
F1 d12 0.08 2
He so ot m trc khi vao thiet b gia

nhiet : 7 = 0.31 do :
Re= 118601.4 > 104
F0 d 02 0.04 2
=
=
= 0.44
F1 d12 0.06 2
( Chon ng knh lo m thiet b gia nhiet 60
(mm))
He so ot thu sau thiet b gia nhiet : 10

= 0.32 do :
Re= 118601.4 > 104
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 84
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
F0 d 02 0.04 2
=
=
= 0.44
F1 d12 0.06 2
Chon ng knh lo m bon cao v :

100(mm)
He so ot thu 1 = 0.46 do :
Re= 118601.4 > 104
F0 d 02 0.04 2
=
=
= 0.16
F1 d12
0.12
He so ton that ong 3 nga :

16 = 23 = n = A. + o
F3
= 0.5 A = 0.72
F2
V3
= 0.5
Ty so lu lng
V2
F3
= 0.5
Va
F2
Do
= 1.63
0 = 0.53
16 = 23 = 0.72*1.63 + 0.53 = 1.70
4*0.05
cb
10
+ 2.
+ 11. + 4.
= 0.46 + 0.31 + 0.32 + 2*1.7 + 4.79 + 11*0.21 +

= 11.79
0.03 * 1.5 1.2 2

).
= 1.691 (m) = 1691 ( mm )
0.04
2.9.81
1.2 2
+1.691 = 4.164 (m) = 4164
z1 = 1.832 + 0.568 +
2 * 9.81
hw12 = (11 .79 +
(mm)
o
Khoang cach t mam nhap lieu en e chan
thiet b :
o
H1 = z2 = 1832 (mm)
Vay khoang cach t mc chat long trong bon cao v
en bm ( gia s at ngay e chan ) H cv = z1 = 4164
(mm)
2.
Tnh bm
Ap dung phng trnh Bernulli cho mat cat (1-1) va (33) :
v32
P3
v12
P
+
+ 1 + h13
Hb + z 3 +
= z1 +
2.g 3
2. g 1
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 85
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Trong o :
P1 = P3 = 1 at
1= 3
v1 = v3 : chon ng knh ong hut bang ng knh
ong ay .
Hb = z1 z3 + h1-3
+ Chon chieu cao mc chat long trong bon cha
nguyen lieu cao hn e chan 0.3 (m) = 300 (mm)
11
h1-3 = (i +
.l
i =1
).
v2
2.g
Chon chieu dai ong dan l= 8 (m)

Chon ng knh ong dan d = 40 (mm)
Van toc v= 1.5 (m/s)
Tnh he so :
Re =
v.d .
1.5 * 0.04 * 978 .98

= 74690 .77
0.78 * 10 3
Nen = (1.46 . +
Chon
dan )
> 104
100 0.25
)
Re
= 0.2 (mm) ( o nham tuyet oi cua ong
0 .2
= 0.005
40
100
) 0.25 = 0.03
= (1.46 * 0.005 +
74690 .77
=
Tng t khi tnh bon cao v ta co cac he

so tr lc cuc bo :
1 = 0.32 ; 2 = 4 = 6 = 7 = 9 = 10 = 0.21 ;
3 = 5 = 0.05 ; 8 = 1.7; 10 = 0.31
cb
= 0.32 + 6*0.21 + 2*0.05 + 1.7 + 0.31 = 3.69
h1-3 = ( 3.69 + 0.03*
8
1.5 2
)*
= 1.111(m) = 1111
0.04
2 * 9.81
(mm)
Hb= 4164 300 + 1111 = 4975 (mm) = 4.975 (m)
Cong suat bm ly tam :

Nt =
Q.H b ..g
1000 .
Q = .
d2
0.04 2
.v = 3.1416 *
* 1.5 = 1.855 * 10 3 (m3/s)
4
4
Hb = 4.975 (m)
= 970.98 (Kg/m3)
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 86
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
= 75% (Hieu suat bm)

1.885 * 10 3 * 4.975 * 970 .98 * 9.81
Nt =
= 0.12( KW)
1000 * 0.75
Cong suat ong c ien :

Ndc =
Nt
0.12
=
= 0.15 (KW)
tr .dc 0.9 * 0.9
Vi tr : hieu suat truyen ong .

c : hieu suat ong c .
e phong qua tai, ta chon bm co cong suat N =
2.Nt = 2*0.12 = 0.24 (KW) .
CHNG 6
TNH GIA THANH

THIET B
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Trang 87
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
Chi tiet
Vo thap
Nap-ay
Mam
Chop
Ong hi
Ong
chay
chuyen
Bch noi than
Bch noi cac ong
dan
Tong
Khoi lng vat lieu (Kg)

Thep X18H10T
Thep CT3
351.03
61
17.54
98.26
47.49
31.20
229.96
12.56
Vat lieu
Thep X18H10T
Thep CT3
Bulong
M5
M8
M16
M20
242.52
Gia vat lieu

( ong/Kg)
50000
10000
Thanh tien
( ong)
30326000
2425200
ong/con
500
1000
2000
2500
Chi tiet khac

Kieng
606.52
thuy
So lng
( Con)
150
857
48
360
ong/nv
n v
250000/m2
0.318 m2
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Thanh tien
(ong)
75000
857000
96000
900000
Thanh tien
( ong)
80000
Trang 88
O AN MON HOC
GVHD: LE XUAN HAI
tinh
Ap ke
600000/cai
2 cai
1200000
Nhiet ke
150000/cai
4 cai
600000
Lu lng ke
1000000/cai
1 cai
1000000
Vat lieu cach
4000000/m3
0.44m3
1750000
nhiet
- Tong tien vat t che tao thap va cac thiet b
co lien quan en hoat ong cua thap : 39309000
( ong ).
- Tien gia cong che tao va lap at :( lay bang
1.5 tien vat t ) : 58963500 ( ong ).
- Vay gia thanh thap chng : 98272500 ( ong).
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

[1] Vo Van Ban, Vu Ba Minh,Giao trnh Qua trnh va
thiet b cong nghe hoa hoc Tap 3, HBK Tp.HCM.
[2] Pham Van Bon, Giao trnh Qua trnh va thiet b cong
nghe hoa hoc Tap 5, HBK Tp.HCM.
[3] Giao trnh Qua trnh va thiet b cong nghe hoa hoc
Tap 10 V du va Bai tap , HBK Tp.HCM.
[4] So tay Qua trnh va thiet b cong nghe hoa hoc Tap
1 va Tap 2, HBK Ha Noi.
[5] Gs,Ts Nguen Bin, Thiet b trong cong nghe hoa chat
va thc pham, Tap 1 va Tap 2.
[6]
Raymond E.KIPK and Donald F.Othmer,

Encyclopedia of Chemcial technology.
SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC
Volume
1,
Trang 89

Mam Chop

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O AN MON HOC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

Kch thc thap .......................................................26

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

2. ng knh oan luyen........................................................28

Tnh cho phan cat......................................................31

Tnh cho phan chng...................................................32

III. Tnh chi tiet ong dan ..............................................37

ng knh ong dan hi vao thiet b ngng tu.....37

Ong dan dong chay hoan lu.................................38

Ong dan dong nhap lieu........................................38

Ong dan dong san pham ay..............................38

Ong dan t noi un qua thap.................................39

IV. Tnh tr lc thap......................................................39

Tong tr lc phan cat................................39

Tr lc cua lp chat long tren a ( Tr lc

thuy tnh Pt ).......................................................................40

Tong tr lc phan chng.............................41

lp chat long tren a ( Tr lc

thuy tnh Pt )......................................................................42

Tnh be day than tru cua thap...................45

Tnh - chon be day ay va nap thiet b....47

Chon bch va vong em................................48

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

Chan va tai treo thiet b.........................50

Tnh bao on....................................................53

CHNG 5: TNH THIET B PHU......................................58

ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh .........................64

Chon thiet b................................................................65

III. Thiet b ngng tu hoi lu.........................................69

ieu kien nhiet o cua qua trnh..........................69

Chon thiet b................................................................70

Nhiet tai rieng............................................................72

Be mat truyen nhiet.................................................72

Chieu dai moi ong....................................................72

IV. Thiet b noi un........................................................73

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

5. Tnh he so cap nhiet cua san pham ay noi..............75

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

Acetone co cong thc phan t : CH3COCH3 .Khoi lng

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

CH3-CO-CH3 + HCH2C=O CH3-C-CH3-C-CH3

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

Cong ty Shell s dung no nh mot san pham

CH3CHOHCH3 + 15.9 Kcal ( 3270C ) CH3COCH3 + H2

Dong kh nong sau phan ng gom co : Acetone,

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

Chng cat n gian (dung thiet b hoat ong

+ Khi nhiet o soi cua cac cau t khac xa

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

Vi cung mot chc nang, tong khoi lng

SVTH: TRAN VAN PHUC

GVHD: LE XUAN HAI

F * 0.1 1 =7 2 7.0 1 70.9 3 +8W 0.0 0 6